CN110042227A - Sinter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sinter and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110042227A CN110042227A CN201910436268.2A CN201910436268A CN110042227A CN 110042227 A CN110042227 A CN 110042227A CN 201910436268 A CN201910436268 A CN 201910436268A CN 110042227 A CN110042227 A CN 110042227A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sinters and preparation method thereof.The preparation method includes: to mix copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and fuel, obtains ingredient；Ingredient with binder mix agglomerating, obtains material to be sintered；And be sintered material to be sintered, obtain sinter.Due in copper ashes containing the ferro element of high level, preparing raw material and can provide advantageous guarantee to smelt the qualified pig iron as sinter；Cost is relatively low for copper ashes simultaneously, and sintering process is more mature, does not need to increase new corollary apparatus, thus compared to only using iron ore concentrate as raw material, process costs can be greatly reduced in method provided by the present application.The addition of flux is conducive to generate low melting point, promotes the generation of liquid phase, and then is conducive to improve the performance of sinter.In addition, sinter dosage is big, can be reduced environmental pollution simultaneously with large scale processing copper ashes, industrialization easy to accomplish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ironmaking fields, in particular to a kind of sinter and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Copper ashes is the metallurgical slag discharged in pyrometallurgic copper process from copper smelter, is that various oxides are mutual in furnace charge and fuel
Eutectic made of melting.Currently, the copper in China is mainly produced by pyrometallurgical smelting, by 1 ton of essence of output every during Copper making
Copper bar is put 2.2 tons of copper ashes and is calculated, and annual copper ashes discharge amount is more than 10,000,000 tons, in addition, it is more than 1.2 hundred million that quantity is also stored up in the whole nation
The copper ashes of ton, copper ashes have become a fairly large number of industrial solid castoff generated in metallurgy industry.Although containing big in copper ashes
Measure iron (29%-45%) and a small amount of copper (0.45%-3.0%), but most of copper ashes is dumped that there are cinder fields, does not only take up soil
Ground, pollution environment, and cause the huge waste of resource.
Contain certain ferro element in copper ashes, and ferro element is mainly with ferrosilite (2FeO ﹒ SiO2) and magnetic iron ore (Fe3O4)
Form exist, most of is ferrosilite, and copper is mainly with Cu2S, the form of CuO, Cu exist.Since the iron in copper ashes is mainly
Exist in the form of fayalite, is difficult to effectively recycle weak magnetic mineral fayalite by conventional magnetic selection method.It wants
Iron in recycling copper ashes just needs the 2FeO ﹒ SiO in copper ashes first2It is transformed into Fe3O4, then the method recycling for passing through magnetic separation.Recycling
There is much the method for copper in slag, mainly there is pyrogenic process dilution, wet underwater welding and Mineral separation etc..Copper ashes utilizes the research of technology at present
It focuses mostly at the utilization of independent copper or two aspects of utilization of independent iron.Extraction for copper metal in the dreg, beneficiating method apply compared with
Extensively, but resource utilization rate is low；Pyrometallurgical smelting metal recovery rate is high, but processing cost is high；The potential secondary pollution of wet-treating and
It is costly.Although copper ashes can also prepare devitrified glass, mineral wool；For producing cement, valuable iron and copper are all greatly wasted,
And other metal resources.
Sinter is widely used in iron industry, since some harmful elements such as sulphur, arsenic etc. would generally be contained in raw material, because
And a certain amount of iron powder or iron ore concentrate can be added in sintering process, to remove the harmful substances such as a part of sulphur and arsenic, and prepare
Sinter out.As provided a kind of preparation method of sinter in publication number CN106367588A, gone in the preparation method
Except tin, arsenic and the Zn-ef ficiency in stanniferous, arsenic and zinc mixing iron ore concentrate, by above-mentioned mixing iron ore concentrate and iron ore concentrate and Iron Ore Powder, steel
Slag mine, lime stone, light dolomite, quick lime, rubber powder and BF return fines are sintered.But sintering needed for above-mentioned sintering process is former
Expect that type is more many and diverse, there are problems that preparation process higher cost.
Thus presence in view of the above problems, it is necessary to which a kind of preparation process of low-cost sinter is provided.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of sinters and preparation method thereof, to solve the system of existing sinter
The problem of standby higher cost.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of preparation method of sinter, the system
Preparation Method includes: to mix copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and fuel, obtains ingredient；Ingredient and binder are mixed into
Group, obtains material to be sintered；And be sintered material to be sintered, obtain sinter.
Further, the weight ratio of copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and fuel is (30~50): (20~40): (10~20):
(6~10).
