CN110016283A - 一种太阳能电池背板用涂料 - Google Patents
一种太阳能电池背板用涂料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110016283A CN110016283A CN201910269795.9A CN201910269795A CN110016283A CN 110016283 A CN110016283 A CN 110016283A CN 201910269795 A CN201910269795 A CN 201910269795A CN 110016283 A CN110016283 A CN 110016283A
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- coating
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- copolymer
- solar cell
- coating according
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 (methyl) hydroxy-ethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-2-enoyloxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C=C JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CYIGRWUIQAVBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-ethenoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound C=COCCOCCOCCOC=C CYIGRWUIQAVBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CCCO1 LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- LVGFPWDANALGOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LVGFPWDANALGOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
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- YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanatohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O.O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O YXRKNIZYMIXSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.CCC(CO)(CO)CO GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZSHSWCZYDDOCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;oxolane Chemical compound C1CCOC1.CC(=C)C(O)=O FZSHSWCZYDDOCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UWIULCYKVGIOPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolone Natural products CCOC1=C(CC=CC)C(=O)N(C)c2c(O)cccc12 UWIULCYKVGIOPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08J2427/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能电池背板用涂料，由A组分和B组分组成，所述A组分的组成及质量百分含量为：丙烯酸树脂10‑30％，光固化用活性稀释剂10‑25％，含氟共聚物10‑25％，颜料20‑35％，溶剂10.5‑18.8％，助剂1.1‑1.5％；所述B组分为异氰酸酯固化剂，B组分中的NCO基与A组分中OH基的摩尔比为0.6‑1.2。本发明涂料所形成的涂层能够迅速表干，满足了涂料常温下快干的要求，并且完全固化后的涂层与背板基材的粘结力、耐候性能良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳能电池背板用涂料。
背景技术
太阳能电池已被广泛使用，由于太阳能电池的晶体硅片易被水汽、氧气腐蚀，需要用太阳能电池背板对其加以保护。太阳能电池背板大多采用三层结构，中间层为支持体PET基材，内粘接层为聚烯烃薄膜或涂层，外层为氟膜或涂层。
目前太阳能电池背板的外涂层一般由氟碳涂料固化而成，所述氟碳涂料初期固化需要在150℃以上的高温烘烤1分钟左右，不仅费时，且能源消耗较高。UV涂料是一种快固型的涂料，但湿热老化后的附着力及耐紫外性能较差，不能直接应用于背板上。随着环保要求的节节攀升，迫切需要研发一种常温快固、能源消耗较低、耐候性能高的涂料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种太阳能电池背板用涂料，该涂料使用方法简单、迅速表干、能耗低，形成的涂层提供了与塑料基材的初粘力，完全固化后的涂层湿热老化后的附着力良好，耐UV、耐老化性能优异。
本发明所述目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
一种太阳能电池背板用涂料，由A组分和B组分组成，所述A组分的组成及质量百分含量为：
丙烯酸树脂 10-30％
光固化用活性稀释剂 10-25％
含氟共聚物 10-25％
颜料 20-35％
溶剂 10.5-18.8％
助剂 1.1-1.5％
所述B组分为异氰酸酯固化剂，B组分中的NCO基与A组分中OH基的摩尔比为0.6-1.2。
上述涂料，所述丙烯酸树脂为聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种。
上述涂料，所述异氰酸酯固化剂为脂肪族异氰酸酯、脂肪族聚异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
