CN110006055B - Double-unit garbage gasification incinerator and garbage treatment method - Google Patents
Double-unit garbage gasification incinerator and garbage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110006055B CN110006055B CN201910235930.8A CN201910235930A CN110006055B CN 110006055 B CN110006055 B CN 110006055B CN 201910235930 A CN201910235930 A CN 201910235930A CN 110006055 B CN110006055 B CN 110006055B
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- incineration
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- air outlet
- air inlet
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-unit garbage gasification incinerator and a garbage treatment method, comprising an incinerator for incinerating and cracking garbage, a gasifier for gasifying the garbage and a mixed combustion stove for combusting gasification gas generated in the gasifier and cracking smoke generated in the incinerator; the incinerator is internally provided with a first incineration cavity and a second incineration cavity, and the mixed combustion stove is provided with a first air inlet channel which is respectively communicated with the first incineration cavity and the second incineration cavity and is used for enabling pyrolysis smoke to enter the mixed combustion stove, a second air inlet channel which is communicated with the gasifier and is used for enabling gasification gas to enter the mixed combustion stove, and a wind source power device which is used for pumping air into the mixed combustion stove; the first incineration cavity is provided with a first air outlet which is communicated with the first air inlet channel, the second incineration cavity is provided with a second air outlet which is communicated with the first air inlet channel, and the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator further comprises an air outlet adjusting device which is used for respectively adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet and the caliber of the second air outlet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal equipment, in particular to a double-unit garbage gasification incinerator and a garbage disposal method.
Background
With the development of social economy and modern industry, a large amount of urban garbage is generated each year, and most of garbage is subjected to incineration treatment at present, so that the occupied space of the garbage is greatly reduced, and particularly, if the garbage is subjected to filling treatment, soil, underground water and atmosphere are seriously polluted.
At present, a garbage incinerator is often adopted to incinerate garbage, but when the garbage is incinerated by the existing garbage incinerator, when the garbage treatment capacity is large, the smoke generated by garbage incineration is too much, the garbage incinerator can not timely burn the smoke, part of the smoke is still released to the outside, the smoke contains more harmful gas and particulate matters, serious pollution is caused to the air, garbage with high water content can not be directly treated, and when the water content of the treated garbage is high, the treated garbage is difficult to ignite or can not be stably combusted, so that the garbage is required to be dried and then incinerated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-unit garbage gasification incinerator and a garbage treatment method, which are used for solving the technical problems that a large amount of smoke is generated and garbage with high water content cannot be directly treated when the existing garbage incinerator incinerates garbage.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dual-unit garbage gasification incinerator including an incinerator for incinerating and cracking garbage, a gasifier for gasifying garbage, and a mixed combustion range for combusting gasification gas generated in the gasifier and cracked smoke generated in the incinerator; the incinerator is internally provided with a first incineration cavity and a second incineration cavity, and the mixed combustion stove is provided with a first air inlet channel which is respectively communicated with the first incineration cavity and the second incineration cavity and is used for enabling pyrolysis smoke to enter the mixed combustion stove, a second air inlet channel which is communicated with the gasifier and is used for enabling gasification gas to enter the mixed combustion stove, and a wind source power device which is used for pumping air into the mixed combustion stove; the first incineration cavity is provided with a first air outlet which is communicated with the first air inlet channel, the second incineration cavity is provided with a second air outlet which is communicated with the first air inlet channel, and the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator further comprises an air outlet adjusting device which is used for respectively adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet and the caliber of the second air outlet so as to respectively adjust the flow of pyrolysis flue gas which is introduced into the first air inlet channel by the first incineration cavity and the second incineration cavity.
Further, the air outlet adjusting device comprises a first adjusting door which is connected to the first air outlet in a sliding way, a first push-pull rod which is arranged on the incinerator in a penetrating way and is connected with the first adjusting door, a second adjusting door which is connected to the second air outlet in a sliding way, and a second push-pull rod which is arranged on the incinerator in a penetrating way and is connected with the second adjusting door.
Further, a heat conducting partition plate is arranged between the first incineration chamber and the second incineration chamber.
Further, the height of the air outlet of the first air inlet channel is higher than that of the air outlet of the second air inlet channel, so that gasified gas in the mixed combustion stove is combusted, and then the cracked gas entering the inner cavity of the mixed combustion stove is ignited.
Further, the second air inlet channel comprises an inward extending pipeline extending into the mixed combustion stove and an outward extending pipeline communicating the gasification stove and the inward extending pipeline; the overhanging pipeline is horizontally arranged; or one end of the extending pipeline, which is used for being connected with the extending pipeline, is obliquely arranged upwards, so that tar and sewage carried by the gasified gas contact the wall body of the extending pipeline when the gasified gas enters the extending pipeline and flow back into the gasification furnace along the extending pipeline.
