CN110004379A - A kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron and its manufacture and heat treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron and its manufacture and heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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Abstract
A kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron and its manufacture and heat treatment method, the content of alloy each element are Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Mn:0.8~1.6%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, surplus Fe, wherein C, B total amount are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；The total amount of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0, first melt other raw materials other than manganese iron at 1520~1620 DEG C, are cooled to 1300~1350 DEG C, add fine aluminium deoxidation；When cooling to 1280~1320 DEG C, manganese iron, 1250~1300 DEG C of cast alloys are added.Ingot casting average hardness of the present invention HRC65.9~70.2, impact flexibility reach 10.6~16.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1018~1396MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, are related to a kind of containing ultra-fine hard phase and supersaturated solid solution, geneva
The alloy of the wear resistant cast iron of body matrix phase and its casting and heat treatment method, can be widely used for traffic, metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry etc.
Mechanical wearing piece manufacture in industry.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloy is with Fe2B or M2B hard phase is hard phase, has good toughness and height hard
Degree, high corrosion-resistant, melting-casting manufacturability is good, has very wide application prospect.
Patent document 1: 105695884 B of Authorization Notice No. CN, the antifriction alloy hardness of preparation are HRC66~70, impact
4~9J/cm of toughness2.The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is lower, and bending strength is lower,
346~477MPa range, therefore limit the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Also, when preparing large scale specification (thickness is greater than 30mm) and complex-shaped casting, it may appear that crack due to thermal stress,
And there is the phenomenon that hardness is unevenly distributed.It is ground used in the equipment such as large-scale Raymond mill bed, ore crusher, Pulp pump
The wearing pieces such as ball, liner plate, tup, tooth plate, flow passage part, impeller, it is bulky, it is complex-shaped, therefore used by patent document 1
Process limits the application of the alloy.
Document 2: the rapid cooling microstructure and property of eutectic Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, casting, 2017,66 (10): 1053~1056.
The rapid cooling tissue of as cast condition Fe-Cr-B-C alloy by martensite+retained austenite matrix and along the continuous net-shaped distribution of crystal boundary (Fe,
Cr)2(B,C)+(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6Hard phase composition.The microhardness of rapid cooling tissue matrix phase is 800~880HV, hard
Phase microhardness is 1150~1400HV, macrohardness HRC68, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2；And through 960 DEG C × 2h
After annealing, matrix is changed into ferrite and nodular cementite, hard phase (Fe, Cr)2(B, C) and (Fe, Cr)23(B,C)6It is few
There is suspension, cenotype (Fe, Cr) occur in amount dissolution, regional area3(B, C), after annealing matrix phase microhardness be 330~
400HV, hard phase are 850~1250HV, and macrohardness is reduced to HRC46, and impact flexibility is reduced to 3.4J/cm2。
2 acquired results of document reflect that the hardness of matrix phase plays significant role to the hardness and impact flexibility of such material；
Patent document 1 is compared, there are also the possibility promoted in aspect of performance such as impact flexibility for such alloy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron and its manufacture and heat treatment methods, and alloy is with Fe2B or
M2B is hard phase, and matrix is the non-equilibrium phases such as the polynary supersaturated solid solution of high rigidity, martensite that Mn element solid solution is strengthened, tool
There are good toughness, high rigidity and higher intensity index, melting, casting and heat treatment process are good, have very wide
Application prospect.
High-wearing feature that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloy are basic alloy, then add 0.8~1.6%
Mn element.The multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, Mn is formed, the mass percentage of each element is Cr:
The content of 9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Mn:0.8~1.6%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Si
Less than 0.07, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；Nb,V
Summation be 0.5~1.0.
