CN110024649A - A kind of land reclamation in mining area method - Google Patents
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110024649A CN110024649A CN201910333306.1A CN201910333306A CN110024649A CN 110024649 A CN110024649 A CN 110024649A CN 201910333306 A CN201910333306 A CN 201910333306A CN 110024649 A CN110024649 A CN 110024649A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of land reclamation in mining area methods, comprising the following steps: (1) backfills smooth；(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk is added, contained nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide in the solid fungicide mixture, soil is turned over；Every the water of sprinkling in 3-4 days；(3) after 30-40 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, loam is then re-layed, turns over；Soil conditioner includes following raw material: bacteria residue, expanded perlite, algae powder, EM bacteria agent；(4) green manure crop seed is broadcasted sowing；(5) it turns over.The present invention is turned over for different times in conjunction with different processing, it is reasonable to cooperate between each step, so that the gained Diggings soil content of organic matter of reclaiming is high, and organic carbon, full nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus etc. with high-content, sufficient nutrient can be provided for each plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Reclamation Technique fields, and in particular to a kind of land reclamation in mining area method.
Background technique
Currently, (such as open coal mine) mining environment problem in China mining area is complicated, various, the influence to region environment
It is strong with destroying.Mining area during exploitation along with strong surface disturbance so that the Trends of Landscape pattern in mining area is short
Violent variation has occurred in time, extensive concern of the environmental problem thus caused by society and government.Currently, China's mine
Area's land reclamation rate that is averaged is only 20% or so, and international average land reclamation rate is 50-70%, and American-European countries is answered at the soil that be averaged
Cultivating rate is more than 80%, and therefore, China mining area land reclamation rate level that is averaged is lower.As country continues to increase Ecological Civilization Construction
Dynamics, China has put into effect a series of ecology of mining areas rings such as " mining geological environmental protection regulation ", " land reclamation item column " in succession
Relevant policies regulation border protection and restored, it is desirable that according to the principle of " who is damaged, who reclaims ", soil is responsible for by bargh and is answered
It cultivates.
Although defining difference to the intension of land reclamation both at home and abroad, it is consistent in itself, purpose is all
It is the production and ecological functions for restoring soil.Land reclamation is a complicated engineering technology engineering, has Zong He ﹑ system
The Xing multifarious feature of ﹑ Di Yu ﹑.Two stages connected each other are generally included in operation in practice.First is that Engineering Reclamation,
Filled first with substances such as spoil and flyash or by dig it is deep pad shallow form backfill it is smooth, and according to actual needs
The conveyance systems such as Fang Hong ﹑ water drainage are built, earth's surface is promoted to be formed with the environment conducive to plant growth.Second is that biological reclamation, for useless
The biological methods such as the land use microorganism Pei Fei ﹑ extensive use of chemical fertilizer soil of abandoning, reach soil texture that crops normally produce and
The standard of nutrient situation provides good environment for the normal growth and development of crops.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of land reclamation in mining area methods, for turning in conjunction with different for different times
It handles, cooperation rationally, so that the gained Diggings soil content of organic matter of reclaiming is high, and has the organic of high-content between each step
Carbon, full nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus etc. can provide sufficient nutrient for each plant growth.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam；
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk is added, contained in the solid fungicide mixture
There are nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, then carrying out depth to soil is 10-15cm's
It turns over, and removes the soil of rubble and hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 3-4 days；
(3) after 30-40 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, then
The loam of one layer of 3-5cm thickness is re-layed, then carrying out depth to soil is that 20-25cm is turned over；Wherein nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium hydroxide, carbonic acid
One or more of hydrogen ammonium, ammonium sulfate, chlorination；Phosphate fertilizer is one or more of calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, ground phosphate rock；
Potash fertilizer is potassium chloride and/or potassium phosphate.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 200-300 parts of bacteria residue, 30-50 parts of expanded perlite, algae powder
70-100 parts, 7-10 parts of EM bacteria agent；
(4) the soil watering after turning over when making the soil moisture content 55-65% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing green manure work
Species；
In green manure after planting 35-45 days, a water was spilt every 4-5 days, contains the soil of soil depth 0-25cm after spray water
Water is 45-55%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 6-7 days；
(5) after green manure grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
Preferably, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than
3000000000/g.