Further, a combustion zone for mixed combustion of gasified gas, cracked flue gas and oxygen is formed in the mixed combustion stove, and an annular air inlet channel which is communicated with the wind source power device and is circumferentially distributed and used for conveying air is arranged on the peripheral wall body of the combustion zone; the annular air inlet channel is provided with air inlet pipes for guiding air to enter the combustion zone, and the plurality of air inlet pipes are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the combustion zone so as to ensure that gasification gas and pyrolysis smoke in the combustion zone are stably combusted and form pressure difference between the combustion zone and the gasifier as well as between the combustion zone and the incinerator, so that gasification gas in the gasifier and pyrolysis smoke in the incinerator are guided to enter the combustion zone.
Further, the water content of the garbage treated by the gasification furnace is not more than 15%.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a garbage disposal method for disposing of garbage using the above-mentioned dual-unit garbage gasification incinerator, comprising the steps of: adding dry garbage with the water content lower than 15% into a gasification furnace, and adding a first batch of garbage into a first incineration cavity; starting the gasification furnace, igniting dry garbage in the gasification furnace and delivering a small amount of air into the gasification furnace so as to form an anoxic combustion environment in the gasification furnace to generate gasification gas, gradually gasifying the garbage in the gasification furnace until the gasification gas is generated and delivered into the mixed combustion furnace from the second air inlet channel; starting a wind source power device to pump air into the mixed combustion stove, fully mixing the air with gasified gas, and igniting the mixed gas; when the mixed combustion stove burns stably, igniting the first garbage in the first incineration cavity, adjusting the air outlet adjusting device, closing the second air outlet, and gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet to the maximum so as to incinerate and crack the first garbage in the first incineration cavity; adding a second batch of garbage into the second incineration cavity, igniting the second batch of garbage in the second incineration cavity when the first batch of garbage in the first incineration cavity enters an ending stage, adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet to be gradually closed by the air outlet adjusting device, and gradually adjusting the caliber of the second air outlet to be maximum at the same time so as to incinerate and crack the second batch of garbage in the second incineration cavity; adding a third batch of garbage into the first incineration cavity, starting the first incineration cavity when the second batch of garbage in the second incineration cavity enters an ending stage, carrying out incineration and pyrolysis on the third batch of garbage in the first incineration cavity, and adjusting an air outlet adjusting device to gradually adjust the caliber of the second air outlet to be closed, and simultaneously gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet to be maximum; the operation is repeated in the above manner to complete the treatment of all batches of waste.
Further, the first garbage treated by the first incineration chamber is dry garbage with the water content not exceeding 15%; the second batch of garbage and the subsequent batches of garbage are dry garbage with the water content of not more than 80% and the water content of the bottom layer of the garbage of not more than 15%; the ignition of the waste is carried out on dry waste with a moisture content of not more than 15%.
Further, the garbage in the first incineration chamber and the second incineration chamber is subjected to incineration and pyrolysis, and the method comprises the following steps of: opening an air inlet of the first incineration cavity to enable air to enter the first incineration cavity, and igniting garbage in the first incineration cavity for incineration; when the temperature in the first incineration chamber is increased to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the first incineration chamber is closed to prevent air from entering the first incineration chamber; opening an air inlet of the second incineration cavity to enable air to enter the second incineration cavity, and igniting garbage in the second incineration cavity for incineration; when the temperature in the second incineration chamber is increased to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the second incineration chamber is closed to prevent air from entering the second incineration chamber.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator, part of garbage is subjected to incineration and pyrolysis treatment through the incinerator, part of garbage is subjected to gasification treatment through the gasifier, so that the garbage treatment efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the first air inlet channel of the mixed combustion stove is communicated with the incinerator, the second air inlet channel is communicated with the gasifier, the pyrolysis flue gas and the gasification gas are conveyed into the mixed combustion stove, and air is pumped into the mixed combustion stove through the wind source power device, so that the gasification gas and the pyrolysis gas are combusted in the mixed combustion stove, most of gasification gas generated by garbage gasification is combustible gas, and the combustible gas in the pyrolysis flue gas generated by garbage incineration and pyrolysis is less, so that the pyrolysis flue gas cannot be combusted continuously and stably, or when the water in the pyrolysis flue gas generated by garbage incineration and pyrolysis is more, the pyrolysis flue gas is combusted through combustion, the pyrolysis flue gas is prevented from being released to the outside to cause air pollution, and the whole garbage treatment process is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and the economic cost of garbage treatment is reduced; when the gasified gas enters the mixed combustion stove for combustion, the gas is consumed, so that the mixed combustion stove and the incinerator form a pressure difference, and the cracking smoke in the incinerator is pumped into the mixed combustion stove, so that the incinerator 100 and the outside form a pressure difference, and the outside air is pumped into the incinerator; the first incineration cavity and the second incineration cavity are arranged in the incinerator to alternatively or simultaneously carry out garbage incineration and pyrolysis, and the flow of pyrolysis smoke which is led into the first air inlet channel by the first incineration cavity and the second incineration cavity is respectively regulated by the air outlet regulating device, so that the pressure difference between the incinerator and the mixed combustion stove is ensured to be stable, and the pyrolysis smoke is stably conveyed into the mixed combustion stove to be combusted; when the first incineration chamber and the second incineration chamber alternately perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis, the heat emitted by the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis is transferred to the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis, and the garbage in the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis is dried and preheated by utilizing the transferred heat, so that the garbage with high water content can be treated, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the incinerator according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Legend description:
100. An incinerator; 1. a first incineration chamber; 2. a second incineration chamber; 3. a first air outlet; 4. a second air outlet; 51. a first regulating gate; 52. a first push-pull rod; 53. a second regulating gate; 54. a second push-pull rod; 200. a gasification furnace; 300. a hybrid combustion range.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the invention can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the incinerator according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the dual unit garbage gasification incinerator of the present embodiment includes an incinerator 100 for incinerating and cracking garbage, a gasification furnace 200 for gasifying garbage, and a mixed combustion range 300 for combusting gasification gas generated in the gasification furnace 200 and cracked smoke generated in the incinerator 100; the incinerator 100 is internally provided with a first incineration chamber 1 and a second incineration chamber 2, and the mixed combustion stove 300 is provided with a first air inlet channel which is respectively communicated with the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2 and is used for leading pyrolysis smoke into the mixed combustion stove 300, a second air inlet channel which is communicated with the gasifier 200 and is used for leading gasification gas into the mixed combustion stove 300, and a wind source power device which is used for pumping air into the mixed combustion stove 300; the first incineration chamber 1 is provided with a first air outlet 3 which is used for being communicated with a first air inlet channel, the second incineration chamber 2 is provided with a second air outlet 4 which is used for being communicated with the first air inlet channel, and the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator further comprises an air outlet adjusting device which is used for respectively adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet 3 and the caliber of the second air outlet 4 so as to respectively adjust the flow of pyrolysis smoke which is introduced into the first air inlet channel by the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2.
The dual-unit garbage gasification incinerator of the embodiment performs incineration and pyrolysis treatment on a part of garbage through the incinerator 100, performs gasification treatment on a part of garbage through the gasifier 200, improves the efficiency of garbage treatment, simultaneously communicates with the incinerator 100 through the first air inlet channel of the mixed combustion stove 300, communicates with the gasifier 200 through the second air inlet channel, conveys the pyrolysis flue gas and gasification gas into the mixed combustion stove 300, and pumps air into the mixed combustion stove 300 through the wind source power device, so that the gasification gas and the pyrolysis gas are combusted in the mixed combustion stove 300, and as most of gasification gas generated by garbage gasification is combustible gas, the combustible gas in the pyrolysis flue gas generated by garbage incineration and pyrolysis is less, the pyrolysis flue gas is difficult to independently combust, or when the pyrolysis flue gas generated by garbage incineration and pyrolysis is more water, the pyrolysis flue gas cannot continuously and stably combust, so that the pyrolysis flue gas is combusted through combustion of the gasification gas, the pyrolysis flue gas is prevented from being released to the outside to cause air pollution, and the whole garbage treatment process does not need to use excessive other fuels, environmental protection and energy saving, and the economic cost of garbage treatment is reduced; when the gasified gas enters the mixed combustion stove 300 for combustion, the gas is consumed, so that the pressure difference is formed between the mixed combustion stove 300 and the incinerator 100, and the cracked smoke in the incinerator 100 is pumped into the mixed combustion stove 300, so that the pressure difference is formed between the incinerator 100 and the outside, and the outside air is pumped into the incinerator 100. The first incineration cavity 1 and the second incineration cavity 2 are arranged in the incinerator 100 to alternatively or simultaneously carry out garbage incineration and pyrolysis, and the flow of pyrolysis smoke which is led into the first air inlet channel by the first incineration cavity 1 and the second incineration cavity 2 is respectively regulated by the air outlet regulating device, so that the pressure difference between the incinerator 100 and the mixed combustion stove 300 is ensured to be stable, and the pyrolysis smoke is stably conveyed into the mixed combustion stove 300 to be combusted; when the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2 alternately perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis, the heat emitted by the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis is transferred to the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis, and the garbage in the incineration chamber which does not perform garbage incineration and pyrolysis is dried and preheated by utilizing the transferred heat, so that the garbage with high water content can be treated, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the air outlet adjusting device comprises a first adjusting door 51 slidably connected to the first air outlet 3, a first push-pull rod 52 penetrating through the incinerator 100 and connected to the first adjusting door 51, a second adjusting door 53 slidably connected to the second air outlet 4, and a second push-pull rod 54 penetrating through the incinerator 100 and connected to the second adjusting door 53. Optionally, a sealing ring is provided at the perforation of the incinerator 100 for penetrating the first push-pull rod 52 and the second push-pull rod 54. Optionally, a sealing ring matched with the shape of the first air outlet 3 is arranged on one surface of the first adjusting door 51, which is shielded on the first air outlet 3. One surface of the second regulating door 53, which is shielded from the second air outlet 4, is provided with a sealing ring matched with the shape of the second air outlet 4. The operator changes the caliber of the first air outlet 3 by pushing and pulling the first push-pull rod 52, and changes the caliber of the second air outlet 4 by pushing and pulling the second push-pull rod 54.
