CN106636655A - Treatment method of electric furnace dust - Google Patents
Treatment method of electric furnace dust Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106636655A CN106636655A CN201610812317.4A CN201610812317A CN106636655A CN 106636655 A CN106636655 A CN 106636655A CN 201610812317 A CN201610812317 A CN 201610812317A CN 106636655 A CN106636655 A CN 106636655A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electric furnace
- furnace dust
- powder
- pelletizing
- slag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/248—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating of metal scrap or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment method of electric furnace dust. The method comprises the following steps that the electric furnace dust, steel slag and a reducing agent are ground respectively and mixed and pelletized after being ground, and pellets are manufactured; the pellets are subjected to reducing roasting, and volatile matter and reduced pellets are obtained; on the condition of being isolated from air, the volatile matter is cooled and collected, and zinc powder is obtained; the reduced pellets are subjected to water quenching, ore grinding and magnetic separating to obtain iron powder and tailings; and the iron powder is pressed into blocks to obtain iron blocks, and the tailings, calcium oxide and bauxite are mixed and premolten to obtain premolten tailings. According to the method, Fe and Zn metal elements in the electric furnace dust and the steel slag can be recovered comprehensively, zero abandoning in the whole treatment process is achieved, the method is environmentally friendly, and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solid waste treatment, more particularly to a kind of processing method of electric furnace dust.
Background technology
The iron and steel annual production of China's electric furnace steel making accounts for the whole nation 18% or so.Also, one ton of steel is often produced, correspondingly can be produced
About 2% electric furnace dust, wherein containing the valuable metal element such as Fe, Zn.In recent years, the annual iron and steel output of China is about 800,000,000
Ton, generates therewith substantial amounts of electric furnace dust, and serious pollution is caused to environment.Therefore, electric furnace dust needs process badly.So
And, in current treatment technology, what is had has only carried out the recovery of single-element, although what is had can carry out the synthesis of multiple element
Reclaim, but organic efficiency is relatively low.
The processing method of electric furnace dust has various, wherein, solidification, landfill floor space are larger, and the valuable unit in dust
Element is not obtained by and wastes;The acid-base solution that wet-treating process is used is serious to equipment corrosion;Pyrogenic attack is more universal,
Substantially the recycling of Fe, Zn element in electric furnace dust is realized, but it is pending to produce secondary waste thing after reclaiming.
At present, some iron and steel enterprises are using the processing method that electric furnace dust is carried out return sintering.By with addition of certain ratio
Example the electric furnace dust, carry out blast furnace ironmaking, so as to reclaim electric furnace dust in Fe.But, due to electric furnace dust particle it is tiny,
The space of sinter bed is easily blocked, causing the gas permeability of the bed of material reduces, sinter quality deteriorates, sintering machine production capacity is reduced.This
Outward, the Zn in electric furnace dust can affect the operation of blast furnace.
Prior art one discloses a kind of method and apparatus that metal is reclaimed from electric furnace dust.Methods described be by chlorine into
Divide mainly carries out melting and reducing with the electric furnace dust that the total mass percent of zinc composition is more than 12% using electric energy, reclaims it
In iron liquid and zinc oxide, equipment therefor is fusion reducing furnace.But, the method that the technology uses electric energy melting and reducing,
Temperature is high, and energy consumption is big;And waste residue can be produced, secondary pollution is formed.
Prior art two discloses a kind of processing method of dust with zinc of electric furnace.Methods described is to enter dust with zinc of electric furnace
Row matches somebody with somebody carbon, pelletizing, drying, in being put into rotary hearth furnace, 60~90min of reduction roasting under 1100~1200 DEG C of temperature conditionss.Reduction
The Zn steam of generation introduces 1100~1250 DEG C of oxidizing chambers and is oxidized to ZnO, is then re-introduced into cooling chamber and collects ZnO powder.Reduction
Pelletizing cooling afterwards obtains semi metallized pellet, and degree of metalization 60% or so, TFe contents are less than 2% more than 50%, Zn contents.
But, the technology recovery time is longer, and semi metallized pellet degree of metalization is low, and Zn contents are higher, and further utilization is not implemented.
The content of the invention
In view of the problem that prior art is present, the invention provides a kind of electric furnace dust integrated conduct method, can be to electricity
Stove dust is reclaimed, environmental friendliness, will not produce secondary pollution.