Mn element is the solution strengthening element of steel, can be infinitely dissolved with Fe, and expand austenite phase field.Mn not with C
Compound is formed, does not also work with B, can be solid-solubilized in simultaneously in Fe matrix with Cr.It can reinforced ferrite, refinement pearlite.Manganese
Harden ability and temper resistance to steel play apparent humidification.In sintering-hardened steel, i.e., in the cooling speed of general industry furnace
(about 60 DEG C/min) can cause in the alloy of martensitic traoformation under the conditions of degree.But as Mn content improves, horse will lead to
The decline of family name's body phase transition temperature.Such as Mn content is the medium managese steel near 7%, is difficult to martensite occur；And Mn content is 11
The potassium steel of~14%Mn is the austenite phase with superhigh tenacity after water patent.(main be mutually ferrite to DP steel
With martensite) with QP steel (being mainly mutually austenite and martensite) be industrial application advanced high performance steel, the main distinction
It is to be determined by the content of Mn, is DP steel when Mn content is no more than 2.7%.Therefore, introducing Mn element hardens of the invention
When alloy, the content of Mn is unsuitable excessively high, and the upper limit of the Mn content in matrix phase should be 2.7%, in case there is excessive Austria in matrix
Family name's body and soften.Since there are a large amount of Fe in the present invention2B or M2B is hard phase, and volume ratio shared by matrix phase is about 50
~60%, and the Mn being added mainly is dissolved in matrix phase, corresponding Mn content should be controlled 0.8~1.6%.
Referring to patent document 1, specifically prepare alloy when, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium,
Vanadium iron, manganese iron and pure iron etc. are according to component requirements ingredient.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to the raw material and composition of preparation invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique optional material composition, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality are Lai really
It is fixed.Wherein ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used to
Balance C content.Pure iron includes electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron or structural carbon steel leftover pieces and waste material etc..
Manganese iron listed by table 1 is the ingredient standard of high carbon ferromanganese, and technique production can choose mid-carbon fe-mn or low-carbon ferromanganese.By
In the deoxidier that manganese iron is steel smelting, therefore manganese iron should be added after other alloy meltings.In order to guarantee the additional amount symbol of Mn
Conjunction achieves the desired results, and before the addition of manganese iron, melt carries out aluminium deoxidation processing.
Specific melting, casting and heat treatment process are as follows:
(1) melting and casting process；
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used and carry out melting system
Standby alloy.Ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, pure iron are melted first, fusion temperature is higher than 1520~1620 DEG C, makes
It obtains pure iron and crome metal sufficiently melts；Then furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1300~1350 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5~10 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280~1320 DEG C, is added and claims
Measured manganese iron；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range are 1250~1300 DEG C.
Invention alloy is eutectic composition, and melt has good mobility fine, can be cast as by various methods
Type, such as normal sands Mold casting or model casting, lost foam casting, permanent mold casting, ceramic mold casting, die casting, centrifugal casting
The special casting method such as make.
(2) rapid cooling or slow cooling and heat treatment after casting
For small-sized and simple shape casting, rapid cooling is taken after casting, obtains the non-equilibrium microstructure with high rigidity, it is subsequent
Heat treatment is not taken.Its technique are as follows:
Cooling velocity from setting temperature to 600 DEG C should be not less than 60 DEG C/min, and solve between 600~800 DEG C
Except the constraint of mold.Rapid cooling is realized by placing the means such as chill in water cooling, swage, mold.
The subsequent stress relief annealing technique that can be used lower than 600 DEG C and necessary shape, dimensional accuracy and finish need
The mechanical process wanted.
The hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy cast ingot of acquisition reaches HRC67.9~70.2, and impact flexibility reaches 10.6~
14.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1018~1169MPa.
Invention alloy is deep eutectic ingredient, non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under the conditions of common sand casting, such as
Supersaturated solid solution, amorphous, nanocrystalline or martensitic structure.But it will cause volume change, ingot casting since non-equilibrium transformation occurs
Each section causes stress to be concentrated since cooling velocity is inconsistent, causes cracking phenomena, therefore casting is needed at 600~800 DEG C
Between release mold constraint.
For large-scale and complex-shaped casting, need to take slow cooling and heat treatment after casting.Its technique are as follows:
Using slower coolings such as normal sands Mold casting, model casting, lost foam casting, ceramic mold casting, centrifugal castings
Forging type casting.Cooling with mold after having cast, die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 DEG C, subsequent natural cooling, to avoid generation
Thermal stress-cracking.