As shown in fig. 2, a heat conducting partition plate is arranged between the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2. The heat conducting partition plate has a function of heat transfer between the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2.
The height of the air outlet of the first air inlet channel is higher than that of the air outlet of the second air inlet channel, so that the gasified gas in the mixed combustion stove 300 is combusted, and then the cracked gas entering the inner cavity of the mixed combustion stove 300 is ignited. In the present embodiment, the combustion zone includes an inner combustion zone and an outer combustion zone formed along the bottom of the hybrid combustion burner 300 toward the burner, one side of the inner combustion zone being provided with ignition holes for ignition by the ignition device, and an annular intake passage being provided around the outer combustion zone. The content of combustible gas in the gasified gas is high, so that the gasified gas is easy to ignite, more gasified gas is in the inner combustion zone, more cracked smoke is in the outer combustion zone, and the cracked smoke in the combustion zone is ignited after the gasified gas in the inner combustion zone is ignited by the ignition device.
The second air intake passage includes an inward extending pipe extending into the hybrid combustion range 300 and an outward extending pipe communicating the gasification furnace 200 and the inward extending pipe. In this embodiment, the overhanging pipe is laid horizontally. Optionally, the outlet end of one end of the extending pipeline connected with the extending pipeline is arranged obliquely upwards, so that tar and sewage carried by the gasified gas contact the wall body of the extending pipeline and flow back into the gasifier along the extending pipeline when the gasified gas enters the extending pipeline. The tar is returned downward to the gasification furnace 200 for gasification. If sewage flows into the hybrid combustion range 300, gasification gas and pyrolysis gas are unstable in combustion. A combustion zone for mixed combustion of gasified gas and pyrolysis flue gas is formed in the mixed combustion stove 300, and an annular air inlet channel which is communicated with the wind source power device and is circumferentially distributed and used for conveying air is circumferentially arranged around the combustion zone; the annular air inlet channel is provided with air inlet pipes for guiding air to enter the combustion zone, and the plurality of air inlet pipes are circumferentially distributed to ensure that gasified gas and pyrolysis smoke in the combustion zone are stably combusted and form negative pressure so as to guide the pyrolysis smoke in the incinerator 100 to enter the combustion zone.
