CN103866076A - Compact production method of austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents

Compact production method of austenitic stainless steel Download PDF

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CN103866076A
CN103866076A CN201410128038.7A CN201410128038A CN103866076A CN 103866076 A CN103866076 A CN 103866076A CN 201410128038 A CN201410128038 A CN 201410128038A CN 103866076 A CN103866076 A CN 103866076A
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stainless steel
austenitic stainless
agglomerate
sintering
manganese
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CN103866076B (en
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吕学伟
刘梅
刘猛
吕学明
邱贵宝
白晨光
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention provides a compact production method of austenitic stainless steel. According to the method provided by the invention, the original four production lines for production of ferronickel, ferrochromium and manganese-iron alloys as well as mixed smelting steel-making are combined into one production flow, and nickel laterite, ferrochromium concentrate, manganese ore and copper slag are directly subjected to mixed sintering and smelting to produce the austenitic stainless steel, thus simplifying the process flow, reducing a sintering ignition temperature and the proportion of carbon, and reducing energy consumption and reducing production cost; and moreover, stainless steel mother solution containing chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is directly obtained by smelting, and the obtained thermal stainless steel mother solution is directly blown in a converter to produce stainless steel, thus further reducing heat loss, decreasing energy consumption, facilitating simplification of a production line of austenitic stainless steel, avoiding the problem of increase of equipment management and maintenance costs due to decentralized flow, and opening up a novel way for a production process of the austenitic stainless steel.

Description

A kind of compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical engineering technology and environmental protection and energy saving technical field, relate in particular to a kind of compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel.
Background technology
China's iron and steel output occupies first place in the world, and stainless demand and production capacity also significantly improve.Austenitic stainless steel 1913 comes out in Germany, is playing the part of most important role in stainless steel always, and its turnout and usage quantity account for 70% of stainless steel ultimate production and consumption, chromium nickel be stainless steel account for world's stainless steel output 2/3rds.Austenitic stainless steel, refers to the stainless steel at normal temperatures with austenite structure.In steel containing chromium more than 16%, nickeliferously reach more than 8%, when carbon containing approximately 0.1%, there is stable austenite structure.Austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel comprises famous 18Cr-8Ni steel and the high chromium nickel Series Steel that increases on this basis Cr, Ni content and add the elements such as Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti to grow up.Chromium and nickel are to produce stainless basic interpolation element.All the other elements, for example manganese can increase the stability of austenite when cooling, suppresses austenitic decomposition, makes the austenite forming under high temperature be remained to normal temperature; Adding of Cu can improve the solidity to corrosion of austenitic stainless steel in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, urea.
The feature such as that nickel has is anticorrosive, anti-oxidant, high temperature resistant, intensity is high, ductility is good, thereby it is of many uses.In the consumption of nickel, iron and steel and non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry account for 65% ~ 70% of aggregate consumption, especially the application proportion maximum in stainless steel and refractory steel at present.The main source of nickel is respectively nickel sulfide ore and red soil nickel ore, along with the continuous growth of nickel market demand and petering out of nickelous sulfide resource, will have broad prospects to the development and utilization of red soil nickel ore.Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore is more, is divided into thermal process and wet processing according to the feature of smelting technology.Thermal process is mainly applicable to process containing the higher red soil nickel ore of Ni grade, and the grade of Ni is between 1.5% ~ 3%.Because the Ni grade in red soil nickel ore is low and main tax is stored in other mineral, suitable employing thermal process is smelted.Because China has a large amount of blast furnaces, use in conjunction with the hard closing of Chinese Government's requirement in recent years small furnace in ferrous metallurgy, the owner of these small furnaces can directly be applied to small furnace the smelting of laterite, zero facility investment, economic benefit is higher, and China Coke store content is large, aspect fuel, have superiority.
