CN110022089B - Sandwich type magnetic repulsion force rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics - Google Patents
Sandwich type magnetic repulsion force rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics Download PDFInfo
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- CN110022089B CN110022089B CN201910384318.7A CN201910384318A CN110022089B CN 110022089 B CN110022089 B CN 110022089B CN 201910384318 A CN201910384318 A CN 201910384318A CN 110022089 B CN110022089 B CN 110022089B
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- H02N11/006—Motors
Abstract
Sandwich type magnetic repulsion force rotating electrical machines based on piezoelectric ceramics relates to piezoelectricity drive technical field. The piezoelectric actuator solves the problems of short service life, low rotating speed and the like caused by material abrasion of the conventional piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric ceramic rotor comprises a rear end cover, piezoelectric ceramics, a front end cover, an annular permanent magnet, an annular rotor and a rectangular magnetic block; when high-frequency alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic, the stator elastic composite body composed of the rear end cover, the piezoelectric ceramic and the front end cover can generate longitudinal vibration, the longitudinal vibration can continuously change the relative distance between the annular permanent magnet adhered to the stator and the rectangular magnetic block adhered to the annular structure rotor, the annular permanent magnet and the rectangular magnetic block adhered to the wedge-shaped structure always keep a certain angle, and finally, the driving is realized through the lateral component force of homopolar repulsion force between the magnets. The invention can be applied to the field of non-contact driving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sandwich type magnetic repulsion force rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics, and belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors.
Background
The existing piezoelectric driving technology mainly utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics to convert electric energy into mechanical energy, a stator of a piezoelectric driver is usually a composite elastic body with a specific shape consisting of the piezoelectric ceramics and a metal elastic body, and the excitation of the same-frequency mechanical vibration in the stator elastic body is realized by applying alternating voltage with ultrasonic frequency to the piezoelectric ceramics, so that a motion track with a driving effect is formed at a mass point in a stator driving area; and further, the output of the macroscopic motion of the rotor is realized through the friction coupling between the stator and the rotor. The piezoelectric actuator has the advantages of low speed, large torque, no need of a speed change mechanism, high response speed and the like, and has very wide application as a piezoelectric actuator.
The conventional piezoelectric driver adopts friction coupling driving, so that the problems of short service life, low rotating speed and the like exist, and the application range is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of short service life and low rotating speed of the existing piezoelectric driver caused by friction coupling between a stator and a rotor, the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics is provided.
The sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics comprises a rear end cover (1), piezoelectric ceramics (2), a front end cover (3), an annular permanent magnet (4), a rectangular magnetic block (5) and an annular structure rotor (6); the rear end cover (1), the piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) and the front end cover (3) jointly form a driver stator, the annular permanent magnet (4) is pasted on the upper surface of the front end cover (3), the rectangular magnetic block (5) is pasted on the wedge-shaped end face of the annular structure rotor (6), and the piezoelectric ceramic is polarized along the thickness direction.
The driver rotor of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on piezoelectric ceramics is of an annular structure and comprises two parts, namely a rectangular magnetic block (5) and an annular structure rotor (6), wherein the lower end surface of the annular structure rotor (6) is in a sawtooth shape, and the rectangular magnetic block is sequentially adhered to wedge-shaped surfaces on the same side of each sawtooth.
The piezoelectric ceramic (2) of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on the piezoelectric ceramic is clamped between a rear end cover (1) and a front end cover (3), and the piezoelectric ceramic (2) is always in a pressed state.
The freedom degrees of the rectangular magnetic block (5) and the annular structure rotor (6) of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on the piezoelectric ceramics are limited in the vertical direction, and the displacement of the stator elastic body in the vertical direction is periodically changed, so that the relative distance between the annular permanent magnet (4) and the rectangular magnetic block (5) is also periodically changed, an effective horizontal magnetic repulsion force component is continuously generated, and the driver rotor is driven to continuously rotate anticlockwise (or clockwise).
The piezoelectric ceramic (2) of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotary motor based on the piezoelectric ceramic is formed by stacking the piezoelectric ceramic plates, and single-phase high-frequency alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic (2) by means of d of the piezoelectric ceramic plates33The working mode realizes the excitation of the longitudinal vibration mode of the elastic composite body of the stator.
The cross sections of the rear end cover (1) and the front end cover (3) of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on the piezoelectric ceramics are larger than or equal to the cross section of the piezoelectric ceramics (2).
The axis of an annular structure rotor (6) of the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating motor based on the piezoelectric ceramics is superposed with the axis of an annular permanent magnet (4).
The rod type magnetic repulsion force driving method based on the piezoelectric ceramics has the advantages that no friction exists between the stator and the rotor of the driver, the service life of the driver is long, the rotating speed is high, the processing and the assembly are simple and convenient, and the serialization and the commercialization are convenient to realize.
The invention is suitable for the field of non-contact driving.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of longitudinal mode vibration mode of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotary motor based on piezoelectric ceramics in the embodiment comprises a rear end cover (1), piezoelectric ceramics (2), a front end cover (3), an annular permanent magnet (4), a rectangular magnetic block (5) and an annular structure rotor (6); the rear end cover (1), the piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) and the front end cover (3) jointly form a driver stator, the annular permanent magnet (4) is pasted on the upper surface of the front end cover (3), the rectangular magnetic block (5) is pasted on the wedge-shaped end face of the annular structure rotor (6), and the piezoelectric ceramic is polarized along the thickness direction.
