CN110037835B - 一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物及其制造和植入方法 - Google Patents

一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物及其制造和植入方法 Download PDF

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CN110037835B
CN110037835B CN201910438903.0A CN201910438903A CN110037835B CN 110037835 B CN110037835 B CN 110037835B CN 201910438903 A CN201910438903 A CN 201910438903A CN 110037835 B CN110037835 B CN 110037835B
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CN110037835A (zh
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S·德雷德
G·C·马利克
S·L·里特兰
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Warsaw Plastic Surgery Co ltd
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Warsaw Plastic Surgery Co ltd
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Abstract

一种用于插入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物。该一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物能够从未膨胀构型移动至膨胀构型,并且可由3D打印机制造。该一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物包括上部部分、下部部分、近侧壁、第一远侧壁部分、第二远侧壁部分、以及由至少一个附接点连接到所述脊柱植入物的分离器。分离工具使分离器断开以脱离至少一个附接点,并且使分离器在植入物内移动以迫使所述植入物从未膨胀构型膨胀至膨胀构型。

Description

一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物及其制造和植入方法
本发明专利申请是国际申请号为PCT/US2015/065063,国际申请日为2015年12月10日,进入中国国家阶段的申请号为201580074038.6,名称为“一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物及其制造和植入方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在脊柱外科手术中使用的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物。更特别地,本发明涉及一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物,其用于植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中,并且可从未膨胀构型运动至膨胀构型。更具体而言,本发明涉及包括作为其一体部分而固定的部件的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物,该部件被构造成在将植入物植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中之后由插入工具断开,并且在植入物内移动以使植入物膨胀。本发明还涉及使用3D打印机制造的一体地形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物。
背景技术
可膨胀脊柱植入物是本领域已知的。这样的可膨胀脊柱植入物可被构造成最终具有脊柱前凸的渐缩构型,以有助于脊柱前凸的复位或增强。这样的植入物的膨胀能力允许将其通过患者体内相对较小的手术开口放入两个相邻椎骨之间的对应的手术增强的椎间盘间隙中。然后,植入物的膨胀提供了增加其在椎间盘间隙内的高度以有助于脊柱前凸的复位或增强的优点。然而,相关领域的可膨胀融合植入物具有某些缺点。
相关领域植入物通常使用传统制造方法制造成而具有多个部分,需要使用过量的材料(例如钛)来制造所有部件。例如,额外的制造材料的相当大一部分被铣削掉,以构造出限定植入物的各种必要部件。移除此类额外制造材料的需求既增加了制造成本,同时处于效率原因又需要批量制造植入物的各种部件。
此外,相关领域的植入物不是一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物,其被构造成在植入椎间盘间隙中之后通过将一个部分从植入物的剩余部分断开并使带有该部分的植入物膨胀而转化为多部件植入物。
发明内容