A combustion zone for mixed combustion of gasified gas, cracked flue gas and oxygen is formed in the mixed combustion stove 300, and an annular air inlet channel which is communicated with the wind source power device and used for conveying air is arranged on the peripheral wall body of the combustion zone; the annular air inlet channel is provided with air inlet pipes for guiding air to enter the combustion zone, and a plurality of air inlet pipes are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the combustion zone so as to ensure that gasification gas and pyrolysis smoke in the combustion zone are stably combusted, and pressure difference is formed between the combustion zone and the gasification furnace 200 as well as between the combustion zone and the incinerator 100 so as to guide gasification gas in the gasification furnace 200 and pyrolysis smoke in the incinerator 100 to enter the combustion zone. Because the central area of the combustion zone is far away from the annular air inlet channel, the air quantity is smaller than that of the area close to the annular air inlet channel, so that the combustion of the pyrolysis smoke and the gasification gas in the central area of the combustion zone is insufficient, the air is guided to the central area of the combustion zone by arranging the air inlet pipe with the outlet upwards and inwards inclined by 30-75 degrees, the stable combustion of the pyrolysis smoke and the gasification gas in the combustion zone is ensured, the pressure difference formed between the combustion zone and the incinerator 100 after the gas consumption is larger, and the pyrolysis smoke in the incinerator 100 is better guided to enter the combustion zone from the first air inlet channel, when the incinerator 100 is charged during the incineration process, the pyrolysis fume still enters the combustion zone of the hybrid combustion range 300 from the first air inlet channel, so that the pyrolysis fume is prevented from being discharged to the outside from the charging port. In this embodiment, the included angle between the central axis of the air inlet pipe and the central axis of the burner body is 60 degrees, and the combustion area consumes gas and the air flow is ejected upwards, so that the pressure difference between the combustion area and the incinerator 100 is maximized. If only through set up the wind hole so that the air gets into the combustion zone on annular inlet channel, then the air distribution in the combustion zone is inhomogeneous, and guides the flow direction of air through setting up the air-supply line, ensures that the air distribution in the combustion zone is even to make gasification gas and schizolysis flue gas stable combustion in the combustion zone. The wind source power device is provided with a first air outlet channel communicated with the annular air inlet channel and a second air outlet channel which extends into the second air inlet channel and extends towards the air outlet end of the second air inlet channel, the distance between the air outlet of the second air outlet channel and the air outlet end of the second air inlet channel is 200mm-500mm, so that a mixed channel of air and gasified gas is formed between the air outlet of the second air outlet channel and the air outlet end of the second air inlet channel, the radial size of the mixed channel is gradually reduced along the air flow direction, the flow rate of the mixed gas of the air and gasified gas is increased, and control valves are arranged on the first air outlet channel and the second air outlet channel. Air and gasification gas are mixed in the mixing channel and then enter the combustion zone from the air outlet end of the second air inlet channel for combustion, and the flow velocity of the mixed gas of the air and the gasification gas is increased due to the fact that the radial size of the mixing channel is gradually reduced along the air flow direction, so that the gasification gas is prevented from being combusted in the mixing channel. The air and the gasification gas are mixed and then conveyed into the combustion zone, so that smooth combustion of the gasification gas is ensured. In this embodiment, the wind source power device includes a first fan, and the first air outlet channel and the second air outlet channel are both communicated with an air outlet end of the first fan. In another embodiment, the wind source power device comprises a second fan with an air outlet end communicated with the first air outlet channel and a third fan with an air outlet end communicated with the second air outlet channel. In this embodiment, a part of air pumped by the wind source power enters the outer combustion zone through the first air outlet channel and the annular air inlet channel, a part of air pumped by the wind source power enters the inner combustion zone through the second air outlet channel and the mixing channel, and the air quantity in the outer combustion zone and the air quantity in the inner combustion zone are respectively adjusted by adjusting the control valves on the first air outlet channel and the second air outlet channel. The content of combustible gas in the gasified gas is high, so that the gasified gas is easy to ignite, more gasified gas is in the inner combustion zone, more cracked smoke is in the outer combustion zone, and after the gasified gas in the inner combustion zone is ignited by the ignition device, the cracked smoke in the outer combustion zone is ignited by the gasified gas.
The top wall surface of the annular air inlet channel is circumferentially provided with a plurality of first air holes for air to enter the upper part of the outer combustion zone, and the inner circumferential wall, close to the outer combustion zone, of the annular air inlet channel is circumferentially provided with a plurality of second air holes for air to enter the lower part of the outer combustion zone. The radial dimension of the first wind hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the second wind hole. In this embodiment, air in the annular intake passage enters the peripheral region at the upper portion of the outer combustion zone from the first air holes, enters the peripheral region at the lower portion of the outer combustion zone from the second air holes, and enters the central region of the outer combustion zone from the air inlet duct. Because a part of outside air can enter the upper part of the outer combustion zone from the upper part of the stove body, more air needs to be conveyed at the lower part of the outer combustion zone, and more air enters the lower part of the outer combustion zone from the second air hole than air enters the upper part of the outer combustion zone from the first air hole by setting that the diameter of the first air hole is smaller than that of the second air hole.
The gas outlet end of the second gas inlet channel extends into the stove body and faces the outlet direction of the stove body, a gas outlet hole for allowing gasified gas to enter the combustion zone is formed in the side wall surface of the gas outlet end of the second gas inlet channel, and a first fire pressing plate is covered on the gas outlet of the second gas inlet channel; the second fire-pressing plate is arranged above the air inlet pipe in the combustion zone, and the third fire-pressing plate is arranged in the combustion zone and close to the outlet of the stove body. Through setting up the first fire pushing plate that covers on the port of the interior end of stretching of second air inlet channel, make the gasification gas in the second air inlet channel get into in the combustion zone from the venthole on the lateral wall face, avoid gasification gas directly upwards to discharge to the external world, lead to the combustible gas in the combustion zone to reduce and can't burn smoothly.
