CN110022141B - Driving device of power device and method for acquiring real-time state of power device - Google Patents
Driving device of power device and method for acquiring real-time state of power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110022141B CN110022141B CN201910231740.9A CN201910231740A CN110022141B CN 110022141 B CN110022141 B CN 110022141B CN 201910231740 A CN201910231740 A CN 201910231740A CN 110022141 B CN110022141 B CN 110022141B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
- G01R31/2607—Circuits therefor
- G01R31/2608—Circuits therefor for testing bipolar transistors
- G01R31/2617—Circuits therefor for testing bipolar transistors for measuring switching properties thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/18—Modifications for indicating state of switch
Abstract
The application discloses a power device driving device, which comprises a driving module, a driving module and a control module, wherein the driving module is configured to receive a system switch signal and provide a driving signal for a power device; the identification module is configured to receive an error reporting signal related to the power device, and generate a digital identification representing the real-time switching state of the power device based on a system switching signal and the error reporting signal or based on a feedback signal of the system switching signal and the power device; and a digital output interface configured to output the digitized identification. The application also discloses a method for acquiring the real-time state of the power device.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of electrical control, and particularly relates to a driving device suitable for a power device and a method for acquiring the real-time state of the power device.
Background
Power devices such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBTs) have been widely used in motor drive, lighting circuits, frequency converters, traction drives, and the like for many years.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application addresses the above-mentioned problems by providing a power device driving apparatus, including a driving module configured to receive a system switching signal and provide a driving signal to a power device; the identification module is configured to receive an error reporting signal related to the power device, and generate a digital identification representing the real-time switching state of the power device based on a system switching signal and the error reporting signal or based on a feedback signal of the system switching signal and the power device; and a digital output interface configured to output the digitized identification.
In particular, the driving device further comprises a detection module configured to detect the power device and generate the error signal.
In particular, the error signal related to the power device comprises one or more of temperature exceeding, current or voltage exceeding and power supply error.
In particular, when the error signal is valid, the identification module outputs an identification representing the power device being turned off, regardless of whether the system switch signal is valid.
In particular, when the error signal fails, the output of the identification module is consistent with the system switch signal.
Particularly, the identification module is configured to compare the feedback signal with a power device conduction threshold value when the switching signal is effective, and output an identification representing the power device to be turned off or turned on according to a comparison result; and/or when the switch signal fails, the identification module is configured to compare the feedback signal with a closing threshold value of the power device and output an identification representing the on or off state of the power device according to a comparison result.
In particular, the power device is an IGBT transistor, and the feedback signal of the power device includes at least one or more of a voltage between a gate and an emitter, a voltage between a collector and an emitter, and an emitter current of the IGBT transistor.
The application also provides electric equipment, which comprises one or more power devices; and one or more driving devices as described above, coupled to the respective power devices, to provide driving signals to the power devices and to output a status digitization identification of the respective power devices.
The application also provides a method for acquiring the real-time state of the power device, which comprises the steps of acquiring a system switch signal and an error reporting signal related to the power device; when the error signal is valid, outputting a mark representing the turn-off of the power device; and outputting a digital mark representing the on or off of the power device according to the system switch signal when the error signal fails.
The application also provides a method for acquiring the real-time state of the power device, which comprises the steps of acquiring a system switch signal and a feedback signal of the power device; when the system switch signal is effective, comparing the feedback signal with a power device conduction threshold, outputting a digital mark representing power device turn-off when the feedback signal does not meet the power device conduction threshold, and outputting a digital mark representing power device turn-on when the feedback signal meets the power device conduction threshold; and/or comparing the feedback signal with a power device on threshold when the system switch signal fails, outputting a digital mark representing the power device on when the feedback signal does not meet the power device off threshold, and outputting a digital mark representing the power device off when the feedback signal meets the power device off threshold.
By adopting the technical scheme provided by the application, the power device main control unit can know the working state of the power device in time, so that the control of timely adjusting system switch signals or driving signals of the power device and the like is realized. Therefore, the working efficiency of the system can be improved, and the application with accurate requirements on the state of the power device is possible.