上述涂料，所述光固化用活性稀释剂为丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢呋喃甲酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二乙烯基醚、十二烷基乙烯基醚中的一种或几种。
上述涂料，所述含氟共聚物为三氟氯乙烯与乙烯基醚的共聚物、三氟氯乙烯与乙烯基酯的共聚物、四氟乙烯与乙烯基醚的共聚物、四氟乙烯与乙烯基酯的共聚物中的一种或几种。
上述涂料，所述颜料为钛白粉、氧化铁、硫酸钡、钛酸钡、碳酸钙、硫化锌、氧化铝、氧化锆、炭黑中的一种或几种，优选耐候性好的金红石型钛白粉。
上述涂料，所述溶剂为乙酯、丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、丁酮、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯等中的一种或几种。
上述涂料，所述助剂为光引发剂、流平剂、润湿分散剂、催化剂。
本发明还提供一种太阳能电池背板，所述太阳能电池背板含有上述涂料形成的涂层。
有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明提供的涂料，采用了丙烯酸树脂及光固化用活性稀释剂，在UV光的照射下，两种物质由光引发剂引发双键快速反应，使涂料形成的涂层迅速表干，满足了涂料常温下快干的要求，同时形成的涂层与基材的初粘力良好。
(2)本发明提供的涂料，采用了含有羟基的活性稀释剂，该羟基会进一步与固化剂中的NCO-反应，同时含氟共聚物中的羟基与固化剂中的NCO-也反应，使丙烯酸树脂与含氟共聚物存在化学键力，形成的涂层与基材的粘结力良好
(3)本发明提供的涂料，形成的涂层在UV光的照射下已经表干，可不用等待涂层完全固化就可进入下一道工艺，省时高效。
具体实施方式
本发明的涂料由A组分和B组分组成，所述A组分的组成及质量百分含量为：
丙烯酸树脂 10-30％
光固化用活性稀释剂 10-25％
含氟共聚物 10-25％
颜料 20-35％
溶剂 10.5-18.8％
助剂 1.1-1.5％；
所述B组分为异氰酸酯固化剂，B组分中的NCO基与A组分中OH基的摩尔比为0.6-1.2。
所述丙烯酸树脂为聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种。
所述异氰酸酯固化剂为脂肪族异氰酸酯、脂肪族聚异氰酸酯中的一种或几种，例如拜耳固化剂N3790、N3390、E3370。
所述丙烯酸树脂的质量百分含量为10-30％，若低于10％，UV固化后涂层不易表干，抗粘连性差；若高于30％，涂层的耐候性能较差。
所述光固化用活性稀释剂为丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢呋喃甲酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二乙烯基醚、十二烷基乙烯基醚中的一种或几种。
所述光固化用活性稀释剂的质量百分含量为10-25％，若低于10％，涂料的粘度较大，不利于涂布；若高于25％，涂料UV固化成型较缓慢，影响生产效率。
所述含氟共聚物为三氟氯乙烯或四氟乙烯与乙烯基醚或乙烯基酯的共聚物。
所述含氟共聚物的质量百分含量为10-25％，若低于10％，涂层的耐候性差；若高于25％，涂料的粘度较大，不利于涂布，并且UV固化后的涂层因含有过多未固化的涂料而导致涂层的抗粘连性差。
本发明涉及的反应如下：
反应式1中：UV光照射下丙烯酸树脂与光固化用活性稀释剂反应。在UV光的照射下，上述两种物质由光引发剂引发双键快速反应，使涂料形成的涂层迅速表干，满足了涂料常温下快干的要求，同时形成的涂层与基材的初粘力良好。
反应式2中：UV固化后的丙烯酸树脂、氟碳共聚物与固化剂中的NCO基反应。式中R1、R4、R7、R9表示不同碳原子数的烷基，R2、R3、R5R6、R8、R’为不同碳原子数组成的亚甲基单元；反应程式2中虚线标出的羟基表示链节中包含有羟基的单元，也包含无羟基的单元。
丙烯酸树脂与光固化用活性稀释剂反应，同时含氟共聚物中的羟基与固化剂中的NCO-也反应，使丙烯酸树脂与含氟共聚物存在化学键力，形成的涂层与基材的粘结力良好。
所述颜料为钛白粉、氧化铁、硫酸钡、钛酸钡、碳酸钙、硫化锌、氧化铝、氧化锆、炭黑等无机颜料，优选耐候性好的金红石型钛白粉，例如杜邦的钛白粉R706。
所述溶剂为乙酯、丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、丁酮、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯等中的一种或几种。
所述助剂为光引发剂、流平剂、润湿分散剂、催化剂。例如光引发剂为1173、184，流平剂为Tego Glide 450，BYK310，润湿分散剂为BYK-2000、BYK-2009、BYK-2025，催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡。
所述涂料可用于背板耐候层或耐候层的修补。本发明的太阳能电池背板，其中背板的耐候层由上述涂料形成。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式并不限于此。
实施例1
本发明使用的A组分包括聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂10g，丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯25g，三氟FEVE树脂25g，钛白粉R706 20g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.02g、流平剂BYK310 0.3g，润湿分散剂BYK-2000 0.5g，光引发剂1173 0.38g，丁酯、乙酯18.8g；取上述A组分，B组分为N3390，按NCO与羟基的摩尔比例为0.6称取3g，配制成涂料。
该涂料也用于太阳能背板的修补漆使用，将涂料涂布于背板耐候面的偏氟乙烯薄膜划伤处，用功率为1000W的UV灯照射15秒，快速表干、固化成型后，室温自然放置，待固化完全，得到背板修补涂层。
实施例2
本发明使用的A组分包括环氧丙烯酸树脂15g，丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢呋喃甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯20g，三氟FEVE树脂22g，钛白粉R706 25g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.02g、流平剂Tego Glide 450 0.2g，润湿分散剂BYK-2000 0.6g，光引发剂1840.38g，乙酯、二甲苯溶剂16.8g。取上述A组分，B组分为E3370，按NCO与羟基的摩尔比例为0.8称取5g，配制成太阳能背板涂料。
