CN108425073A - A kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method - Google Patents

A kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Download PDF

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CN108425073A
CN108425073A CN201810589178.2A CN201810589178A CN108425073A CN 108425073 A CN108425073 A CN 108425073A CN 201810589178 A CN201810589178 A CN 201810589178A CN 108425073 A CN108425073 A CN 108425073A
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casting
alloy
ferro
temperature
iron
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罗丰华
卢静
向剑波
王哲
袁佩
刘浪飞
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Priority to CN201910431577.0A priority patent/CN110029285A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, and the content of alloy each element is Cr：9.0~13.0, B：2.6~2.9, C：0.7~0.9, Si：0.6~1.5%, Nb：0.4~0.8, V：0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, and surplus Fe, C, B total amount is 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratios：0.06~0.08；The total amount of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0, first melt other raw materials other than ferrosilicon at 1520~1620 DEG C, are cooled to 1300~1350 DEG C, add fine aluminium deoxidation；1280~1320 DEG C are dropped to after heat preservation, add ferrosilicon, 1250~1300 DEG C of cast alloys, and handle by Q-tempering.65.3~68HRC of alloy rigidity of the present invention, 9.2~12.6J/cm of impact flexibility2, 1120~1300MPa of bending strength.

Description

A kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, are related to a kind of containing ultra-fine hard phase and supersaturated solid solution, geneva The alloy of the wear and corrosion resistant cast iron of body matrix phase is cast and heat treatment method, can be widely used for electric power, metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry etc. Mechanical wearing piece manufacture in industry.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloys are with Fe2B or M2B hard phases are hard phase, have good toughness and height hard Degree, high corrosion-resistant, melting and casting manufacturability are good, have very wide application prospect.
Patent document 1：The antifriction alloy hardness of Authorization Notice No. CN 105695884B, preparation are HRC66~70, impact 4~9J/cm of toughness2.When preparing large scale specification (thickness is more than 30mm) and complex-shaped casting, it may appear that thermal stress is split Line, and have the phenomenon that hardness is unevenly distributed.It is used in the equipment such as large-scale Raymond mill bed, ore crusher, Pulp pump The wearing pieces such as abrading-ball, liner plate, tup, tooth plate, flow passage part, impeller, it is bulky, it is complex-shaped, therefore patent document 1 is used Process limit the application of the alloy.
The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is relatively low, and bending strength is relatively low, 346~ 477MPa ranges, therefore limit the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Document 2：The rapid cooling organization and performance of eutectic Fe-Cr-B-C alloys, casting, 2017,66 (10):1053~1056. The rapid cooling tissue of as cast condition Fe-Cr-B-C alloys by martensite+retained austenite matrix and along the continuous net-shaped distribution of crystal boundary (Fe, Cr)2(B,C)+(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6Hard phase composition.The microhardness of rapid cooling tissue matrix phase is 800~880HV, hard Phase microhardness is 1150~1400HV, macrohardness HRC68, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2；And it is moved back through 960 DEG C of@2h After fire, matrix is changed into ferrite and nodular cementite, hard phase (Fe, Cr)2(B, C) and (Fe, Cr)23(B,C)6On a small quantity There is suspension, cenotype (Fe, Cr) occur in dissolving, regional area3(B, C), matrix phase microhardness is 330~400HV after annealing, Hard phase is 850~1250HV, and macrohardness is reduced to HRC46, and impact flexibility is reduced to 3.4J/cm2。
2 acquired results of document reflect that the hardness of matrix phase plays significant role to the hardness and impact flexibility of such material； Patent document 1 is compared, such alloy also has the possibility promoted in aspect of performance such as impact flexibility.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Si to strengthen high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, the alloy With Fe2B or M2B is hard phase, and matrix is that the polynary supersaturated solid solution of high rigidity, martensite that Si element solid solutions are strengthened etc. are non-flat Weigh phase, has good toughness, high rigidity and higher intensity index, and melting, casting and heat treatment process are good, has very Wide application prospect.
