CN110015170A

CN110015170A - Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110015170A
Application number: CN201710775023.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗红斌; 王超; 沈晓峰; 曾求勇; 刘苑红; 张祥
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-31
Filing date: 2017-08-31
Publication date: 2019-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-31
Also published as: WO2019042410A1; CN110015170B

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, which comprises obtain the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack；According to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack and (0, SOC1), (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2,100%) three sections, section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery is determined；According to section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery, determines and SOC difference or load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.SOC value using this method at least one single battery in battery pack is in (0, SOC1) or in (SOC1, SOC2) or in (SOC2,100%) these three situations, in each case, it is determined using the higher battery parameter information of accuracy and needs balanced single battery, improve the accuracy for determining and needing balanced single battery.

Description

Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment

Technical field

This disclosure relates to control technology field, and in particular, to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium And electronic equipment.

Background technique

The large-capacity battery for providing power source for electric car is commonly referred to as power battery.Vehicular dynamic battery generally by Multiple single batteries are composed in series a module.With the use of battery, the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, monomer Consistency is poor between battery, and due to the short -board effect of battery, battery capacity performance is restricted, and prevents battery capacity from abundant It plays, the whole capacity of battery pack is caused to reduce.On the other hand, it after the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, will make At certain single battery overcharges, certain single battery overdischarge influence battery life, damage battery, but also there may be A large amount of heat causes cells burst or explosion.

Therefore, effective balanced management is carried out to electric automobile power battery, is conducive to improve each battery in battery pack Consistency reduces the capacitance loss of battery, extends the service life and electric car continual mileage of battery, has highly important Meaning.

Currently, carrying out balanced management to power battery pack, first have to determine to need from power battery pack to carry out balanced Single battery, it is therefore desirable to the battery information of single battery each in power battery pack is acquired in real time, then basis Battery information is balanced to determine which single battery needs progress, and then the single battery progress equilibrium to equilibrium is needed.Due to The battery information of single battery includes a variety of, such as load voltage values, SOC value etc., different types of battery information do not sympathizing with Accuracy under condition is different, how to utilize the battery information of single battery, determines the standard for needing balanced single battery to improve Exactness is problem to be solved.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipments, with excellent Electrochemical cell balancing procedure.

To achieve the goals above, disclosure first aspect provides a kind of battery equalization method, which comprises

Obtain the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack；

According to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack and (0, SOC1), (SOC1, SOC2) and Three sections (SOC2,100%) determine section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery；

According to section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery, determines and use SOC difference or load voltage difference Value needs balanced single battery to determine.

Optionally, the method also includes:

The value of SOC1 and the value of SOC2 are determined according to the corresponding relationship of the open-circuit voltage OCV and SOC of single battery.

Optionally, the corresponding relationship of OCV and SOC meets: OCV, which is less than with SOC in the change rate of section (SOC1, SOC2), to be referred to Definite value, and it is greater than or equal to the designated value in the change rate of section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%).

Optionally, the section according to locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack determines and uses SOC difference or load voltage difference are to determine the single battery for needing equilibrium, comprising:

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, belongs to number in section (0, SOC1) and be greater than or equal to the When one preset value, determines and load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine；

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for the SOC value for belonging to section (SOC1, SOC2) is greater than Or when being equal to the second preset value, determines and SOC difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine；

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for the SOC value for belonging to section (SOC2,100%) is greater than Or when being equal to third preset value, determines and load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.

According to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack, balanced required reference SOC value is determined；

When it is described with reference to SOC value belong to section (SOC1, SOC2) when, determine use SOC difference with determine need equilibrium Single battery；Otherwise, it determines load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.

Optionally, the SOC value according at least one single battery in the battery pack determines balanced required reference SOC value, comprising:

The SOC value of single battery any in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to SOC value.

Optionally, the designated value is the sampling precision of voltage.

Optionally, when the determining single battery for using SOC difference to determine needs equilibrium, the method also includes:

Obtain balanced required reference SOC value；

Determine the SOC value of at least one single battery and the balanced required SOC difference with reference between SOC value, In, the equilibrium it is required with reference to SOC value be according to the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack determine；

According to the SOC difference and the first equilibrium unlatching threshold value, determine the balanced single battery of needs for described at least SOC difference is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery.

Optionally, it is described with reference to SOC value be the battery pack in each single battery SOC value in minimum value；

The SOC value of at least one single battery described in the determination with it is balanced required poor with reference to the SOC between SOC value Value, comprising:

Determine the SOC value of following single battery and the balanced required SOC difference with reference between SOC value:

The maximum single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to SOC value is the single battery of the minimum value.

Optionally, determine need balanced single battery be at least one described single battery SOC difference be greater than or After the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:

It controls SOC difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described first balanced monomer for opening threshold value Battery discharge.

Optionally, it is described with reference to SOC value be the battery pack in each single battery SOC value in maximum value；

The smallest single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to SOC value is the single battery of the maximum value.

It controls SOC difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described first balanced monomer for opening threshold value Battery charging.

Optionally, it is described with reference to SOC value be the battery pack in each single battery SOC value average value；

Determine the SOC value of each single battery and the SOC difference with reference between SOC value in the battery pack.

It is greater than or equal to described first balanced any for opening threshold value for SOC difference at least one described single battery Single battery controls single battery electric discharge when the SOC value of the single battery is greater than the reference SOC value, and, at this When the SOC value of single battery is less than the reference SOC value, single battery charging is controlled.

It is greater than or equal to described first balanced any for opening threshold value for SOC difference at least one described single battery Single battery, according to the SOC value of the single battery and it is described refer to SOC value, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery；

According to the target equilibrium duration of the single battery, the equilibrium of the single battery is controlled.

Optionally, when the determining single battery for using load voltage difference to determine needs equilibrium, the method is also wrapped It includes:

According to the load voltage values of single battery each in the battery pack, balanced required reference load voltage is determined Value；

Determine the load electricity between the load voltage values and the reference load voltage value of at least one single battery Pressure difference；

Threshold value is opened according to the load voltage difference and second are balanced, determines that it is described for needing balanced single battery Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value at least one single battery.

Optionally, the reference load voltage value be the battery pack in each single battery load voltage values in most Small value；

It is negative between the load voltage values of at least one single battery described in the determination and the reference load voltage value Carry voltage difference, comprising:

Determine the load voltage difference between the load voltage values of following single battery and the reference load voltage value:

The maximum single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to load voltage values are the single battery of the minimum value.

Optionally, determining that needing balanced single battery is that load voltage difference is big at least one described single battery After the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:

It controls load voltage difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described second balanced unlatching threshold value Single battery electric discharge.

Optionally, the reference load voltage value be the battery pack in each single battery load voltage values in most Big value；

The smallest single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to load voltage values are the single battery of the maximum value.

It controls load voltage difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described second balanced unlatching threshold value Single battery charging.

Optionally, the reference load voltage value is that the load voltage values of each single battery in the battery pack are averaged Value；

It determines negative between the load voltage values of each single battery and the reference load voltage value in the battery pack Carry voltage difference.

It is greater than or equal to the described second balanced unlatching threshold value for load voltage difference at least one described single battery Any single battery, the single battery load voltage values be greater than the reference load voltage difference when, control the monomer Battery discharge, and, when the load voltage values of the single battery are less than the reference load voltage difference, control monomer electricity Pond charging.

