CN110028793B - Organic silicon elastomer, preparation method thereof and organic silicon elastomer gel containing same - Google Patents
Organic silicon elastomer, preparation method thereof and organic silicon elastomer gel containing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a silicone elastomer, a preparation method thereof and a silicone elastomer gel containing the same. The raw materials for preparing the silicone elastomer comprise: the component a contains organic hydrogen polysiloxane with at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule, the component b contains unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with average unsaturated group number more than 1 in the molecule, the component c contains polysiloxane with at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in the molecule, the component d contains unsaturated polyether and the component e contains hydrosilylation catalyst. The silicone elastomer gel includes a carrier fluid and particles of the silicone elastomer dispersed therein. The organic silicon elastomer gel provided by the invention has good compatibility with grease, can absorb water for self-emulsification, is used in aqueous care products or cosmetics, and has good oleophilic organic silicon, transparency, spreadability, powdery, silky and moist skin feel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic silicon materials, and particularly relates to an organic silicon elastomer, a preparation method thereof and an organic silicon elastomer gel containing the same.
Background
The silicone elastomer gel has special physical properties, so that the silicone elastomer gel can enable the product to obtain smooth and velvet-like touch feeling when being used in personal care products, can effectively change the viscosity of the product and provide film-forming feeling, is widely used in various fields such as skin care, color cosmetics and the like, and has great market demand.
The silicone elastomer is generally produced by a crosslinking reaction between a polysiloxane containing an Si — H unit and a compound containing an unsaturated group such as a vinyl group. CN 1177615a discloses an elastomer gel containing volatile low molecular weight siloxane, using linear polysiloxane containing unsaturated hydrocarbon group and hydrogen-containing MQ silicone resin as raw materials, and CN 106633076a discloses a silicone elastomer gel and a preparation method thereof, using organohydrogenpolysiloxane and divinyl-terminated polysiloxane as raw materials. Both are silicone elastomer gels formed by first preparing a relatively hard silicone elastomer by cross-linking a polysiloxane in the presence of a carrier fluid and then dispersing the elastomer into small particles under shear. The skin feel of the product is thick and heavy, and the product is usually semitransparent.
CN 108003353A discloses daily chemical organosilicon elastomer powder and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the daily chemical organosilicon elastomer powder takes hydrogenpolysiloxane and divinyl end-capped unsaturated compounds as raw materials, small organosilicon elastomer particles are prepared by an emulsion polymerization method, and a carrier solvent is added for swelling to form elastomer gel. The product has strong silky feeling, but poor transparency.
Furthermore, the above silicone elastomers all use unsaturated polysiloxanes as cross-linking agents, which have poor ability to absorb carrier fluids to form gels. In addition, additives such as oils, waxes, and active substances are generally added to personal care products or cosmetics, and the silicone elastomer gel has poor compatibility with the additives, which affects the quality of the products.
In addition, some of the current personal care products are aqueous systems, which also require some hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer gel. CN 101808610a discloses a personal care composition containing a silicone-organic gel derived from a polyoxyalkylene cross-linked silicone elastomer, CN 102271655a discloses a silicone paste composition, and CN 101432340a discloses a silicone polyether elastomer gel, all using an unsaturated polyether as a cross-linking agent, prepared by reaction with an organohydrogenpolysiloxane. CN 1185314A, CN 1169515C is used for thickening hydrogen-containing silicone oil by using unsaturated polyether in the presence of an organic solvent, and then the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is reacted with a cross-linking agent after the solvent is removed to prepare gel. Although such silicone elastomer gels have good hydrophilicity, the samples often exhibit slight milky or milky color, poor transparency, poor skin feel, and gels having a characteristic polyether odor or organic solvent odor, which is undesirable for product applications.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a silicone elastomer gel having a combination of good oleophilic-lipid properties, hydrophilicity, and transparency to suit the needs of different types of care or cosmetic applications.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a silicone elastomer, a preparation method thereof and a silicone elastomer gel containing the same. The organic silicon elastomer gel has good compatibility with grease, can absorb water for self-emulsification, is used in aqueous care products or cosmetics, and has good organic silicon oleophilicity, transparency, spreadability, and powdery, silky and moist skin feel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a silicone elastomer prepared from the following raw materials:
a component a: an organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule;
and b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of greater than 1;
and c, component (a): a polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule;
and (d) component: an unsaturated polyether;
e, component (a): a hydrosilylation catalyst;
the molar ratio of Si-H units in the component a to unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is 0.7-3: 1; the molar ratio of unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is 0.5-1.5: 1; the molar ratio of Si-H units in the a component to unsaturated groups in the d component is 1-20: 1.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the Si — H units in the a component to the unsaturated groups in the b and c components may be 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1, 1.5:1, 1.6:1, 1.7:1, 1.8:1, 1.9:1, 2.2:1, 2.3:1, 2.5:1, 2.6:1, 2.8:1, or 3:1, etc.;
the molar ratio of unsaturated groups in the b component and the c component may be 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1, or 1.5:1, etc.;
the molar ratio of Si-H units in the a component to unsaturated groups in the d component may be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 5.5:1, 6:1, 6.5:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, 8:1, 8.5:1, 9:1, 9.5:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, or 20:1, etc.