根据本发明,一种一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物被构造成插入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物包括上部部分,上部部分具有近端和相对的远端、上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面、以及至少一个开口,上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面从上部部分的至少近端附近延伸到至少远端附近,上部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的一个,上部部分内表面在上部部分近端和上部部分远端之间至少部分地下倾,所述至少一个开口在上部部分内表面和上部部分外表面之间被设置在上部部分中。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物包括下部部分,下部部分具有近端和相对的远端、下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面以及至少一个开口,下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面从下部部分的至少近端附近延伸到至少远端附近,下部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的另一个,下部部分内表面在下部部分近端和下部部分远端之间至少部分地下倾,所述至少一个开口在下部部分内表面和下部部分外表面之间被设置在下部部分中。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物还包括在上部部分和下部部分的部分之间的腔室。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物还包括近侧壁,近侧壁具有外表面和内表面以及在近侧壁的内表面和外表面之间设置在近侧壁中的孔口,近侧壁在上部部分和下部部分之间延伸,近侧壁具有最大高度,设置在近侧壁中的孔口与腔室连通。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物还包括第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分,第一远侧壁部分在上部部分的远端处附接到上部部分,第二远侧壁部分在下部部分的远端处附接到下部部分,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分具有小于近侧壁的最大高度的第一高度。
一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物还包括具有前部的分离器,分离器与上部部分内表面、下部部分内表面和近侧壁的内表面中的一个一体地形成。分离器被构造成通过插入工具从到脊柱植入物的剩余部分的至少一个附接点分开,从而将该植入物转化为多部件植入物,插入工具插入穿过近侧壁中的孔口并且与分离器的后部接触。插入工具还被构造成将分离器朝脊柱植入物的远端施力,并且在此过程中,迫使上部部分和下部部分彼此分开,以使脊柱植入物在椎间盘间隙中膨胀至膨胀构型,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分在膨胀构型下具有大于近侧壁的最大高度的第二高度。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种制造用于植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的方法。该方法包括:利用3D打印机铺设具有近端和相对的远端的上部部分的顺序层,上部部分具有上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面以及至少一个开口,上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面从至少上部部分近端附近延伸到至少上部部分远端附近,上部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的一个,上部部分内表面在上部部分近端和上部部分远端之间至少部分地下倾,所述至少一个开口被限定在上部部分内表面和上部部分外表面之间;利用3D打印机铺设具有近端和相对的远端的下部部分的顺序层,下部部分具有下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面以及至少一个开口,下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面从至少下部部分近端附近延伸到至少下部部分远端附近,下部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的另一个,下部部分内表面在下部部分近端和下部部分远端之间至少部分地上倾,所述至少一个开口被限定在下部部分内表面和下部部分外表面之间;利用3D打印机铺设近侧壁的顺序层,该近侧壁具有外表面和内表面以及在近侧壁的内表面和外表面之间设置在近侧壁中的孔口,近侧壁在上部部分和下部部分之间延伸,近侧壁具有最大高度,设置在近侧壁中的孔口与形成于上部部分内表面和下部部分内表面的部分之间的腔室连通;利用3D打印机铺设第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分的顺序层,第一远侧壁部分在上部部分的远端处附接到上部部分,第二远侧壁部分在下部部分的远端处附接到下部部分,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分具有小于近侧壁的最大高度的第一高度;以及,利用3D打印机铺设包括前部的分离器的顺序层,分离器通过至少一个附接点与上部部分内表面、下部部分内表面和近侧壁的内表面中的一个一体地形成;其中,分离器被构造成从所述至少一个附接点分开,并且沿着下部部分内表面的至少一部分和上部部分内表面的至少一部分朝第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分运动,以使上部部分和下部部分彼此分离地运动至膨胀构型,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分在膨胀构型下具有大于近侧壁的最大高度的第二高度。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种将一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的方法。