It is greater than or equal to the described second balanced unlatching threshold value for load voltage difference at least one described single battery Any single battery monomer electricity is determined according to the load voltage values of the single battery and the reference load voltage value The target equilibrium duration in pond；

Optionally, the method for calculating SOC value includes the first calculation and the second calculation, first calculation Corresponding to section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%), second calculation corresponds to section (SOC1, SOC2)；

The SOC value of each single battery in the acquisition battery pack, comprising:

For any single battery in the battery pack, the single battery is determined according to first calculation SOC value；

When the SOC value determined according to first calculation belongs to section (SOC1, SOC2), according to second meter Calculation mode redefines the SOC value of the single battery.

Optionally, first calculation is the single battery last time to calculate mode used by SOC value.

Optionally, first calculation is that current integration method or ampere-hour integrate and combine voltage revised law, described second Calculation is current integration method and ampere-hour integral in conjunction with calculating side different from first calculation in voltage revised law Formula.

Disclosure second aspect provides a kind of battery equalization system, comprising:

Balance module, acquisition module and control module,

The acquisition module is used to obtain the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack；

The control module be used for according to the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack and (0, SOC1), Three sections (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2,100%) determine section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery, And it according to the section according to locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery of at least one single battery, determines and uses SOC difference or load voltage difference are to determine the single battery for needing equilibrium；

The balance module is used to need balanced single battery to carry out equilibrium to described.

Optionally, the control module is used for:

Optionally, it is described with reference to SOC value be the battery pack in each single battery SOC value in minimum value, maximum Value or average value.

Optionally, the designated value is the sampling precision of voltage.

Optionally, the control module is used for:

Obtain balanced required reference SOC value；

Optionally, the control module is used for:

The balance module is used for:

According to the target equilibrium duration of the single battery, which is carried out balanced.

Optionally, the control module is used for:

Optionally, the reference load voltage value be the battery pack in each single battery load voltage values in most Small value, maximum value or average value.

Optionally, the control module is used for:

The balance module is used for:

The acquisition module is used for:

Optionally, the control module passes through a channel and the acquisition module and equilibrium model that correspond to same single battery Block connection, the control module are used for the control when determination does not need to carry out balanced with the single battery that the control module connects The control module is connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,

The control module is also used to when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced, described Channel described in acquisition module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.

Optionally, the control module include control chip, the control chip by a pin and it is one lead to Road is connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.

Optionally, the control module by two channels respectively with the acquisition module that corresponds to same single battery and equal The module that weighs connection.

Optionally, the control module include control chip, the control chip pass through two pins respectively with correspond to The acquisition module of same single battery is connected with balance module, and described two pins and described two channels correspond.

The disclosure third aspect provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, should Method described in disclosure first aspect is realized when program instruction is executed by processor.

Disclosure fourth aspect provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:

Computer readable storage medium described in the disclosure third aspect；And

One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.

The 5th aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of vehicle, and the vehicle includes: described in battery pack and disclosure second aspect Battery equalization system.

Through the above technical solutions, according to the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack be in (0, SOC1), Which section in three sections (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2,100%) determines and uses SOC difference or load voltage difference Need balanced single battery to determine, at least one single battery in battery pack SOC value be in (0, SOC1) or In (SOC1, SOC2) or (SOC2,100%) these three situations are in, it is in each case, higher using accuracy Battery parameter information needs balanced single battery to determine, improves the accuracy for determining and needing balanced single battery.

Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing is and to constitute part of specification for providing further understanding of the disclosure, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure；

Fig. 2 is the signal that two single batteries of one embodiment of the disclosure share the battery equalization system of a balance module Figure；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure；

Fig. 4 is that two single batteries of another embodiment of the disclosure share showing for the battery equalization system of a balance module It is intended to；

Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the battery equalization method of one embodiment of the disclosure；

Fig. 6 is the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of the single battery of one embodiment of the disclosure；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the internal resistance of cell model of one embodiment of the disclosure；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure.

Specific embodiment

It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.

It is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 1.The battery equalization system includes: control Molding block 101, acquisition module 102, balance module 103 and battery pack 104.

In one embodiment, all corresponding acquisition module 102 of every section single battery and a balance module 103.It is right Different control channel and control module 101 should be passed through respectively in the acquisition module 102 and balance module 103 of same single battery Connection.Control module may include control chip, control chip by two pins respectively with correspond to same single battery and adopting Collection module is connected with balance module, and two pins and two channels correspond.

In this embodiment, control module 101 controls acquisition module 102 and 103 timesharing of balance module according to unit period Conducting carries out the acquisition of battery information and the equilibrium of battery respectively, so that battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing carry out.Avoid electricity When pond information collection and equilibrium carry out simultaneously, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information.

In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 102 and The connection of one balance module 103.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 102 be it is N number of, balance module 103 is N It is a, as a result, control module 101 by 2 × N number of control channel, connect respectively with N number of acquisition module and N number of balance module.

In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module, In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over For connection.

Referring to fig. 2, two single batteries share a balance module, when the two section single batteries for sharing a balance module When being required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, which replaces connection with every section single battery.Alternately connect It can be the connection according to certain period alternately.111 institute of a single battery for example, with reference to Fig. 2, in two section single batteries When paralleling switch 150 in corresponding parallel branch 15 is closed 2s under the control of control module 14, in two section single batteries Paralleling switch 150 in parallel branch 15 corresponding to another single battery 111 disconnects 2s under the control of control module 14. That is the paralleling switch 150 in the corresponding parallel branch 15 of each single battery 111 in two section single batteries, in balancing period It is interior, it just was switched to off-state from closed state every two seconds, or be switched to closed state from off-state.It is adopting as a result, On the basis of collecting module and balance module timesharing conducting, in balancing period, the single battery alternating of same balance module is shared Connect with the shared balance module, realize balanced.

It is the structural schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 3.

The battery equalization system includes: control module 301, acquisition module 302, balance module 303 and battery pack 304.Its In, battery pack 304 includes multiple concatenated single batteries.Control module 301 by control channel 305 with corresponding to same The acquisition module 302 and balance module 303 of single battery connect.Control module is used to determine the list connecting with the control module When body battery does not need to carry out equilibrium, control control module is connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively, control module is also used to Determine that acquisition module and balance module are according to unit period point when needing progress balanced with the single battery that the control module connects When multiplex channel 305.

One unit period includes: acquisition period and balancing period.Control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, is acquiring The battery information of single battery is sampled in period, to obtain the battery information of single battery.Battery information includes at least One of: voltage, electric current and temperature etc..In one embodiment, battery information can only include voltage value, as a result, The voltage performance parameter of single battery can be obtained.In another embodiment, battery information can also include voltage value, electric current simultaneously Value and temperature value etc., can be obtained the performance parameters such as SOC, internal resistance, the self-discharge rate of single battery as a result,.

Control module 301 determines according to the battery information for the single battery that acquisition module 302 acquires and needs to carry out equilibrium Single battery to be equalized.For needing to open balanced single battery to be equalized, the control of control module 301 and the list to be equalized The corresponding balance module of body battery carries out the single battery to be equalized balanced in balancing period.

