CN108707812A - A kind of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108707812A CN108707812A CN201810587991.6A CN201810587991A CN108707812A CN 108707812 A CN108707812 A CN 108707812A CN 201810587991 A CN201810587991 A CN 201810587991A CN 108707812 A CN108707812 A CN 108707812A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The content of a kind of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, alloy each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Al:0.6~1.5%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, and surplus Fe, C, B total amount is 3.3~3.6;C/Cr content ratios:0.06~0.08;The total amount of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0, first melt other raw materials other than ferromanganese at 1520~1620 DEG C, are cooled to 1300~1350 DEG C, add fine aluminium deoxidation;1280~1320 DEG C are dropped to after heat preservation, add ferrosilicon, 1250~1300 DEG C of cast alloys, then use quenching-temper.Alloy rigidity of the present invention is up to 65.4~68.2HRC, 7.8~10.2J/cm of impact flexibility2, 1105~1382MPa of bending strength.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, are related to a kind of containing ultra-fine hard phase and supersaturated solid solution, geneva
The casting of the alloy of the wear and corrosion resistant cast iron of body matrix phase and heat treatment method, can be widely used for electric power, metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry
Etc. mechanical wearing piece manufacture in industries.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloys are with Fe2B or M2B hard phases are hard phase, have good toughness and height hard
Degree, high corrosion-resistant, melting-casting manufacturability is good, has very wide application prospect.
Patent document 1:The antifriction alloy hardness of 105695884 B of Authorization Notice No. CN, preparation are HRC66~70, punching
Hit 4~9J/cm of toughness2.When preparing large scale specification (thickness is more than 30mm) and complex-shaped casting, it may appear that thermal stress is split
Line, and have the phenomenon that hardness is unevenly distributed.It is used in the equipment such as large-scale Raymond mill bed, ore crusher, Pulp pump
The wearing pieces such as abrading-ball, liner plate, tup, tooth plate, flow passage part, impeller, it is bulky, it is complex-shaped, therefore patent document 1 is used
Process limit the application of the alloy.
The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is relatively low, and bending strength is relatively low, 346~
477MPa ranges, therefore limit the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Document 2:The rapid cooling organization and performance of eutectic Fe-Cr-B-C alloys, casting, 2017,66 (10):1053~1056.
The rapid cooling tissue of as cast condition Fe-Cr-B-C alloys by martensite+retained austenite matrix and along the continuous net-shaped distribution of crystal boundary (Fe,
Cr)2(B,C)+(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6Hard phase composition.The microhardness of rapid cooling tissue matrix phase is 800~880HV, hard
Phase microhardness is 1150~1400HV, macrohardness HRC68, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2;And through 960 DEG C × 2h
After annealing, matrix is changed into ferrite and nodular cementite, hard phase (Fe, Cr)2(B, C) and (Fe, Cr)23(B,C)6It is few
There is suspension, cenotype (Fe, Cr) occur in amount dissolving, regional area3(B, C), after annealing matrix phase microhardness be 330~
400HV, hard phase are 850~1250HV, and macrohardness is reduced to HRC46, and impact flexibility is reduced to 3.4J/cm2。
2 acquired results of document reflect that the hardness of matrix phase plays significant role to the hardness and impact flexibility of such material;
Patent document 1 is compared, such alloy also has the possibility promoted in aspect of performance such as impact flexibility.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, the alloys
With Fe2B or M2B is hard phase, and matrix is the non-equilibrium phases such as the polynary supersaturated solid solution of high rigidity of Al element toughenings, martensite,
With good toughness, high rigidity and higher intensity index, melting, casting and heat treatment process are good, have very wide
Application prospect.
High-wearing feature that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloys are basic alloy, then add 0.6~
1.5%Al elements.Form the multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, Al, the mass percentage of each element
For Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Al:0.6~1.5%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn
Content less than 0.3, Si content be less than 0.07, S, P:≤ 0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation:3.3~3.6;C/Cr
Content ratio:0.06~0.08;The summation of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.