Further, to account for the weight of ingredient, the dosage of binder is 5~8%；Preferably, binder
For water；Preferably, fuel is selected from coking coal and/or coal dust.
Further, in parts by weight, copper ashes include (29~45) part ferro element, (0.45~3.0) part copper, (25
~40) part SiO2, (2~10) part CaO, (1.5~10) part Al2O3(0.6~2.8) part element sulphur.
Further, the granularity of material to be sintered is 5~10mm.
Further, the step of sintering carries out in sintering machine, comprising: material to be sintered is carried out cloth in sintering machine
Material, then carries out igniting down draft sintering, wherein the sintering ignition temperature in igniting down draft sintering step is 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C,
Light a fire 7~10KPa of negative pressure, and sintering negative pressure is 12~14KPa；Preferably, in burden distributing procedure the bed of material with a thickness of 700~750mm.
Further, above-mentioned preparation method further include: sintered product system will be obtained through sintering step and successively cooled down
With crushing and screening step, sinter is obtained.
Further, temperature≤100 DEG C of cooling procedure, after crushing and screening after step, the granularity of sinter is 5~
40mm。
Further, flux is selected from one of group of pulverized limestone, dolomite and quick lime composition or a variety of；Preferably,
By weight, pulverized limestone includes 2~5 parts of SiO2, 75~85 parts of CaO and 2~5 part of MgO.
The another aspect of the application additionally provides a kind of sinter, and sinter is made using above-mentioned preparation method, or sintering
The copper content of mine is 0.135~1.5%, and basicity is 1.1~1.4, drum strength >=70%.
Apply the technical scheme of the present invention, due in copper ashes containing the ferro element of high level, as sinter
Advantageous guarantee can be provided to smelt the qualified pig iron by preparing raw material.Cost is relatively low for copper ashes simultaneously, and sintering process is more mature,
It does not need to increase new corollary apparatus, thus compared to only using iron ore concentrate as raw material, method provided by the present application can substantially drop
Low process costs.The addition of flux is conducive to generate low melting point, promotes the generation of liquid phase, and then is conducive to improve sinter
Performance.In addition, sinter dosage is big, it can be with large scale processing copper ashes, industrialization easy to accomplish, while reducing environment dirt
Dye.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
The process that Fig. 1 shows the preparation method of the sinter provided according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
As described in background technique, the higher problem of the preparation cost of existing sinter.In order to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem, this application provides a kind of preparation method of sinter, which includes: to make copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and combustion
Material is mixed, and ingredient is obtained；Ingredient with binder mix agglomerating, obtains material to be sintered；And material to be sintered is carried out
Sintering, obtains sinter.
Sintering theory is that modern sintering production is a kind of down draft sintering process, i.e., by Iron Ore Powder, flux, fuel and returns mine
Mixture is formed according to a certain percentage, is equipped with suitable quantity of water, after mixing and pelletizing, is laid in sintering machine, the point under certain negative pressure
Fire, entire sintering process are carried out from top to bottom under negative pressure exhausting.Sintering ore bed, preheating can be divided into during the sintering process
Layer and cold burden layer.The physicochemical change of a series of complex is carried out in sintering process.Mainly there is the combustion reaction of carbon and oxygen, divide
Solution reaction such as crystallization water decomposition, carbonate decomposition and high oxide decompose, the reduction of oxide and reoxidize reaction with
And gasification reaction of certain objectionable impurities etc..
Since, containing the ferro element of high level, the raw material for preparing as sinter can be smelting qualification in copper ashes
The pig iron provides advantageous guarantee；Cost is relatively low for copper ashes simultaneously, and sintering process is more mature, does not need new the matching of increase and is set with
It sets, thus compared to only using iron ore concentrate as raw material, process costs can be greatly reduced in method provided by the present application.The addition of flux
Be conducive to generate low melting point, promote the generation of liquid phase, and then is conducive to improve the performance of sinter.In addition, sintering is mining
Amount is big, can be reduced environmental pollution simultaneously with large scale processing copper ashes, industrialization easy to accomplish.
It is suitble to the sinter of smelting by being prepared into Iron concentrate with addition of copper ashes.This technique can not only reduce production cupric
Steel production cost also using waste material, and reduces environmental pollution.In a kind of preferred embodiment, make copper ashes, iron essence
The weight ratio of powder, flux and fuel is (30~50): (20~40): (10~20): (6~10).It is closed compared to other ratios
The weight ratio of copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and fuel is limited the intensity and powder for being conducive to improve sinter within the above range by system
Change performance.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, to account for the weight of ingredient, the dosage of binder is 5~8%.It will
The dosage of binder limits within the above range, is conducive to the balling ratio for improving material to be sintered, and then is conducive to improve sintering
Effect.