The second embodiment is as follows: the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating electrical machine based on piezoelectric ceramics is different from the first embodiment in that the driver rotor is of an annular structure and comprises two parts, namely a rectangular magnetic block (5) and an annular structure rotor (6), the lower end surface of the annular structure rotor (6) is in a sawtooth shape, and the rectangular magnetic block is sequentially adhered to wedge-shaped surfaces on the same side of each sawtooth.
The third concrete implementation mode: the sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotating electrical machine based on piezoelectric ceramics in the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the piezoelectric ceramics (2) is clamped between the rear end cover (1) and the front end cover (3), and the piezoelectric ceramics (2) is always in a compressed state.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the sandwich-type magnetic repulsion rotating electrical machine based on piezoelectric ceramics in the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the degrees of freedom of the rectangular magnetic block (5) and the annular structure rotor (6) in the vertical direction are limited, and the displacement of the stator elastic body in the vertical direction is periodically changed, so that the relative distance between the annular permanent magnet (4) and the rectangular magnetic block (5) is also periodically changed, and further an effective horizontal magnetic repulsion component is continuously generated to drive the driver rotor to continuously rotate counterclockwise (or clockwise).
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the piezoelectric ceramic (2) is formed by stacking piezoelectric ceramic plates, and a single-phase high-frequency ac voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic (2) via d of the piezoelectric ceramic plates33The working mode realizes the excitation of the longitudinal vibration mode of the elastic composite body of the stator.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the piezoelectric ceramic-based sandwich magnetic repulsion rotary electric machine described in the first embodiment in that the cross-sectional areas of the rear end cap (1) and the front end cap (3) are greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the piezoelectric ceramic (2).
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment is different from the piezoelectric ceramic-based sandwich-type magnetic repulsion rotating electrical machine described in the first embodiment in that the axis of the rear ring-structured rotor (6) coincides with the axis of the ring-shaped permanent magnet (4).
Claims (5)
1. The sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotary motor based on piezoelectric ceramics is characterized by comprising a rear end cover (1), piezoelectric ceramics (2), a front end cover (3), an annular permanent magnet (4), a rectangular magnetic block (5) and an annular structure rotor (6); the rear end cover (1), the piezoelectric ceramic piece (2) and the front end cover (3) jointly form a driver stator, the annular permanent magnet (4) is pasted on the upper surface of the front end cover (3), the rectangular magnetic block (5) is pasted on the wedge-shaped end face of the annular structure rotor (6), and the piezoelectric ceramic is polarized along the thickness direction;
the driver rotor is of an annular structure and comprises two parts, namely rectangular magnetic blocks (5) and an annular structure rotor (6), the lower end surface of the annular structure rotor (6) is in a sawtooth shape, and the rectangular magnetic blocks are sequentially adhered to wedge surfaces on the same side of each sawtooth;
the freedom degrees of the rectangular magnetic block (5) and the annular structure rotor (6) in the vertical direction are limited, and displacement of the stator elastic body in the vertical direction is changed periodically, so that the relative distance between the annular permanent magnet (4) and the rectangular magnetic block (5) is changed periodically, an effective horizontal magnetic repulsion force component is generated continuously, and the driver rotor is driven to rotate continuously anticlockwise or clockwise.
2. The sandwich type magnetic repulsion rotary motor based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1 is characterized in that the piezoelectric ceramics (2) is clamped between the rear end cover (1) and the front end cover (3), and the piezoelectric ceramics (2) is always in a pressed state.
3. The sandwich-type magnetic repulsion rotary electric machine based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that the piezoelectric ceramics (2) is formed by stacking piezoelectric ceramics, and the excitation of the longitudinal vibration mode of the stator elastic composite body is realized by means of the d 33 working mode of the piezoelectric ceramics by applying single-phase high-frequency alternating current voltage to the piezoelectric ceramics (2).
4. A piezoceramic-based sandwich-type magnetic repulsion rotary electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the back end cap (1) and the front end cap (3) is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the piezoceramic (2).
5. A piezoceramic-based sandwich-type magnetic repulsion rotary electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the ring-structured rotor (6) coincides with the axis of the ring-shaped permanent magnet (4).
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| CN110829887A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 山东理工大学 | Standing wave type double-sided magnetic repulsion force rotating motor capable of rotating in two directions |
| CN114055248B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-10-21 | 江西圣卓科技有限公司 | Piezoelectrically-driven microminiature index plate and control method thereof |
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| DE2916819C2 (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1983-07-21 | Special'noe proektno-konstruktorskoe i technologičeskoe bjuro malych električeskich maŠin proizvodstvennogo ob"edinenija po vypusku elektrodvigatelej El'fa, Vilnjus | Vibration motor |
| JPS63217980A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1988-09-12 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Structure of wave motor |
| JP2926765B2 (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1999-07-28 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Ultrasonic motor |
| CN1273324C (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2006-09-06 | 上海磁浮交通发展有限公司 | Power rail mounting vehicle for magnetic-suspension train |
| TW201405024A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-02-01 | 拜耳材料科學股份有限公司 | Rotational inertial drive system and bearing systems for electroactive polymer devices |
| CN105553328A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-05-04 | 吉林大学 | Piezoelectric vibrating peristaltic motor |
| CN105629983A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-01 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Attitude control device based on magnetic suspension chassis |
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