As a result, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the same control channel, control module are shared between acquisition module and balance module Acquisition module and balance module are controlled, according to the unit period time-sharing multiplex control channel, avoids battery information acquisition and When weighing while carrying out, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information；On the other hand, shown in FIG. 1 compared to above-mentioned Embodiment reduces the number of channels requirement to control module chip, can save hardware cost.

In one embodiment, in the shared control channel of acquisition module and balance module, it is provided with a switch K, is controlled Molding block 301 is connect with switch K, and by control switch K, realizes that timesharing is connect with acquisition module 302 or balance module 303. When switch K is connect with acquisition module 302, control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, in collection period, to single battery Carry out the acquisition of battery information；When switch K is connect with balance module 303, control module 301 controls 303 pairs of institutes of balance module Corresponding single battery carries out balanced.

In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 302 and The connection of one balance module 303.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 302 be it is N number of, balance module 303 is N A, control module 301 is connect with acquisition module and balance module respectively by N number of control channel as a result,.

Referring to fig. 4, an illustrative diagram of a balance module is shared for two single batteries.When a shared equilibrium When two section single batteries of module are required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, the balance module and every section monomer electricity Pond alternately connects.Alternately connection can be the connection according to certain period alternately.As a result, in acquisition module and balance module point When conducting on the basis of, in balancing period, share the single battery of the same balance module alternately equilibrium model shared with this Block connection is realized balanced.

In one embodiment, acquisition module can be voltage acquisition chip, for acquiring the period, to the electricity of single battery Pressure is acquired.

Referring to Fig. 5, based on battery equalization system shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 any embodiment, the disclosure one The battery equalization method of embodiment includes:

In step s 51, the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack is obtained.

In step S52, according to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack and (0, SOC1), Three sections (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2,100%) determine section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery.

In step S53, according to section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery, determines and use SOC difference Or load voltage difference needs balanced single battery to determine.

Step S51 is illustrated first.

In one embodiment, calculate SOC value method include the first calculation and the second calculation, described first Calculation correspond to section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%), second calculation corresponding to section (SOC1, SOC2)；

Correspondingly, step S51 includes:

Current integration method, which refers to, obtains the single battery to time integral using the current value of collected single battery SOC value；Ampere-hour integral combines voltage revised law to refer to the SOC value for calculating single battery using current integration method first, then again Calculated SOC value is modified with the load voltage values of the single battery, using revised SOC value as the single battery Final SOC value.

The embodiment of the present disclosure is in view of having an OCV plateau on the OCV-SOC curve of single battery, in OCV plateau, The amplitude of variation very little of OCV value, illustratively, Fig. 6 are the schematic diagrames of the OCV-SOC curve of single battery.As shown in fig. 6, The section [SOC1, SOC2], the OCV value amplitude of variation very little of single battery.It thus can not be accurate using OCV value in OCV plateau Ground calculates the SOC value of single battery, and then leads to not accurately determine out and need balanced single battery.

Wherein, OCV value is the open-circuit voltage values of single battery, different from load voltage values.Referring to Fig. 7 and formula (1), work as electricity When pond group is in discharge condition or charged state, using internal resistance of cell model, single battery is equivalent to ideal voltage source and electricity Hinder R series connection.Then for a single battery, the voltage value V for the single battery that sampling can be obtained according to formula (1)_L(i.e. load electricity Pressure value) be converted to open-circuit voltage values:

OCV=V_L+I×R (1)

Wherein, V_LTo acquire in the period, the collected load voltage values of acquisition module；I is acquisition module in the acquisition period Collected discharge current or charging current；R is the internal resistance value of single battery.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, stops working in single battery to be equalized and reach stable state or battery is rigid The collected voltage of the moment institute inherently open-circuit voltage of start-up operation or can approximation regard open-circuit voltage as, therefore in the feelings The OCV value of single battery to be equalized can be directly collected under condition.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, just having started stopping working to reference battery and reaching stable state or battery The collected voltage of the moment institute inherently open-circuit voltage of work or can approximation regard open-circuit voltage as, therefore in this case The OCV value of reference battery can directly be collected.

The internal resistance value of single battery can be preset.Or the internal resistance value of single battery can be for according to the voltage of single battery It is determined with capacity.For example, determining the interior of single battery according to the corresponding relationship of the voltage of single battery, capacity and internal resistance value Resistance value.It should be understood that other battery models also can be used, such as: Thevenin (Dai Weinan) model, PNGV (Partnership for A New Generation of Vehicles, young mobile partner program) model etc., it realizes collected monomer The load voltage of battery is converted to open-circuit voltage.

Therefore, load voltage values are collected, and there are following relationships between load voltage values and OCV value:

OCV value=load voltage values+internal resistance of cell * battery charge or discharge current

Under normal conditions, the internal resistance of cell and battery charge or discharge current are certain, therefore, OCV value and negative Carry the difference between voltage value be also it is certain, in the amplitude of variation very little of OCV value, the amplitude of variation of load voltage values is also very It is small.

In order to accurately calculate the SOC value of single battery, the disclosure proposes not using ampere-hour integral to combine in OCV plateau Voltage revised law calculates SOC value, and current integration method is used to calculate SOC value, avoids integrating in OCV plateau using ampere-hour with this SOC value is calculated in conjunction with voltage revised law and leads to calculated SOC value inaccuracy.

The disclosure is additionally contemplates that the amplitude of variation of OCV value is larger in non-OCV plateau, illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, [0, SOC1] and [SOC2,100%] section, the OCV value amplitude of variation of single battery are larger.Thus in non-OCV plateau, benefit Voltage revised law is combined to calculate with ampere-hour integral more accurate, therefore, the disclosure was proposed in non-OCV plateau, using ampere-hour product Divide the SOC value for combining voltage revised law to calculate single battery.

The value range of the SOC value of single battery is divided into three according to the OCV-SOC curve of single battery by the disclosure Section: first interval, second interval and 3rd interval, second interval are the OCV plateau corresponding section SOC, such as Fig. 6 In the section [SOC1, SOC2]；First interval and 3rd interval are the corresponding section SOC of non-OCV plateau, such as Fig. 6 In [0, SOC1] section and [SOC2,100%].The embodiment of the present disclosure proposes that the corresponding section SOC uses in OCV plateau Current integration method calculates the SOC value of single battery, combines voltage using ampere-hour integral in the corresponding section SOC of non-OCV plateau The SOC value of revised law calculating single battery.Wherein, OCV is open-circuit voltage (Open Circuit Voltage), and SOC is residue Electricity (State of Charge).

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, ampere-hour product is can be used since voltage change ratio is larger in first interval and 3rd interval Point-score, and the real-time voltage (being at this time load voltage) of battery is combined to be modified to calculate the SOC value of battery.Second interval because Cell voltage change rate is small, and it is not high to introduce voltage quantities calculating SOC value precision, it is possible to directly adopt current integration method calculating SOC value.In this way, can for single battery locating SOC value section difference, come further determine that how The SOC value of single battery is obtained, therefore the SOC value of obtained single battery is more accurate, so that the needs determined are equal The single battery of weighing apparatus is also more accurate.