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of electric furnace dust, the method comprising the steps of:
Step A, electric furnace dust, slag, reducing agent are ground respectively, are mixed after grinding, pelletizing, ball is obtained
Group;
Step B, the pelletizing carry out reduction roasting, obtain pelletizing after volatile matter and reduction;
Step C, isolation air under conditions of, cooling collection is carried out to the volatile matter, obtain zinc powder;After the reduction
Pelletizing Jing water quenchings, ore grinding, magnetic separation are separated, and obtain iron powder and mine tailing;
Step D, the iron powder briquetting obtain iron block, and the mine tailing is mixed with quick lime and bauxite and fritting is obtained
Fritting mine tailing.
Electric furnace dust, slag, the quality proportioning of reducing agent in the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, in the pelletizing
For:1:0.5~0.8:0.25~0.5.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the temperature of the reduction roasting is set to 1200~1300 DEG C, and the time is set to
≥30min。
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the electric furnace dust, slag, reducing agent obtain powder after being ground respectively
End, and the powder of mesh number >=200 mesh accounts for the percentage of the powder for >=70wt%.
Fe in the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, in the electric furnace dust2O3Content accounts for the percentage of the electric furnace dust
Than >=40wt%, ZnO content accounts for the percentage≤10wt% of the electric furnace dust.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the C content in the reducing agent account for the percentage of the reducing agent >=
75wt%.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the reducing agent selects mill coal.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the particle diameter of the quick lime and the bauxite is 5~8 ㎜.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the CaO content in the slag account for the percentage of the slag >=
45wt%;CaO content in the quick lime accounts for the percentage >=90wt% of the quick lime.
In the processing method of above-mentioned electric furnace dust, the mine tailing, quick lime, the quality proportioning of bauxite are 1:0.2~
0.4:0.5~0.7;The prefusing temperature is set to 1300~1500 DEG C.
The present invention during processing electric furnace dust, using cheap slag as reduction additive,
Reduce processing cost.Also, the method for the present invention can be in synthetical recovery electric furnace dust and slag Fe, Zn metallic element, and
Steel-making refining agent is prepared using magnetic tailing.Processing procedure whole zero is discarded, and environmental friendliness is with low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow schematic diagram of electric furnace dust in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy
Enough more fully understand the solution of the present invention and the advantage of its various aspects.However, specific embodiments described below and reality
It is only descriptive purpose to apply example, rather than limitation of the present invention.
A kind of processing method of electric furnace dust is embodiments provided, as shown in Figure 1, the method includes four steps
Suddenly.
Step A, prepare pelletizing:Electric furnace dust, slag, reducing agent are ground respectively and obtain powder, by three kinds of things
The powder of matter is mixed, and then adds starch solution in mixed powder, obtains pelletizing.
Wherein, the Fe in the electric furnace dust selected by the present invention2O3The percentage for accounting for electric furnace dust is >=40wt% (wt%
For mass percent), it is≤10wt% that ZnO accounts for the percentage of electric furnace dust.CaO in slag account for the percentage of slag for >=
45wt%.
The reducing agent that the present invention is selected is the carbonaceous material with reduction, wherein C content >=75wt%, and price
Than less expensive.In commercial Application, the price of coking coal is higher, therefore select in the embodiment of the present invention is that price is comparatively cheap
Mill coal, can also select in other embodiments semi-coke.
Electric furnace dust, slag, mill coal are ground respectively in the powder for obtaining in above-mentioned steps, mesh number >=200 purpose
Powder account for respective powder amount be 70wt% and more than.
The quality proportioning when powder of electric furnace dust, slag, mill coal is mixed is:1:0.5~0.8:0.25~
0.5, can be seen that in the pelletizing by the proportioning, the content of electric furnace dust is most.
Wherein, also containing the oxide of part Fe in slag.It is used as reduction additive by adding slag in the present invention, can
Fe therein, and the coarse-fine reduction of CaO energy for wherein containing are reclaimed, and offer calcium source is carried out for follow-up fritting step.
Starch solution is added to prepare pelletizing in mixed powder, the starch solution of addition accounts for the amount of total powder and is
1wt%~5wt%.In other embodiments, starch solution can be replaced with molasses, or with the mixed liquor of molasses and starch solution
Replace.
Step B, reduction roasting:The pelletizing drying that step A is obtained is then fed into reduction furnace to moisture content≤1.5wt%
Middle 1~3 layer of laying, roasting is carried out in reducing atmosphere wherein to pelletizing.After volatile matter and reduction are obtained after pelletizing is fired
Pelletizing.