It needs to reheat when heat treatment, casting is put into box stove heating, is heated up with furnace, heating rate is according to heating
Furnace regulation, heat temperature raising speed are no more than 10 DEG C/min.Heating temperature is 960~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h.
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, natural cooling.
It is cooling with mold after casting described in step (2) is complete, from setting temperature to cast(ing) surface cooling velocity 600 DEG C
Lower than 3 DEG C/min.
After above-mentioned quenching-tempering, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 65.9~68.2HRC,
12.5~16.2J/cm of impact flexibility2, 1255~1396MPa of bending strength.
Above two preparation process, Mn are the solid solution element of matrix phase always, since Mn makees the solution strengthening of matrix phase
With, reduce martensitic transformation temperature and promote martensitic traoformation effect so that martensitic phase refinement, hardness improve, to make
The stress-strain obtained between hard phase and matrix phase is coordinated, and the impact flexibility of alloy and bending strength are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
1 cast sturcture of Fig. 1 present example figure；
The XRD spectrum of 2 casting hard phase of Fig. 2 present example；
The fracture apperance of 4 casting of Fig. 3 present example；
Fig. 4 present example 13 casts metallographic structure；
Metallographic structure after 13 quenchings of Fig. 5 present example-tempering；
X-ray diffracting spectrum after 13 quenchings of Fig. 6 present example-tempering.
Specific embodiment
Various method of smelting of the invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, any to want in right of the invention
The improvements and changes in range for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Selecting high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, manganese iron etc. is raw material,
It invents in desired composition range and is configured to alloy.
It is raw material that embodiment 1., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Mn:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Sand mold die cast.Specific steps are as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；So
After reduce furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5
Minute, when melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature
Range is 1250 DEG C.About 6 minutes after having cast, sand mould is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 800 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 800
Cooling rate between DEG C is about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting average hardness HRC67.9, impact flexibility reach
14.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1169MPa.
Ingot casting fractograph is shown in Fig. 1, is made of torulose α-Fe primary crystal and eutectic structure, and wherein eutectic structure is α-Fe
With hard phase line and staff control, there is not continuous network structure in hard phase.In terms of performance, hardness reaches HRC67.9, illustrates big
Measure the not simple ferrite of primary crystal occurred, martensite or amorphous/nanocrystalline containing Mn, Cr, B, C solution strengthening etc.
Non-equilibrium microstructure, because ferrite can not reach corresponding hardness.As it can be seen that the addition of Mn changes the tissue group of casting alloy
At object, the hardness and toughness of matrix are improved, to greatly improve the toughness and intensity of material.
It is raw material that embodiment 2., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron, and composition range is such as
Under: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Mn:1.1wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in
Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Tool
Body step are as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1520 DEG C；Then electricity is reduced
Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes, it is fusion
When temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range are
1300℃.About 10 minutes after having cast, water cooling swage is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 600 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C
Between cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC69.9, and impact flexibility reaches
13.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1128MPa.
Fig. 2 is the as cast condition XRD diagram of 2 alloy of example, from the mark in Fig. 2 can be seen that alloy mainly by martensitic phase and
Fe2B phase composition.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 3., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron,
It is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Mn:1.3wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Impurity element control
It is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Then
Furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.12%；Continue about 8 points of heat preservation
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in clock；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature model
Enclose is 1280 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, open sand mold fusible pattern, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 700 DEG C, from setting temperature to
Cooling rate between 700 DEG C is about 60 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC70, and impact flexibility reaches
To 13.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1086MPa.
It is raw material, ingredient that embodiment 4., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron,
Range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Mn:1.6wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Sand casting, specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation about
7 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Spending range is 1250 DEG C.About 7 minutes after having cast, open sand mould, at this time ingot casting temperature be lower than 800 DEG C, from setting temperature to
Cooling rate between 800 DEG C is about 60 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting average hardness reaches HRC70.2, impact
Toughness reaches 10.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1018MPa.