Al is the end-deoxidizer of smelting iron and steel, when producing killed steel, the additions of Al elements mostly 0.005~0.05%,
Usually 0.01~0.03%.Al, which is added in steel to react with oxygen, generates Al2O3, generated in tapping, calmness and casting
Al2O3Most of float excludes, the Al of a large amount of tiny dispersions in process of setting2O3It can also promote to form fine-grained steel.Aluminium is
The effective element of the grain size of steel is adjusted, Al reacts to form fine AlN with N element, plays the role of Grain boundary pinning and refines brilliant
Grain.
Al is known as very strong binding force with Fe members, and the Al being solid-solubilized in Fe matrixes substitutes the lattice position of Fe atoms, tendency
It is strong in forming Fe-Al;A small amount of Al can stablize high temperature austenite phase, reduce critical cooling rate and promote the formation of martensite.
But, Al is ferrite former, i.e., in Fe individually plus Al to it is a certain amount of when can close austenite phase field and formed single
Ferrite phase region;It continues growing and will appear L12The Fe of structure3Al extra-structures or B2 structure FeAl phases.Therefore, Al elements are introduced
When tough alloy, the content of Al is unsuitable excessively high.Since there are a large amount of Fe in the present invention2B or M2B is hard phase, matrix phase institute
The volume ratio accounted for is about 50~60%, and the Al being added mainly is dissolved in matrix phase, thus Al content should control 0.6~
1.5%, to prevent forming Fe3Al or FeAl intermetallic compounds and cause matrix brittle.
Referring to patent document 1, it is specific prepare alloy when, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium,
Vanadium iron, metallic aluminium and pure iron etc. are according to component requirements dispensing.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to prepare the raw material and composition of invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality determine.Wherein ferrochrome,
Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used for balancing C content.It is pure
Iron can be electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron.
Specific melting, casting and heat treatment process are:
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used and carry out melting system
Standby alloy.Ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron are melted first, fusion temperature is higher than 1500~1600 DEG C, makes
It obtains pure iron and crome metal fully melts;Then furnace power is reduced, it is total with dispensing after melt temperature is down to 1300~1350 DEG C
The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.1~0.15%;Continue heat preservation about 5~10 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280~1320 DEG C, is added
Load weighted fine aluminium;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, ranging from 1250~1300 DEG C of cast temperature.
Since alloy main component Fe-Cr-Al-B-C is deep eutectic, the mobility of melt is fine, therefore can pass through
Various method casting and formings, such as pass through normal sands Mold casting, model casting or lost foam casting.
In order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 980~1080 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h.Add
Hot heating rate is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% brine or buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of temper, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 65.4~68.2HRC,
7.8~10.2J/cm of impact flexibility2, 1105~1382MPa of bending strength.
Compared with patent document 1, hardness slightly reduces, but impact flexibility and bending strength are able to larger promotion, can be used for
Produce large scale or complex-shaped wear resistance castings.
The tissue of Fe-Cr-B-C alloys is cast mainly by hard phase (Fe2B or M2B etc.) and matrix phase (α or martensitic phase)
Composition.The hardness of alloy depends primarily on the volume ratio of hard phase, i.e. hard phase is higher, and the hardness of material is bigger.But hard phase
Excessively, matrix phase intensity is insufficient, integral hardness can be caused to decline, toughness is insufficient.Therefore, in addition to the ratio of hard phase and matrix phase
It is outside determinant, the characteristic of matrix phase is also critically important.
When preparing alloy using the method for patent document 1, when size is larger, solidification processing temperature is unevenly distributed, and is made
The distribution and property for obtaining matrix phase generate difference in the different parts of casting, therefore be easy to cause thermal stress-cracking and performance unevenness
It is even.It is handled by reheating, casting bulk temperature can be made uniform, then rapid quenching, can get homogeneous hi-hardness casting.
When hardening heat is less than 980 DEG C, hard phase can be precipitated from matrix so that material hardness declines, impact flexibility etc.
It reduces.