In another embodiment, the moment just to have worked in battery can also calculate SOC value of battery using open circuit voltage method, That is, the voltage value (being equivalent to open-circuit voltage values at this time) of acquisition battery, SOC value of battery can be calculated by looking into OCV-SOC corresponding relationship.

To any single battery in battery pack, combined in voltage revised law using current integration method and ampere-hour integral first Any calculating single battery SOC value, the calculation used at this time is the first calculation.Then judgement calculates Whether SOC value out belongs to the OCV plateau corresponding section SOC, if calculated SOC value is not belonging to OCV plateau and corresponds to The section SOC, then illustrate that calculated SOC value belongs to the corresponding section SOC of non-OCV plateau, due in non-OCV plateau pair The section SOC answered combines voltage revised law to calculate more accurate, repairs so integrating according to ampere-hour in conjunction with voltage using ampere-hour integral The SOC value for recalculating single battery is executed, optionally, in the case, if calculating the SOC value of the single battery again, Ampere-hour can be integrated combines voltage revised law as the first calculation；If calculated SOC value belongs to OCV plateau pair The section SOC answered, then illustrate calculated SOC value be accurately, without recalculating the SOC value of single battery, optionally, In this case, if calculating the SOC value of the single battery again, it can be using current integration method as the first calculation.

Alternatively, judging whether calculated SOC value belongs to the corresponding section SOC of non-OCV plateau, if calculated SOC value is not belonging to the corresponding section SOC of non-OCV plateau, then illustrates that calculated SOC value belongs to OCV plateau corresponding SOC Section, due to combining voltage revised law using ampere-hour integral using current integration method ratio in the OCV plateau corresponding section SOC It is more accurate, so the SOC value of single battery is recalculated according to current integration method, optionally, in the case, if again The SOC value of the single battery is calculated, it can be using current integration method as the first calculation；If calculated SOC value belongs to The non-OCV plateau corresponding section SOC then illustrates that calculated SOC value is accurately, without recalculating single battery SOC value optionally in the case, if calculating the SOC value of the single battery again, ampere-hour can be integrated and combine voltage Revised law is as the first calculation.

The above are all processes for the SOC value for calculating single battery that the disclosure provides.

Balanced single battery is needed in order to accurately determine out, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes to obtain in battery pack first extremely The SOC value of a few single battery determines this at least one then according to the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack The SOC value of single battery belongs to which of (0, SOC1), (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2,100%) three sections section, And then determine and select SOC difference or load voltage difference, balanced single battery is needed to determine.

Optionally, the method also includes: according to the corresponding relationship of the open-circuit voltage OCV and SOC of single battery determine The value of SOC1 and the value of SOC2.

According to the corresponding relationship of the open-circuit voltage OCV and SOC of single battery, it may be determined that the value of SOC1 and SOC2.At one In embodiment, open-circuit voltage OCV meets the OCV with the SOC at section (SOC1, SOC2) with the corresponding relationship of the SOC Change rate be less than designated value, the change rate of section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%) be greater than or equal to it is described specify Value.In one embodiment, designated value is the sampling precision of voltage.

Determine and SOC difference or load voltage difference selected to need balanced single battery to determine, have and be not limited to Lower two kinds of embodiments:

The first embodiment: in the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, belong in section (0, SOC1) When number is greater than or equal to the first preset value, determines and load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine；Work as battery In group in the SOC value of each single battery, the number for belonging to the SOC value in section (SOC1, SOC2) is greater than or equal to second and presets When value, determines and SOC difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine；In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, When belonging to the number of the SOC value in section (SOC2,100%) more than or equal to third preset value, determines and use load voltage difference Balanced single battery is needed to determine.

Referring to Fig. 6, during the charge or discharge of battery pack, when single battery SOC value in section (0, SOC1) and When (SOC2,100%), the consistent sex differernce of single battery is assessed by load voltage difference, needs balanced list to determine Body battery.When the SOC value of single battery is at section (SOC1, SOC2), then single battery is obtained by current integration method and be filled with Or the electricity released, so that it is determined that the real-time SOC value of single battery, can avoid calculating error brought by SOC value using voltage, The confidence level of SOC can be effectively improved.As a result, in the section (SOC1, SOC2), the one of single battery is assessed by SOC difference Sex differernce is caused, needs balanced single battery to determine.

As a result, in an embodiment of the disclosure, when belong in the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack section (0, SOC1 it when number) is greater than or equal to the first preset value (such as: the 1/3 of single battery sum in battery pack), determines using negative It carries voltage difference and needs balanced single battery to determine.

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for belonging to the SOC value of (SOC1, SOC2) is greater than or waits In the second preset value (such as: in battery pack single battery sum 1/2) when, determine use SOC difference with determine need equilibrium Single battery.

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for belonging to the SOC value of (SOC2,100%) is greater than or waits In third preset value (such as: in battery pack single battery sum 1/3) when, determine use load voltage difference with determination needs Balanced single battery.

That is, if in battery pack the SOC value of most of single battery belong to section (0, SOC1) or (SOC2, 100%), it is determined that if using load voltage difference to determine and need most of monomer electricity in balanced single battery battery pack The SOC value in pond belongs to section (SOC1, SOC2), it is determined that SOC difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.

Second of embodiment:

According to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack, balanced required reference SOC value is determined；Work as institute State with reference to SOC value belong to section (SOC1, SOC2) when, determine use SOC difference with determine need equilibrium single battery；It is no Then, determining uses load voltage difference to need balanced single battery to determine.

In the second embodiment, it can be the SOC value of any of battery pack single battery with reference to SOC value, such as: The SOC value of the maximum single battery of SOC value in battery pack, or, in battery pack the smallest single battery of SOC value SOC value, or, SOC value comes the SOC value (including the case where odd number single battery for battery pack) of the single battery of middle in battery pack.

It is also possible to be calculated according to the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack with reference to SOC value, such as: pond group In each single battery SOC value average value, or, SOC value comes the SOC value of two most intermediate single batteries in battery pack Average value (including the case where even number single battery for battery pack).

It will compare with reference to SOC value and (SOC1, SOC2), and if belonging to (SOC1, SOC2) with reference to SOC value, then select SOC Difference needs balanced single battery to determine；If being not belonging to (SOC1, SOC2) with reference to SOC value, then load voltage difference is selected Value needs balanced single battery to determine.

The above are determine the process for selecting SOC difference or load voltage difference to determine the single battery for needing equilibrium. The case where needing balanced single battery is determined to SOC difference is selected below, and load voltage difference is selected to need to determine The case where wanting balanced single battery is illustrated respectively.

Firstly, determining that the case where needing balanced single battery is illustrated to SOC difference is selected.It specifically includes following Step:

Obtain balanced required reference SOC value；

Wherein, can be with reference to above to the explanation of reference SOC value needed for balanced judgement, details are not described herein again.First Equilibrium opens threshold value and is for determining whether to open any of battery pack single battery balanced threshold value, namely for judging Whether any of battery pack single battery is the threshold value for needing balanced single battery.

Firstly, at least one single battery is chosen from battery pack, then by least one selected single battery SOC value makes the difference with reference to SOC value, obtains the SOC difference of at least one selected single battery.Then obtained SOC is poor Value is compared with the first balanced unlatching threshold value, if the SOC difference of a single battery is greater than or equal to the first balanced unlatching threshold Value, then the battery is to need balanced single battery；If the SOC difference of a single battery is balanced less than first to open threshold Value, then the battery is not need balanced single battery.