该方法包括:利用一体地形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物,该植入物包括:上部部分,其具有近端、相对的远端、上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面以及至少一个开口,上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面从至少上部部分近端附近延伸到至少上部部分远端附近,上部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的一个,上部部分内表面在上部部分近端和上部部分远端之间至少部分地下倾,所述至少一个开口被限定在上部部分内表面和上部部分外表面之间;下部部分,其具有近端、相对的远端、下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面以及至少一个开口,下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面从至少下部部分近端附近延伸到至少下部部分远端附近,下部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的另一个,下部部分内表面在下部部分近端和下部部分远端之间至少部分地下倾,所述至少一个开口被限定在下部部分内表面和下部部分外表面之间;近侧壁,其具有外表面和内表面以及孔口,近侧壁在上部部分和下部部分之间延伸,近侧壁具有最大高度,所述孔口在近侧壁的内表面和外表面之间设置在近侧壁中;腔室,其形成于上部部分内表面、下部部分内表面和近侧壁的内表面的部分之间,形成于近侧壁中的孔口与该腔室连通;第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分,第一远侧壁部分在上部部分的远端处附接到上部部分,第二远侧壁部分在下部部分的远端处附接到下部部分,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分具有小于近侧壁的最大高度的第一高度;和包括前部的分离器,分离器通过至少一个附接点与上部部分内表面、下部部分内表面和近侧壁的内表面中的一个一体形成;其中,分离器被构造成与所述至少一个附接点分开,并且沿着下部部分内表面的至少一部分和上部部分内表面的至少一部分朝第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分运动,以使上部部分和下部部分彼此分开地运动至膨胀构型,第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分在膨胀构型下具有大于近侧壁的最大高度的第二高度;将脊柱植入物插入椎间盘间隙中;将插入工具插入穿过限定在近侧壁中的孔口并与分离器接触;利用插入工具将力施加到分离器以断开所述至少一个附接点;以及沿着上部部分内表面和下部部分内表面朝向第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部对分离器分施力,以使上部部分和下部部分彼此分开地运动至膨胀构型。
附图说明
并入本说明书中并组成其一部分的附图展示了本发明的优选实施例,并且与此描述一起用来说明本发明的目的、优点和原理。在附图中:
图1是处于未膨胀构型的根据本发明的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的后视立体图;
图2是处于未膨胀构型的图1的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的前视立体图;
图3是处于未膨胀构型的图1和图2的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的侧视图;
图4是根据本发明的构造成有助于插入脊柱植入物的插入器械的立体图,该插入器械被描绘为附接有图1-3的脊柱植入物;
图5是图4的插入器械的前端和图1-3的脊柱植入物的后端的立体图,示出了将插入器械的前端插入脊柱植入物的后端内的可能性;
图6是彼此附接的图1-3的脊柱植入物和图4的插入器械沿着图4的线6-6的剖视图;
图7是彼此附接的图1-3的脊柱植入物和图4的插入器械沿着图4的线7-7的侧剖视图;
图8是从图7放大的侧剖视图,示出了在脊柱植入物从未膨胀构型膨胀至膨胀构型之前附接到图4的插入器械的图1-3的脊柱植入物,其使用插入器械将分离器从脊柱植入物的剩余部分断开并使分离器在脊柱植入物内部运动以有利于其膨胀;
图9是类似于图8的侧剖视图,示出了在使用分离器使脊柱植入物膨胀至膨胀构型之后附接到图4的插入器械的图1-3的脊柱植入物;
图10是处于未膨胀构型的根据本发明的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的另一个实施例的后视立体图;
图11是处于未膨胀构型的图10的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的前视立体图;
图12是在脊柱植入物从未膨胀构型膨胀至膨胀构型之前的图10和图11的脊柱植入物的侧剖视图,其使用插入器械将分离器从脊柱植入物的剩余部分断开并使分离器在脊柱植入物内部运动以便于其膨胀;
图13是类似于图12的侧剖视图,示出了在使用分离器被膨胀至膨胀构型之后的图10和图11的脊柱植入物;
图14是处于未膨胀构型的根据本发明的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的又一个实施例的后视立体图;
图15是处于未膨胀构型的图14的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的前视立体图;
图16是在脊柱植入物从未膨胀构型膨胀至膨胀构型之前的图14和图15的脊柱植入物的侧剖视图,其使用插入器械将分离器从脊柱植入物的剩余部分断开并使分离器在脊柱植入物内部运动以便于其膨胀;以及
图17是类似于图16的侧剖视图,示出了在使用分离器膨胀至膨胀构型之后的图14和图15的脊柱植入物。
具体实施方式