The moisture content of the garbage treated by the gasification furnace 200 is not more than 15%. If the moisture content of the waste in the gasification furnace 200 exceeds 15%, it is difficult for the gasification reaction of the waste to proceed stably, and the generated gasification gas contains less combustible gas and more moisture, and it is difficult to burn in the mixed combustion range 300.
As shown in fig. 2, the incinerator 100 further comprises a first feeding device for feeding garbage into the first incineration chamber 1, a second feeding device for feeding garbage into the second incineration chamber 2, a first air distribution device provided at the bottom of the first incineration chamber 1, and a second air distribution device provided at the bottom of the second incineration chamber 2. The air inlet end of the first air distribution device is arranged at the bottom of the first incineration chamber 1 and is provided with a control valve. When the first incineration chamber 1 is communicated with the mixed combustion stove 300, as the combustion area and the first incineration chamber 1 form a pressure difference when the mixed combustion stove 300 burns, the pyrolysis fume in the first incineration chamber 1 enters the mixed combustion stove 300, so that the first incineration chamber 1 and the outside form a pressure difference, and the outside air enters the first incineration chamber 1 through the first air distribution device, and the air inlet quantity of the first incineration chamber 1 is regulated by regulating the control valve. The air inlet end of the second air distribution device is arranged at the bottom of the second incineration cavity 2 and is provided with a control valve. When the second incineration chamber 2 is communicated with the mixed combustion stove 300, as the combustion area and the second incineration chamber 2 form a pressure difference when the mixed combustion stove 300 burns, the pyrolysis fume in the second incineration chamber 2 enters the mixed combustion stove 300, so that the second incineration chamber 2 and the outside form a pressure difference, and the outside air enters the second incineration chamber 2 through the second air distribution device, and the air inlet quantity of the second incineration chamber 2 is regulated by regulating the control valve.
As shown in fig. 1, the gasification furnace 200 comprises a gasification cylinder for containing garbage and forming a gasification cavity, a ventilation pipe arranged at the bottom of the gasification cylinder along the circumferential direction and/or the radial direction, a fan communicated with the ventilation pipe is arranged at one side of the gasification cylinder, air pumped by the fan is guided and conveyed to different areas in the gasification cavity through the ventilation pipe, and an opening for feeding, a feeding door covered on the opening and a sealing device for sealing the feeding door on the opening during gasification are arranged at the top of the gasification cylinder.
The garbage disposal method of the embodiment adopts the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator for garbage disposal, and comprises the following steps: adding dry garbage with the water content lower than 15% into the gasifier 200, and adding a first batch of garbage into the first incineration chamber 1; starting the gasification furnace 200, igniting dry garbage in the gasification furnace 200 and delivering a small amount of air into the gasification furnace 200 so as to form an anoxic combustion environment in the gasification furnace 200 to generate gasification gas, gradually gasifying the garbage in the gasification furnace 200 until the gasification gas is generated and delivered into the mixed combustion stove 300 from the second air inlet channel; starting the wind source power device to pump air into the mixed combustion stove 300, fully mixing the air with gasified gas, and igniting the mixed gas; when the mixed combustion stove 300 is stably combusted, igniting the first garbage in the first incineration chamber 1, adjusting the air outlet adjusting device, closing the second air outlet 4, gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet 3 to the maximum, and incinerating and cracking the first garbage in the first incineration chamber 1; adding a second batch of garbage into the second incineration chamber 2, igniting the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber 2 when the first batch of garbage in the first incineration chamber 1 enters an ending stage, and adjusting the air outlet adjusting device to gradually adjust the caliber of the first air outlet 3 to be closed, and simultaneously gradually adjusting the caliber of the second air outlet 4 to be maximum so as to incinerate and crack the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber 2; adding a third batch of garbage into the first incineration chamber 1, starting the first incineration chamber 1 when the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber 2 enters an ending stage, carrying out incineration cracking on the third batch of garbage in the first incineration chamber 1, adjusting an air outlet adjusting device to gradually adjust the caliber of the second air outlet 4 to be closed, and gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet 3 to be maximum; the operation is repeated in the above manner to complete the treatment of all batches of waste. According to the garbage treatment method, the double-unit garbage gasification incinerator is adopted for garbage treatment, when garbage incineration and pyrolysis are alternately carried out through the first incineration cavity 1 and the second incineration cavity 2, the pyrolysis smoke generated in the ending stage of the garbage incineration and pyrolysis is quite dry, and the moisture content in the pyrolysis smoke generated in the initial stage of the garbage incineration and pyrolysis is more and difficult to stably burn, so that when the second batch of garbage is placed in the second incineration cavity 2 for incineration and pyrolysis, the caliber of the first air outlet 3 is gradually adjusted to be closed by the adjusting air outlet adjusting device, and meanwhile, the caliber of the second air outlet 4 is gradually adjusted to be maximum, so that the dry pyrolysis smoke generated in the ending stage of the first incineration cavity 1 and the wet pyrolysis smoke generated in the initial stage of the second incineration cavity 2 are mixed and then enter the mixed combustion stove 300, and the mixed pyrolysis smoke can be stably combusted. The heat emitted by the incineration cavity of the garbage incineration and pyrolysis is transferred to the incineration cavity which does not carry out the garbage incineration and pyrolysis, the garbage in the incineration cavity which does not carry out the garbage incineration and pyrolysis is dried and preheated by utilizing the transferred heat, and the first incineration cavity 1 and the second incineration cavity 2 alternately carry out the garbage incineration and pyrolysis, so that the garbage treatment efficiency is improved.
