CN109428130A - Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109428130A
CN109428130A CN201710775052.XA CN201710775052A CN109428130A CN 109428130 A CN109428130 A CN 109428130A CN 201710775052 A CN201710775052 A CN 201710775052A CN 109428130 A CN109428130 A CN 109428130A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
single battery
equalized
value
voltage
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CN201710775052.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109428130B (en
Inventor
罗红斌
王超
沈晓峰
曾求勇
刘苑红
张祥
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0021—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, which comprises obtain the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack；Obtain balanced required reference time change rate；According to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized in the battery pack, the reference time change rate and preset balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein, the equilibrium duty ratio is the ratio of the balancing period in the unit period and the unit period, and the unit period includes the balancing period and sampling periods；According to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period.

Description

Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment
Technical field
This disclosure relates to control technology field, and in particular, to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium And electronic equipment.
Background technique
The large-capacity battery for providing power source for electric car is commonly referred to as power battery.Vehicular dynamic battery generally by Multiple single batteries are composed in series a module.With the use of battery, the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, monomer Consistency is poor between battery, and due to the short -board effect of battery, battery capacity performance is restricted, and prevents battery capacity from abundant It plays, the whole capacity of battery pack is caused to reduce.On the other hand, it after the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, will make At certain single battery overcharges, certain single battery overdischarge influence battery life, damage battery, but also there may be A large amount of heat causes cells burst or explosion.
Currently, carrying out balanced management to battery pack, it will usually acquire the battery letter of each single battery in battery pack in real time Then breath determines according to the battery information of acquisition and needs equilibrium either with or without single battery, and having single battery to need When weighing apparatus, determine according further to battery information to its balanced duration.However, such mode is it is possible that acquisition battery letter While breath, equilibrium also is being carried out, since balancing procedure may lead the fluctuation of battery information, this would potentially result in acquisition Battery information inaccuracy, so that when there is single battery to need balanced, calculated equilibrium duration inaccuracy, portfolio effect It is poor.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, the party Method can separately carry out sampling and equilibrium in unit period, it is ensured that the accuracy of the battery information of acquisition, it is calculated Balanced duration is more accurate, while also improving the portfolio effect of battery pack.
To achieve the goals above, disclosure first aspect provides a kind of battery equalization method, which comprises
Obtain the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack；
Obtain balanced required reference time change rate；
According to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized in the battery pack, the reference time change rate and preset Balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein it is described equilibrium duty ratio be unit week The ratio of balancing period and the unit period in phase, the unit period includes the balancing period and sampling periods；
According to the target equilibrium duration, the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period It is balanced.
Disclosure second aspect provides a kind of battery equalization system, the system comprises:
Balance module, acquisition module and control module,
The acquisition module is used to acquire the battery information of battery pack, and the battery information is for determining in the battery pack The time rate of change of each single battery；
The control module is used to obtain the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack；Obtain balanced required reference Time rate of change；According to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized of the battery pack, the reference time change rate and pre- If balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein it is described equilibrium duty ratio be unit The ratio of balancing period and the unit period in period, the unit period includes the balancing period and sampling periods； And according to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period；
The balance module is used to carry out the single battery to be equalized balanced.
The disclosure third aspect provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, should Method described in disclosure first aspect is realized when program instruction is executed by processor.
Disclosure fourth aspect provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
Computer readable storage medium described in the disclosure third aspect；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
The 5th aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of vehicle, and the vehicle includes: described in battery pack and disclosure second aspect Battery equalization system.
Through the above technical solutions, being changed according to the time rate of change of single battery to be equalized in battery pack and reference time Rate determines the target equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized, then according to identified target equilibrium duration, to needs equilibrium Single battery carries out balanced.The target equilibrium duration as based on balancing procedure was become according to the time of single battery to be equalized What the difference between rate and reference time change rate was calculated, so more accurate, so that balancing procedure is also more Accurately, balanced situation was avoided to occur.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Through the above technical solutions, the acquisition of battery information and the equilibrium timesharing in unit period carry out, battery is avoided to believe When breath acquisition and equilibrium carry out simultaneously, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information；On the other hand, it is accounted for by equilibrium Sky is than can reflect balancing period and the accounting for using the period in unit time, therefore, the case where considering balanced duty ratio The target equilibrium duration of lower calculating can be preferably balanced to needing balanced single battery to carry out, while also providing a kind of new Really the method for the balanced duration that sets the goal.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is and to constitute part of specification for providing further understanding of the disclosure, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 2 is the signal that two single batteries of one embodiment of the disclosure share the battery equalization system of a balance module Figure；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 4 is that two single batteries of another embodiment of the disclosure share showing for the battery equalization system of a balance module It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the battery equalization method of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 6 is the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of the single battery of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the internal resistance of cell model of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
It is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 1.The battery equalization system includes: control Molding block 101, acquisition module 102 and balance module 103.The battery equalization system can be used in carrying out equilibrium to battery pack 104.