根据本发明,一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物10的第一实施例在图1-9中描绘。根据本发明,一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物110的第二实施例在图10-13中描绘,并且一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物210的第三实施例在图14-17中描绘。如下文所讨论的,脊柱植入物10、110和210中的每一个形成为单个零件/部件。类似的数字用来描述一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物10、110和210的类似特征。
脊柱植入物10、110和210可用作融合植入物,并且被构造用于置于两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中。脊柱植入物10、110和210可填充有融合促进材料,以便于它们作为脊柱融合器来使用。为此,脊柱植入物10、110和210包括内部腔体(或腔室)C,以用于在其中容纳融合促进材料。此外,如下文所讨论的,脊柱植入物10、110和210可从未膨胀构型运动至膨胀构型。在此过程中,植入物10、110和210可用来在两个相邻椎骨之间产生对应于天然存在的生理脊柱前凸的角向关系。
如在图1-3中所描绘的,脊柱植入物10包括彼此相对的近端12和远端14以及延伸穿过近端12和远端14的中心纵向轴线X-X。脊柱植入物10包括上部部分20,上部部分20具有近端22、与近端22相对的远端24、上部部分外表面26、上部部分内表面28、以及设置在上部部分外表面26和上部部分内表面28之间的多个孔口29。此外,脊柱植入物10包括下部部分30,下部部分30具有近端32、与近端32相对的远端34、下部部分外表面36、下部部分内表面38、以及设置在下部部分外表面36和下部部分内表面38之间的多个孔口39。
上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38部分地限定脊柱植入物10的内部腔体(或腔室)C。如图3所描绘的,上部部分内表面28从近端22附近下倾至远端24附近,并且下部部分内表面38从近端32附近上倾至远端34附近。上部部分外表面26和下部部分外表面36可分别包括表面粗糙部27和37。表面粗糙部27和37可用来接合相邻椎骨以抑制脊柱植入物10在其植入之后在椎间盘间隙中的移动。
如图1所描绘的,脊柱植入物10包括在其近端12处的近侧壁40。近侧壁40在上部部分20和下部部分30之间延伸。近侧壁40包括上边缘部分42和下边缘部分44,上部部分20的近端22附接到上边缘部分42,下部部分30的近端32附接到下边缘部分44。近侧壁40还包括外表面46和内表面47。近侧壁40具有高度H1(图8)和限定在其中的孔口48,孔口48被定位在上边缘42和下边缘44之间。孔口48在外表面46和内表面47之间延伸,并且内表面47(具有上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38)部分地限定脊柱植入物10的内部腔体C。
如图2所描绘的,脊柱植入物10包括在其远端14处的第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52。第一远侧壁部分50附接在上部部分20的远端24处,并且第二远侧壁部分52附接在下部部分30的远端34处。第一远侧壁部分50从上部部分20向下悬置,并且第二远侧壁部分52从下部部分30向上悬置。第二远侧壁部分52包括侧部部分54和55,侧部部分54和55之间限定有凹口56。凹口56尺寸设计成,当脊柱植入物10处于未膨胀构型时在其中接纳第一远侧壁部分50。
如图8所描绘的,第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52共同具有高度H2。高度H2对应于脊柱植入物10的未膨胀构型。高度H2小于近侧壁40的高度H1,因此,植入物10在其未膨胀构型下具有总体渐缩的楔形轮廓。总体渐缩的楔形轮廓有利于将脊柱植入物10插入椎间盘间隙中。
脊柱植入物10包括分离器60,其最初作为为脊柱植入物10的一体部分而被附接。如图8所描绘的,分离器60初始地附接到靠近近侧壁40的脊柱植入物10的剩余部分。例如,分离器60可附接到上部部分内表面28、下部部分内表面38和近侧壁40的内表面47中的一个。分离器60由至少一个杆附接到上部部分20的上部部分内表面28并从上部部分内表面28悬垂。一个或多个杆68可用于附接到上部部分内表面28和从上部部分内表面28悬垂,或者备选地或除此之外,一个或多个杆68可用于从下部部分内表面38和/或近侧壁40的内表面47附接到分离器60和从分离器60悬垂。
如下文所讨论的,两个杆68可断开,以使得分离器60可从上部部分内表面28分离。然后,分离器60可沿着上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38运动。考虑到上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38的倾斜,分离器60朝脊柱植入物10的远端14的运动使得上部部分20和下部部分30彼此远离。在此过程中,脊柱植入物10可从未膨胀构型(图8)运动至膨胀构型(图9)。
分离器60包括后部62和前部64。后部62靠近近侧壁40定位,并且前部64从后部62的上端和下端朝着第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52伸出。如图3所描绘的,后部62为平坦的,并且前部64为部分圆柱形的。此外,后部62之中包括带螺纹的孔口65。另外如图3所描绘的,延伸部分66从前部64朝第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52伸出。然而,本发明不限于具有上述构型的分离器60。例如,分别结合脊柱植入物110和210所使用的分离器160和260具有不同构型。