Chromium always forms chromohercynite (FeO.Cr with iron symbiosis at occurring in nature 2o 3), its mineralogy title is chromite.Because the wettability of chromite is poor, independent chromite powder mine disaster, in granulation balling-up, has a negative impact to sintering effect, and picotite fusing point is higher, and chromite just can produce liquid phase in the time of higher temperature.At present, chromite fine ore sintering increases amount of liquid phase by adding the flux such as chlorite, quartzite, serpentine, magnesia corresponding raising mixed carbon comtent conventionally, promotes sintering, metallurgical effect; But this mode carbon consumption is larger, and energy consumption is higher, and the flux adding causes the slag kind of follow-up stainless steel smelting operation and quantity discharged to increase, and this just makes enterprises of producing stainless steel face huge energy-saving and emission-reduction pressure; Simultaneously, although the fine ore price of chromite is relatively low, but the flux that chromite fine ore sintering additionally increases and mixed carbon comtent cost, make the advantage of chromite fine ore raw materials cost be difficult to produce in holistic cost and significantly embodied at stainless steel, be difficult to reach the object of effective lifting market competitiveness.
China manganese ore overwhelming majority belongs to lean ore, must carry out ore dressing processing.But because most manganese ores belong to particulate or fine grain teeth cloth, and there are a considerable amount of high phosphorus ores, high iron ore and are total to (companion) raw useful metal, therefore bring great difficulty to ore dressing processing.Ferromanganese is produced and is conventionally adopted blast furnace smelting process, manganese ore in the process being declined by furnace roof, the manganese oxide (MnO of high price 2, Mn 2o 3, Mn 3o 4) raise with temperature, progressively reverted to MnO by CO.But MnO can only at high temperature become metal by carbon direct-reduction, so ferromanganese smelting needs higher temperature of the furnace hearth, the blast furnace that for this reason refines ferromanganese adopts higher coke ratio (1600 kgs/tonne of left and right) and wind-warm syndrome (more than 1000 ℃).For reducing manganese loss, slag should keep higher basicity (CaO/SiO 2be greater than 1.3).Because coke ratio is high and indirect reduction rate is low, the gas yield of refining ferromanganese blast furnace and higher than iron-smelting blast furnace containing CO amount, throat temperature is higher (more than 350 ℃) also.
The production of austenitic stainless steel needs to depend on the resource allocation such as red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese ore.Traditional austenitic stainless steel smelting process for production, mainly to utilize red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese ore to pass through separately blast-furnace smelting, obtain respectively Rhometal, ferrochrome, manganeseirom, then by Rhometal, ferrochrome, manganeseirom and other interpolation mineral aggregate mix steel making.But along with the continuous growth of market demand, higher-grade red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese resource are petered out, and often need to from low grade ore, obtain high-grade ore by ore dressing, for the production of Rhometal, ferrochrome, manganeseirom.But it is less to obtain the common granularity of high-grade ore by ore dressing, and blast furnace smelting process need utilize lump ore to produce, and this just must obtain mineral aggregate ore dressing and sinter piece into, produces for blast furnace.This just causes in ferronickel, ferrochrome, manganeseirom production line adding respectively again sintering line separately, in order to the lump ore of difference sintering red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese ore, utilize respectively again blast furnace technology line separately to smelt the alloy block that obtains Rhometal, ferrochrome, manganeseirom, transport STEELMAKING PRODUCTION line to, be mixed in proportion and smelt and refining production austenitic stainless steel.Mainly there is the defect of several respects in traditional technology like this:
The one, production line is various, technical process is complicated, need to by red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese ore respectively sintering, smelt after remix steel-making, more than adding, on bar production line, the cost such as equipment construction, maintenance is higher;
The 2nd, energy consumption is large, cost is higher, because the sintering of red soil nickel ore, chromite, manganese ore disperses to cause consuming carbon amount and heat leakage increases, and the fusing point that chromite is smelted is separately higher, energy consumption is larger, smelt respectively and also cause the quantity of slag to increase simultaneously, increase the energy-saving and emission-reduction pressure of enterprise;
The 3rd, for the ease of transporting STEELMAKING PRODUCTION line to, smelt and obtain needing to be condensed into alloy block after Rhometal, ferrochrome, manganeseirom by different production lines, cause calorific loss, smelt and consumed energy again and the alloy block of ferronickel, ferrochrome, ferromanganese need be reheated in STEELMAKING PRODUCTION line, cause many-sided energy consumption to increase.