In one embodiment, all corresponding acquisition module 102 of every section single battery and a balance module 103.It is right Different control channel and control module 101 should be passed through respectively in the acquisition module 102 and balance module 103 of same single battery Connection.Control module may include control chip, control chip by two pins respectively with correspond to same single battery and adopting Collection module is connected with balance module, and two pins and two channels correspond.
In this embodiment, control module 101 controls acquisition module 102 and 103 timesharing of balance module according to unit period Conducting carries out the acquisition of battery information and the equilibrium of battery respectively, so that battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing carry out.Avoid electricity When pond information collection and equilibrium carry out simultaneously, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 102 and The connection of one balance module 103.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 102 be it is N number of, balance module 103 is N It is a, as a result, control module 101 by 2 × N number of control channel, connect respectively with N number of acquisition module and N number of balance module.
In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module, In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over For connection.
Referring to fig. 2, two single batteries share a balance module, when the two section single batteries for sharing a balance module When being required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, which replaces connection with every section single battery.Alternately connect It can be the connection according to certain period alternately.111 institute of a single battery for example, with reference to Fig. 2, in two section single batteries When paralleling switch 150 in corresponding parallel branch 15 is closed 2s under the control of control module 14, in two section single batteries Paralleling switch 150 in parallel branch 15 corresponding to another single battery 111 disconnects 2s under the control of control module 14. That is the paralleling switch 150 in the corresponding parallel branch 15 of each single battery 111 in two section single batteries, in balancing period It is interior, it just was switched to off-state from closed state every two seconds, or be switched to closed state from off-state.It is adopting as a result, On the basis of collecting module and balance module timesharing conducting, in balancing period, the single battery alternating of same balance module is shared Connect with the shared balance module, realize balanced.
It is the structural schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 3.
The battery equalization system includes: control module 301, acquisition module 302 and balance module 303, the battery balanced system System can be used in carrying out equilibrium to battery pack 304.Wherein, battery pack 304 includes multiple concatenated single batteries.Control module 301 are connect by a control channel 305 with the acquisition module 302 and balance module 303 for corresponding to same single battery, are controlled Module 301 is used to control control module when determination does not need to carry out balanced with the single battery that the control module 301 connects 301 connect with corresponding sampling module 302；Alternatively, what control module 301 was also used to connect in determination with the control module 301 When single battery needs to carry out balanced, acquisition module 302 and balance module 303 are according to unit period time-sharing multiplex channel 305.
One unit period includes: acquisition period and balancing period.Control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, is acquiring The battery information of single battery is sampled in period, to obtain the battery information of single battery.Battery information includes at least One of: voltage, electric current and temperature etc..In one embodiment, battery information can only include voltage value, as a result, The voltage performance parameter of single battery can be obtained.In another embodiment, battery information can also include voltage value, electric current simultaneously Value and temperature value etc., can be obtained the performance parameters such as SOC, internal resistance, the self-discharge rate of single battery as a result,.
Control module 301 determines according to the battery information for the single battery that acquisition module 302 acquires and needs to carry out equilibrium Single battery to be equalized.For needing to open balanced single battery to be equalized, the control of control module 301 and the list to be equalized The corresponding balance module of body battery carries out the single battery to be equalized balanced in balancing period.
As a result, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the same control channel, control module are shared between acquisition module and balance module Acquisition module and balance module are controlled, according to the unit period time-sharing multiplex control channel, avoids battery information acquisition and When weighing while carrying out, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information；On the other hand, shown in FIG. 1 compared to above-mentioned Embodiment reduces the number of channels requirement to control module chip, can save hardware cost.
In one embodiment, in the shared control channel of acquisition module and balance module, it is provided with a switch K, is controlled Molding block 301 is connect with switch K, and by control switch K, realizes that timesharing is connect with acquisition module 302 or balance module 303. When switch K is connect with acquisition module 302, control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, in collection period, to single battery Carry out the acquisition of battery information；When switch K is connect with balance module 303, control module 301 controls 303 pairs of institutes of balance module Corresponding single battery carries out balanced.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 3, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 302 and The connection of one balance module 303.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 302 be it is N number of, balance module 303 is N A, control module 301 is connect with acquisition module and balance module respectively by N number of control channel as a result,.
In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module, In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over For connection.
Referring to fig. 4, an illustrative diagram of a balance module is shared for two single batteries.When a shared equilibrium When two section single batteries of module are required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, the balance module and every section monomer electricity Pond alternately connects.Alternately connection can be the connection according to certain period alternately.As a result, in acquisition module and balance module point When conducting on the basis of, in balancing period, share the single battery of the same balance module alternately equilibrium model shared with this Block connection is realized balanced.
In one embodiment, acquisition module can be voltage acquisition chip, for acquiring the period, to the electricity of single battery Pressure is acquired.
Referring to Fig. 5, based on battery equalization system shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 any embodiment, the disclosure one The battery equalization method of embodiment includes:
In step s 51, the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack is obtained；
In step S52, balanced required reference time change rate is obtained；
In step S53, according to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized in the battery pack, the reference time Change rate and preset balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein the equilibrium accounts for Sky than the ratio for balancing period and the unit period in the unit period, the unit period include the balancing period with Sampling periods；
It is described to equal in the balancing period control of the unit period according to the target equilibrium duration in step S54 The equilibrium of weighing apparatus single battery.