如图1、图2、图3、图8和图9所描绘的,上部部分20和下部部分30还包括在靠近第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52处限定在上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38中的大体上凹面的凹陷70。大体上凹面的凹陷70的形状可与分离器60的前部64的形状互补。因此,前部64在大体上凹面的凹陷70中的接纳可用来抑制分离器60朝脊柱植入物10的远端14的进一步移动。此外,当前部64被接纳在大体上凹面的凹陷70中时,延伸部分66在第二远侧壁部分52的侧部部分54和55之间的凹口56中的接纳可用来抑制分离器60的侧向移动。因此,分离器60可朝远端14运动以将脊柱植入物10从未膨胀构型移动至膨胀构型,并且最终运动至座置接合在大体上凹面的凹陷70和凹口56中,以使脊柱植入物10保持在膨胀构型。
如图9所描绘的,第一远侧壁部分50和第二远侧壁部分52共同具有高度H3。高度H3对应于脊柱植入物10的膨胀构型。高度H3大于近侧壁40的高度H1。因此,脊柱植入物10可插入具有总体渐缩的楔形轮廓(未膨胀构型)的椎间盘间隙中,然后,远端14可从高度H2膨胀至高度H3,以在两个相邻椎骨之间产生对应于天然存在的生理脊柱前凸的角向关系。
提供插入工具80来用于方便将脊柱植入物10插入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中,并且便于脊柱植入物10在插入之后从未膨胀构型膨胀至膨胀构型。此外,在植入物10植入椎间盘间隙中之后,插入工具80的构型有助于分离器60从杆68(其将分离器60附接到植入物10)的断开以及分离器60沿着上部部分内表面28和下部部分内表面38朝脊柱植入物10的远端14的运动。如上文所讨论的,分离器60的这种运动用来通过使上部部分20和下部部分30彼此分离而使植入物10膨胀。
插入工具80包括构造成由外科医生抓握的柄部部分82和构造成与分离器60配合的操作部分84。操作部分84限定大体上横向于柄部部分82定向的轴线Y-Y。如图8和图9所描绘的,当插入工具80被施加到脊柱植入物10时,操作部分84的轴线Y-Y与脊柱植入物10的轴线X-X大体上同轴。
如图4所描绘的,操作部分84包括彼此相对的近端86和远端87。此外,操作部分84包括主体部分88、旋钮部分90、细长的轴部分92和可相对于轴部分92运动的细长的棒部分94。如图4所描绘的,旋钮部分90包括近端86并且从主体部分88朝近端86延伸,并且轴部分92包括远端87并且从主体部分88朝远端87延伸。棒部分94从主体部分88朝远端87延伸并且能够延伸超出远端87。轴部分92包括孔口95,以用于接纳穿过其中的棒部分94,棒部分94从主体部分88朝远端87延伸。在将旋钮部分90插入主体部分88之前,棒部分94被手动地或经由另一个工具(未示出)推进至与脊柱植入物10接合。
轴部分92沿着轴线Y-Y部分地分裂,并且包括带有第一凸缘97的第一臂部分96和带有第二凸缘99的第二臂部分98。第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99设置在操作部分84的远端87处。第一臂部分96和第二臂部分98(以及第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99)被朝轴线Y-Y偏置,并且第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99能够从脱离位置运动至接合位置。
棒部分94从在第一臂96和第二臂98之间的孔口95朝远端87延伸。棒部分94在轴部分92内朝远端87的运动使两个凸缘97和99彼此分离地运动。在此过程中,第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99可从脱离位置运动至接合位置。如图5所描绘的,当处于脱离位置时,第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99可穿过形成于近侧壁40中的孔口48而被接纳。然后,第一凸缘97和第二凸缘99从脱离位置向接合位置的运动用来使凸缘97和99彼此分离而膨胀并与孔口48的侧面接触。如图6所描绘的,这样的接触用来将脊柱植入物10保持在插入工具80的操作部分84的远端87上。棒部分94包括端部部分100,端部部分100上设置有螺纹102,并且螺纹102运动至与分离器60接合。在此过程中,如图8和图9所描绘的,端部部分100和螺纹102被接纳在分离器60的后部62中的带螺纹的孔口65中并被旋转至接合。如图7所描绘的,在脊柱植入物10由插入工具80保持且旋钮部分90接合到主体部分88的情况下,插入工具80可用来将脊柱植入物10插入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中。
在旋钮部分90接合到主体部分88的情况下,旋钮部分90的运动用来操纵棒部分94。例如,旋钮部分90的旋转线性地推进棒部分94,并且旋钮部分90沿着轴线Y-Y的运动导致棒部分沿着轴线Y-Y的运动。
旋钮部分90的进一步运动可导致棒部分94沿着轴线Y-Y的进一步运动。棒部分94的这样的运动抵靠分离器60施加压力,并且施加到分离器60的这样的压力可使分离器60断开,以摆脱其与脊柱植入物10的剩余部分的附接。例如,这样的压力可使两个杆68断开,以将分离器60从其与上部部分内表面28的附接和从上部部分内表面28的悬垂释放。一旦与脊柱植入物10的剩余部分分开,分离器60可由棒部分94(通过旋钮部分90的移动)沿着内表面28的上部部分和内表面38的下部部分朝远端14移动。如上文所讨论的,这样的移动迫使上部部分20和下部部分30彼此分开,从而使脊柱植入物10可从未膨胀构型(图8)移动至膨胀构型(图9)。最终,分离器60被棒部分94移动至座置接合在大体上凹面的凹陷70和凹口56中,以将脊柱植入物10保持在膨胀构型。
在脊柱植入物10已被植入、通过分离器60的运动从未膨胀位置移动至膨胀位置、并且插入工具80从脊柱植入物10脱开之后,可用融合促进材料填充内部腔体C以有利于其用作脊柱融合器。例如,融合促进材料可通过近侧壁40中的孔口48插入内部腔体C中。
如上文所讨论的,一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物110的第二实施例在图10-13中描绘,并且一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物210的第三实施例在图14-17中描绘。与用来描述脊柱植入物10的特征的数字类似的数字也用来描述脊柱植入物110和210的特征。类似于脊柱植入物10,脊柱植入物110和210可从未膨胀构型(图12和图16)运动至膨胀构型(图13和图17)。