It is above-mentioned the step of be dried to pelletizing, the pelletizing that humidity can be prevented larger be directly entered after reduction furnace occur it is quick-fried
Split phenomenon.The temperature that reduction roasting is carried out in reduction furnace is 1200~1300 DEG C, roasting time >=30min.Reducing roasting process
Ensure the reducing atmosphere in reduction furnace.
Step C, collection zinc powder and iron powder:The volatile matter that the reduction roasting of step B is obtained is drawn in outer wall water cooled pipeline
Carry out cooling collection.Include Zn steam in the volatile matter, after cooling is collected in the reducing atmosphere of isolation air, can obtain
The metal zinc of Zn grade > 50wt%.
Meanwhile, pelletizing carries out broken water quenching, ore grinding, magnetic separation separation after the reduction that reduction roasting in step B is obtained, and obtains
Metal iron powder and mine tailing.
Wherein, after reduction pelletizing Jing water quenching is broken, after ore grinding, granularity accounts for more than 90wt% for 200 mesh in the powder for obtaining.
The detached intensity of magnetic separation is 1000~1800Oe.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the TFe grade > 90wt% of metal iron powder are obtained, wherein TFe is all iron content.
Step D, prepare iron block and fritting mine tailing:The iron powder that step C is obtained is carried out into briquetting and obtains iron block.Meanwhile, by tail
Ore deposit, quick lime, three kinds of materials of bauxite are mixed, and then fritting obtains fritting mine tailing.
Wherein, briquetting specification when preparing iron block is Φ (100~150) × (30~60) ㎜.Briquetting is advised in the present invention
Lattice are not limited, and the purpose of briquetting is easy for the storage of iron powder, transports and use.
Pre melting process is carried out in molten point of stove, and prefusing temperature is 1200~1500 DEG C, and the fritting time is 20~40min.Its
In, the quality proportioning of each component is mine tailing:Quick lime:Bauxite=1:0.2~0.4:0.5~0.7.Also, quick lime and aluminium
The particle size range of alumina is 5~8 ㎜.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is >=90wt%, the Al in bauxite that the CaO in quick lime accounts for the percentage of quick lime2O3
The percentage for accounting for bauxite is >=75wt%.Wherein CaO and Al2O3CaO-Al can be formed in this step2O3Base refining slag, should
Refining slag has industrially realized ripe application.
The iron block that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained can be used as making steel cooling agent, and fritting mine tailing can be used as making steel refining agent.
Embodiment 1
By electric furnace dust (Fe2O3:43.81wt%, ZnO:4.23wt%), slag (CaO:48.32wt%), mill coal (C:
81.51wt%) it is ground respectively, the 72wt% of respective amount of powder is accounted for the powder that particle diameter is 200 mesh, then by three kinds of powder
It is 1 according to mass ratio:0.7:0.3 ratio is mixed with pelletizing.The reduction roasting 35min at 1230 DEG C, and it is cold to completely cut off air
But volatile matter is collected, the metal zinc that Zn grades are 54.33% is obtained.Pelletizing Jing water quenchings are broken after reduction, ore grinding, magnetic separation are separated
The metal iron powder that TFe grades are 90.3% is obtained afterwards, and iron powder briquetting is made into steel-making cooling agent.By mine tailing, quick lime, bauxite
According to 1:0.3:0.7 quality proportioning, carries out pre- being melting into steel-making refining agent at 1350 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
By electric furnace dust (Fe2O3:51.22wt%, ZnO:8.52wt%), slag (CaO:52.11wt%), mill coal (C:
80.51wt%) it is ground respectively, the 78wt% of respective amount of powder is accounted for the powder that particle diameter is 200 mesh, then by three kinds of powder
It is 1 according to mass ratio:0.6:0.4 ratio is mixed with pelletizing.The reduction roasting 40min at 1250 DEG C, and it is cold to completely cut off air
But volatile matter is collected, the metal zinc that Zn grades are 62.24% is obtained.Pelletizing Jing water quenchings are broken after reduction, ore grinding, magnetic separation are separated
The metal iron powder that TFe grades are 89.5% is obtained afterwards, and iron powder briquetting is made into steel-making cooling agent.By mine tailing, quick lime, bauxite
According to 1:0.4:0.6 quality proportioning, carries out pre- being melting into steel-making refining agent at 1380 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
By electric furnace dust (Fe2O3:52.43wt%, ZnO:8.67wt%), slag (CaO:54.28wt%), semi-coke (C:
80.92wt%) it is ground respectively, the 76wt% of respective amount of powder is accounted for the powder that particle diameter is 200 mesh, then by three kinds of powder
It is 1 according to mass ratio:0.5:0.5 ratio is mixed with pelletizing.The reduction roasting 45min at 1300 DEG C, and it is cold to completely cut off air
But volatile matter is collected, the metal zinc that Zn grades are 63.56% is obtained.Pelletizing Jing water quenchings are broken after reduction, ore grinding, magnetic separation are separated
The metal iron powder that TFe grades are 91.02% is obtained afterwards, and iron powder briquetting is made into steel-making cooling agent.By mine tailing, quick lime, aluminium alum
Soil is according to 1:0.4:0.6 quality proportioning, carries out pre- being melting into steel-making refining agent at 1500 DEG C.