In the sampling periods of unit period, control module control acquisition module acquires each monomer electricity in battery pack respectively The battery information in pond can obtain the time rate of change of each single battery by battery information.Wherein, battery information can be such as Including at least one of following information: the information such as voltage, electric current and temperature.At this point, balance module stops working.
In the balancing period of unit period, control module controls balance module and carries out to the module to be equalized in battery pack It is balanced.At this point, sampling module stops working.
Time when for the specified physical quantity of single battery Unit alteration can occur for the time rate of change of single battery becomes Change amount.For example, in the disclosure with the voltage of single battery from initial voltage rise a unit voltage needed for the charging time (dt/dv) or the voltage of single battery from initial voltage decline needed for a unit voltage for discharge time (dt/dv) into Row explanation.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned steps S51 has and is not limited to following implementation:
In the charging process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining each single battery rises a unit from initial end voltage Charging time needed for voltage (for example, 1V)；
To each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the time rate of change value of the single battery is the single battery The ratio of the value of required charging time and the unit voltage；Alternatively,
In the discharge process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining each single battery declines a unit from initial end voltage Discharge time needed for voltage；
To each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the time rate of change value of the single battery is the single battery The ratio of the value of required discharge time and the unit voltage.
During the charge or discharge of battery pack, the voltage change situation of single battery is recorded, thus, it is possible to according to electricity Situation of change is pressed, gets the time rate of change of single battery according to the method described above.
Since under different SOC states, the voltage of battery is different with the rate of change of charge and discharge time.Therefore, according to The difference condition of the time rate of change of battery can identify SOC state difference locating for each single battery, and then identify each The consistent sex differernce of single battery, and then determine to need balanced single battery.
In step S52, according to the time rate of change of each single battery, reference time change rate is determined.
In one embodiment, can change the time rate of change of any of battery pack single battery as the reference time Rate, such as using the time rate of change of Section 2 single battery in battery pack as reference time change rate, or, when in battery pack Between the maximum single battery of change rate time rate of change, or, in battery pack the smallest single battery of time rate of change time Change rate, or, the time rate of change that time rate of change comes the single battery of middle in battery pack (includes surprise for battery pack The case where several single batteries).
In another embodiment, reference time change rate is also possible to the time according to single battery each in battery pack What change rate was calculated, such as: the average value of the time rate of change of each single battery in the group of pond, or, the time in battery pack The average value that change rate comes the time rate of change of two most intermediate single batteries (includes even number monomer electricity for battery pack The case where pond).
Refer to following table 1, table 1 illustrate the parameter for determining single battery to be equalized be respectively voltage value, SOC, When internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate or time rate of change, determined from battery pack need it is balanced to The mode of balanced single battery, and after determining single battery to be equalized, it is subsequent to be carried out to corresponding single battery to be equalized Balanced mode.
Wherein, the self-discharge rate of single battery, for characterizing the capacitance loss situation and capacitance loss rate of single battery. In one embodiment, when battery pack stops working and reaches stable state (t1 moment), it detects and records power battery pack The open-circuit voltage values V1 of each single battery；When battery pack is again started up the moment (t2 moment) of start-up operation, detects and record dynamic The open-circuit voltage values V2 of each single battery of power battery pack；According to each single battery open-circuit voltage values detected twice, calculate The self-discharge rate η of each single battery out, the calculation method of self-discharge rate value η are as follows:
(1) battery-based OCV (Open Circuit Voltage, open-circuit voltage)-SOC curve is (than as shown in FIG. 6 Curve), the corresponding SOC value of V1 and the corresponding SOC value of V2 are found out according to the V1 and V2 that detect；
(2) the SOC changing value Δ SOC of battery is calculated according to two SOC values for corresponding respectively to V1 and V2；
(3) capacitance C is expired according to Δ SOC and battery, calculates the battery capacity of self-discharge of battery releasing, Δ Q=Δ SOC*C；
(4) value of battery self discharge rate η: η=Δ Q/ (t1-t2) is calculated.
Voltage when for the specified physical quantity of single battery Unit alteration can occur for the voltage change ratio of single battery becomes Change amount.For example, default electricity, the voltage variety (dv/dq) of single battery are filled with or released to single battery in the disclosure； Or charge or discharge preset duration is carried out to single battery, it is illustrated for the voltage variety (dv/dt) of single battery.
Electricity when for the specified physical quantity of single battery Unit alteration can occur for the electric quantity change rate of single battery becomes Change amount.For example, rising the electricity being filled with needed for a unit voltage from initial voltage with the voltage of single battery in the disclosure (dq/dv) or the voltage of single battery from initial voltage decline unit voltage reduction electricity (dq/dv) for carry out Explanation.
Table 1
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, balanced duty ratio is the ratio of the balancing period and the unit period in the unit period, It can be used to characterize the accounting of balancing period and sampling periods in unit period.Preset equilibrium duty ratio can be to be set in advance Fixed, the constant balanced duty ratio in balancing procedure, for example it is set as 50%, etc..