According to the invention, the components are used as raw materials, and Si-H in the organohydrogenpolysiloxane can generate addition reaction with unsaturated groups such as carbon-carbon double bonds and the like under the action of a hydrosilylation catalyst to crosslink, so that the organic silicon elastomer is formed. Through the mutual matching of the raw materials, the obtained organic silicon elastomer has good compatibility with grease, good hydrophilicity and transparent texture, and is conveniently used in various nursing products or cosmetic formulas.
The ratio of Si-H units and unsaturated groups in the a, b, and c components directly affects the degree of crosslinking of the silicone elastomer. If the proportion of unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is too high, the crosslinking degree of the silicone elastomer is too low, the strength is poor, the product is greasy, the skin feel is poor, and even the silicone elastomer gel is difficult to prepare; if the proportion of unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is too low, the crosslinking degree of the silicone elastomer is too high, and particles formed after shear dispersion are hard and poor in skin feel. The invention is beneficial to endowing the silicone elastomer gel with powdery and silky skin feel by selecting the proper proportion of the Si-H unit and the unsaturated group.
The component c can form a cross-linked network structure with the organohydrogenpolysiloxane, the polysiloxane containing unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon has longer chain length, and a cross-linked system after the component c reacts with the organohydrogenpolysiloxane can provide larger space, so that the elasticity of the organosilicon elastomer is improved, and the comfort is improved. However, if the content is too high, the reaction of the organohydrogenpolysiloxane with the unsaturated polyether is not favored, thereby affecting the hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer. Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons contribute to improving the compatibility of silicone elastomers with oils and fats, but silicone products such as silicone oils are generally added in a large amount in care products or cosmetics to which the silicone elastomers are applied, and if the content of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons is too large, the compatibility of the resulting silicone elastomer with the silicone oil is deteriorated.
The unsaturated polyether is beneficial to improving the hydrophilicity of the organic silicon elastomer, and if the adding amount of the unsaturated polyether is too small, the hydrophilicity of the obtained organic silicon elastomer is poor; however, if the amount of the silicone elastomer added is too large, the transparency of the silicone elastomer is poor.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the structural formula of the organic hydrogen polysiloxane is R3SiO(R1R2SiO)y(R1HSiO)zSiR3；
Wherein R is1、R2Each independently is phenyl or alkyl containing 1-20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, or 20, etc.) carbon atoms;
r is a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group, or an alkyl group containing 1-20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, or 20, etc.) carbon atoms;
y is an integer from 0 to 400, and may be, for example, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, 250, 300, 350, or 400, etc.;
z is an integer from 3 to 200, and may be, for example, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 30, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 180, or 200, etc.
Preferably, the weight percentage of H in the Si-H unit in the a component is 0.05-0.9%; for example, it may be 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, or 0.9%, etc.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the b component is b1 component or a mixture of b1 component and b2 component, the b1 component is an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups in a molecule, and the b2 component is a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing one unsaturated group in a molecule.
Preferably, the b1 component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of diene, diyne or enyne compounds having 6-20 (e.g., 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20) carbon atoms in the molecule.