Therefore, traditional austenitic stainless steel technological process of production complexity, energy consumption is high, high in cost of production shortcoming is comparatively obvious.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel, in order to simplify austenitic stainless steel production line and technical process, minimizing energy consumption, reduce costs, to solve austenitic stainless steel technological process of production complexity in prior art, energy consumption is high, cost is high problem.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technique means:
A compact type production method for austenitic stainless steel, comprises the steps:
1) 40 ~ 46 weight part red soil nickel ores, 15 ~ 20 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 4 ~ 8 weight part manganese ores, 8 ~ 14 weight part copper ashes, 8 ~ 12 weight part coke powders and 10 ~ 18 weight parts are returned mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, adopt distributor that the mixing pellet after granulating is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1000 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃, 1.5 ~ 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa;
2) agglomerate back being obtained carries out after heat broken (≤40mm) is processed being cooled to room temperature, and recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, and the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm is as next sinter return fine again mixing and granulation sintering;
3) the finished product agglomerate of the remaining 5mm of being greater than is distributed into small furnace and smelts, obtaining containing the heating molten steel of chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is mother liquor of stainless steel;
4) heating molten steel of gained is transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel;
5) molten steel is carried out to external refining, finally obtain stainless steel.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 1, the waste residue that copper ashes source produces for certain copper smelting factory copper metallurgy.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 1, returning mine is that after chromite and red soil nickel ore mixed sintering obtain before this agglomerate sieves, the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm is as returning mine.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 1, grate-layer material is after red soil nickel ore and chromite mixed sintering obtain before this agglomerate sieves, using a part of particle diameter be agglomerate between 10 ~ 25mm as grate-layer material, bed material thickness is 20 ~ 25mm.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 2, agglomerate carries out after hot break process, adopts sintering pallet exhausting to be cooled to room temperature.
Than prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, four production lines of script ferronickel, ferrochrome, manganeseirom production and mixed smelting steel processed are merged into a Production Flow Chart, directly utilize red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes to carry out mixed sintering, smelt the rear austenitic stainless steel of producing, simplified technical process.
2, in the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, utilize red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes to carry out mixed sintering smelting, can reduce sintering ignition temperature and mixed carbon comtent, can play the effect that reduces energy consumption, reduces production costs.
3, in the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, smelting the chromium, nickel, manganese, the copper that produce is all basic interpolation elements that austenitic stainless steel is produced, and without adding unnecessary flux, reduce slag system adjustment and the energy expenditure of subsequent smelting link, contributed to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
4, austenitic stainless steel production method of the present invention is owing to having adopted compact sintering, smelting technology, can directly obtain containing chromium, nickel, the mother liquor of stainless steel of manganese and copper, avoid respectively by ferronickel, ferrochrome, the thermalloy liquid of ferromanganese is mixed in proportion the operation of heating smelting stainless steel after being cooled to alloy block again, making the inventive method obtained hot mother liquor of stainless steel directly can be entered to converter blows and produces stainless steel, reduce calorific loss, reduce energy consumption, and make Production Flow Chart compactness, contribute to simplify the production line of austenitic stainless steel, avoid disperseing because of flow process the equipment control causing, the problem that maintenance cost increases.
5, the copper ashes that in austenitic stainless steel production method of the present invention, the source of copper can select copper metallurgy to produce, thus play the effect that rationally utilizes secondary resource, increases factory's benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention.