Optionally, after determining the single battery for needing equilibrium, the target for needing balanced single battery can be determined Balanced duration, it is balanced to needing balanced single battery to carry out then according to identified target equilibrium duration.Wherein, target The determination of balanced duration, be the time rate of change of single battery as needed balanced, reference time change rate and it is preset What the duty ratio that weighs determined.
Optionally, according to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized, the reference time change rate and preset Balanced duty ratio determines the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
The smallest single battery of difference of time rate of change value in the battery pack and the reference time rate of change value is true It is set to reference battery；
When the initial end voltage of the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized and the reference battery is not identical, root According to the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized, the initial end voltage of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, really The fixed target equilibrium duration；
When the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery, according to The charging time of the single battery to be equalized, the charging time of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine described in Target equilibrium duration, or, according to the discharge time of the single battery to be equalized, discharge time of the reference battery and described Balanced duty ratio determines the target equilibrium duration.
Wherein, according to the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized, the initial end voltage of the reference battery and institute Balanced duty ratio is stated, determines the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
According to the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC of the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the reference battery Curve determines the first SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery；
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC of the single battery to be equalized Curve determines second SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized；
According to first SOC value, second SOC value and the balanced duty ratio, the target equilibrium duration is determined.
Similarly, according to the charging time of the single battery to be equalized, the reference battery charging time and it is described Weigh duty ratio, determines the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
When charging needed for rising a unit voltage from initial end voltage according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized Between, the voltage of the reference battery from initial end voltage rise a unit voltage needed for charging time and current integration Value, determines the capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery
According to the euqalizing current of the capacity difference, the balanced the duty when battery to be balanced, the target is determined Balanced duration.
Similarly, according to the discharge time of the single battery to be equalized, the reference battery discharge time and it is described Weigh duty ratio, determines the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
When electric discharge needed for declining a unit voltage from initial end voltage according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized Between, the voltage of the reference battery from initial end voltage decline a unit voltage needed for discharge time and current integration Value, determines the capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery；
According to the euqalizing current of the capacity difference, the balanced the duty when battery to be balanced, the target is determined Balanced duration.
In embodiment of the disclosure, initial end voltage is the voltage detected when battery pack is just started to charge or discharged, Or the voltage of single battery that detects of detection moment in a certain setting.
1) when the initial end voltage of the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized and the reference battery is not identical, Determine that the process of target equilibrium duration is as follows:
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the internal resistance value of the reference battery, the reference battery is determined Reference OCV value；
According to described with reference to OCV value and the OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery, by described with reference to the corresponding SOC of OCV value Value is determined as first SOC value；
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine The OCV value of the single battery to be equalized；
According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, determine that the OCV value of the single battery to be equalized is corresponding SOC value be second SOC value；
According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is the first SOC SOC difference between value and second SOC value, CnFor the active volume of the single battery to be equalized；
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein t is the target equilibrium duration, and I is institute The euqalizing current of single battery to be equalized is stated, τ is the balanced duty ratio.
2) when the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery, really The process for the balanced duration that sets the goal is as follows:
It is filled needed for rising (or decline) unit voltage from initial end voltage according to the voltage of single battery to be equalized The electric time, reference battery voltage from initial end voltage rise (or decline) unit voltage needed for charging time and electricity Integrated value is flowed, the electricity for obtaining single battery and reference battery to be equalized by current integration method is poor.
Specifically, the electric quantity change rate (dt/dv) for enabling reference battery is dt0/dv0, and the electricity of single battery to be equalized becomes Rate (dt/dv) is dt1/dv1, wherein dv0=dv1, for characterizing a unit voltage；Dt0 is for characterizing reference battery Charging duration needed for voltage rises unit voltage, alternatively, dt0 is used to characterize needed for the voltage decline unit voltage of reference battery Electric discharge duration；Charging duration needed for the voltage that dt1 is used to characterize single battery to be equalized rises unit voltage, alternatively, dt1 Electric discharge duration needed for voltage for characterizing single battery to be equalized declines unit voltage.It can so determine monomer to be equalized The difference of charging duration needed for battery and reference battery voltage rise unit voltage is Δ t=Δ (dt/dv) * dv0, alternatively, can Using the difference of electric discharge duration needed for determination single battery to be equalized and reference battery voltage decline unit voltage as Δ t=Δ (dt/ dv)*dv0；Then according to formula Δ Q=∫ I0Δ t, determines capacity difference, wherein I0For reference battery during charge and discharge Real-time charge and discharge electric current；
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein Δ Q is the capacity difference, and t is the mesh Balanced duration is marked, I is the euqalizing current, and τ is the balanced duty ratio.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, OCV-SOC curve is got by measurement.For example, for a certain list Body battery at interval of certain SOC value, then measures one-shot battery during variation between its SOC value is from 0 to 100% Open-circuit voltage OCV, the OCV for then answering each pair of point and SOC are corresponded, and form the SOC-OCV curve of the single battery.Figure 6 be the schematic diagram of the OCV-SOC curve of single battery.