When hardening heat be 980~1080 DEG C when, as hardening heat increases, hard phase some be dissolved into matrix phase
In so that matrix phase volume fraction increases, while alloying element content also improves in matrix phase, and more high rigidity can be formed after quenching
Martensitic structure.Hereby it is ensured that whole hardness and comprehensive performance.
Continue raising hardening heat and reach 1100 DEG C, local burning in casting can be caused so that alloy ductility declines.
The present invention's is mainly characterized by by multi-element alloyed, the polyphase eutectic of formation hard phase and matrix phase;Pass through again
Quenching-temper.So that the volume fraction of matrix phase increases, and hard phase volume fraction is reduced.Al elements are especially added with, with
The element solid solutions such as Cr, B, C strengthen matrix phase, promote the formation of martensitic phase, refine matrix martensitic structure so that matrix is mutually hard
Degree has been more than that common martensitic phase hardness improves the impact of alloy so as to improve the coordinative role between hard phase and matrix phase
Toughness and bending strength.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 present examples 2 cast metallographic structure;
Metallographic structure after 2 quenchings of Fig. 2 present examples-temper;
X-ray diffracting spectrum after 2 quenchings of Fig. 3 present examples-temper.
Specific implementation mode
The various method of smelting of the present invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, and any right in the present invention is wanted
The improvement in range and variation for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
It is raw material to select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, fine aluminium etc.,
It invents in desired composition range and is configured to alloy.
It is raw material that embodiment 1., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, fine aluminium and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows:Cr:10.0wt.%;B:2.9wt.%;C:0.7wt.%;Al:0.6wt.%;Nb:0.4wt.%;V:
0.2wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and sand mold die cast.Specific steps
For:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C;So
After reduce furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.15%;Continue heat preservation about 5
Minute, when melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature
Ranging from 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, soaking time 4h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5% brine hardening cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure,
Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 4h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 65.4HRC, and impact is tough
Property 10.2J/cm2, bending strength 1382MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 2., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, fine aluminium and ingot iron, and composition range is such as
Under:Cr:10.0wt.%;B:2.7wt.%;Al:0.9wt.%;C:0.7wt.%;Nb:0.5wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in
Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, vacuum induction melting and the casting of water cooling swage can be used
It makes.The specific steps are:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1550 DEG C;Then electricity is reduced
Stove power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.1%;Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes, it is fusion
When temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature is ranging from
1300℃.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure of cast alloy, the matrix phase of a large amount of squares and matrix phase occurs and hard phase is mutual
Interspersed eutectic structure, tissue is relatively fine, uniformly.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 15% brine hardening cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure after quenching-temper, compared to Figure 1 compared with the quantity of matrix phase increases, but still protects
It holds as tiny, uniform formation.Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffracting spectrum of alloy under the state, reflects that alloy is mainly martensite base
Body phase and Boronic compound hard phase.Due to fine microstructures, matrix phase and hard phase all have high rigidity, and it is good to compare interface cohesion,
Therefore alloy shows high impact flexibility and bending strength while keeping high rigidity.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.8HRC, and impact is tough
Property 8.2J/cm2, bending strength 1282MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 3., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, fine aluminium and ingot iron,
It is as follows:Cr:10.0wt.%;B:2.7wt.%;Al:1.2wt.%;C:0.8wt.%;Nb:0.6wt.%;Impurity element controls
It is shown in Table 2.
After good corresponding raw material being weighed according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and model casting, the specific steps are:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C;So
After reduce furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.12%;Continue heat preservation about 8
Minute, when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature
Ranging from 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 10% brine hardening cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 67.5HRC, and impact is tough
Property 9.5J/cm2, bending strength 1265MPa.