With reference to SOC value difference, at least one selected single battery is different, equal to needing balanced single battery to carry out The process of weighing apparatus is different.Below to reference SOC value be battery pack in each single battery SOC value in minimum value, maximum value with And the case where average value, it is illustrated respectively.

1) in the case where reference SOC value is the minimum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery, the determination The SOC value of at least one single battery and it is balanced judgement needed for reference SOC value between SOC difference, comprising: determine with SOC difference between the SOC value of lower single battery and reference SOC value needed for balanced judgement:

The maximum single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

Correspondingly, determine need balanced single battery be at least one described single battery SOC difference be greater than or After the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one monomer electricity SOC difference is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery electric discharge for opening threshold value in pond.

It specifically, can in the case where reference SOC value is the minimum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery Only to make the difference the SOC value of the maximum single battery of SOC value in battery pack with reference to SOC value, and then judge SOC value in battery pack Whether maximum single battery is to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs Want balanced.

It, can also will be electric in the case where reference SOC value is the minimum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery The SOC value of other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the smallest single battery of SOC value, makes the difference with reference SOC value, and then judges Other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of SOC value, if be to need balanced single battery.It is such Embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably be judged in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of SOC value Other monomers battery, if be to need balanced single battery.

In the case where reference SOC value is the minimum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery, to needing equilibrium Single battery carry out balanced process and be: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, is all made of passive equilibrium, Single battery electric discharge to equilibrium is needed.

2) in the case where reference SOC value is the maximum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery, the determination The SOC value of at least one single battery and it is balanced judgement needed for reference SOC value between SOC difference, comprising: determine with SOC difference between the SOC value of lower single battery and reference SOC value needed for balanced judgement:

The smallest single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

Correspondingly, determine need balanced single battery be at least one described single battery SOC difference be greater than or After the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one monomer electricity SOC difference is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery charging for opening threshold value in pond.

It specifically, can in the case where reference SOC value is the maximum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery Only to make the difference the SOC value of the smallest single battery of SOC value in battery pack with reference to SOC value, and then judge SOC value in battery pack Whether the smallest single battery is to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs Want balanced.

It, can also will be electric in the case where reference SOC value is the maximum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery The SOC value of other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the maximum single battery of SOC value, makes the difference with reference SOC value, and then judges Other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of SOC value, if be to need balanced single battery.It is such Embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably be judged in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of SOC value Other monomers battery, if be to need balanced single battery.

In the case where reference SOC value is the maximum value in battery pack in the SOC value of each single battery, to needing equilibrium Single battery carry out balanced process and be: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, is all made of active equalization, Single battery charging to equilibrium is needed.

3) in the case where reference SOC value is the average value of the SOC value of each single battery in battery pack, the determining institute State the SOC difference between the SOC value of at least one single battery and reference SOC value needed for balanced judgement, comprising: described in determining The SOC value of each single battery and the SOC difference with reference between SOC value in battery pack.

Correspondingly, determine need balanced single battery be at least one described single battery SOC difference be greater than or After the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:

It specifically, can be in the case where reference SOC value is the average value of the SOC value of each single battery in battery pack It is made the difference by the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack and with reference to SOC value, and then judges in battery pack whether is each single battery It is to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably be judged in battery pack Whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery.

In the case where reference SOC value is the average value of the SOC value of each single battery in battery pack, balanced to needs Single battery carries out balanced process: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, to the monomer for needing equilibrium SOC value is greater than the single battery of the average value in battery, is all made of passive equilibrium, to SOC value in the single battery for needing equilibrium Single battery greater than the average value discharges；It is less than the single battery of the average value to SOC value in the single battery for needing equilibrium, It is all made of active equalization, the single battery for being less than the average value to SOC value in the single battery for needing equilibrium charges.

Optionally, in conjunction with the above various embodiments, the method also includes:

After determining the single battery for needing equilibrium, when can also determine the target equilibrium for needing balanced single battery It is long, it is balanced to needing balanced single battery to carry out then according to identified target equilibrium duration.Wherein, when target equilibrium Long determination is the SOC value of balanced single battery as needed and determines with reference to SOC value.

Optionally, according to the SOC value of single battery to be equalized and with reference to SOC value, the target of single battery to be equalized is determined Balanced duration has and is not limited to following two method of determination:

1) the first method of determination the following steps are included:

According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × C_nDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is single battery to be equalized SOC difference between SOC value and reference SOC value, C_nFor the active volume of single battery to be equalized；Mesh is determined according to t=Δ Q/I Mark balanced duration, wherein t is target equilibrium duration, and I is the euqalizing current of single battery to be equalized.

2) second of method of determination the following steps are included:

According to the SOC value of the single battery to be equalized and the SOC difference with reference between SOC value and preset Corresponding relationship between SOC difference duration balanced with target determines the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the corresponding relationship between SOC difference duration balanced with target is by measurement It gets.After the SOC value for obtaining single battery to be equalized and with reference to the SOC difference between SOC value, SOC difference is inquired Corresponding relationship between duration balanced with target can determine target equilibrium duration.

Next, determining that the case where needing balanced single battery is illustrated to load voltage difference is selected.Specifically The following steps are included:

According to the load voltage values of single battery each in the battery pack, reference load electricity needed for determining balanced judgement Pressure value；

Wherein, to the explanation of reference load voltage value needed for balanced judgement, with reference above to needed for balanced judgement Explanation with reference to SOC value is similar, and reference load voltage value can be the load voltage values of any of battery pack single battery, example Such as: the load voltage values of the maximum single battery of load voltage values in battery pack, or, the smallest list of load voltage values in battery pack The load voltage values of body battery, or, the load voltage values that load voltage values come the single battery of middle in battery pack (are directed to Battery pack includes the case where odd number single battery).

What reference load voltage value was also possible to be calculated according to the load voltage values of single battery each in battery pack, Such as: the average value of the load voltage values of each single battery in the group of pond, or, in battery pack load voltage values come it is most intermediate The average value (including the case where even number single battery for battery pack) of the load voltage values of two single batteries.

Second balanced threshold value unlatching threshold value balanced with first of opening may be the same or different.It is both for true It is fixed that balanced threshold value whether is opened to any of battery pack single battery, namely for judging any of battery pack monomer electricity Whether pond is the threshold value for needing balanced single battery.

Firstly, at least one single battery is chosen from battery pack, then by least one selected single battery Load voltage values make the difference with reference load voltage value, obtain the load voltage difference of at least one selected single battery.So Obtained load voltage difference is compared with the second balanced threshold value of opening afterwards, if the load voltage difference of a single battery Balanced more than or equal to second to open threshold value, then the battery is to need balanced single battery；If single battery is negative Voltage difference is carried less than the second balanced unlatching threshold value, then the battery is not need balanced single battery.

Reference load voltage value is different, at least one selected single battery is different, to the single battery for needing equilibrium It is different to carry out balanced process.Below in the load voltage values to reference load voltage value for each single battery in battery pack It the case where minimum value, maximum value and average value, is illustrated respectively.