OCV value is the open-circuit voltage values of single battery, different from load voltage values.Referring to Fig. 7 and formula (1), work as battery pack When in discharge condition or charged state, using internal resistance of cell model, single battery is equivalent to ideal voltage source and resistance R goes here and there Connection.Then for a single battery, the voltage value V for the single battery that sampling can be obtained according to formula (1)L(i.e. load voltage values) Be converted to open-circuit voltage values:
OCV=VL+I×R (1)
Wherein, VLTo acquire in the period, the collected load voltage values of acquisition module；I is acquisition module in the acquisition period Collected discharge current or charging current；R is the internal resistance value of single battery.
It should be understood that can first acquire the load voltage of single battery when measurement open-circuit voltage OCV, then turned according to formula (1) It is changed to corresponding open-circuit voltage OCV.
As a result, can according to reference voltage value, the internal resistance value of reference battery and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of reference battery, Get above-mentioned first SOC value, the second SOC value.
After obtaining the first SOC value and the second SOC value, following steps are executed:
According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is the first SOC value and second SOC difference between SOC value, CnFor the active volume of single battery to be equalized；
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein Δ Q is the capacity difference, and t is the mesh Balanced duration is marked, I is the euqalizing current, and τ is the balanced duty ratio.
Reference time change rate is different, different to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process.Below to reference Time rate of change is minimum value, the feelings of maximum value and average value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery Condition is illustrated respectively.
1) the case where reference time change rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery Under, between the time rate of change of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference time change rate needed for balanced judgement Time rate of change difference, comprising: determine that the time rate of change of following single battery becomes with the reference time needed for balanced judgement Time rate of change difference between rate:
The maximum single battery of time rate of change in the battery pack；Or
Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to time rate of change is the single battery of the minimum value.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is time rate of change difference at least one described single battery After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: when the battery pack is in charging When in the process, controls time rate of change difference at least one described single battery and be greater than or equal to the balanced unlatching threshold value Single battery charging；When the battery pack is in discharge process, time change at least one described single battery is controlled Rate difference is greater than or equal to the balanced single battery electric discharge for opening threshold value.
It specifically, is the minimum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery in reference time change rate In the case of, only the time rate of change of the maximum single battery of time rate of change in battery pack can be done with reference time change rate Difference, and then judge whether the maximum single battery of time rate of change is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.Such implementation Mode is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs equilibrium.
In the case where reference time change rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery, It can also be by the time rate of change of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of time rate of change, with ginseng It examines time rate of change to make the difference, and then judges the electricity of the other monomers in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of time rate of change Pond, if be to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge electricity Other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the smallest single battery of time rate of change, if be to need balanced single battery.
In the case where reference time change rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery, It is to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process:
In view of time rate of change is big, on the one hand may as the internal resistance of cell it is small caused by.It on the other hand may be presence Caused by capacity volume variance, that is, SOC initial difference.Wherein, the small battery of internal resistance, aging is not serious, during the charging process, voltage Rise slowly, therefore, when battery pack is in charging process, discharges the single battery for needing equilibrium；In view of internal resistance is small Battery, aging is not serious, during discharge, slows down under voltage, therefore, when the battery pack is in discharge process, Single battery charging to equilibrium is needed.
2) the case where reference time change rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery Under, between the time rate of change of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference time change rate needed for balanced judgement Time rate of change difference, comprising: determine that the time rate of change of following single battery becomes with the reference time needed for balanced judgement Time rate of change difference between rate:
The smallest single battery of time rate of change in the battery pack；Or
Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to time rate of change is the single battery of the maximum value.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is time rate of change difference at least one described single battery After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: when the battery pack is in charging When in the process, controls time rate of change difference at least one described single battery and be greater than or equal to the balanced unlatching threshold value Single battery charging；When the battery pack is in discharge process, time change at least one described single battery is controlled Rate difference is greater than or equal to the balanced single battery electric discharge for opening threshold value.
It specifically, is the maximum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery in reference time change rate In the case of, only the time rate of change of the smallest single battery of time rate of change in battery pack can be done with reference time change rate Difference, and then judge whether the smallest single battery of time rate of change is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.Such implementation Mode is only capable of judging whether a single battery needs equilibrium.
In the case where reference time change rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery, It can also be by the time rate of change of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of time rate of change, with ginseng It examines time rate of change to make the difference, and then judges the electricity of the other monomers in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of time rate of change Pond, if be to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge electricity Other monomers battery of the Chi Zuzhong in addition to the maximum single battery of time rate of change, if be to need balanced single battery.
In the case where reference time change rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the time rate of change of each single battery, It is to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process:
In view of time rate of change is big, on the one hand may as the internal resistance of cell it is small caused by.It on the other hand may be presence Caused by capacity volume variance, that is, SOC initial difference.Wherein, the small battery of internal resistance, aging is not serious, during the charging process, voltage Rise slowly, therefore, when battery pack is in charging process, discharges the single battery for needing equilibrium；In view of internal resistance is small Battery, aging is not serious, during discharge, slows down under voltage, therefore, when the battery pack is in discharge process, Single battery charging to equilibrium is needed.