Fig. 3 is the Fracture scan photo of 4 alloy of embodiment, from figure 3, it can be seen that the fracture of alloy be tiny cleavage and
Along brilliant mixed fracture pattern, illustrates that the hardness of alloy is very high, will not be plastically deformed before fracture.Because being broken fine microstructures,
It must overcome the biggish plane of disruption, therefore intensity with higher and impact flexibility before fracture.
It is raw material that embodiment 5., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Mn:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:
0.1wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Lost foam casting, the specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1560 DEG C；
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation about
9 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Spending range is 1250 DEG C.About 8 minutes after having cast, disappearance model sand mold is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from solidification temperature
The cooling rate spent between 700 DEG C is about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC68.2, impact
Toughness reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1106MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 6., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron,
It is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Mn:1.2wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Impurity element control
It is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, specific steps
It is as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1550 DEG C；Then it reduces
Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes,
When melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range
It is 1300 DEG C.About 10 minutes after having cast, sand mould is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 600 DEG C at this time, from setting temperature to 600 DEG C
Between cooling rate be about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC68.8, and impact flexibility reaches
12.8J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1129MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 7., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Mn:1.4wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting can be used
And lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1540
℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.10%；After continuation of insurance
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C in temperature about 5 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
Casting temperature range is 1250 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast, disappearance model sand mold is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 600 DEG C at this time, from solidifying
Solid temperature degree to the cooling rate between 600 DEG C be about 70 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC69.2,
Impact flexibility reaches 12.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1096MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 8., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron, vanadium iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Mn:1.6wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Lost foam casting, the specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1590
℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.13%；After continuation of insurance
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in temperature about 7 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
Casting temperature range is 1280 DEG C.About 9 minutes after having cast, disappearance model sand mold is opened, ingot casting temperature is lower than 700 DEG C at this time, from solidifying
Solid temperature degree to the cooling rate between 700 DEG C be about 60 DEG C/min.It is air-cooled to room temperature.Gained ingot casting hardness reaches HRC68.5,
Impact flexibility reaches 12.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1097MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 9., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；Mn:0.8wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Sand mold die cast.Specific steps are as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；So
After reduce furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5
Minute, when melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature
Range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 960 DEG C, soaking time 4h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure,
Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, natural cooling.After above-mentioned quenching-tempering, system
The hardness of standby Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy is 65.9HRC, impact flexibility 16.2J/cm2, bending strength 1396MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 10., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron,
It is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；Mn:1.1wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control
It is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.
Specific steps are as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Then electricity is reduced
Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes, it is fusion
When temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range are
1300℃.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 67.9HRC, impact flexibility 14.2J/cm2, bending strength 1359MPa.
It is raw material, ingredient model that embodiment 11., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron,
It encloses as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；Mn:1.3wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Impurity element control
System is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Then
Furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.12%；Continue about 8 points of heat preservation
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in clock；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature model
Enclose is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 66.8HRC, impact flexibility 13.7J/cm2, bending strength 1365MPa.
It is raw material, ingredient that embodiment 12., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron,
Range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；Mn:1.6wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Sand casting, specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1520 DEG C；
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation about
7 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Spending range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5% buck quenching cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure,
Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, natural cooling.After above-mentioned quenching-tempering, system
The hardness of standby Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy is 68.2HRC, impact flexibility 12.5J/cm2, bending strength 1255MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 13, which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；Mn:0.8wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:
0.1wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Lost foam casting, the specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation about
9 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Spending range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 990 DEG C, soaking time 3h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 15% buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 67.8HRC, impact flexibility 15.7J/cm2, bending strength 1297MPa.
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure of cast alloy, a large amount of nearly ring initial crystal matrix phases and matrix phase and hard phase occurs
Mutually interspersed eutectic structure, tissue is relatively fine, uniformly.Fig. 5 is the metallographic structure after quenching-tempering, compared with Fig. 4
Compared with subsphaeroidal primary crystal matrix mutually disappears, instead tiny, uniform matrix phase and the mutually interspersed tissue of hard phase.Fig. 6 is
The X-ray diffracting spectrum of alloy under the state reflects that alloy is mainly martensitic matrix phase and Boronic compound hard phase.Due to
Fine microstructures, matrix phase and hard phase all have high rigidity, compare that interface cohesion is good, therefore alloy is keeping the same of high rigidity
When, show high impact flexibility and bending strength.