Preferably, the b1 component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of 1, 7-octadiene, 1, 9-decadiene, 1, 11-dodecadiene, 1, 13-tetradecadiene, 1, 19-eicosadiene and 1, 5-hexadiyne.
Preferably, the b2 component is selected from mono-olefins or mono-alkynes containing 10-18 carbon atoms in the molecule.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the b2 component to the b1 component is less than 0.3: 1.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon b1 component containing a plurality of unsaturated groups generally has heavier smell, and if the aliphatic hydrocarbon b1 component is added too much, the quality of the product is affected; by replacing a part of the b1 component with the b2 component, the compatibility of the silicone elastomer with grease is ensured, and the odor of the silicone elastomer is reduced. However, if the content of the b2 component is too high, the degree of crosslinking of the silicone elastomer is lowered, and the skin feel of the silicone elastomer gel is affected.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the c component is one or a combination of at least two selected from the group consisting of polymers having the following structures of formula I or formula II:
in the formulae I and II, R3Is a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group;
u is an integer of 10 to 400, and may be, for example, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, 220, 250, 280, 300, 320, 350, 380, or 400, etc.;
v is an integer from 2 to 20 and may be, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 or 20.
Preferably, R3Is selected from CH2＝CH-、CH2＝CHCH2-、CH2＝C(CH3)CH2-or CH ≡ C-.
Preferably, u in formula I and formula II is an integer from 10 to 300.
Preferably, the molar ratio of Si-H units in the a-component to unsaturated groups in the b-and c-components is 0.9-2: 1.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the d component is one or a combination of at least two selected from the group consisting of polymers having the following structure of formula III:
in the formula III, R4Is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group;
R5one selected from hydroxyl, allyloxy, alkoxy containing 1 to 20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, or 20, etc.) carbon atoms, or ester containing 1 to 20 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, or 20, etc.) carbon atoms;
n and m are integers not less than 0, and n + m is 4 to 50.
In the present invention, the component d may be one or more of the compounds having the structure of formula III. For a particular unsaturated polyether, the molecular chain may be free of ethylene glycol units or propylene glycol units, i.e., n or m may be 0.
Preferably, R4Is allyl.
Preferably, n + m is 8 to 20.
Preferably, the molar ratio of ethylene glycol units to propylene glycol units in the d component is 0.8-14:1, and may be, for example, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, 4.5:1, 5:1, 5.5:1, 6:1, 6.5:1, 7:1, 7.5:1, 8:1, 8.5:1, 9:1, 9.5:1, 10:1, 10.5:1, 11:1, 11.5:1, 12:1, 12.5:1, 13:1, 13.5:1, or 14: 1; further preferably 2-9: 1.
The unsaturated polyether helps to increase the hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer. The more ethylene glycol units in the component d, the better the hydrophilicity is, but the reactivity is poorer; the more propylene glycol units in the d component, the better the reactivity, but the less hydrophilic. The invention optimizes the proportion of the ethylene glycol unit and the propylene glycol unit in the component d, thereby not only ensuring the hydrophilicity of the organic silicon elastomer, but also ensuring the full reaction.
Preferably, the number of the unsaturated polyethers in the d component is not more than 3, and the molar content of any one unsaturated polyether in the d component is not less than 5%.
Most polyether products have slight odor, and due to different reaction activities of different polyethers, reaction rate is unstable due to excessive varieties, and conversion efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, the molar ratio of Si-H units in the a-component to unsaturated groups in the d-component is 5-10: 1.
Although the unsaturated polyether contributes to increase of hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer, if the amount added is too large, the transparency of the silicone elastomer is poor.
Preferably, the e component is selected from chloroplatinic acid, platinum black, or a complex of chloroplatinic acid and an unsaturated silicone.
Preferably, the mass fraction of platinum atoms in the component e to the total mass of the component a, the component b, the component c and the component d is 1-1000 ppm; for example, it may be 1ppm, 5ppm, 10ppm, 20ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm, 300ppm, 500ppm, 600ppm, 800ppm or 1000 ppm.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of the above silicone elastomer, where the preparation method is:
and mixing the component a, the component b, the component c, the component d and the component e, and heating for reaction to obtain the organic silicon elastomer.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mixing method comprises: mixing the component a, component b, component c and component d at room temperature, heating to 35-60 deg.C (such as 35 deg.C, 38 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 42 deg.C, 45 deg.C, 48 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 52 deg.C, 55 deg.C, 58 deg.C or 60 deg.C), adding the component e, and mixing.