High-wearing feature that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloys are basic alloy, then add 0.6~1.5% Si elements.The multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, Si is formed, the mass percentage of each element is Cr： 9.0~13.0, B：2.6~2.9, C：0.7~0.9, Si：0.6~1.5%, Nb：0.4~0.8, V：The content of 0.4~0.8, Mn Less than 0.3, S, P：≤ 0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation：3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratios：0.06~0.08；Nb, V's Summation is 0.5~1.0.
Fe-Si alloys are traditional electrical sheets, and intensity and hardness increase sharply with the raising of Si contents, Si contents Fe-Si alloys less than 4.5% are single ferritic phases, and more than 4.5% after, it may occur that ordering forms DO3Structure Hard crisp phase.Since there are a large amount of Fe in the present invention2B or M2B is hard phase, the volume ratio shared by matrix phase is about 50~ 60%, and the Si being added mainly is dissolved in matrix phase, therefore Si contents should be controlled 0.6~1.5%, to prevent matrix it is mutually really up to the mark and Embrittlement.
In general cast iron, Si elements are mainly dissolved in matrix, increase its intensity, and have deoxidation in melting, make The coagulating property of alloy is improved, but drops low-alloyed toughness, and promotes crystallization and grain coarsening.But in alloy of the present invention In, since there are the fusing points of a large amount of boride, alloy to reduce, crystallization temperature is low and the trend of grain coarsening is weakened.
Referring to patent document 1, it is specific prepare alloy when, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Vanadium iron, ferrosilicon and pure iron etc. are according to component requirements dispensing.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to prepare the raw material and composition of invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality determine.Wherein ferrochrome, Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used for balancing C content.It is pure Iron can be electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron.
The trade mark of ferrosilicon listed by table 1 is FeSi75Al1.5, the ferrosilicon of other trades mark can also be used.Since ferrosilicon is steelmaker Deoxidier in industry, when melt oxygen content is high or temperature is higher, Si can be aoxidized largely and be formed clinker, therefore in alloy melting When, the addition temperature of ferrosilicon need to be controlled, and melt uses aluminium deoxidation before addition.
Specific melting, casting and heat treatment process are：
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used and carry out melting system Standby alloy.Ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron are melted first, fusion temperature is higher than 1540~1620 DEG C, makes It obtains pure iron and crome metal fully melts；Then furnace power is reduced, it is total with dispensing after melt temperature is down to 1300~1350 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5~10 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280~1320 DEG C, is added and claims Measured ferrosilicon；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, ranging from 1250~1300 DEG C of cast temperature.
Since designed alloy is deep eutectic ingredient, mobility is further increased after the addition of Si elements, therefore Melt has good mobility fine, thus can casting and forming by various methods, such as by normal sands Mold casting, melt Die cast or lost foam casting.
In order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 950~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h.Heating Heating rate is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% brine or buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of temper, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 65.3~68HRC, punching Hit 9.2~12.6J/cm of toughness2, 1120~1300MPa of bending strength.
Compared with patent document 1, hardness slightly reduces, but impact flexibility and bending strength are significantly promoted, and can be used In production large scale or complex-shaped wear resistance castings.
The tissue of Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys is cast mainly by hard phase (Fe2B or M2B etc.) and matrix phase (α or martensite Phase) composition.The hardness of alloy depends primarily on the volume ratio of hard phase, i.e. hard phase is higher, and the hardness of material is bigger.But due to Hard phase is excessive, and matrix phase intensity is relatively low, integral hardness can be caused to decline, toughness is insufficient.Therefore, in addition to hard phase and matrix phase Ratio be outside determinant, the characteristic of matrix phase is also critically important.
When preparing alloy using the method for patent document 1, when size is larger, solidification processing temperature is unevenly distributed, and is made The distribution and property for obtaining matrix phase generate difference in the different parts of casting, therefore be easy to cause thermal stress-cracking and performance unevenness It is even.It is handled by reheating, casting bulk temperature can be made uniform, then rapid quenching, can get homogeneous hi-hardness casting.