It is raw material, ingredient model that embodiment 14., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron and ingot iron,
It encloses as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Mn:1.2wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Impurity element control
System is shown in Table 2.It is specific to walk using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion
It is rapid as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Then it reduces
Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes,
When melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted manganese iron is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range
It is 1300 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1030 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 10% buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 67.2HRC, impact flexibility 15.9J/cm2, bending strength 1298MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 15., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, manganese iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；Mn:1.4wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:
0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting can be used
And lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1580
℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.10%；After continuation of insurance
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C in temperature about 5 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
Casting temperature range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 15% buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 66.5HRC, impact flexibility 15.7J/cm2, bending strength 1352MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 16., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, manganese iron, vanadium iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；Mn:1.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:
0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and
Lost foam casting, the specific steps are as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1590
℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.13%；After continuation of insurance
Load weighted manganese iron is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in temperature about 7 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
Casting temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 10% buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, natural cooling.By above-mentioned quenching-tempering
Afterwards, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Mn-B-C alloy of preparation is 68HRC, impact flexibility 13.9J/cm2, bending strength 1297MPa.
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below:
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machine, load 150Kg makes a call to five
It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machine, range 150J is beaten
It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample having a size of 2 × 5 ×
The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength of 2 embodiment of table
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron, it is characterised in that: the mass percentage of alloy each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, B:
The content of 2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Mn:0.8~1.6%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Si less than 0.07, S,
P :≤0.01, surplus Fe, wherein C, B gross mass percentage composition are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；Nb,V
Gross mass percentage composition be 0.5~1.0.
2. manufacture and the heat treatment method of a kind of Mn hardening wear resistant cast iron as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step:
(1) melting and casting process
After ingredient requirement ingredient, ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron are melted first, fusion temperature is
1520~1620 DEG C, then reduce furnace power, melt temperature be down to 1300~1350 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1~
0.15% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation 5~10 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280~1320 DEG C, load weighted manganese is added
Iron；Until completely melted, cast molding, cast temperature range are 1250~1300 DEG C, pour and cause type；
(2) rapid cooling or slow cooling and heat treatment after casting
For small-sized and simple shape casting, rapid cooling is taken after casting, obtains the non-equilibrium microstructure with high rigidity, it is subsequent not adopt
Take heat treatment, technique are as follows:
Cooling velocity from setting temperature to 600 DEG C is not less than 60 DEG C/min, and releases mold between 600~800 DEG C
Constraint, pass through in water cooling, swage, mold place chill realize be quickly cooled down；
The machine that subsequent stress relief annealing technique and necessary shape using lower than 600 DEG C, dimensional accuracy and finish need
Working process；
For large-scale and complex-shaped casting, need to take slow cooling and heat treatment, technique after casting are as follows:
Using the casting side of normal sands Mold casting, model casting, lost foam casting, ceramic mold casting or centrifugal casting slow cool down
Formula casting, cooling with mold after having cast, die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 DEG C, and subsequent natural cooling is opened to avoid thermal stress occurs
It splits；
It needs to reheat when heat treatment, casting is put into box stove heating, is heated up with furnace, heating rate is advised according to heating furnace
Journey, heat temperature raising speed are no more than 10 DEG C/min, heating temperature is 960~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h；
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cooling, should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure,
Quench cooling time >=30min；
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, natural cooling.
3. casting and the heat treatment method of Al toughening high hardness alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the casting
It is cooling with mold after having made, it is lower than 3 DEG C/min from setting temperature to cast(ing) surface cooling velocity 600 DEG C.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810589134.XA CN108570616A (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of Mn activeness and quietness high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method |
| CN201810589916.3A CN108677106A (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of Mn activeness and quietness high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting method |
| CN2018105899163 | 2018-06-08 | ||
| CN201810589134X | 2018-06-08 |
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