Preferably, the solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide 3-7
Part, 1-2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 0.5-1.5 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 150-200 parts of flyash.
Preferably, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum, and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria is bacillus subtilis or bacillus licheniformis
Bacterial strain, the potassium solubilizing bacteria are silicate bacteria.
Preferably, the sowing amount of the solid fungicide mixture is 100-150kg/ mus.
Preferably, the sowing amount of the rice husk is 500-900kg/ mus.
Preferably, the sowing amount of the humic acid is 400-700kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is 10-35kg/ mus, potash fertilizer
Sowing amount be 10-25kg/ mu, the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 5-15kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of soil conditioner is 200-400kg/
Mu.
Preferably, the soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite are carried out crushing and mistake
Then 150 meshes are mixed with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, the water content 55-60% of the resulting material made, fermentation
After the completion, it is dried to get the soil conditioner.
Preferably, the soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 220 parts of bacteria residue, 45 parts of expanded perlite, algae
90 parts of powder, 8 parts of EM bacteria agent.
Preferably, the green manure is Chinese milk vetch or clover.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, it first uses in the present invention and consolidates containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide
Body microbial inoculum mixture, nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide are azotobacter chroococcum solid fungicide, can absorb nitrogen from air to raise up seed,
Plant can be allowed to obtain a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer later.It stays the azotobacter chroococcum in soil that can secrete auxin simultaneously, can promote plant
Growth, the phosphorus that plant can be difficult to be absorbed and utilized by phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide is converted into the absorbable form utilized, increases quick-acting
The content of phosphorus.Potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide can decomposing of potassium feldspar, the inorganic mineral of the insoluble alumino-silicate such as apatite, it is difficult to promote
The nutrient elements such as potassium, phosphorus, the magnesium of dissolubility transform into soluble nutrient, increase available nutrient content in soil；Promote plant raw
Long development.And the rice husk being added can be such that the gas permeability of soil reinforces, to promote the specifically decomposition to various substances
2, mixed using the solid fungicide containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide
After closing object processing soil, make to be sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in soil, humic acid phytic acid ammonium can
Promote soil aggregate structure to be formed, the buffer capacity of soil can be improved, the soil liquid is made to keep certain pH value.The nitrogen of addition
Fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer can further increase the N P and K ingredient in soil, keep soil nutrient composition more comprehensive.The soil of addition
Conditioner can be enhanced the ecological environment of soil and improve the physicochemical property of soil.
3, soil moisture is kept after green manuring, subsequent sprinkling biogas slurry can make green manure growth rapidly, and come along fine, can
It supplements for Diggings soil compared with multi-nutrient, organic carbon, full nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus content effectively improve.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam.
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk, the sowing amount of solid fungicide mixture is added
It is 120kg/ mus, the sowing amount of rice husk is 800kg/ mus；Then to soil carry out depth be 13cm turn over, and remove rubble and
The soil of hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 4 days.
Solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid
1.5 parts of microbial inoculum, 1.2 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 180 parts of flyash.
Wherein nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is bacillus subtilis；Potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
After (3) 38 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 4cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 25cm is turned over；The sowing amount of humic acid is 550kg/ mus, nitrogen
The sowing amount of fertilizer is 25kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 20kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 10kg/ mus, soil conditioner
Sowing amount is 300kg/ mus.
Soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite crush and cross 150 meshes, so
It is mixed afterwards with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, and the water content 60% of the resulting material made is done after fermentation
It is dry to get soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 220 parts of bacteria residue, 45 parts of expanded perlite, 90 parts of algae powder, EM bacterium
8 parts of agent.