When hardening heat is less than 950 DEG C, hard phase can be precipitated from matrix so that material hardness declines, impact flexibility etc. It reduces.
When hardening heat be 950~1060 DEG C when, as hardening heat increases, hard phase some be dissolved into matrix phase In so that matrix phase volume fraction increases, while alloying element content also improves in matrix phase, and more high rigidity can be formed after quenching Martensitic structure.Hereby it is ensured that whole hardness and comprehensive performance.
Continue raising hardening heat and reach 1100 DEG C, local burning in casting can be caused so that alloy ductility declines.
The present invention's is mainly characterized by by multi-element alloyed, the polyphase eutectic of formation hard phase and matrix phase；Pass through again Quenching-temper.So that the volume fraction of matrix phase increases, and hard phase volume fraction is reduced.Si elements are especially added with, with The element solid solutions such as Cr, B, C strengthen matrix phase, reduce martensitic transformation temperature, refine matrix martensitic structure so that matrix is mutually hard Degree has been more than that common martensitic phase hardness improves the impact of alloy so as to improve the coordinative role between hard phase and matrix phase Toughness and bending strength.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 present examples 1 cast metallographic structure；
Metallographic structure after 1 quenching of Fig. 2 present examples-temper；
X-ray diffracting spectrum after 1 quenching of Fig. 3 present examples-temper.
Specific implementation mode
The various method of smelting of the present invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, and any right in the present invention is wanted The improvement in range and variation for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
It is raw material to select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, ferrosilicon etc., It invents in desired composition range and is configured to alloy.
It is raw material that embodiment 1., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, at Divide range as follows：Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Si:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and sand mold die cast.Specific steps For：
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；So After reduce furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5 Minute, when melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted ferrosilicon is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature Ranging from 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is less than 200 DEG C after having cast, natural cooling.
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure of cast alloy, the matrix phase of a large amount of squares and matrix phase occurs and hard phase is mutual Interspersed eutectic structure, tissue is relatively fine, uniformly.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, soaking time 4h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5% brine hardening cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 4h, natural cooling.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure after quenching-temper, compared to Figure 1 compared with the quantity of matrix phase increases, but still protects It holds as tiny, uniform formation.Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffracting spectrum of alloy under the state, reflects that alloy is mainly martensite base Body phase and Boronic compound hard phase.Due to fine microstructures, matrix phase and hard phase all have high rigidity, and it is good to compare interface cohesion, Therefore alloy shows high impact flexibility and bending strength while keeping high rigidity.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, alloy rigidity reaches HRC65.3, and impact flexibility reaches 12.6J/cm2, resist Curved intensity reaches 1300MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 2., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, and composition range is such as Under：Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；Si:0.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, vacuum induction melting and the casting of water cooling swage can be used It makes.The specific steps are：
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Then electricity is reduced Stove power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.1%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes, it is fusion When temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted ferrosilicon is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature is ranging from 1300℃.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast, natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 15% brine hardening cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.7HRC, and impact is tough Property 11.6J/cm2, bending strength 1260MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 3., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, It is as follows：Cr：10.0wt.%；B：2.7wt.%；Si:1.2wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Impurity element controls It is shown in Table 2.
After good corresponding raw material being weighed according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and model casting, the specific steps are：
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Then Furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.12%；Continue about 8 points of heat preservation Load weighted ferrosilicon is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in clock；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature model Enclose is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 10% brine hardening cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 67.2HRC, and impact is tough Property 9.8J/cm2, bending strength 1198MPa.