Unless otherwise specified, the term "normal temperature" in the present invention means 20 to 23 ℃. According to the invention, no solvent is added in the process of preparing the organic silicon elastomer, the raw materials are not easy to disperse, and the component a, the component b, the component c and the component d are mixed at normal temperature and then heated to be mixed with the component e, so that the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and the full reaction is promoted.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, for example, can be 70 ℃, 72 ℃, 73 ℃, 75 ℃, 76 ℃, 78 ℃, 80 ℃, 82 ℃, 83 ℃, 85 ℃, 86 ℃, 88 ℃ or 90 ℃ etc.; the time is 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and may be, for example, 0.5 hour, 0.6 hour, 0.8 hour, 0.9 hour, 1 hour, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.5 hours, or the like.
Preferably, the following operations are also carried out after the end of the reaction: drying the reaction product at 90-105 deg.C (such as 90 deg.C, 91 deg.C, 92 deg.C, 95 deg.C, 96 deg.C, 98 deg.C, 100 deg.C, 102 deg.C, 103 deg.C or 105 deg.C) for 8-12h (such as 8h, 8.5h, 9h, 9.5h, 10h, 10.5h, 11h, 11.5h or 12 h).
And after the reaction is finished, heating and drying treatment is carried out, so that residual volatile substances are removed, and the odor of the product is reduced.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a silicone elastomer gel comprising a carrier fluid and silicone elastomer particles dispersed in the carrier fluid;
the silicone elastomer particles are formed by shearing and dispersing the silicone elastomer provided by the first aspect of the invention.
The method of the shear dispersion of the present invention is not particularly limited, and, for example, mechanical dispersion using a crusher may be employed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicone elastomer particles have a particle size of not more than 5 μm.
Preferably, the carrier fluid is selected from alcohols, hydrocarbons, esters, fatty oils or oils having a viscosity of 1-50mm2One or a combination of at least two of the low viscosity siloxanes per second.
Preferably, the alcohol is selected from one or a combination of at least two of ethanol, cyclohexanol, propylene glycol, or glycerol.
Preferably, the hydrocarbon is selected from one or a combination of at least two of isododecane, isohexadecane, or mineral oil.
Preferably, the fatty oil is selected from one or a combination of at least two of corn oil, soybean oil, olive oil, coconut oil or shea butter.
Preferably, the low viscosity silicone is selected from linear alkyl silicones and/or cyclic alkyl silicones.
Preferably, the linear alkyl siloxane is selected from one or a combination of at least two of hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane or heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane.
Preferably, the cyclic alkyl siloxane is selected from one or a combination of at least two of trimethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane or dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of a silicone elastomer gel as described above in a care product or cosmetic. Illustratively, it may be used as a carrier and/or thickener in antiperspirants, BB creams, lotions, lipsticks, foundations or concealers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the organic silicon elastomer gel provided by the invention has good compatibility with grease, can absorb moisture for self-emulsification, is used in aqueous care products or cosmetics, has good oleophilic organic silicon, transparency and spreadability, has powdery, silky and moist skin feel, and can be used for preparing transparent care products or cosmetics.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel prepared from the following raw materials:
a component a: organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule:
average structural formula Me3SiO(Me2SiO)300(MeHSiO)15SiMe3；
And b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of more than 1:
1, 16-heptadecadiene;
and c, component (a): polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule:
and (d) component: unsaturated polyether: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C2H4O)8(C3H6O)4H；
e, component (a): hydrosilylation catalyst: solution of chloroplatinic acid in isopropanol (concentration 1000mg/kg, in H)2PtCI6Concentration calculation).