本发明还包括一种使用3D打印机制造一体形成可膨胀脊柱植入物10、110和210的方法,所述植入物具有上文所述结构特征。该方法包括:通过利用激光器选择性地烧结钛粉的层以产生每个部件的顺序层而形成一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物10、110和210的上述部件中的每一个的顺序层。钛粉被施加,并且后续层被烧结,直到制成每个相应的成品部件和最终如上文所公开那样构造的最终的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物10、110和210。优选地,钛粉由粉末分配机构提供,并且激光由用CAD数据编程的计算机来控制,CAD数据描绘了如上所述的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物10、110和210的每个部分的构型。3D打印机使用的制造过程的完整的示例性描述公开于美国专利5,639,070中,该专利的内容以引用方式并入本文中。
通过考虑说明书和实践本文所公开的本发明,其它实施例对于本领域的技术人员将显而易见。说明书和示例旨在仅被看作是示例性的,本发明的真正范围和精神由所附权利要求指示。

Claims (20)

1.一种制造用于植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的方法,所述方法包括:
利用3D打印机来铺设具有近端和相对的远端的上部部分的顺序层,所述上部部分具有上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面,所述上部部分外表面和所述上部部分内表面从至少所述上部部分近端附近延伸到至少所述上部部分远端附近,所述上部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的一个;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设具有近端和相对的远端的下部部分的顺序层,所述下部部分具有下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面,所述下部部分外表面和所述下部部分内表面从至少所述下部部分近端附近延伸到至少所述下部部分远端附近,所述下部部分外表面被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的另一个;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设具有外表面和内表面的近侧壁的顺序层,所述近侧壁在所述上部部分和所述下部部分之间延伸,所述近侧壁具有最大高度以及在所述近侧壁的所述内表面和所述外表面之间设置在所述近侧壁中的孔口,设置在所述近侧壁中的所述孔口与形成于所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的部分之间的腔室连通;以及
利用所述3D打印机来铺设包括前部的分离器的顺序层,所述分离器通过至少一个附接点与所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述近侧壁的所述内表面中的一个一体形成;
其中,所述分离器被构造成从所述至少一个附接点分开,并且沿着所述下部部分内表面的至少一部分和所述上部部分内表面的至少一部分远离所述近侧壁地运动,以使所述上部部分和所述下部部分彼此分开地运动至膨胀构型,在所述膨胀构型下远离所述近侧壁而测量的高度大于所述近侧壁的所述最大高度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述3D打印机用钛粉来制造所述一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括利用所述3D打印机来铺设插入工具的顺序层,所述插入工具被构造成将所述分离器从所述至少一个附接点分离,并且使所述分离器沿着所述下部部分内表面和所述上部部分内表面的所述部分进行运动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括利用所述3D打印机在所述上部部分内表面和所述上部部分外表面之间形成至少一个开口。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括利用所述3D打印机在所述下部部分内表面和所述下部部分外表面之间形成至少一个开口。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述分离器通过所述至少一个附接点可分离地附接于所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述近侧壁的所述内表面中的一个。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,还包括提供插入工具,所述插入工具构造成插入穿过所述近侧壁中的所述孔口,并与所述分离器相接触,以使所述分离器从所述至少一个附接点断开,并使所述分离器从所述近侧壁移开。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述分离器包括孔口,且所述插入工具包括远端,所述远端构造成装配到所述分离器的所述孔口中。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述上部部分内表面包括凹入部分,且所述下部部分内表面包括凹入部分。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的所述凹入部分构造成将所述分离器的部分容纳于其中,所述凹入部分阻碍所述分离器沿所述下部部分内表面和所述上部部分内表面的进一步运动。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述腔室的至少在所述上部部分和所述下部部分之间的部分构造成将骨生长材料接纳于其中。