Drawings
The embodiments are shown and described with reference to the drawings. The drawings serve to illustrate the basic principles and thus only show aspects necessary for understanding the basic principles. The figures are not to scale. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like features.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power device driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an IGBT driving device according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of the driving device in FIG. 2 a;
FIG. 2c is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the power device driving apparatus shown in FIGS. 2a and 2 b;
fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of the driving device in FIG. 3 a;
FIG. 3c is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the power device driving apparatus shown in FIGS. 3a and 3 b;
fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of the driving device in FIG. 4 a;
FIG. 4c is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the power device driving apparatus shown in FIGS. 4a and 4 b;
fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of the driving device in FIG. 5 a;
FIG. 5c is a timing diagram illustrating operation of the power device driving apparatus shown in FIGS. 5a and 5 b;
FIG. 6a illustrates a method of acquiring a real-time state of a power device according to one embodiment of the application;
fig. 6b illustrates a method for obtaining a real-time status of a power device according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, specific embodiments in which the application may be practiced. The illustrated embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments according to the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present application. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. For the purpose of illustration only, the connection between elements in the figures is meant to indicate that at least the elements at both ends of the connection are in communication with each other and is not intended to limit the inability to communicate between elements that are not connected.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments of the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the different views. Various specific embodiments of the application are described in sufficient detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings of the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or structural, logical, or electrical changes may be made to embodiments of the present application.
Current power device consumer systems include functionality to obtain power device status, but use a system bus approach. Those skilled in the art know that the manner in which bus reads involve storing, encoding, decoding, addressing, etc., takes a relatively long time and thus cannot obtain a real-time operating state of the power device. Many applications today require real-time knowledge of the operating state of the power device. For example, in motor applications, it is common to include a structure in which two power devices, such as IGBTs, are connected in series between a power source and ground level. This requires that the two power devices not be turned on simultaneously, otherwise a leakage path from the power supply to ground is formed, resulting in an unnecessary increase in power consumption. Therefore, it is important for the system to grasp the on or off state of the power device in real time. Also, the state of the power device that the system referred to herein needs to grasp in real time may not necessarily be the current voltage or current value of the power device, but only need grasp whether the power device is in an on or off state. Therefore, the simple digital identification of 0 or 1 can be utilized, and the effective and ineffective digital identification can meet the requirement of the system on real-time performance, and meanwhile, the system does not consume or consume more resources.
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a driving apparatus capable of outputting a real-time state of a power device. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power device driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. According to one embodiment, the power device driving apparatus 100 may include a driving module 102 coupled to the power device for receiving the system switching signal PWM while generating a driving signal for driving the power device to operate. The driving apparatus 100 may further comprise a detection module 104 coupled to the power device for detecting an error signal associated with the power device. In practical application, the power device may be disconnected due to the fact that the temperature exceeds the normal standard, the current or the voltage exceeds the normal standard, or the power supply is in error. According to other embodiments, the detection module 104 may also be part of the drive module 102, that is, the drive module may also include detection functionality. According to other embodiments, the detection function of the detection module 104 may be performed by the power device itself. Therefore, the driving apparatus 100 may not include the dedicated detection module 104, and the power device may provide the Fault signal Fault.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the driving apparatus 100 may further include an identification module 106, which may be coupled to the detection module 104, for receiving the Fault signal Fault and the system switch signal PWM; it may also be coupled to the power device for deriving a feedback signal for the power device. The power feedback signal is worth of various indexes of the power device, for example, when the power device is an IGBT transistor, the feedback signal may be VGE, VCE, IE, or the like. Of course, the scheme provided by the application can be also applied to other power devices. According to one embodiment, the identification module 106 may generate an identification representing the power device being turned on or off according to the error signal Fault received by the identification module and the system switch signal PWM, or may generate an identification representing the power device being turned on or off according to the power device feedback signal acquired by the identification module.
According to one embodiment, the driving means may further comprise a digital output interface (not shown) configured to output a digital identification representing the on or off state of the power device.
According to one embodiment, the identification module 106 and the drive module 102 may be provided in the same chip, or the entire drive device may be provided integrally in one chip.
Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an IGBT driving device according to an embodiment of the application. In this embodiment, the driving module 202 may include a detection function, so that the driving module 202 may provide the error signal Fault to the identification module 206 in addition to receiving the system switching signal PWM and generating the driving signal gate_out based on the signal.
Fig. 2b shows a schematic diagram of a refinement of the drive device in fig. 2 a. According to one embodiment, the identification module 206 may include a NOT gate 2061 for receiving the Fault signal Fault, with its output coupled to one input of the upper gate 2062, and the other input of the AND gate 2062 for receiving the system switch signal PWM, and the output of the AND gate 2062 providing an identification STATUS_OUT representative of the on or off of the IGBT transistor.