Embodiment
For austenitic stainless steel technological process of production complexity in prior art, energy consumption is high, cost is high problem, the present invention proposes a kind of compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel, the method adopts new sintering, smelts integrated scheme, original ferronickel, ferrochrome, manganeseirom are produced and four production lines of mixed smelting steel processed are merged into the Production Flow Chart of a compact type to the object that reach to simplify the production line of austenitic stainless steel and technical process, minimizing energy consumption, reduces costs.In addition, the copper ore resource of China has the advantages that intergrowth mineral is many, grade is low, for the copper ashes system of enormous amount, exist a large amount of secondary resources that can recycle, China is also faced with the severe situation of the non-ferrous metal reserves deficiencies such as copper simultaneously, in the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, can select copper ashes that copper metallurgy the produces source as copper in steel-making, rationally utilize secondary resource, increase the performance of enterprises, can reduce quantity of slag discharge simultaneously.And the integration of ferronickel, ferrochrome, manganeseirom sintering, smelting production line also contributes to reduce energy consumption, reduces deslagging, is conducive to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Particularly, as described in Figure 1, it comprises the steps: the flow process of the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention
1) 40 ~ 46 weight part red soil nickel ores, 15 ~ 20 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 4 ~ 8 weight part manganese ores, 8 ~ 14 weight part copper ashes, 8 ~ 12 weight part coke powders and 10 ~ 18 weight parts are returned mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, obtain mixing pellet;
2) on sintering pallet, lay grate-layer material;
3) adopt distributor that described mixing pellet is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1000 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃, 1.5 ~ 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa, obtains agglomerate;
4) agglomerate back being obtained carries out being cooled to room temperature after hot break process, recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, what the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm was produced as austenitic stainless steel after this returns mine, getting a part of particle diameter is that the agglomerate of 10 ~ 25mm is as the grate-layer material of after this austenitic stainless steel production, the finished product agglomerate that remaining particle diameter is greater than to 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, and obtains heating molten steel containing chromium, nickel, manganese and copper as mother liquor of stainless steel;
5) mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is directly transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel;
6) hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, finally obtain austenitic stainless steel.
Chromium, nickel, manganese, copper are all basic interpolation elements that austenitic stainless steel is produced, script ferronickel, ferrochrome, manganeseirom are produced in the present invention and four production lines of mixed smelting steel processed are merged into a Production Flow Chart, directly utilize red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes to carry out mixed sintering, smelt the rear austenitic stainless steel of producing, therefore can greatly simplify process flow.In addition, the independent smelting process of red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, four kinds of raw materials of copper ashes is the highest with the smelting temperature of chromite, and because the wettability of chromite is poor, independent chromite powder mine disaster is in granulation balling-up, sintering effect is had a negative impact, therefore in prior art, often needing increases amount of liquid phase by adding the flux such as chlorite, quartzite, serpentine, magnesia corresponding raising mixed carbon comtent, promote sintering, metallurgical effect, thereby cause the problem that energy consumption is high, cost is high obvious, be unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction.In the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, utilize red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes to be mixed together and granulate and sintering, except providing the fundamental element of austenitic stainless steel, can also play the effect that reduces energy consumption and cost.Because; in mixing granulation link; due to red soil nickel ore and manganese ore good to the wettability of water; in pelletization; red soil nickel ore and manganese ore just can be used as forming core particle and chromite circumstances mutually adheres to and grows up, and granulates agglomerating, thereby solves chromite powder mine disaster in the problem of granulating; the acquisition of granulating mixes pellet and can make the ventilation property of sintering better, thereby can help to reduce sintering energy consumption and obtain better sintering effect.On the other hand, in sintering link, the main component chromium sesquioxide (Cr of chromite 2o 3), aluminum oxide (Al 2o 3) fusing point higher (1450 ℃~1500 ℃), the silicon-dioxide (SiO that fusing point is lower 2), the content ratio of the composition such as magnesium oxide (MgO) is relatively low, and the liquid phase that in sintering