12.一种制造用于植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的方法,所述方法包括:
利用3D打印机来铺设具有近端和相对的远端的上部部分的顺序层,所述上部部分具有上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面,所述上部部分外表面和所述上部部分内表面从至少所述上部部分近端附近延伸到至少所述上部部分远端附近;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设具有近端和相对的远端的下部部分的顺序层,所述下部部分具有下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面,所述下部部分外表面和所述下部部分内表面从至少所述下部部分近端附近延伸到至少所述下部部分远端附近;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设具有外表面和内表面的近侧壁的顺序层,所述近侧壁在所述上部部分和所述下部部分之间延伸,所述近侧壁具有最大高度以及在所述近侧壁的所述内表面和所述外表面之间设置在所述近侧壁中的孔口,设置在所述近侧壁中的所述孔口与形成于所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的部分之间的腔室连通;
以及利用所述3D打印机来铺设包括前部的分离器的顺序层,所述分离器通过至少一个附接点与所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述近侧壁的所述内表面中的一个一体形成;
其中,所述分离器被构造成从所述至少一个附接点分开,并且沿着所述下部部分内表面的至少一部分和所述上部部分内表面的至少一部分远离所述近侧壁地运动,以使所述上部部分和所述下部部分彼此分开地运动至膨胀构型,在所述膨胀构型下远离所述近侧壁而测量的高度大于所述近侧壁的所述最大高度。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述3D打印机用钛粉来制造所述一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述分离器通过所述至少一个附接点可分离地附接于所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述近侧壁的所述内表面中的一个。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,还包括提供插入工具,所述插入工具构造成插入穿过所述近侧壁中的所述孔口,并与所述分离器相接触,以使所述分离器从所述至少一个附接点断开,并使所述分离器朝向第一远侧壁部分和第二远侧壁部分运动,所述第一远侧壁部分在所述上部部分的远端处附接到所述上部部分,所述第二远侧壁部分在所述下部部分的远端处附接到所述下部部分。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述上部部分内表面包括凹入部分,且所述下部部分内表面包括凹入部分。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的所述凹入部分构造成将所述分离器的部分容纳于其中,所述凹入部分阻碍所述分离器沿所述下部部分内表面和所述上部部分内表面的进一步运动。
18.一种制造用于植入两个相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙中的一体形成的可膨胀脊柱植入物的方法,所述方法包括:
利用3D打印机来铺设上部部分的顺序层,所述上部部分具有上部部分外表面和上部部分内表面,至少所述上部部分外表面的一部分被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的一个;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设下部部分的顺序层,所述下部部分具有下部部分外表面和下部部分内表面,至少所述下部部分外表面的一部分被构造成接触所述两个相邻椎骨中的另一个;
利用所述3D打印机来铺设在所述上部部分和所述下部部分之间延伸的壁的顺序层,从所述上部部分且穿过所述壁到所述下部部分测量得到最大高度,以及在所述壁的内表面和外表面之间设置有在所述壁中的孔口,设置在所述壁中的所述孔口与形成于所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的部分之间的腔室连通;以及
利用所述3D打印机来铺设包括前部的分离器的顺序层,所述分离器通过至少一个附接点与所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述壁中的一个一体形成;
其中,所述分离器被构造成从所述至少一个附接点分开,并且沿着所述下部部分内表面的至少一部分和所述上部部分内表面的至少一部分运动,以使所述上部部分和所述下部部分彼此分开地运动至膨胀构型。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述分离器通过所述至少一个附接点可分离地附接于所述上部部分内表面、所述下部部分内表面和所述壁中的一个。
20.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述上部部分内表面包括凹入部分,且所述下部部分内表面包括凹入部分,以及其中所述上部部分内表面和所述下部部分内表面的所述凹入部分构造成将所述分离器的部分容纳于其中,所述凹入部分阻碍所述分离器沿所述下部部分内表面和所述上部部分内表面的进一步运动。
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US10850193B2 (en) 2020-12-01
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US20180193739A1 (en) 2018-07-12
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