Fig. 2c is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the power device driving apparatus shown in fig. 2a and 2 b. When the Fault signal Fault is low level or fails, and the system switching signal PWM jumps to high level or is valid, the driving signal gate_out is also high level, and the output status_out of the identification module is also high level, which represents that the power device is currently in a conductive state.
When the Fault signal Fault jumps to a high level or is valid, the system switching signal PWM is still at a high level, but because the power device is in error, the power device needs to be turned off, so that the driving signal gate_out jumps to a low level or fails, and the output status_out of the identification module also jumps to a low level or fails, which represents that the power device is currently in a turned-off state.
Of course, according to other embodiments, the identification module may have other circuit structures for implementing the same logical relationship as described above.
Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application. The driving device 300 may include a driving module 302 for receiving the system switching signal PWM and generating a driving signal gate_out for driving the IGBT transistor. The driving device 300 may further comprise an identification module 306 for acquiring a voltage VGE between the gate and the emitter of the IGBT transistor and outputting an identification representing the state of the IGBT transistor.
Fig. 3b shows a schematic diagram of a refinement of the driving device in fig. 3 a. Wherein the identification module 306 may include a comparator 3061, a positive input of which may be used to receive VGE (e.g., an emitter of the IGBT may be grounded, a positive input of the comparator 3061 may be directly coupled to a gate of the IGBT), a negative input of which may be used to receive an IGBT turn-ON threshold voltage vge_on_th (e.g., a voltage source vge_on_th may be coupled between the negative input and a ground level, which may be slightly greater than, for example, a gate threshold voltage of the IGBT device), and an output of the comparator 3061 may be coupled to an S terminal of the RS flip-flop 3063.
According to one embodiment, the identification module 306 may further include a comparator 3062, a positive input of which may be used to receive the IGBT turn-OFF threshold voltage vge_off_th (e.g., a voltage source vge_off_th may be coupled between a negative input and ground level, this threshold may be slightly less than the gate threshold voltage of the IGBT device, for example), a negative input of which may be used to receive VGE (e.g., an emitter of the IGBT may be grounded, a positive input of the comparator 3061 may be directly coupled to the gate of the IGBT), and an output of the comparator 3062 may be coupled to an R terminal of the RS flip-flop 3063.
According to one embodiment, the Q output status_out of the RS flip-flop 3063 is used to provide an indication representative of the on or off state of the IGBT.
Of course, according to other embodiments, the identification module may have other circuit structures for implementing the same logical relationship as described above.
Fig. 3c shows a timing diagram of the operation of the driving device in fig. 3a and 3 b. As can be seen, when the system switching signal PWM transitions to a high level or active, the voltage VGE between the gate and emitter of the IGBT transistor gradually increases, and the output status_out of the identification module 306 is always at a low level before rising to vge_on_th (at which time the IGBT is not yet ON). When VGE rises to be greater than or equal to VGE_ON_TH (IGBT is already ON), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 306 transitions to a high level.
According to one embodiment, when the PWM signal transitions to a low level, VGE begins to fall, and before falling to VGE_OFF_TH (at which time the IGBT is still on), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 306 is still high. When VGE falls to less than or equal to VGE_OFF_TH (the IGBT has been turned OFF), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 306 transitions to a low level.
Fig. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application. The driving device 400 may include a driving module 402 for receiving the system switching signal PWM and generating a driving signal gate_out for driving the IGBT transistor. The driving device 400 may further comprise an identification module 406 for acquiring the voltage VCE between the collector and the emitter of the IGBT transistor and outputting an identification representing the state of the IGBT transistor.
Fig. 4b shows a schematic view of the driving device in fig. 4a in a detailed structure. Wherein the identification module 406 may include a comparator 4061 with a negative input for receiving VCE, a positive input for receiving an IGBT ON threshold voltage vce_on_th (e.g., a voltage source vce_on_th may be coupled between the negative input and ground level, and this threshold may be set lower than the VCE voltage when the IGBT is off), and an output of the comparator 4061 may be coupled to an S terminal of the RS flip-flop 4063. According to one embodiment, the VCE may be obtained by connecting two resistors R1 and R2 in series between the collector of the IGBT and the grounded emitter, as shown in fig. 4b, where the two resistors form a step-down voltage divider, so as to fit the input voltage range of the comparator, and taking the voltage on R2 as the VCE to be provided to the input terminal of the comparator 4061.