It is raw material, ingredient that embodiment 4., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, fine aluminium and ingot iron,
Range is as follows:Cr:11.0wt.%;B:2.7wt.%;Al:1.5wt.%;C:0.7wt.%;Nb:0.2wt.%; V:
0.4wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After good corresponding raw material being weighed according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and sand casting, the specific steps are:
High carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1500 DEG C;
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.14%;Continue heat preservation about
7 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Ranging from 1250 DEG C of degree.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1080 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 5% quenches cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure,
Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 68.2HRC, and impact is tough
Property 7.8J/cm2, bending strength 1105MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 5., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, fine aluminium and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows:Cr:10.0wt.%;B:2.6wt.%;C:0.6wt.%;Al:0.6wt.%; Nb:0.3wt.%;V:
0.1wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and lost foam casting, specific steps
It is as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C;
Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.12%;Continue heat preservation about
9 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature
Ranging from 1250 DEG C of degree.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, soaking time 3h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 15% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 67.5HRC, and impact is tough
Property 9.6J/cm2, bending strength 1320MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 6., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, fine aluminium and ingot iron,
It is as follows:Cr:10.0wt.%;B:2.6wt.%;C:0.8wt.%;Nb:0.8wt.%;Al:0.9wt.%;Impurity element controls
It is shown in Table 2.
It is specific to walk using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning
It is rapid as follows:
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C;Then it reduces
Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.15%;Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes,
When melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted fine aluminium is added;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range
It is 1300 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 10% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 65.8HRC, and impact is tough
Property 9.7J/cm2, bending strength 1268MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 7., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, fine aluminium and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows:Cr:11.0wt.%;B:2.6wt.%;Al:1.2wt.%;C:0.9wt.%; Nb:0.2wt.%;V:
0.2wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, induction melting and lost foam casting can be used.Specific step
It is rapid as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1550
℃;Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.10%;After continuation of insurance
Load weighted fine aluminium is added when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C in temperature about 5 minutes;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
It is 1250 DEG C to cast temperature range.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 15% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 4h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.2HRC, and impact is tough
Property 8.9J/cm2, bending strength 1268MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 8., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, fine aluminium, vanadium iron and ingot iron, at
Divide range as follows:Cr:13.0wt.%;B:2.6wt.%;Al:1.5wt.%;C:0.8wt.%; Nb:0.6wt.%;V:
0.4wt.%;Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and lost foam casting, specific steps
It is as follows:
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1590
℃;Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.13%;After continuation of insurance
Load weighted fine aluminium is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in temperature about 7 minutes;Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured
It is 1280 DEG C to cast temperature range.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 990 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed
No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 10% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure
It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Al-B-C alloys of preparation is 67.3HRC, and impact is tough
Property 9.2J/cm2, bending strength 1195MPa.
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below:
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machines, load 150Kg makes a call to five
It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machines, range 150J is beaten
It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample size is 2 × 5 ×
The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient of 2 embodiment of table and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy, it is characterised in that:The mass percentage of alloy each element is Cr:9.0~
13.0 B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Al:0.6~1.5%, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:The content of 0.4~0.8, Mn are less than
0.3, Si content is less than 0.07, S, P:≤ 0.01, surplus Fe, wherein C, B gross mass percentage composition are:3.3~3.6;C/
Cr content ratios:0.06~0.08;The gross mass percentage composition of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.
2. casting and the heat treatment method of Al toughenings high hardness wear-resisting alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, alloy is prepared using induction furnace melting, first by chromium
Then iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron fusing, 1500~1600 DEG C of fusion temperature reduce furnace power, will melt
After temperature is down to 1300~1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.1~0.15%;Continue heat preservation about 5~10 minutes,
Load weighted aluminium, cast alloys, ranging from 1250~1300 DEG C of cast temperature is added;In order to avoid thermal stress-cracking, casting occurs
Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having made, natural cooling;Then casting is heated, heating temperature is 980~1080 DEG C, heat preservation
Time is 1~4h, and heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min;After heat preservation, quickly by casting enter 5~15% brine or
Buck quenching cools down, and should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quenches cooling time >=30min;Then at 200~250 DEG C of tempering
Manage 2~4h, natural cooling.
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CN201910431127.1A CN109988976B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2019-05-22 | Al toughened high-hardness alloy and casting and heat treatment method thereof |
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CN112981052A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-18 | 西安交通大学 | Nano M2B reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof |
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