process, chromite self produces is mainly silicate, therefore the amount of liquid phase himself producing is less, therefore need to or add flux by higher ignition temperature, increase mixed carbon comtent and increase slag liquid phase, and silicon-dioxide (SiO in red soil nickel ore and manganese ore 2), magnesium oxide (MgO) content ratio is relatively high, under compared with low ignition temperature and mixed carbon comtent condition, can produce more liquid phases, thereby help to improve sintering quality, reduce sintering energy consumption; Meanwhile, red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes metallurgical slag set member are close, are all mainly Al 2o 3, SiO 2and MgO, can not increase the subsequent smelting deslagging operation that austenitic stainless steel is produced, and chromite is smelted SiO in slag system 2, the low Al of MgO content 2o 3content is high, and red soil nickel ore, manganese ore, adding of copper ashes can help to improve SiO 2, MgO slag system content, and then help to shorten the adjustment smelting cycle of slag system, reduce and smelt production cost; Thus, the present invention without extra by the high flux of the price such as chlorite, magnesia, under lower mixed carbon comtent condition, the sintering environment that only need to control ignition temperature and be 1000 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃, 1.5 ~ 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure and be negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa carries out sintering, just can guarantee good sintering effect, improve agglomerate yield rate and intensity, avoided the problem that causes mixed carbon comtent increase, energy consumption and cost to increase because of extra interpolation flux.Thus, austenitic stainless steel production method of the present invention is utilized red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes to be mixed together and is granulated and sintering, has just solved chromite powder mine disaster in prior art in granulation and sintering, energy consumption is high, cost is high problem.In addition, austenitic stainless steel production method of the present invention is owing to having adopted compact sintering, smelting technology, can directly obtain containing chromium, nickel, the mother liquor of stainless steel of manganese and copper, avoid respectively by ferronickel, ferrochrome, the thermalloy liquid of ferromanganese is mixed in proportion the operation of heating smelting stainless steel after being cooled to alloy block again, making the inventive method obtained hot mother liquor of stainless steel directly can be entered to converter blows and produces stainless steel, further reduce calorific loss, reduce energy consumption, and make Production Flow Chart compactness, contribute to simplify the production line of austenitic stainless steel, avoid disperseing because of flow process the equipment control causing, the problem that maintenance cost increases.
The compact type production method of the above-mentioned austenitic stainless steel of the present invention, in its step 1, copper ashes source can select copper to smelt the waste residue that factory's copper metallurgy produces, and rationally utilizes secondary resource, to increase the performance of enterprises.On the other hand, what in step 1, adopt returns mine, can be that austenitic stainless steel is after the agglomerate that obtains of red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes, coke powder and the mixed sintering of returning mine sieves in producing before this, the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm be as returning mine.Because it is too small and be unfavorable for that follow-up stainless steel produces that particle diameter is less than the agglomerate particle diameter of 5mm, but the grades such as its institute is nickeliferous, chromium, manganese are higher, and surface irregularity, can in the time of mixed pelletizing, mutually adhere to and grow up as forming core particle and other mineral aggregate, be conducive to granulate, therefore not only can reclaim the elements such as nickel, chromium, manganese as returning mine, but also can help mixing granulation.In step 2, after grate-layer material also can adopt austenitic stainless steel before this agglomerate that obtains of red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes, coke powder and the mixed sintering of returning mine sieves in producing, be that agglomerate between 10 ~ 25mm is as grate-layer material using a part of particle diameter, grate-layer material thickness is 20 ~ 25mm, the ratio burning out in order to reduce grid section, guarantee exhausting amount and ventilation effect, avoid sintered material to be bonded on grate bar and reduce exhausting area, stop that fine particle enters bellows with waste gas and shortens the vacuum fan life-span.In step 4, agglomerate is carried out to hot break process, preferably require broken rear agglomerate particle diameter to be less than or equal to 40mm, make it meet the requirement of follow-up stainless steel Production Flow Chart to raw material granularity; In addition, in step 4, agglomerate carries out after hot break process, can also directly adopt sintering pallet exhausting to be cooled to room temperature, so both can promote cooling process efficiency, without increasing other cooling apparatus, can better save cost again.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
embodiment:
Embodiments of the invention material chemical component used is as shown in table 1, and the technical analysis of coke powder used is as shown in table 2.