According to one embodiment, the identification module 406 may further include a comparator 4062 having a negative input for receiving the IGBT turn-OFF threshold voltage vce_off_th (e.g., a voltage source vce_off_th may be coupled between the negative input and ground level, the threshold may be selected to be greater than the VCE voltage drop at the maximum on-current of the IGBT), a positive input for receiving the VCE, and an output of the comparator 4062 may be coupled to the R terminal of the RS flip-flop 4063.
According to one embodiment, the Q output status_out of the RS flip-flop 4063 is used to provide an indication representative of the on or off state of the IGBT.
Of course, according to other embodiments, the identification module may have other circuit structures for implementing the same logical relationship as described above.
Fig. 4c shows a timing diagram of the operation of the driving device in fig. 4a and 4 b. As can be seen, when the system switching signal PWM transitions to a high level or active, the voltage VCE between the collector and emitter of the IGBT transistor gradually decreases from a high level, and the output status_out of the identification module 406 is always at a low level before decreasing to vce_on_th (at which time the IGBT is not yet ON). When VCE falls below or equal to vce_on_th (IGBT has turned ON), the output status_out of the identification module 406 transitions high.
According to one embodiment, when the PWM signal transitions to a low level, VCE begins to rise before it rises to vce_off_th (at which time the IGBT is still on), and the output status_out of the identification module 406 is still at a high level. When VCE rises to greater than or equal to VCE_OFF_TH (the IGBT has been turned OFF), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 406 transitions to a low level.
Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of an IGBT transistor driving device according to another embodiment of the application. The driving device 500 may include a driving module 502 for receiving the system switching signal PWM and generating a driving signal gate_out for driving the IGBT transistor. The driving device 500 may further comprise an identification module 506 for obtaining a voltage VIE representing the emitter current IE of the IGBT transistor and outputting an identification representing the state of the IGBT transistor.
Fig. 5b shows a schematic view of the driving device in fig. 5a in a detailed structure. Wherein the identification module 506 may comprise a comparator 5061 having a positive input for receiving a voltage VIE embodying the IGBT emitter current IE, a negative input for receiving an IGBT turn-ON threshold voltage vie_on_th (e.g. a voltage source vie_on_th may be coupled between the negative input and ground level, this threshold may be set to a minimum current value applied, for example), and an output of the comparator 5061 may be coupled to an S terminal of the RS flip-flop 5063. According to one embodiment, the via may be obtained by providing a resistor RE between the emitter of the IGBT and the ground potential, as shown in fig. 5b, which serves to convert the IGBT current signal into a voltage signal suitable for the comparator, and taking the voltage on RE as the via to the input of the comparator 5061.
According to one embodiment, the identification module 506 may further include a comparator 5062 having a positive input for receiving the IGBT turn-OFF threshold voltage vie_off_th (e.g., a voltage source vie_off_th may be coupled between the positive input and ground level, this threshold may be set to, for example, a minimum current value applied), a negative input for receiving VIE, and an output of the comparator 5062 may be coupled to the R terminal of the RS flip-flop 5063.
According to one embodiment, the Q output status_out of the RS flip-flop 5063 is used to provide an indication representative of the on or off state of the IGBT.
Of course, according to other embodiments, the identification module may have other circuit structures for implementing the same logical relationship as described above.
Fig. 5c shows a timing diagram of the operation of the driving device in fig. 5a and 5 b. As can be seen, when the system switching signal PWM transitions to a high level or active, the emitter current of the IGBT transistor gradually rises, and thus the via gradually rises, and the output status_out of the identification module 506 is always at a low level before the via rises to via_on_th (at which time the IGBT is not yet turned ON). When VIE rises to be greater than or equal to VIE_ON_TH (IGBT is already ON), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 506 transitions to a high level.
According to one embodiment, when the PWM signal transitions to a low level, the emitter current IE begins to fall, and the VIE also begins to fall, before falling to vie_off_th (at which time the IGBT is still on), the output status_out of the identification module 506 is still at a high level. When VIE falls below or equal to VIE_OFF_TH (the IGBT has been turned OFF), the output STATUS_OUT of the identification module 506 transitions to a low level.
Fig. 6a illustrates a method for acquiring a real-time status of a power device according to an embodiment of the present application.
At 601, a system switch signal and an error signal associated with a power device may be acquired. The error message for the power device includes one or more of a temperature overrun, a current or voltage overrun, and a power error.
At 602, it may be determined whether the error signal is valid.