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) adding 100g a component, 3g b component, 160g c component and 10g d component into a reaction vessel at normal temperature, and stirring and mixing at high speed; heating to 50 ℃, adding 3g e components, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and fully drying at 105 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the organic silicon elastomer;
(2) the organic silicon elastomer obtained in the step (1) is powerfully crushed by a crusher until the particle size is less than or equal to 5 mu m, 125g of hexamethyldisiloxane is added for stirring and mixing, organic silicon elastomer gel is generated under the condition of vigorous stirring, and the viscosity of the gel is about 700000mm measured by a Bohler-Fei viscometer2/s。
Example 2
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel prepared from the following raw materials:
a component a: organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule:
average structural formula Me3SiO(Me2SiO)205(MePhSiO)20(MeHSiO)15SiMe3；
And b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of more than 1:
comprises b1 component 1, 7-octadiene and b2 component dodecene;
and c, component (a): polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule:
and (d) component: unsaturated polyether: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C2H4O)10(C3H6O)3CH3；
e, component (a): hydrosilylation catalyst: solution of chloroplatinic acid in isopropanol (concentration 1000mg/kg, in H)2PtCI6Concentration calculation).
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) adding 100g a component, 1.5g b1 component, 0.3g b2 component, 200g c component and 10g d component into a reaction vessel at normal temperature, and stirring and mixing at high speed; heating to 50 ℃, adding 5g e components, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 45 minutes, and fully drying at 105 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the organic silicon elastomer;
(2) the organic silicon elastomer obtained in the step (1) is powerfully crushed by a crusher until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 5 mu m, 150g of isododecane and 30g of coconut oil are added for stirring and mixing, organic silicon elastomer gel is generated under the condition of vigorous stirring, and the viscosity of the organic silicon elastomer gel is about 600000mm measured by a Bohler viscometer2/s。
Example 3
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel prepared from the following raw materials:
a component a: organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule:
average structural formula Me3SiO(Me2SiO)255(MeHSiO)10SiMe3；
And b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of more than 1:
comprises b1 component 1, 19-eicosadiene and b2 component hexadecene;
and c, component (a): polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule:
and (d) component: unsaturated polyether: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C2H4O)15(C3H6O)5CH3；
e, component (a): hydrosilylation catalyst: solution of chloroplatinic acid in isopropanol (concentration 1000mg/kg, in H)2PtCI6Concentration calculation).
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) adding 120g a component, 3g b1 component, 0.5g b2 component, 60g c component and 10g d component into a reaction vessel at normal temperature, and stirring and mixing at high speed; heating to 50 ℃, adding 5g e components, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, and fully drying at 105 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the organic silicon elastomer;
(2) the organic silicon elastomer obtained in the step (1) is powerfully crushed by a crusher until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 5 mu m, 100g of heptamethyl octyl trisiloxane is added for stirring and mixing, organic silicon elastomer gel is generated under the condition of vigorous stirring, and the viscosity of the gel is about 580000mm measured by a Bohler viscometer2/s。
Example 4
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel prepared from the following raw materials:
a component a: organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule:
average structural formula Me3SiO(Me2SiO)310(MeHSiO)15SiMe3；
And b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of more than 1:
comprises b1 component 1, 5-hexadiyne and b2 component dodecene;
and c, component (a): polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule:
and (d) component: unsaturated polyether: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C2H4O)12(C3H6O)2CH3；
e, component (a): hydrosilylation catalyst: solution of chloroplatinic acid in isopropanol (concentration 1000mg/kg, in H)2PtCI6Concentration calculation).
The preparation steps are as follows:
(1) adding 160g a component, 1.5g b1 component, 0.6g b2 component, 150g c component and 10g d component into a reaction vessel at normal temperature, and stirring and mixing at high speed; heating to 50 ℃, adding 10g e components, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, and fully drying at 105 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the organic silicon elastomer;
(2) the organic silicon elastomer obtained in the step (1) is powerfully crushed by a crusher until the grain diameter is less than or equal to 5 mu m, 150g of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane is added for stirring and mixing, organic silicon elastomer gel is generated under the condition of vigorous stirring, and the viscosity of the gel is about 650000mm measured by a Bohler viscometer2/s。
Example 5
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the d component is: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C2H4O)12H。
Example 6
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel, zone with example 1The component d is as follows: CH (CH)2＝CHCH2O(C3H6O)12H。
Example 7
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that component b consists of 2.5g b1 component 1, 16-heptadecadiene and 0.5g b2 component dodecene (molar ratio 1: 0.3).