In above-mentioned preparation method, as long as agglutinant can make preparation, ingredient is agglomerating.Preferably, binder is water.It is excellent
Selection of land, fuel include but is not limited to coking coal and/or coal dust.
In order to further increase the removal rate of harmful element, in a kind of preferred embodiment, in parts by weight, copper ashes packet
Include (29~45) part metallic iron, (0.45~3.0) part metallic copper, (25~40) part SiO2, (2~10) part CaO, (1.5~10)
Part Al2O3(0.6~2.8) part S element.
In order to further increase sintering effect, it is preferable that the granularity of material to be sintered is 5~10mm.
Technique commonly used in the art can also be used in the sintering process used in the preparation method of sinter provided by the present application
Device.In a kind of preferred embodiment, the step of sintering in sintering machine, comprising: by material to be sintered in sintering machine
Cloth is carried out, igniting down draft sintering is then carried out, wherein sintering ignition temperature is 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C, igniting negative pressure 7~
10KPa, sintering negative pressure are 12~14KPa.It is targeted by being carried out to sintering ignition temperature, igniting negative pressure and sintering negative pressure
It optimizes and revises, is conducive to improve the removal rate of harmful element and the yield of sinter.In order to improve sintering efficiency, it is preferable that cloth
Expect step in the bed of material with a thickness of 700~750mm.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, preparation method further include: sintered product system will be obtained through sintering step successively
Cooling and crushing and screening step is carried out, sinter is obtained.For the ease of the subsequent efficiency for carrying out iron-smelting process, it is highly preferred that cold
But temperature≤100 DEG C of process, after crushing and screening after step, the granularity of sinter is 5~40mm.
In above-mentioned preparation method, flux can use type commonly used in the art, and preferably flux includes but is not limited to stone
One of group of ashes, dolomite and quick lime composition is a variety of.It is highly preferred that by weight, pulverized limestone includes 2~5
Part SiO2, 75~85 parts of CaO and 2~5 part of MgO.
Preferably, sinter needed for the preparation method of above-mentioned sinter can be used for preparing blast furnace iron-making process.
On the other hand the application additionally provides a kind of sinter, which is made using above-mentioned preparation method, or sintering
The basicity of mine is 1.1~1.4, drum strength >=70%.
Due to preparing raw material containing the ferro element of high level, thus as sinter in copper ashes；Due to copper ashes
Cost is relatively low, and sintering process is more mature, does not need to increase new corollary apparatus, thus compared to only with iron ore concentrate being original
Process costs can be greatly reduced in material, method provided by the present application.The addition of flux is conducive to generate low melting point, promotes liquid
The generation of phase, and then be conducive to improve the performance of sinter.In addition, sinter dosage is big, can be held with large scale processing copper ashes
It easily realizes industrialization, reduces environmental pollution simultaneously.Above-mentioned sinter meets requirement of the relevant national standard to sinter.
The application is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, these embodiments should not be understood as limitation originally
Apply for range claimed.
Tumbler index is tested by GB8209-87 standard in the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention prepares sinter using the process flow in Fig. 1.
Agglomerating plant used in the embodiment of the present invention is NEU-2012 type sintering machine, and igniting is to be passed through natural gas and air point
Fire.
Pulverized limestone in the embodiment of the present invention is commercially available general industrial products, contains SiO by weight percentage22~5%,
CaO 75~85%, MgO 2~5%.
Fuel coke powder in the embodiment of the present invention is commercially available general industrial products, contains C 80~90% by weight percentage；
For ferro element for 35%, copper coin cellulose content is 0.7%, SiO in the copper ashes used in the embodiment of the present invention2Content is
35%, CaO content 5%, Al2O3Content is that 4%, S constituent content is 1.2%.
Iron grade is 45.0~65.0% in the common Iron concentrate used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Ingredient: copper ashes 30%, common Iron concentrate 40%, pulverized limestone 20%, fuel 10%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder；
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
5.5%, the diameter range of bead is between 5-7mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 720mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1320 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 8KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 13KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm obtains basicity 1.3, the cupric sinter that drum strength is 77%.
Embodiment 2
Ingredient: copper ashes 40%, common Iron concentrate 35%, pulverized limestone 17%, fuel 8%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder；
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
5.7%, the diameter range of bead is between 6-7mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 700mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1300 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 7KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 12KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm obtains basicity 1.2, the cupric sinter that drum strength is 75%.