3) in the case where reference time change rate is the average value of the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack, Between the time rate of change of at least one single battery described in the determination and reference time change rate needed for balanced judgement Time rate of change difference, comprising: determine that the time rate of change of each single battery and the reference time become in the battery pack Time rate of change difference between rate.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is time rate of change difference at least one described single battery After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:
When the battery pack is in charging process, it is small to control time rate of change in the single battery for needing equilibrium It discharges in the single battery of the average value, and controls time rate of change in the single battery for needing equilibrium and be greater than described put down The single battery of mean value charges；
When the battery pack is in discharge process, it is small to control time rate of change in the single battery for needing equilibrium It charges in the single battery of the average value, and controls time rate of change in the single battery for needing equilibrium and be greater than described put down The single battery of mean value discharges.
Specifically, in the feelings that reference time change rate is the average value of the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack Under condition, the time rate of change of single battery each in battery pack can be made the difference with reference time change rate, and then judge battery Whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery in group.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, energy Disposably judge whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.
It is right in the case where reference time change rate is the average value of the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack Needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process is:
In view of time rate of change is big, on the one hand may as the internal resistance of cell it is small caused by.It on the other hand may be presence Caused by capacity volume variance, that is, SOC initial difference.Wherein, the small battery of internal resistance, aging is not serious, during the charging process, voltage Rise slowly, during discharge, slowed down under voltage, therefore, when battery pack is in charging process, to the list for needing equilibrium The single battery that time rate of change is less than time rate of change average value in body battery discharges, and in the single battery for needing equilibrium The single battery that time rate of change is greater than time rate of change average value charges；Similarly, right when battery pack is in discharge process The single battery that time rate of change is less than time rate of change average value in balanced single battery is needed to charge, and to needing equilibrium Single battery in time rate of change be greater than time rate of change average value single battery discharge.
It should be understood that then continuation is according at least one monomer electricity in battery pack if it is determined that not needing balanced single battery The time rate of change in pond judges whether the single battery of equilibrium in need.Balanced single battery is carried out without needs when determining When, control module can be without movement, so that the corresponding balance module of any battery is not turned on.
It is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 8.Single battery to be equalized is controlled to carry out Weighing apparatus needs that above-mentioned balanced judgement is combined to carry out.The step of being judged according to equilibrium, determines that the balanced way of single battery to be equalized is Passive equilibrium (discharging single battery to be equalized) or active equalization (fill single battery to be equalized Electricity), and corresponding balance module is connected.
Referring to Fig. 8, for passive balanced, balance module includes: a resistance 811, the corresponding equilibrium of each single battery Module, i.e., the both ends of an every section single battery resistance in parallel.
For needing to carry out passive balanced single battery to be equalized, control module controls the single battery to be equalized and its Shunt circuit conducting between corresponding resistance, to execute the passive equilibrium to the single battery.Referring to Fig. 8, control module is logical The conducting of control switch module 812 is crossed, realizes the conducting of the shunt circuit between the corresponding resistance of single battery to be equalized.
Resistance 811 can be fixed value resistance or variable resistance.In one embodiment, resistance 811 can be positive temperature coefficient Thermistor, can variation with temperature and change, the euqalizing current generated when thus adjustable balanced, and then automatically adjust electricity The calorific value of the equal balance system in pond, and finally control effectively to the temperature of battery equalization system.
Referring to Fig. 8, for active equalization, balance module includes in parallel with each of battery pack single battery 95 Charging paths 94, charging paths 94 and single battery 95 correspond, and each charging paths 94 are all connected to generator 92, hair Motor 92 is connect with engine 91 by gear mechanism.
For needing to carry out the single battery to be equalized of active equalization, control module control and the single battery pair to be equalized The charging paths 94 answered are connected.When engine 91 rotates, then generator 92 is driven to generate electricity, thus by 92 electricity amount of generator It is conveyed to single battery to be equalized, increases the electricity of the single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Fig. 8, when generator 92 is alternating current generator, balance module further includes and the concatenated rectifier of generator 92 93, each charging paths 130 are connected the rectifier 132.It is converted by the alternating current that rectifier 93 issues generator 92 After direct current, generator 92 can be made to can be used in charging to single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Fig. 8, control module can be connected by controlling switch 96 corresponding with single battery to be equalized, so that should be to equal The corresponding charging paths conducting of the single battery that weighs, executes the active equalization to single battery to be equalized.
In further embodiments, in addition to shown in Fig. 8, charged using generator to single battery outside, can also lead to The starting battery crossed in vehicle is that single battery to be equalized charges.
It in another embodiment,, can also will be to be equalized outside parallel resistance and single battery to be equalized in addition to shown in Fig. 8 Single battery is in parallel with the starting battery of vehicle, the electricity that single battery to be equalized is released is filled with starting battery, realization is treated It is effectively avoided energy waste while the equilibrium of balanced single battery.