Example 8
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the amount of d-component used was 15g (molar ratio of a-component Si-H to d-component double bond: 3: 1).
Example 9
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the amount of the d-component used was 3g (the molar ratio of the a-component Si — H to the d-component double bond was 15: 1).
Comparative example 1
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the amount of the b-component used was 9g and the amount of the c-component used was 250g (the molar ratio of Si — H in the a-component to the double bonds in the b-component and the c-component was 0.5: 1).
Comparative example 2
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the amount of the b-component used was 1g and the amount of the c-component used was 50g (the molar ratio of Si — H in the a-component to the double bonds in the b-component and the c-component was 4: 1).
Comparative example 3
This example provides a silicone elastomer gel differing from example 1 in that the amount of the b-component was 1.2g and the amount of the c-component was 230 g. (molar ratio of double bonds of component b to double bonds of component c ═ 1:4)
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that, without addition of component b, component c is used in an amount of 300g (the total amount of double bonds is unchanged).
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that, without addition of component c, component b is used in an amount of 6.3g (the total amount of double bonds is unchanged).
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that no d-component was added.
The silicone elastomer gels provided in examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-3 above were evaluated for lipophilic properties, hydrophilic properties, skin feel, spreadability, and transparency by 20 testers, and the evaluation results were ranked in 1 to 10 ranks, 10 being the best, and the statistical results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the silicone elastomer gel provided by the invention has good lipophilicity, hydrophilicity, skin feel, spreadability and transparency.
Among them, the content of unsaturated polyether in component d in example 8 is high, which results in low transparency of silicone elastomer gel and heavy odor, which is not favorable for application; the lower content of unsaturated polyether of component d in example 9 results in a lower hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer gel.
In the comparative example 1, the double bond content of the component b and the component c is too high, so that the crosslinking degree of the organic silicon elastomer gel is too low, the skin feel is poor, and the application requirement is not met; in comparative example 2, the double bond content of the b-component and the c-component was too small, resulting in too high a crosslinking degree of the silicone elastomer gel and poor skin feel and spreadability.
In comparative examples 3 and 4, the content of the component b is too low, and the content of the component c is too high, so that the oleophylic property and the hydrophilic property of the silicone elastomer gel are reduced; in comparative example 5, addition of only component b and no component c resulted in poor oleophilic grease, skin feel, spreadability, and transparency of the silicone elastomer gel.
In comparative example 6, the unsaturated polyether of component d is not added, so that the hydrophilicity of the silicone elastomer gel is too low to meet the application requirement.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (33)
1. A silicone elastomer is characterized in that the raw materials for preparing the silicone elastomer comprise:
a component a: an organohydrogenpolysiloxane containing at least 3 Si-H units in the molecule;
and b, component (a): unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having an average number of unsaturated groups in the molecule of greater than 1;
and c, component (a): a polysiloxane containing at least two unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups in a molecule;
and (d) component: an unsaturated polyether;
e, component (a): a hydrosilylation catalyst;
the molar ratio of Si-H units in the component a to unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is 0.7-3: 1; the molar ratio of unsaturated groups in the component b and the component c is 0.5-1.5: 1; the molar ratio of Si-H units in the component a to unsaturated groups in the component d is 5-10: 1;
the structural formula of the organic hydrogen polysiloxane is R3SiO(R1R2SiO)y(R1HSiO)zSiR3；
Wherein R is1、R2Each independently is phenyl or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R is hydrogen, phenyl or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, y is an integer from 0 to 400, and z is an integer from 3 to 200;
the weight percentage of H in the Si-H unit in the a component is 0.05-0.9%.
2. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein y is an integer from 90 to 300 and z is an integer from 15 to 150.
3. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein the b-component is b1 component or a mixture of b1 component and b2 component, the b1 component is an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups in a molecule, and the b2 component is a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing one unsaturated group in a molecule.
4. The silicone elastomer of claim 3, wherein the b1 component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of diene, diyne or enyne compounds having 6-20 carbon atoms in the molecule.
5. The silicone elastomer of claim 4, wherein the b1 component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of 1, 7-octadiene, 1, 9-decadiene, 1, 11-dodecadiene, 1, 13-tetradecadiene, 1, 19-eicosadiene, or 1, 5-hexadiyne.