1) the case where reference load voltage value is the minimum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery Under, between the load voltage values of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference load voltage value needed for balanced judgement Load voltage difference, comprising: determine the load voltage values of following single battery and reference load voltage needed for balanced judgement Load voltage difference between value:

The maximum single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that load voltage difference is big at least one described single battery After the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one described list Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to the described second balanced single battery electric discharge for opening threshold value in body battery.

It specifically, is the minimum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery in reference load voltage value In the case of, only the load voltage values of the maximum single battery of load voltage values in battery pack can be done with reference load voltage value Difference, and then judge whether the maximum single battery of load voltage values is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.Such implementation Mode is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs equilibrium.

In the case where reference load voltage value is the minimum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery, It can also be by the load voltage values of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of load voltage values, with ginseng It examines load voltage values to make the difference, and then judges the electricity of the other monomers in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of load voltage values Pond, if be to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge electricity Other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the smallest single battery of load voltage values, if be to need balanced single battery.

In the case where reference load voltage value is the minimum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery, Be to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, adopts With passive equilibrium, discharge the single battery for needing equilibrium.

2) the case where reference load voltage value is the maximum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery Under, between the load voltage values of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference load voltage value needed for balanced judgement Load voltage difference, comprising: determine the load voltage values of following single battery and reference load voltage needed for balanced judgement Load voltage difference between value:

The smallest single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that load voltage difference is big at least one described single battery After the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one described list Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to the described second balanced single battery charging for opening threshold value in body battery.

It specifically, is the maximum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery in reference load voltage value In the case of, only the load voltage values of the smallest single battery of load voltage values in battery pack can be done with reference load voltage value Difference, and then judge whether the smallest single battery of load voltage values is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.Such implementation Mode is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs equilibrium.

In the case where reference load voltage value is the maximum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery, It can also be by the load voltage values of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of load voltage values, with ginseng It examines load voltage values to make the difference, and then judges the electricity of the other monomers in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of load voltage values Pond, if be to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge electricity Other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the maximum single battery of load voltage values, if be to need balanced single battery.

In the case where reference load voltage value is the maximum value in battery pack in the load voltage values of each single battery, Be to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, adopts With active equalization, charge to the single battery for needing equilibrium.

3) in the case where reference load voltage value is the average value of the load voltage values of each single battery in battery pack, Between the load voltage values of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference load voltage value needed for balanced judgement Load voltage difference, comprising: determine the load voltage values of each single battery and the reference load voltage in the battery pack Load voltage difference between value.

Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that load voltage difference is big at least one described single battery After the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:

It is greater than or equal to the described second balanced unlatching threshold value for load voltage difference at least one described single battery Any single battery, the single battery load voltage values be greater than the reference load voltage value when, control the monomer electricity Tank discharge, and, when the load voltage values of the single battery are less than the reference load voltage value, control the single battery and fill Electricity.

Specifically, in the feelings that reference load voltage value is the average value of the load voltage values of each single battery in battery pack Under condition, only the load voltage values of single battery each in battery pack can be made the difference with reference load voltage value, and then judge electricity Whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery in the group of pond.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, Can disposably judge whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.

It is right in the case where reference load voltage value is the average value of the load voltage values of each single battery in battery pack Needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process is: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, to needs Load voltage values are greater than the single battery of the average value in balanced single battery, are all made of passive equilibrium, balanced to needs The single battery that load voltage values are greater than the average value in single battery discharges；To load voltage in the single battery for needing equilibrium Value is less than the single battery of the average value, is all made of active equalization, is less than to load voltage values in the single battery for needing equilibrium The single battery of the average value charges.

After determining the single battery for needing equilibrium, when can also determine the target equilibrium for needing balanced single battery It is long, it is balanced to needing balanced single battery to carry out then according to identified target equilibrium duration.Wherein, when target equilibrium Long determination is that the load voltage values of balanced single battery as needed and reference load voltage value determine.

Optionally, according to the load voltage values of single battery to be equalized and reference load voltage value, monomer to be equalized is determined The target equilibrium duration of battery has and is not limited to following three kinds of methods of determination:

1) the first method of determination the following steps are included:

According to the reference load voltage value and the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of battery pack, determining and institute State corresponding first SOC value of reference load voltage value；According to the load voltage values and the OCV- of the single battery to be equalized SOC curve determines second SOC value corresponding with the load voltage values of the single battery to be equalized；According to first SOC value With second SOC value, the target equilibrium duration is determined.

Optionally, the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC according to the reference load voltage value and battery pack is bent Line determines the first SOC value corresponding with the reference load voltage value, comprising: by load voltage values in the battery pack and institute The smallest single battery of difference for stating reference load voltage value is determined as reference battery；According to the load voltage values of the reference battery And the internal resistance value of the reference battery, determine the reference OCV value of the reference battery；According to described with reference to OCV value and described OCV-SOC curve is determined as first SOC value with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value for described；

The load voltage values and the OCV-SOC curve according to the single battery to be equalized, it is determining with it is described to Corresponding second SOC value of the load voltage values of balanced single battery, comprising: according to the load voltage of the single battery to be equalized The internal resistance value of value and the single battery to be equalized, determines the OCV value of the single battery to be equalized；According to the OCV-SOC Curve determines that the corresponding SOC value of OCV value of the single battery to be equalized is second SOC value.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, OCV-SOC curve is got by measurement.For example, for a certain list Body battery at interval of certain SOC value, then measures one-shot battery during variation between its SOC value is from 0 to 100% Open-circuit voltage OCV, the OCV for then answering each pair of point and SOC are corresponded, and form the SOC-OCV curve of the single battery.

It should be understood that can first acquire the load voltage of single battery when measurement open-circuit voltage OCV, then turned according to formula (1) It is changed to corresponding open-circuit voltage OCV.

As a result, can according to reference voltage value, the internal resistance value of reference battery and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of reference battery, Get the first SOC value of reference battery.According to the internal resistance value of the voltage value of single battery to be equalized, single battery to be equalized with And the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of single battery to be equalized, get the second SOC value of single battery to be equalized.

After obtaining the first SOC value and the second SOC value, following steps are executed:

According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × C_nDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is the first SOC value and second SOC difference between SOC value, C_nFor the active volume of single battery to be equalized；

Target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/I, wherein t is target equilibrium duration, and I is single battery to be equalized Euqalizing current.

2) second of method of determination the following steps are included:

According to the load voltage between the load voltage values of the single battery to be equalized and the reference load voltage value Corresponding relationship between difference and preset load voltage difference duration balanced with target determines the monomer electricity to be equalized The target equilibrium duration in pond.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the corresponding relationship between load voltage difference duration balanced with target be by What measurement was got.Load voltage difference between the load voltage values and reference load voltage value for obtaining single battery to be equalized After value, corresponding relationship between query load voltage difference duration balanced with target can determine target equilibrium duration.

It should be understood that referring to following table 1, when battery performance parameter is respectively SOC value, internal resistance value, self-discharge rate, voltage change When rate, electric quantity change rate or time rate of change, the mapping table of equilibrium judgement and balanced way.