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 60% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch kind
Son；
In Chinese milk vetch after planting 40 days, a water was spilt every 4 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
It is 50%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 6 days.
(5) after Chinese milk vetch grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam.
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk, the sowing amount of solid fungicide mixture is added
It is 150kg/ mus, the sowing amount of rice husk is 700kg/ mus；Then to soil carry out depth be 12cm turn over, and remove rubble and
The soil of hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 4 days.
Solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid
2 parts of microbial inoculum, 1 part of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 180 parts of flyash.
Wherein nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is clothing bacterial strain of bacillus；Potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
After (3) 35 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 3cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 25cm is turned over；The sowing amount of humic acid is 600kg/ mus, nitrogen
The sowing amount of fertilizer is 30kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 18kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 12kg/ mus, soil conditioner
Sowing amount is 350kg/ mus.
Soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite crush and cross 150 meshes, so
It is mixed afterwards with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, and the water content 60% of the resulting material made is done after fermentation
It is dry to get soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 300 parts of bacteria residue, 50 parts of expanded perlite, 100 parts of algae powder, EM
9 parts of microbial inoculum.
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 65% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing alfalfa seed；
In clover after planting 45 days, a water was spilt every 5 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
50%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 7 days.
(5) after clover grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam.
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk, the sowing amount of solid fungicide mixture is added
It is 150kg/ mus, the sowing amount of rice husk is 600kg/ mus；Then to soil carry out depth be 15cm turn over, and remove rubble and
The soil of hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 4 days.
Solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 7 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid
1.5 parts of microbial inoculum, 1 part of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 200 parts of flyash.
Wherein nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is B. licheniformis strain；Potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
After (3) 40 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 5cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 25cm is turned over；The sowing amount of humic acid is 700kg/ mus, nitrogen
The sowing amount of fertilizer is 25kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 25kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 10kg/ mus, soil conditioner
Sowing amount is 300kg/ mus.
Soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite crush and cross 150 meshes, so
It is mixed afterwards with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, and the water content 60% of the resulting material made is done after fermentation
It is dry to get soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 300 parts of bacteria residue, 40 parts of expanded perlite, 80 parts of algae powder, EM bacterium
10 parts of agent.
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 65% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing alfalfa seed；
In clover after planting 45 days, a water was spilt every 5 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
55%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 7 days.
(5) after clover grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam.
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk, the sowing amount of solid fungicide mixture is added
It is 100kg/ mus, the sowing amount of rice husk is 900kg/ mus；Then to soil carry out depth be 10cm turn over, and remove rubble and
The soil of hardening；Spray once every 3 days water.
Solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid
2 parts of microbial inoculum, 1.5 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 150 parts of flyash.
Wherein nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is bacillus subtilis；Potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
After (3) 35 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 4cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 20cm is turned over；The sowing amount of humic acid is 500kg/ mus, nitrogen
The sowing amount of fertilizer is 10kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 10kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 5kg/ mus, and soil conditioner is applied
Entering amount is 400kg/ mus.
Soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite crush and cross 150 meshes, so
It is mixed afterwards with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, and the water content 55% of the resulting material made is done after fermentation
It is dry to get soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 200 parts of bacteria residue, 50 parts of expanded perlite, 70 parts of algae powder, EM bacterium
8 parts of agent.
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 55% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch kind
Son；
In Chinese milk vetch after planting 35 days, a water was spilt every 4 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
It is 45%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 6 days.
(5) after Chinese milk vetch grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of land reclamation in mining area method, comprising the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam.
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk, the sowing amount of solid fungicide mixture is added
It is 120kg/ mus, the sowing amount of rice husk is 500kg/ mus；Then to soil carry out depth be 12cm turn over, and remove rubble and
The soil of hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 4 days.