6. The silicone elastomer of claim 3, wherein said b2 component is selected from mono-olefins or mono-alkynes containing 10-18 carbon atoms in the molecule.
7. The silicone elastomer of claim 3, wherein the molar ratio of b2 component to b1 component is less than 0.3: 1.
8. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein the c component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of the polymers having the following structures of formula I or formula II:
wherein R is3Is a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, u is an integer of 10 to 400, and v is an integer of 2 to 20.
9. The silicone elastomer of claim 8, wherein R is3Is selected from CH2＝CH-、CH2＝CHCH2-、CH2＝C(CH3)CH2-or CH ≡ C-.
10. The silicone elastomer of claim 8, wherein u is an integer from 10 to 300 in formula I and formula II.
11. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of Si-H units in the a-component to unsaturated groups in the b-and c-components is 0.9-2: 1.
12. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein the d component is selected from one or a combination of at least two of the polymers having the structure of formula III:
wherein R is4Is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, R5One selected from hydroxyl, allyloxy, alkoxy containing 1-20 carbon atoms or ester containing 1-20 carbon atoms, n and m are integers of 0 or more, and n + m is 4-50.
13. The silicone elastomer of claim 12, wherein R is4Is allyl.
14. The silicone elastomer according to claim 12, wherein n + m is 8 to 20.
15. The silicone elastomer of claim 12, wherein the molar ratio of ethylene glycol units to propylene glycol units in the d-component is from 0.8 to 14: 1.
16. The silicone elastomer of claim 15, wherein the molar ratio of ethylene glycol units to propylene glycol units in the d-component is 2-9: 1.
17. The silicone elastomer according to claim 1, wherein the kind of the unsaturated polyether in the d-component is not more than 3, and the molar content of any one of the unsaturated polyethers in the d-component is not less than 5%.
18. The silicone elastomer of claim 1, wherein the e-component is selected from chloroplatinic acid, platinum black, or a complex of chloroplatinic acid and an unsaturated silicone.
19. The silicone elastomer according to claim 18, wherein the mass fraction of platinum atoms in the e-component to the total mass of the a-component, b-component, c-component and d-component is 1 to 1000 ppm.
20. A process for the preparation of a silicone elastomer according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that it comprises:
and mixing the component a, the component b, the component c, the component d and the component e, and heating for reaction to obtain the organic silicon elastomer.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the mixing is performed by: mixing the component a, the component b, the component c and the component d at normal temperature, heating to 35-60 ℃, and adding the component e for mixing.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70-90 ℃ for a time of 0.5-1.5 hours.
23. The method according to claim 20, wherein the following is further performed after the reaction is completed: the reaction product is dried at 90-105 ℃ for 8-12 h.
24. A silicone elastomer gel, characterized in that the silicone elastomer gel comprises a carrier fluid and silicone elastomer particles dispersed in the carrier fluid;
the silicone elastomer particles are shear dispersed from the silicone elastomer of any of claims 1-19.
25. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 24, wherein the silicone elastomer particles have a particle size of 5 μm or less.
26. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 24, wherein the carrier fluid is selected from alcohols, hydrocarbons, esters, greases, or a viscosity of 1-50mm2One or a combination of at least two of the low viscosity siloxanes per second.
27. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 26, wherein the alcohol is selected from one or a combination of at least two of ethanol, cyclohexanol, propylene glycol, or glycerol.
28. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 26, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from one or a combination of at least two of isododecane, isohexadecane, or mineral oil.
29. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 26, wherein the fatty oil is selected from one or a combination of at least two of corn oil, soybean oil, olive oil, coconut oil, or shea butter.
30. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 26, wherein the low viscosity silicone is selected from a linear alkyl silicone and/or a cyclic alkyl silicone.
31. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 30, wherein the linear alkyl siloxane is selected from one or a combination of at least two of hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, or heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane.
32. The silicone elastomer gel of claim 30, wherein the cyclic alkyl siloxane is selected from one or a combination of at least two of trimethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, or dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane.
33. Use of a silicone elastomer gel according to any one of claims 24 to 32 in a care product or cosmetic.
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