Table 1 material chemical component (%)
The technical analysis of table 2 coke powder
Figure 2014101280387100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
embodiment mono-:
By 46 weight part red soil nickel ores, 16 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 6 weight part manganese ores, 14 weight part copper ashes, 8 weight part coke powders and 10 weight parts return mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, adopt distributor that the mixing pellet after granulating is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1050 ℃, 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa.The agglomerate obtaining is carried out after heat broken (≤40mm) is processed being cooled to room temperature, and recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, and surveys the physicals of agglomerate.The yield rate, dropping strength, barrate strength, the wear-resistant index that obtain agglomerate are respectively 68.85%, 73.23%, 49.18%, 20.10%.The finished product agglomerate that is greater than 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, obtaining containing the heating molten steel of chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is mother liquor of stainless steel, and in mother liquor of stainless steel, Mn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni content are respectively 3.81%, 0.62%, 16.02%, 73.26%, 1.41%.As a rule, the amount of contained Cr, the Ni of austenitic stainless steel, Mn, Cu is respectively 16.00%~19.00%, 8.00%~11.00% ,≤2.00% ,≤1.00%, can see, Cr, the Cu that in the present embodiment, the mother liquor of stainless steel of gained contains all reached the requirement of austenitic stainless steel.The hot mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel.Finally hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, obtain austenitic stainless steel.
embodiment bis-:
By 45 weight part red soil nickel ores, 15 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 5 weight part manganese ores, 10 weight part copper ashes, 10 weight part coke powders and 15 weight parts return mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, adopt distributor that the mixing pellet after granulating is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1050 ℃, 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa.The agglomerate obtaining is carried out after heat broken (≤40mm) is processed being cooled to room temperature, and recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, and surveys the physicals of agglomerate.The yield rate, dropping strength, barrate strength, the wear-resistant index that obtain agglomerate are respectively 72.32%, 75.86%, 51.49%, 19.21%.The finished product agglomerate that is greater than 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, obtaining containing the heating molten steel of chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is mother liquor of stainless steel, and in mother liquor of stainless steel, Mn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni content are respectively 3.32%, 0.48%, 17.50%, 72.13%, 1.20%.Cr, the Cu that in the present embodiment, the mother liquor of stainless steel of gained contains all reached the requirement of austenitic stainless steel.The hot mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel.Finally hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, obtain austenitic stainless steel.
embodiment tri-:
By 42 weight part red soil nickel ores, 19 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 4 weight part manganese ores, 8 weight part copper ashes, 11 weight part coke powders and 16 weight parts return mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, adopt distributor that the mixing pellet after granulating is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1050 ℃, 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa.The agglomerate obtaining is carried out after heat broken (≤40mm) is processed being cooled to room temperature, and recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, and surveys the physicals of agglomerate.The yield rate, dropping strength, barrate strength, the wear-resistant index that obtain agglomerate are respectively 75.54%, 78.95%, 54.87%, 17.29%.The finished product agglomerate that is greater than 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, obtaining containing the heating molten steel of chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is mother liquor of stainless steel, and in mother liquor of stainless steel, Mn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni content are respectively 2.64%, 0.37%, 18.00%, 72.15%, 1.30%.Cr, the Cu that in the present embodiment, the mother liquor of stainless steel of gained contains all reached the requirement of austenitic stainless steel.The hot mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel.Finally hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, obtain austenitic stainless steel.
embodiment tetra-:
By 40 weight part red soil nickel ores, 20 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 4 weight part manganese ores, 12 weight part copper ashes, 12 weight part coke powders and 12 weight parts return mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, adopt distributor that the mixing pellet after granulating is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1050 ℃, 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa.The agglomerate obtaining is carried out after heat broken (≤40mm) is processed being cooled to room temperature, and recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, and surveys the physicals of agglomerate.The yield rate, dropping strength, barrate strength, the wear-resistant index that obtain agglomerate are respectively 74.88%, 76.74%, 52.92%, 18.73%.The finished product agglomerate that is greater than 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, obtaining containing the heating molten steel of chromium, nickel, manganese and copper is mother liquor of stainless steel, and in mother liquor of stainless steel, Mn, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni content are respectively 2.53%, 0.49%, 18.16%, 72.30%, 1.05%.Cr, the Cu that in the present embodiment, the mother liquor of stainless steel of gained contains all reached the requirement of austenitic stainless steel.The hot mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel.Finally hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, obtain austenitic stainless steel.