Embodiment 3
Ingredient: copper ashes 45%, common Iron concentrate 30%, pulverized limestone 15%, fuel 10%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder；
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
7%, the diameter range of bead is between 7-8mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 750mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1340 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 9KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 13KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm obtains basicity 1.3, the cupric sinter that drum strength is 76%.
Embodiment 4
Ingredient: copper ashes 50%, common Iron concentrate 25%, pulverized limestone 15%, fuel 10%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder；
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
8%, the diameter range of bead is between 7-10mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 740mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1350 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 10KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 14KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm obtains basicity 1.4, the cupric sinter that drum strength is 80%.
Embodiment 5
Ingredient: copper ashes 55%, common Iron concentrate 15%, pulverized limestone 20%, fuel 10%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder.
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
5.5%, the diameter range of bead is between 5~7mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 720mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1320 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 8KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 13KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm obtains basicity 1.1, the cupric sinter that drum strength is 68%.
Embodiment 6
With the difference of embodiment 1 are as follows: copper ashes includes 50% ferro element, 0.4% copper, 20%SiO2, 5.%CaO ...
5.%Al2O3With 0.5% element sulphur.
The basicity of cupric sinter is 1.2, drum strength 80%.With following example.
Ingredient: copper ashes 50%, common Iron concentrate 25%, pulverized limestone 15%, fuel 10%, fuel are weighed by weight percentage
For coke powder；
Mixing-pelletizing: whole raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are then added to pelletizing in pelletizer, and amount of water accounts for whole raw materials
8%, the diameter range of bead is between 7-10mm.
Material to be sintered after cloth, is subjected to igniting down draft sintering in sintering machine on sintering machine.Wherein, the material after cloth
Layer is with a thickness of 740mm, and sintering ignition temperature is 1350 DEG C in sintering process, and light a fire negative pressure 10KPa, and sintering negative pressure is 14KPa, when
Sintering is completed when sintered discharge gas temperature is begun to decline.
When sintered discharge gas temperature is down to≤100 DEG C, sintered material is taken out, crushing and screening go out granularity 5~
The part of 40mm, obtains basicity 1.2, cupric sinter of the drum strength 80%.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realized the following chievements: being burnt in preparation
Knot mine during be added copper ashes not only contribute to reduce cost, reduce environmental pollution, at the same the basicity of sinter obtained and
Drum strength all meets the requirement of related industry standards.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of sinter, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes:
Copper ashes, Iron concentrate, flux and fuel are mixed, ingredient is obtained；
The ingredient with binder mix agglomerating, obtains material to be sintered；And
The material to be sintered is sintered, the sinter is obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the copper ashes, the Iron concentrate, the flux and institute
The weight ratio for stating fuel is (30~50): (20~40): (10~20): (6~10).
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that account for the weight of the ingredient,
The dosage of the binder is 5~8%；
Preferably, the binder is water；
Preferably, the fuel is selected from coking coal and/or coal dust.
4. preparation method according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that in parts by weight, the copper ashes packet
Include (29~45) part ferro element, (0.45~3.0) part copper, (25~40) part SiO2, (2~10) part CaO, (1.5~10)
Part Al2O3(0.6~2.8) part element sulphur.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the granularity of the material to be sintered is 5~10mm.
6. preparation method according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the step of sintering, carries out in sintering machine,
Include: that the material to be sintered is subjected to cloth in the sintering machine, then carry out igniting down draft sintering, wherein the igniting
The sintering ignition temperature of down draft sintering step be 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C, light a fire 7~10KPa of negative pressure, sintering negative pressure be 12~
14KPa；
Preferably, in the burden distributing procedure bed of material with a thickness of 700~750mm.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preparation method further include: will be through the sintering
Step obtains sintered product system and successively carries out cooling and crushing and screening step, obtains the sinter.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that temperature≤100 DEG C of the cooling procedure, through described
After crushing and screening step, the granularity of the sinter is 5~40mm.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flux is selected from pulverized limestone, dolomite and raw stone
One of group of ash composition is a variety of；
Preferably, by weight, the pulverized limestone includes 2~5 parts of SiO2, 75~85 parts of CaO and 2~5 part of MgO.
10. a kind of sinter, which is characterized in that the sinter is using preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 9
It is made or the basicity of the sinter is 1.1~1.4, drum strength >=70%.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110760672A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-07 | 浙江特力再生资源有限公司 | Method for producing sintered ore by using industrial solid wastes |
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