该涂料涂布于太阳能背板用基材PET上，用1000W的UV灯照射20秒，快速表干，固化成型后，55℃放置3天，固化完全后，得到背板的涂层。
实施例3、
本发明使用的聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂20g，丙烯酸异辛酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二乙二醇类二丙烯酸酯20g，四氟FEVE树脂17g，钛白粉R706 31g，乙酯、甲苯10.5g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.02g、流平剂BYK310 0.38g，润湿分散剂BYK-2009 0.7g，光引发剂1173 0.4g。取上述A组分，B组分为E3370，按NCO与羟基的摩尔比例为1.2称取5.6g，配制成太阳背板用涂料。
将该涂料涂布于背板用基材PET上，用UV灯照射25秒，快速表干、固化成型，室温自然放置，固化完全后，得到背板涂层。
实施例4、
本发明使用的丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸树脂25g，丙烯酸异辛酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯15g，四氟FEVE树脂13g，金红石型钛白粉R706 35g，溶剂10.7g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.01g、流平剂BYK310 0.19g，润湿分散剂BYK-2025 0.7g，光引发剂184 0.4g。取上述A组分，B组分为N3390，按NCO与羟基的摩尔比例为0.6称取2.5g，配制成太阳能背板涂料。
将该涂料涂布于背板基材PET上，用UV灯照射25秒，快速表干、固化成型，然后室温自然放置待固化完全，得到太阳能背板的涂层。
实施例5、
本发明使用的丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸树脂30g，丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、二季戊四醇丙烯酸酯10g，四氟FEVE树脂10g，钛白粉R706 35g，溶剂13.9g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.01g、流平剂BYK310 0.1g，润湿分散剂BYK-2009 0.3g，光引发剂1173 0.69g。取上述A组分，B组分为N3790，按NCO与羟基的摩尔比例为1.0称取2.8g，配制成涂料。
该涂料用于太阳能背板的修补漆使用，将涂料涂布于背板耐候面的氟乙烯薄膜划伤处，用功率为1000W的UV灯照射30秒，快速表干、固化成型后，55℃放置3天，得到含氟薄膜的修补涂层。
对比例1
丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸树脂40g，活性稀释剂丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异癸酯18.6g，钛白粉R706 40g，光引发1173 0.4g，流平剂BYK310 0.6g，润湿分散剂BYK-2025 0.4g制成金属涂料。将涂料涂布于表面划伤过的氟乙烯薄膜上，UV灯照射25秒得薄膜的修补涂层。
对比例2、
四氟FEVE树脂40g，HDI三聚体2.8g，钛白粉R706 45g，丁酯溶剂10.8g，催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.04g、流平剂BYK310 0.86g，润湿分散剂BYK-2009 0.5g。将该涂料涂布于背板的PET基材上，自然放置2小时涂层表干，然后室温放置待涂层固化完全，得到背板的涂层。
由本发明给出的实施例及对比例制得的涂料，涂于背板上，按GB/T31034-2014(晶体硅太阳电池组件用绝缘背板)、CQC3308-2013(光伏组件封装用背板技术规范)标准制样并检测性能，检测结果如表1所示：
表1本发明在塑料基材上的实施例及对比例检测结果
以上所述仅为本发明较佳的具体实施例，但本发明的实施方式并不局限于此，本领域技术人员在本发明技术方案基础上，所作出的等同变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种太阳能电池背板用涂料，由A组分和B组分组成，其特征在于，所述A组分的组成及质量百分含量为：
所述B组分为异氰酸酯固化剂，B组分中的NCO基与A组分中OH基的摩尔比为0.6-1.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸树脂为聚氨酯丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸化聚丙烯酸酯或环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述光固化用活性稀释剂为丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢呋喃甲酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇类二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二乙烯基醚、十二烷基乙烯基醚中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述含氟共聚物为三氟氯乙烯与乙烯基醚的共聚物、三氟氯乙烯与乙烯基酯的共聚物、四氟乙烯与乙烯基醚的共聚物、四氟乙烯与乙烯基酯的共聚物中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述颜料为钛白粉、氧化铁、硫酸钡、钛酸钡、碳酸钙、硫化锌、氧化铝、氧化锆或炭黑中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述溶剂为乙酯、丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、丁酮、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其特征在于，所述助剂为光引发剂、流平剂、润湿分散剂和催化剂。
8.一种太阳能电池背板，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池背板使用如权利要求1-7中任一权利所述的涂料形成的涂层。
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