Wherein, the self-discharge rate of single battery, for characterizing the capacitance loss situation and capacitance loss rate of single battery. In one embodiment, when battery pack stops working and reaches stable state (t1 moment), it detects and records each list of battery pack The open-circuit voltage values V1 of body battery；When battery pack is again started up the moment (t2 moment) of start-up operation, detects and record battery pack The open-circuit voltage values V2 of each single battery；According to each single battery open-circuit voltage values detected twice, each monomer is calculated The self-discharge rate η of battery, the calculation method of self-discharge rate value η are as follows:

(1) battery-based OCV-SOC curve finds out corresponding SOC1 and SOC2 according to detected V1 and V2；

(2) the SOC changing value Δ SOC of battery is calculated according to SOC1 and SOC2；

(3) capacitance C is expired according to Δ SOC and battery, calculates the battery capacity of self-discharge of battery releasing, Δ Q=Δ SOC*C；

(4) value of battery self discharge rate η: η=Δ Q/ (t1-t2) is calculated.

Voltage when for the specified physical quantity of single battery Unit alteration can occur for the voltage change ratio of single battery becomes Change amount.For example, default electricity, the voltage variety (dv/dq) of single battery are filled with or released to single battery in the disclosure； Or charge or discharge preset duration is carried out to single battery, it is illustrated for the voltage variety (dv/dt) of single battery.

When the electric quantity change rate (dq/dv) of single battery can be the specified physical quantity generation Unit alteration of single battery Electric quantity change amount.For example, be filled with needed for initial voltage one unit voltage of rising in the disclosure with the voltage of single battery The voltage of electricity or single battery from initial voltage decline unit voltage reduction electricity for be illustrated.

The time rate of change (dt/dv) of single battery can occur needed for Unit alteration for the specified physical quantity of single battery Duration.For example, in the disclosure with the voltage of single battery from initial voltage rise a unit voltage needed for the charging time, Or the voltage of single battery is illustrated for discharge time needed for initial voltage one unit voltage of decline.

Table 1

As a result, when being judged using different battery performance parameter progress equilibriums, according to equilibrium corresponding in table 1 judgement side Method is judged, determines to need balanced single battery in battery pack.

It should be understood that then continuation is according at least one monomer electricity in battery pack if it is determined that not needing balanced single battery The SOC value in pond judges whether the single battery of equilibrium in need.When determining without needing to carry out balanced single battery, control Molding block can be without movement, so that the corresponding balance module of any battery is not turned on.

It is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 8.Single battery to be equalized is controlled to carry out Weighing apparatus needs that above-mentioned balanced judgement is combined to carry out.The step of being judged according to equilibrium, determines that the balanced way of single battery to be equalized is Passive equilibrium (discharging single battery to be equalized) or active equalization (fill single battery to be equalized Electricity), and corresponding balance module is connected.

Referring to Fig. 8, for passive balanced, balance module includes: a resistance 811, the corresponding equilibrium of each single battery Module, i.e., the both ends of an every section single battery resistance in parallel.

For needing to carry out passive balanced single battery to be equalized, control module controls the single battery to be equalized and its Shunt circuit conducting between corresponding resistance, to execute the passive equilibrium to the single battery.Referring to Fig. 8, control module is logical The conducting of control switch module 812 is crossed, realizes the conducting of the shunt circuit between the corresponding resistance of single battery to be equalized.

Resistance 811 can be fixed value resistance or variable resistance.In one embodiment, resistance 811 can be positive temperature coefficient Thermistor, can variation with temperature and change, the euqalizing current generated when thus adjustable balanced, and then automatically adjust electricity The calorific value of the equal balance system in pond, and finally control effectively to the temperature of battery equalization system.

Referring to Fig. 8, for active equalization, balance module includes in parallel with each of battery pack single battery 95 Charging paths 94, charging paths 94 and single battery 95 correspond, and each charging paths 94 are all connected to generator 92, hair Motor 92 is connect with engine 91 by gear mechanism.

For needing to carry out the single battery to be equalized of active equalization, control module control and the single battery pair to be equalized The charging paths 94 answered are connected.When engine 91 rotates, then generator 92 is driven to generate electricity, thus by 92 electricity amount of generator It is conveyed to single battery to be equalized, increases the electricity of the single battery to be equalized.

Referring to Fig. 8, when generator 92 is alternating current generator, balance module further includes and the concatenated rectifier of generator 92 93, each charging paths 130 are connected the rectifier 132.It is converted by the alternating current that rectifier 93 issues generator 92 After direct current, generator 92 can be made to can be used in charging to single battery to be equalized.

Referring to Fig. 8, control module can be connected by controlling switch 96 corresponding with single battery to be equalized, so that should be to equal The corresponding charging paths conducting of the single battery that weighs, executes the active equalization to single battery to be equalized.

In further embodiments, in addition to shown in Fig. 8, charged using generator to single battery outside, can also lead to The starting battery crossed in vehicle is that single battery to be equalized charges.

It in another embodiment,, can also will be to be equalized outside parallel resistance and single battery to be equalized in addition to shown in Fig. 8 Single battery is in parallel with the starting battery of vehicle, the electricity that single battery to be equalized is released is filled with starting battery, realization is treated It is effectively avoided energy waste while the equilibrium of balanced single battery.

As described above, in embodiment of the disclosure, multiple single batteries can share a balance module, when one shared When having at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery of balance module, the balance module is balanced with needs extremely Every section single battery in few two section single batteries alternately connects, and carries out respectively balanced.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned battery equalization system.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer program Instruction, the program instruction realize above-mentioned battery equalization method when being executed by processor.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising: aforementioned computer readable storage medium storing program for executing；With And one or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.

The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.

It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.

Claims

1. a kind of battery equalization method characterized by comprising

Obtain the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack；

According to the SOC value of at least one single battery in the battery pack and (0, SOC1), (SOC1, SOC2) and (SOC2, 100%) three sections determine section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery；

According to section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery, determine use SOC difference or load voltage difference with It determines and needs balanced single battery.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method also includes:

3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the corresponding relationship of OCV and SOC meets: OCV is with SOC in area Between the change rate of (SOC1, SOC2) be less than designated value, and the change rate in section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%) is big In or equal to the designated value.

4. the method according to claim 1, wherein described according at least one single battery in the battery pack SOC value locating for section, determine use SOC difference or load voltage difference with determine need equilibrium single battery, comprising:

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, it is pre- that the number belonged in section (0, SOC1) is greater than or equal to first If when value, determining and load voltage difference being used to need balanced single battery to determine；

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for the SOC value for belonging to section (SOC1, SOC2) is greater than or waits When the second preset value, determines and SOC difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine；

In the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack, the number for the SOC value for belonging to section (SOC2,100%) is greater than or waits When third preset value, determines and load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.

5. the method according to claim 1, wherein described according at least one single battery in the battery pack SOC value locating for section, determine use SOC difference or load voltage difference with determine need equilibrium single battery, comprising:

When it is described with reference to SOC value belong to section (SOC1, SOC2) when, determine use SOC difference with determine need equilibrium monomer Battery；Otherwise, it determines load voltage difference is used to need balanced single battery to determine.

6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described according at least one single battery in the battery pack SOC value, determine balanced required reference SOC value, comprising:

7. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the designated value is the sampling precision of voltage.