The processing method of the electric furnace dust that the present invention is provided, is capable of achieving the recovery of Fe and Zn in electric furnace dust.Also, adopt
The higher slag of CaO content both can provide calcium source as reduction additive for Pre melting process, can return in reducing roasting process again
Receive Fe therein.The processing procedure, produces without secondary waste thing, and realizes that zero discards.
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only to illustrate rather than restriction originally
The scope of invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, it is right under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Modification or equivalent that the present invention is carried out, all should cover within the scope of the present invention.Additionally, indication unless the context
Outward, the word for occurring in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, unless stated otherwise, then any embodiment
All or part of can with reference to any other embodiment all or part of using.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of processing method of electric furnace dust, the method comprising the steps of:
Step A, electric furnace dust, slag, reducing agent are ground respectively, are mixed after grinding, pelletizing, pelletizing is obtained;
Step B, the pelletizing carry out reduction roasting, obtain pelletizing after volatile matter and reduction;
Step C, isolation air under conditions of, cooling collection is carried out to the volatile matter, obtain zinc powder;Pelletizing after the reduction
Jing water quenchings, ore grinding, magnetic separation are separated, and obtain iron powder and mine tailing;
Step D, the iron powder briquetting obtain iron block, and the mine tailing is mixed with quick lime and bauxite and fritting obtains fritting
Mine tailing.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric furnace dust, slag, the matter of reducing agent in the pelletizing
Measuring proportioning is:1:0.5~0.8:0.25~0.5.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature of the reduction roasting is set to 1200~1300 DEG C,
Time is set to >=30min.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric furnace dust, slag, reducing agent are ground respectively
After obtain powder, and it is >=70wt% that the powder of mesh number >=200 mesh accounts for the percentage of the powder.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Fe in the electric furnace dust2O3Content accounts for the electric furnace powder
Percentage >=the 40wt% of dirt, ZnO content accounts for the percentage≤10wt% of the electric furnace dust.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the C content in the reducing agent accounts for the hundred of the reducing agent
Divide ratio >=75wt%.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the reducing agent selects mill coal.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of the quick lime and the bauxite is 5~8
㎜。
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the CaO content in the slag accounts for the percentage of the slag
Than >=45wt%;CaO content in the quick lime accounts for the percentage >=90wt% of the quick lime.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mine tailing, quick lime, the quality proportioning of bauxite are
1:0.2~0.4:0.5~0.7;The prefusing temperature is set to 1300~1500 DEG C.
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Cited By (5)
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CN107746962A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-02 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The method for handling white cigarette dirt |
CN108531742A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-14 | 中南大学 | A method of Nano-Zinc and iron ore concentrate are prepared by electric furnace dust |
CN110066898A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-30 | 关宇 | A kind of process of blast furnace separation solid waste containing zinc |
CN113373318A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-10 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | High-alkalinity furnace charge for strengthening zinc recovery from zinc-containing electric furnace dust and method for recovering zinc by using high-alkalinity furnace charge |
CN115164202A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-11 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Multiphase coupling organic/heavy solid-containing waste cooperative treatment process, system and control method |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107746962A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-02 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The method for handling white cigarette dirt |
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CN110066898A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-30 | 关宇 | A kind of process of blast furnace separation solid waste containing zinc |
CN113373318A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-10 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | High-alkalinity furnace charge for strengthening zinc recovery from zinc-containing electric furnace dust and method for recovering zinc by using high-alkalinity furnace charge |
CN115164202A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-11 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Multiphase coupling organic/heavy solid-containing waste cooperative treatment process, system and control method |
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