If the error signal is valid, then at step 603, an indication, e.g., "0", is directly output that represents the power device being turned off.
If the error signal is not valid, then a determination is made as to whether the system switch signal is valid at step 604.
If the system switch signal is active, then at step 605, an indication, e.g., "1", is output that represents the power device on.
If the system switch signal fails, then at step 606, an indication is output that represents the power device on, e.g., "0".
According to one embodiment, all steps of this method may be performed by the driving means of the power device.
Fig. 6b illustrates a method for obtaining a real-time status of a power device according to an embodiment of the present application.
At 611, a system switch signal and a power device feedback signal may be obtained.
At 612, it may be determined whether the system switch signal is valid.
If the system switch signal is valid, then at 613, a determination is made as to whether the power device feedback signal meets the turn-on threshold of the power device.
If the power device feedback signal meets the power device turn-on threshold, then a jump is made to 616, outputting an indication, e.g., "1", representative of power device turn-on.
If the power device feedback signal does not meet the turn-on threshold of the power device, then an indication, e.g., "0", is output at 615 that represents the power device being turned off.
If the system switch signal fails, then at 614, a determination is made as to whether the power device feedback signal meets the power device turn-off threshold.
If the power device feedback signal meets the power device turn-off threshold, then a jump is made to 615, outputting an indication, e.g., "0", representative of the power device being turned off.
If the power device feedback signal does not meet the power device turn-off threshold, then a jump is made to 616, outputting an indication, e.g., "1", representing the power device on.
According to one embodiment, all steps of this method may be performed by the driving means of the power device.
The circuit and the method described in the embodiment provide a channel for a main control system of the power device to know the real-time working state of the power device, and the power device is identified by using a simple and effective or invalid digital state. After the data of the real-time state of the power device is mastered, the system can regulate and control the power device more accurately, so that the power efficiency or effect of the whole system is improved.
Therefore, while the present application has been described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting of the application, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that changes, additions or deletions may be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A power device driving apparatus includes
The driving module is configured to receive the system switch signal and provide a driving signal for the power device;
the identification module is configured to receive an error reporting signal related to the power device, and generate a digital identification representing the real-time switching state of the power device based on a system switching signal and the error reporting signal or based on a feedback signal of the system switching signal and the power device; and
the digital output interface is configured to output the digital identification;
when the error signal is valid, the identification module outputs an identification representing that the power device is turned off, regardless of whether the system switch signal is valid or not;
when the error signal fails, the output of the identification module is consistent with the system switch signal;
or (b)
When the system switch signal is effective, comparing the feedback signal with a power device conduction threshold value, and outputting a mark representing the power device to be turned off or turned on according to a comparison result;
when the system switch signal fails, the identification module is configured to compare the feedback signal with a closing threshold value of the power device and output an identification representing the on or off state of the power device according to a comparison result.
2. The driving apparatus of claim 1, wherein the error signal for the power device comprises one or more of a temperature overrun, a current or voltage overrun, and a power error.
3. The drive apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a detection module configured to detect the power device and generate the error signal.
4. A drive arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power device is an IGBT transistor and the feedback signal of the power device comprises at least one or more of a voltage between the gate and emitter, a voltage between the collector and emitter, and an emitter current of the IGBT transistor.
5. A powered device, comprising:
one or more power devices; and
a drive arrangement as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, coupled to a respective power device to provide a drive signal thereto and to output a digitised status identification of the respective power device.
6. A method of acquiring real-time status of a power device based on the driving apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, comprising:
acquiring a system switch signal and an error reporting signal related to a power device;
when the error signal is valid, outputting a mark representing the turn-off of the power device;
and outputting a digital mark representing the on or off of the power device according to the system switch signal when the error signal fails.
7. A method of acquiring real-time status of a power device based on the driving apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, comprising:
acquiring a system switch signal and a feedback signal of a power device;
when the system switch signal is effective, comparing the feedback signal with a power device conduction threshold, outputting a digital mark representing power device turn-off when the feedback signal does not meet the power device conduction threshold, and outputting a digital mark representing power device turn-on when the feedback signal meets the power device conduction threshold;
when the system switch signal fails, comparing the feedback signal with a power device turn-off threshold, outputting a digital mark representing the turn-on of the power device when the feedback signal does not meet the turn-off threshold of the power device, and outputting a digital mark representing the turn-off of the power device when the feedback signal meets the turn-off threshold of the power device.
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