As described above, in embodiment of the disclosure, multiple single batteries can share a balance module, when one shared When having at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery of balance module, the balance module is balanced with needs extremely Every section single battery in few two section single batteries alternately connects, and carries out respectively balanced.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned battery equalization system.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer program Instruction, the program instruction realize above-mentioned battery equalization method when being executed by processor.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising: aforementioned computer readable storage medium storing program for executing；With And one or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.

Claims (29)

1. a kind of battery equalization method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Obtain the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack；
Obtain balanced required reference time change rate；
According to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized in the battery pack, the reference time change rate and it is preset Weigh duty ratio, determines the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein the equilibrium duty ratio is in the unit period Balancing period and the unit period ratio, the unit period includes the balancing period and sampling periods；
According to the target equilibrium duration, the equal of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period Weighing apparatus.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the single battery to be equalized according in the battery pack Time rate of change, the reference time change rate and preset balanced duty ratio, determine the mesh of the single battery to be equalized Mark balanced duration, comprising:
The smallest single battery of difference of time rate of change value in the battery pack and the reference time rate of change value is determined as Reference battery；
Whether the initial end voltage for judging the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery；
When the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery, according to described The charging time of single battery to be equalized, the charging time of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine the target Balanced duration, or, according to the discharge time of the single battery to be equalized, the discharge time of the reference battery and the equilibrium Duty ratio determines the target equilibrium duration.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the initial end voltage for judging the single battery to be equalized With the initial end voltage of the reference battery it is whether identical after, further includes:
When the initial end voltage of the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized and the reference battery is not identical, according to institute The initial end voltage of single battery to be equalized, the initial end voltage of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio are stated, determines institute State target equilibrium duration.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the initial end electricity according to the single battery to be equalized Pressure, the initial end voltage of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
Open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC according to the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the reference battery is bent Line determines the first SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery；
It is bent according to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC of the single battery to be equalized Line determines second SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized；
According to first SOC value, second SOC value and the balanced duty ratio, the target equilibrium duration is determined.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the initial terminal voltage value according to the reference battery and The open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of the reference battery, the determining initial terminal voltage value pair with the reference battery The first SOC value answered, comprising:
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the internal resistance value of the reference battery, the ginseng of the reference battery is determined Examine OCV value；
It, will be described true with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value according to described with reference to OCV value and the OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery It is set to first SOC value；
It is bent according to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC of the single battery to be equalized Line determines second SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine described in The OCV value of single battery to be equalized；
According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, determine that the OCV value of the single battery to be equalized is corresponding SOC value is second SOC value.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described according to first SOC value, second SOC value And the balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is first SOC value and institute State the SOC difference between the second SOC value, CnFor the active volume of the single battery to be equalized；
Determine the target equilibrium duration according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein t is the target equilibrium duration, I be it is described to The euqalizing current of balanced single battery, τ are the balanced duty ratio.
7. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when the charging according to the single battery to be equalized Between, charging time of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration, or, according to it is described to The discharge time of balanced single battery, the discharge time of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine that the target is equal Weigh duration, comprising:
Charging time, institute needed for rising a unit voltage from initial end voltage according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized The voltage of reference battery is stated from charging time and current integration values needed for initial end voltage one unit voltage of rising, is determined The capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery, or it is electric from initial end according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized Discharge time needed for one unit voltage of drops, the reference battery voltage from initial end voltage decline a unit electricity Discharge time and current integration values needed for pressure, determine the capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery；
According to the euqalizing current of the capacity difference, the balanced the duty when battery to be balanced, determine that the target is balanced Duration.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that it is described according to the capacity difference, the balanced duty when The euqalizing current of the battery to be balanced determines the target equilibrium duration, comprising:
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein Δ Q is the capacity difference, and t is that the target is equal Weigh duration, and I is the euqalizing current, and τ is the balanced duty ratio.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described obtain battery pack in single battery to be equalized when Between change rate, comprising:
In the charging process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining the single battery to be equalized rises one from initial end voltage Charging time needed for unit voltage；
Determine required charging time and the unit of the time rate of change value of the single battery to be equalized for the single battery The ratio of the value of voltage；Alternatively,
In the discharge process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining the single battery to be equalized declines one from initial end voltage Discharge time needed for unit voltage；
Determine required discharge time and the list of the time rate of change value of the single battery to be equalized for the single battery The ratio of the value of position voltage.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein described obtain balanced required reference time change rate, packet It includes:
Minimum time rate of change value in the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference Time rate of change；Or,
Maximum time rate of change value in the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference Time rate of change；Or,
The average value of the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference time change rate.
11. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method also includes:
According to the battery parameter information of single battery each in the battery pack, the monomer to be equalized is determined from the battery pack Battery, wherein the battery parameter information includes voltage value, internal resistance value, self-discharge rate value, SOC value, electric quantity change rate and electricity At least one of buckling rate.