Solid fungicide mixture is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid
1 part of microbial inoculum, 0.5 part of potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, 180 parts of flyash.
Wherein nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria is B. licheniformis strain；Potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
After (3) 30 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 3cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 25cm is turned over；The sowing amount of humic acid is 400kg/ mus, nitrogen
The sowing amount of fertilizer is 35kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 15kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 15kg/ mus, soil conditioner
Sowing amount is 200kg/ mus.
Soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: bacteria residue, expanded perlite crush and cross 150 meshes, so
It is mixed afterwards with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, water is added in when mixing, and the water content 60% of the resulting material made is done after fermentation
It is dry to get soil conditioner.
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 280 parts of bacteria residue, 30 parts of expanded perlite, 100 parts of algae powder, EM
7 parts of microbial inoculum.
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 60% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing alfalfa seed；
In clover after planting 40 days, a water was spilt every 4 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
50%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 7 days.
(5) after clover grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
In Yunnan coal field, reclaimed using the method in such as 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention, mining soil after reclaiming
Physical and chemical properties change is as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
By 1 shell of table, reclamation method of the present invention is for improving the physicochemical property excellent effect of Diggings soil soil, to construct
New ecology constructs basis through pipe.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of land reclamation in mining area method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Diggings soil is carried out backfilling smooth processing using gangue and loam；
(2) it is applied on mining soil surface layer and solid fungicide mixture and rice husk is added, containing solid in the solid fungicide mixture
Nitrogen bacterium solid fungicide, phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, then carrying out depth to soil is that 10-15cm is turned over,
And remove the soil of rubble and hardening；Every the water of sprinkling in 3-4 days；
(3) after 30-40 days, it is sprinkled into humic acid, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, soil conditioner in mining soil surface layer, is then repaved
If the loam of one layer of 3-5cm thickness, then carrying out depth to soil is that 20-25cm is turned over；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 200-300 parts of bacteria residue, 30-50 parts of expanded perlite, algae powder
70-100 parts, 7-10 parts of EM bacteria agent；
(4) the soil watering after turning over, when making the soil moisture content 55-65% of soil depth 0-25cm, broadcasts sowing green manure crop kind
Son；
In green manure after planting 35-45 days, a water was spilt every 4-5 days, the soil moisture content of soil depth 0-25cm is made after spray water
For 45-55%；Later every the biogas slurry of sprinkling in 6-7 days；
(5) after green manure grows up to, it is cut off, and is once turned over again.
2. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide bacteria containing amount be all larger than 3,000,000,000/g.
3. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid fungicide mixture is by following
The raw material of parts by weight is mixed: 3-7 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria solid fungicide, 1-2 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide, potassium solubilizing bacteria solid fungicide
0.5-1.5 parts, 150-200 parts of flyash.
4. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are azotobacter chroococcum,
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria is bacillus subtilis or B. licheniformis strain, and the potassium solubilizing bacteria is silicate bacteria.
5. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the application of the solid fungicide mixture
Amount is 100-150kg/ mus.
6. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing amount of the rice husk is 500-
900kg/ mus.
7. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing amount of the humic acid is 400-
700kg/ mus, the sowing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is 10-35kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of potash fertilizer is 10-25kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of phosphate fertilizer is 5-
15kg/ mus, the sowing amount of soil conditioner is 200-400kg/ mus.
8. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner is by following methods
It is prepared: bacteria residue, expanded perlite being carried out to crush and cross 150 meshes, then mixed with algae powder, EM bacteria agent, when mixing adds
Enter water, the water content 55-60% of the resulting material made is dried after fermentation to get the soil conditioner.
9. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner includes following heavy
Measure the raw material of part: 220 parts of bacteria residue, 45 parts of expanded perlite, 90 parts of algae powder, 8 parts of EM bacteria agent.
10. land reclamation in mining area method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green manure is Chinese milk vetch or clover.
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Application publication date: 20190719 |