8. the method according to claim 1, wherein using SOC difference to need balanced list to determine when determining When body battery, the method also includes:

Obtain balanced required reference SOC value；

Determine the SOC value of at least one single battery and the balanced required SOC difference with reference between SOC value, wherein institute State it is balanced it is required with reference to SOC value determined according to the SOC value of single battery each in battery pack；

Open threshold value according to the SOC difference and first are balanced, determine need balanced single battery be it is described at least one SOC difference is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in single battery.

9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the reference SOC value is each monomer in the battery pack Minimum value in the SOC value of battery；

The SOC value of at least one single battery described in the determination and the balanced required SOC difference with reference between SOC value, packet It includes:

The maximum single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least SOC difference is greater than or equal to after the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, and the method is also Include:

It controls SOC difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value Electric discharge.

11. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the reference SOC value is each monomer in the battery pack Maximum value in the SOC value of battery；

The smallest single battery of SOC value in the battery pack；Or

12. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least SOC difference is greater than or equal to after the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, and the method is also Include:

It controls SOC difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value Charging.

13. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the reference SOC value is each monomer in the battery pack The average value of the SOC value of battery；

14. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least SOC difference is greater than or equal to after the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, and the method is also Include:

It is greater than or equal to the described first balanced any monomer for opening threshold value for SOC difference at least one described single battery Battery controls single battery electric discharge when the SOC value of the single battery is greater than the reference SOC value, and, in the monomer When the SOC value of battery is less than the reference SOC value, single battery charging is controlled.

15. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least SOC difference is greater than or equal to after the described first balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, and the method is also Include:

It is greater than or equal to the described first balanced any monomer for opening threshold value for SOC difference at least one described single battery Battery, according to the SOC value of the single battery and it is described refer to SOC value, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery；

16. the method according to claim 1, wherein using load voltage difference to need to determine when determining When the single battery of weighing apparatus, the method also includes:

According to the load voltage values of single battery each in the battery pack, balanced required reference load voltage value is determined；

Determine the load voltage difference between the load voltage values and the reference load voltage value of at least one single battery Value；

According to the load voltage difference and the second equilibrium unlatching threshold value, determine the balanced single battery of needs for described at least Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery.

17. according to the method for claim 16, which is characterized in that the reference load voltage value is each in the battery pack Minimum value in the load voltage values of a single battery；

Load electricity between the load voltage values of at least one single battery described in the determination and the reference load voltage value Pressure difference, comprising:

The maximum single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

18. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to after the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, the side Method further include:

It controls load voltage difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described second balanced list for opening threshold value Body battery discharge.

19. according to the method for claim 16, which is characterized in that the reference load voltage value is each in the battery pack Maximum value in the load voltage values of a single battery；

The smallest single battery of load voltage values in the battery pack；Or

20. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to after the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, the side Method further include:

It controls load voltage difference at least one described single battery and is greater than or equal to the described second balanced list for opening threshold value The charging of body battery.

21. according to the method for claim 16, which is characterized in that the reference load voltage value is each in the battery pack The average value of the load voltage values of a single battery；

Determine the load electricity in the battery pack between the load voltage values of each single battery and the reference load voltage value Pressure difference.

22. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to after the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, the side Method further include:

It is greater than or equal to the described second balanced times for opening threshold value for load voltage difference at least one described single battery One single battery controls the single battery when the load voltage values of the single battery are greater than the reference load voltage difference Electric discharge, and, when the load voltage values of the single battery are less than the reference load voltage difference, control the single battery and fill Electricity.

23. the method according to claim 11, which is characterized in that determining the balanced single battery of needs for described at least Load voltage difference is greater than or equal to after the described second balanced single battery for opening threshold value in one single battery, the side Method further include:

It is greater than or equal to the described second balanced times for opening threshold value for load voltage difference at least one described single battery One single battery determines the single battery according to the load voltage values of the single battery and the reference load voltage value Target equilibrium duration；

24. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating SOC value includes the first calculation and the Two calculations, first calculation correspond to section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%), and described second calculates Mode corresponds to section (SOC1, SOC2)；

For any single battery in the battery pack, the SOC value of the single battery is determined according to first calculation；

When the SOC value determined according to first calculation belongs to section (SOC1, SOC2), according to the second calculating side Formula redefines the SOC value of the single battery.

25. according to the method for claim 24, which is characterized in that first calculation is that the single battery is last Calculate mode used by SOC value.

26. the method according to claim 24 or 25, which is characterized in that first calculation be current integration method or Ampere-hour integral combines voltage revised law, and second calculation is that current integration method and ampere-hour integral combine in voltage revised law The calculation different from first calculation.

27. a kind of battery equalization system characterized by comprising

Balance module, acquisition module and control module,

The control module be used for according to the SOC value of at least one single battery in battery pack and (0, SOC1), (SOC1, SOC2) and three sections (SOC2,100%), section locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery is determined, and, root According to the section according to locating for the SOC value of at least one single battery of at least one single battery, determines and use SOC difference Or load voltage difference needs balanced single battery to determine；

28. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

29. battery equalization system according to claim 28, which is characterized in that the corresponding relationship of OCV and SOC meets: OCV Change rate with SOC at section (SOC1, SOC2) is less than designated value, and in section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%) Change rate is greater than or equal to the designated value.

30. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

31. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

32. battery equalization system according to claim 31, which is characterized in that the control module is used for: by the electricity The SOC value of any single battery is determined as described with reference to SOC value in the group of pond.

33. battery equalization system according to claim 29, which is characterized in that the designated value is the sampling essence of voltage Degree.

34. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

Obtain balanced required reference SOC value；

35. battery equalization system according to claim 34, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

The balance module is used for:

36. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

37. battery equalization system according to claim 36, which is characterized in that the reference load voltage value is the electricity Minimum value, maximum value or average value in the group of pond in the load voltage values of each single battery.

38. battery equalization system according to claim 36, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:

The balance module is used for:

39. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that

The method for calculating SOC value includes the first calculation and the second calculation, and first calculation corresponds to section (0, SOC1) and section (SOC2,100%), second calculation correspond to section (SOC1, SOC2)；

The acquisition module is used for:

40. battery equalization system according to claim 39, which is characterized in that first calculation is monomer electricity The pond last time calculates mode used by SOC value.

41. the battery equalization system according to claim 39 or 40, which is characterized in that first calculation is ampere-hour Integration method or ampere-hour integral combine voltage revised law, and second calculation is that current integration method and ampere-hour integral combine voltage The calculation different from first calculation in revised law.

42. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module by channel with Acquisition module corresponding to same single battery is connected with balance module, and the control module is used in the determining and control module When the single battery of connection does not need to carry out equilibrium, controls the control module and connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,

The control module is also used to the acquisition when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced Channel described in module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.

43. battery equalization system according to claim 42, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, The control chip is by a pin and one channel and corresponding to the acquisition module and equilibrium model of same single battery Block connection.

44. battery equalization system according to claim 27, which is characterized in that the control module passes through two channels point It is not connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.

45. battery equalization system according to claim 44, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, The control chip is connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery respectively by two pins, described Two pins and described two channels correspond.

46. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, which is characterized in that the program instruction Claim 1-26 described in any item methods are realized when being executed by processor.

47. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising

Computer readable storage medium described in claim 46；And

48. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that the vehicle includes: battery pack and the described in any item electricity of claim 27-45 The equal balance system in pond.