12. a kind of battery equalization system characterized by comprising balance module, acquisition module and control module,
The acquisition module is used to acquire the battery information of battery pack, and the battery information is for determining each list in the battery pack The time rate of change of body battery；
The control module is used to obtain the time rate of change of each single battery in battery pack；Obtain the balanced required reference time Change rate；According to the time rate of change of the single battery to be equalized in the battery pack, the reference time change rate and preset Balanced duty ratio, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, wherein it is described equilibrium duty ratio be unit week The ratio of balancing period and the unit period in phase, the unit period includes the balancing period and sampling periods；And According to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period；
The balance module is used to carry out the single battery to be equalized balanced.
13. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
The smallest single battery of difference of time rate of change value in the battery pack and the reference time rate of change value is determined as Reference battery；
Whether the initial end voltage for judging the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery；
When the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized is identical as the initial end voltage of the reference battery, according to described The charging time of single battery to be equalized, the charging time of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio, determine the target Balanced duration, or, according to the discharge time of the single battery to be equalized, the discharge time of the reference battery and the equilibrium Duty ratio determines the target equilibrium duration.
14. battery equalization system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the control module is also used to:
The initial end voltage of the initial end voltage that judges the single battery to be equalized and the reference battery it is whether identical it Afterwards, when the initial end voltage of the initial end voltage of the single battery to be equalized and the reference battery is not identical, according to institute The initial end voltage of single battery to be equalized, the initial end voltage of the reference battery and the balanced duty ratio are stated, determines institute State target equilibrium duration.
15. battery equalization system according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC according to the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the reference battery is bent Line determines the first SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery；
It is bent according to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC of the single battery to be equalized Line determines second SOC value corresponding with the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized；
According to first SOC value, second SOC value and the balanced duty ratio, the target equilibrium duration is determined.
16. battery equalization system according to claim 15, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the reference battery and the internal resistance value of the reference battery, the ginseng of the reference battery is determined Examine OCV value；
It, will be described true with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value according to described with reference to OCV value and the OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery It is set to first SOC value；
According to the initial terminal voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine described in The OCV value of single battery to be equalized；
According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, determine that the OCV value of the single battery to be equalized is corresponding SOC value is second SOC value.
17. battery equalization system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is first SOC value and institute State the SOC difference between the second SOC value, CnFor the active volume of the single battery to be equalized；
Determine the target equilibrium duration according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein t is the target equilibrium duration, I be it is described to The euqalizing current of balanced single battery, τ are the balanced duty ratio.
18. battery equalization system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Charging time, institute needed for rising a unit voltage from initial end voltage according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized The voltage of reference battery is stated from charging time and current integration values needed for initial end voltage one unit voltage of rising, is determined The capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery, or it is electric from initial end according to the voltage of the single battery to be equalized Discharge time needed for one unit voltage of drops, the reference battery voltage from initial end voltage decline a unit electricity Discharge time and current integration values needed for pressure, determine the capacity difference of the battery to be balanced and the reference battery；
According to the euqalizing current of the capacity difference, the balanced the duty when battery to be balanced, determine that the target is balanced Duration.
19. battery equalization system according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/ (I × τ), wherein Δ Q is the capacity difference, and t is that the target is equal Weigh duration, and I is the euqalizing current, and τ is the balanced duty ratio.
20. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
In the charging process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining the single battery to be equalized rises one from initial end voltage Charging time needed for unit voltage；
Determine required charging time and the unit of the time rate of change value of the single battery to be equalized for the single battery The ratio of the value of voltage；Alternatively,
In the discharge process of the battery pack, the voltage for obtaining the single battery to be equalized declines one from initial end voltage Discharge time needed for unit voltage；
Determine required discharge time and the list of the time rate of change value of the single battery to be equalized for the single battery The ratio of the value of position voltage.
21. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Minimum time rate of change value in the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference Time rate of change；Or,
Maximum time rate of change value in the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference Time rate of change；Or,
The average value of the time rate of change value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference time change rate.
22. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module is also used to:
According to the battery parameter information of single battery each in the battery pack, the monomer to be equalized is determined from the battery pack Battery, wherein the battery parameter information includes voltage value, internal resistance value, self-discharge rate value, SOC value, electric quantity change rate and electricity At least one of buckling rate.
23. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module by channel with Acquisition module corresponding to same single battery is connected with balance module, and the control module is used in the determining and control module When the single battery of connection does not need to carry out equilibrium, controls the control module and connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,
The control module is also used to the acquisition when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced Channel described in module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.
24. battery equalization system according to claim 23, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, The control chip is by a pin and one channel and corresponding to the acquisition module and equilibrium model of same single battery Block connection.
25. battery equalization system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module passes through two channels point It is not connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.
26. battery equalization system according to claim 25, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, The control chip is connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery respectively by two pins, described Two pins and described two channels correspond.
27. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, which is characterized in that the program instruction Claim 1-11 described in any item methods are realized when being executed by processor.
28. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising
Computer readable storage medium described in claim 27；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
29. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that the vehicle includes: battery pack and the described in any item electricity of claim 12-26 The equal balance system in pond.
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