The first garbage treated by the first incineration chamber 1 is dry garbage with the water content not exceeding 15%; the second batch of garbage and the subsequent batches of garbage are dry garbage with the water content of not more than 80% and the water content of the bottom layer of the garbage of not more than 15%; the ignition of the waste is carried out on dry waste with a moisture content of not more than 15%. When the first garbage treated by the second incineration chamber 2 has a high water content and is difficult to ignite, heat generated when the first garbage is treated by the first incineration chamber 1 is transferred to the second incineration chamber 2, thereby drying the garbage in the second incineration chamber 2.
The garbage in the first incineration chamber 1 and the second incineration chamber 2 is subjected to incineration and pyrolysis, and the method comprises the following steps: opening an air inlet of the first incineration chamber 1 to enable air to enter the first incineration chamber 1, and igniting garbage in the first incineration chamber 1 for incineration; when the temperature in the first incineration chamber 1 is increased to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the first incineration chamber 1 is closed to prevent air from entering the first incineration chamber 1; opening an air inlet of the second incineration chamber 2 to enable air to enter the second incineration chamber 2, and igniting garbage in the second incineration chamber 2 for incineration; when the temperature in the second incineration chamber 2 increases to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the second incineration chamber 2 is closed to prevent air from entering the second incineration chamber 2.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of waste disposal, characterized in that waste disposal is performed using a dual-unit waste gasification incinerator, the dual-unit waste gasification incinerator comprising:
An incinerator (100) for incinerating and cracking garbage, a gasifier (200) for gasifying garbage, and a hybrid combustion range (300) for combusting gasification gas generated in the gasifier (200) and cracking flue gas generated in the incinerator (100);
a first incineration cavity (1) and a second incineration cavity (2) are arranged in the incinerator (100),
The mixed combustion stove (300) is provided with a first air inlet channel which is respectively communicated with the first incineration cavity (1) and the second incineration cavity (2) and is used for enabling pyrolysis smoke to enter the mixed combustion stove (300), a second air inlet channel which is communicated with the gasification stove (200) and is used for enabling gasification gas to enter the mixed combustion stove (300), and a wind source power device which is used for pumping air into the mixed combustion stove (300);
a first air outlet (3) used for being communicated with the first air inlet channel is arranged on the first incineration cavity (1), a second air outlet (4) used for being communicated with the first air inlet channel is arranged on the second incineration cavity (2),
The double-unit garbage gasification incinerator further comprises an air outlet adjusting device for adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet (3) and the caliber of the second air outlet (4) respectively so as to adjust the flow of pyrolysis flue gas which is introduced into the first air inlet channel by the first incineration cavity (1) and the second incineration cavity (2) respectively;
The garbage treatment method comprises the following steps:
dry garbage with the water content lower than 15% is added into the gasification furnace (200), and a first batch of garbage is added into the first incineration chamber (1);
starting the gasification furnace (200), igniting dry garbage in the gasification furnace (200) and delivering a small amount of air into the gasification furnace (200) so as to enable an anoxic combustion environment to be formed in the gasification furnace (200) to generate gasification gas, gradually gasifying the garbage in the gasification furnace (200) until the gasification gas is generated and delivered into the mixed combustion furnace (300) from the second air inlet channel;
Starting a wind source power device to pump air into the mixed combustion stove (300) and fully mix the air with gasification gas, and igniting the mixed gas;
when the mixed combustion stove (300) is used for stably combusting, igniting a first batch of garbage in the first incineration cavity (1), adjusting the air outlet adjusting device, closing the second air outlet (4), and gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet (3) to the maximum so as to incinerate and crack the first batch of garbage in the first incineration cavity (1);
Adding a second batch of garbage into the second incineration chamber (2), igniting the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber (2) when the first batch of garbage in the first incineration chamber (1) enters an ending stage, adjusting an air outlet adjusting device to gradually adjust the caliber of the first air outlet (3) to be closed, and gradually adjusting the caliber of the second air outlet (4) to be maximum at the same time so as to incinerate and crack the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber (2);
Adding a third batch of garbage into the first incineration chamber (1), starting the first incineration chamber (1) when the second batch of garbage in the second incineration chamber (2) enters an ending stage, carrying out incineration and pyrolysis on the third batch of garbage in the first incineration chamber (1), and adjusting an air outlet adjusting device to gradually adjust the caliber of the second air outlet (4) to be closed, and simultaneously gradually adjusting the caliber of the first air outlet (3) to be maximum;
The garbage incineration and cracking are alternately carried out through the first incineration cavity (1) and the second incineration cavity (2) so as to finish the treatment of garbage in all batches.
2. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
The air outlet adjusting device comprises a first adjusting door (51) which is connected to the first air outlet (3) in a sliding mode, a first push-pull rod (52) which penetrates through the incinerator (100) and is connected with the first adjusting door (51), a second adjusting door (53) which is connected to the second air outlet (4) in a sliding mode, and a second push-pull rod (54) which penetrates through the incinerator (100) and is connected with the second adjusting door (53).
3. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
A heat conducting partition board is arranged between the first incineration cavity (1) and the second incineration cavity (2).
4. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
The height of the air outlet of the first air inlet channel is higher than that of the air outlet of the second air inlet channel, so that gasified gas in the mixed combustion stove (300) is combusted, and then the cracked gas entering the inner cavity of the mixed combustion stove (300) is ignited.
5. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
The second air inlet channel comprises an inward extending pipeline extending into the mixed combustion stove (300) and an outward extending pipeline communicating the gasification stove (200) and the inward extending pipeline;
the overhanging pipeline is horizontally arranged; or alternatively
The outward extending pipeline is arranged at one end connected with the inward extending pipeline in an upward inclined mode, so that tar and sewage carried by gasified gas contact with the wall body of the outward extending pipeline when the gasified gas enters the outward extending pipeline and flow back into the gasification furnace (200) along the outward extending pipeline.
6. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
A combustion zone for mixed combustion of gasified gas, cracked flue gas and oxygen is formed in the mixed combustion stove (300), and an annular air inlet channel which is communicated with the wind source power device and is circumferentially distributed and used for conveying air is arranged on the peripheral wall body of the combustion zone;
The annular air inlet channel is provided with an air inlet pipe for guiding air to enter the combustion zone, a plurality of air inlet pipes are circumferentially distributed at intervals along the combustion zone so as to ensure that gasification gas and pyrolysis smoke in the combustion zone are stably combusted and form a pressure difference between the combustion zone and the gasifier (200) and between the combustion zone and the incinerator (100), and the gasification gas in the gasifier (200) and the pyrolysis smoke in the incinerator (100) are guided to enter the combustion zone.
7. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
The water content of the garbage treated by the gasification furnace (200) is not more than 15 percent.
8. A garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein,
The first garbage treated by the first incineration chamber (1) is dry garbage with the water content not exceeding 15%;
The second batch of garbage and the subsequent batches of garbage are garbage with the water content not exceeding 80%, and the bottom layer of the garbage is dry garbage with the water content not exceeding 15%; the ignition of the waste is carried out on dry waste with a moisture content of not more than 15%.
9. The method for treating waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste in the first incineration chamber (1) and the second incineration chamber (2) is subjected to incineration cracking, comprising the steps of:
Opening an air inlet of the first incineration cavity (1) to enable air to enter the first incineration cavity (1), and igniting garbage in the first incineration cavity (1) for incineration;
when the temperature in the first incineration chamber (1) is increased to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the first incineration chamber (1) is closed to prevent air from entering the first incineration chamber (1);
Opening an air inlet of the second incineration cavity (2) to enable air to enter the second incineration cavity (2), and igniting garbage in the second incineration cavity (2) for incineration;
When the temperature in the second incineration chamber (2) is increased to the garbage cracking temperature, the air inlet of the second incineration chamber (2) is closed to prevent air from entering the second incineration chamber (2).
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