Can see from the related data of above-described embodiment, adopt in austenitic stainless steel production method of the present invention, every physical indexs such as yield rate by red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes mixing granulation, sintering gained agglomerate, dropping strength, barrate strength, wear-resistant index are all comparatively good, guarantee preferably the metallurgical performance of agglomerate, for subsequent smelting provides good feed stock for blast furnace; And in the mother liquor of stainless steel obtaining after small furnace is smelted, Cr, Cu content have all reached the requirement of austenitic stainless steel, therefore in follow-up blowing and refining flow process, only need to be according to the steel grade production requirement of austenitic stainless steel, adopt existing blowing and refinery practice to be adjusted composition, just can realize the production of austenitic stainless steel.
In sum, with respect to existing austenitic stainless steel production technique, the compact type production method of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention has advantages of that technical process is simple, energy consumption is low, cost is low, can effectively solve existing austenitic stainless steel technological process of production complexity, energy consumption is high, cost is high problem, and contribute to simplify the production line of austenitic stainless steel, avoid disperseing the equipment control causing, the problem that maintenance cost increases because of flow process, for the production technique of austenitic stainless steel opens up a new way.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a compact type production method for austenitic stainless steel, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) 40 ~ 46 weight part red soil nickel ores, 15 ~ 20 weight part ferrochrome concentrate, 4 ~ 8 weight part manganese ores, 8 ~ 14 weight part copper ashes, 8 ~ 12 weight part coke powders and 10 ~ 18 weight parts are returned mine composition compound add drum mixer, add water and carry out mixing granulation by 18% of described compound gross weight again, obtain mixing pellet;
2) on sintering pallet, lay grate-layer material;
3) adopt distributor that described mixing pellet is evenly laid in and in the grate-layer material on sintering pallet, carries out sintering, ignition temperature is that 1000 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃, 1.5 ~ 2 minutes ignition time, exhausting pressure are negative pressure 8 ~ 10kPa, obtains agglomerate;
4) agglomerate back being obtained carries out being cooled to room temperature after hot break process, recycling vibratory screening apparatus sieves, what the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm was produced as austenitic stainless steel after this returns mine, getting a part of particle diameter is that the agglomerate of 10 ~ 25mm is as the grate-layer material of after this austenitic stainless steel production, the finished product agglomerate that remaining particle diameter is greater than to 5mm is distributed into small furnace and smelts, and obtains heating molten steel containing chromium, nickel, manganese and copper as mother liquor of stainless steel;
5) mother liquor of stainless steel of gained is directly transported to converter is blown and carry out microalloying obtains hot molten steel;
6) hot molten steel is carried out to external refining, finally obtain austenitic stainless steel.
2. the compact type production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, and the waste residue that copper ashes source produces for the copper metallurgy of copper smelting factory.
3. the compact type production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, returning mine is that austenitic stainless steel is after the agglomerate that obtains of red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes, coke powder and the mixed sintering of returning mine sieves in producing before this, and the agglomerate that particle diameter is less than to 5mm is as returning mine.
4. the compact type production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, grate-layer material is austenitic stainless steel after the agglomerate that obtains of red soil nickel ore, ferrochrome concentrate, manganese ore, copper ashes, coke powder and the mixed sintering of returning mine sieves in producing before this, using a part of particle diameter be agglomerate between 10 ~ 25mm as grate-layer material, grate-layer material thickness is 20 ~ 25mm.
5. the compact type production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4, agglomerate is carried out to hot break process, requires broken rear agglomerate particle diameter to be less than or equal to 40mm.
6. the compact type production method of a kind of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4, agglomerate carries out after hot break process, adopts sintering pallet exhausting to be cooled to room temperature.
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