It is raw material, ingredient that embodiment 4., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, Range is as follows：Cr：11.0wt.%；B：2.7wt.%；Si:1.5wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V: 0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After good corresponding raw material being weighed according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and sand casting, the specific steps are：
High carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1540 DEG C； Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation about 7 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted ferrosilicon is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature Ranging from 1250 DEG C of degree.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 5% quenches cooling.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, Quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 68HRC, impact flexibility 9.2J/cm2, bending strength 1120MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 5., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, at Divide range as follows：Cr：10.0wt.%；B：2.6wt.%；C：0.6wt.%；Si:0.6wt.%；Nb：0.3wt.%；V： 0.1wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and lost foam casting, specific steps It is as follows：
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C； Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation about 9 minutes, when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C, load weighted ferrosilicon is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, casting temperature Ranging from 1250 DEG C of degree.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, soaking time 3h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 15% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.2HRC, and impact is tough Property 12.0J/cm2, bending strength 1248MPa.
It is raw material, composition range that embodiment 6., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, It is as follows：Cr：10.0wt.%；B：2.6wt.%；Si:0.9wt.%；C：0.8wt.%；Nb：0.8wt.%；Impurity element controls It is shown in Table 2.
It is specific to walk using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning It is rapid as follows：
First by high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and ingot iron, fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Then it reduces Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 10 minutes, When melt temperature is 1320 DEG C, load weighted ferrosilicon is added；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, cast temperature range It is 1300 DEG C.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 10% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of temper 3h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.8HRC, and impact is tough Property 10.8J/cm2, bending strength 1266MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 7., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon and ingot iron, at Divide range as follows：Cr：11.0wt.%；B：2.6wt.%；Si:1.2wt.%；C：0.9wt.%；Nb：0.2wt.%；V： 0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, induction melting and lost foam casting can be used.Specific step It is rapid as follows：
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1580 ℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.10%；After continuation of insurance Load weighted ferrosilicon is added when melt temperature is 1280 DEG C in temperature about 5 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured It is 1250 DEG C to cast temperature range.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, soaking time 1h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 15% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 4h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 67.6HRC, and impact is tough Property 10.6J/cm2, bending strength 1186MPa.
It is raw material that embodiment 8., which selects high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ferrosilicon, vanadium iron and ingot iron, at Divide range as follows：Cr：13.0wt.%；B：2.6wt.%；Si:1.5wt.%；C：0.8wt.%；Nb：0.6wt.%；V： 0.4wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, using induction melting and lost foam casting, specific steps It is as follows：
High carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ingot iron are melted first, fusion temperature 1590 ℃；Then furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.13%；After continuation of insurance Load weighted ferrosilicon is added when melt temperature is 1300 DEG C in temperature about 7 minutes；Until completely melted, rapid cast alloys, are poured It is 1280 DEG C to cast temperature range.Die sinking temperature will be less than 200 DEG C after having cast.Natural cooling.
Then casting is put into box stove heat, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, soaking time 2h.Heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck that casting is quickly entered to 10% quenches cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of temper 2h, natural cooling.
After above-mentioned quenching-temper, the hardness of the Fe-Cr-Si-B-C alloys of preparation is 66.9HRC, and impact is tough Property 11.6J/cm2, bending strength 1260MPa.
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below：
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machines, load 150Kg makes a call to five It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machines, range 150J is beaten It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample size is 2 × 5 × The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient of 2 embodiment of table and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength

Claims (3)

1. a kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy, it is characterised in that：The mass percentage of alloy each element is Cr：9.0~ 13.0 B：2.6~2.9, C：0.7~0.9, Si：0.6~1.5%, Nb：0.4~0.8, V：The content of 0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, Si content is less than 0.07, S, P：≤ 0.01, surplus Fe, wherein C, B gross mass percentage composition are：3.3~3.6；C/ Cr content ratios：0.06~0.08；The gross mass percentage composition of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.
2. Si as described in claim 1 strengthens casting and the heat treatment method of high hardness wear-resisting alloy, it is characterised in that including Following steps：After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportioning, alloy is prepared using induction furnace melting, first by chromium Then iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron fusing, 1540~1620 DEG C of fusion temperature reduce furnace power, will melt After temperature is down to 1300~1350 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of dispensing total amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue heat preservation about 5~10 minutes, Load weighted ferrosilicon, cast alloys, ranging from 1280~1320 DEG C of cast temperature is added；From setting temperature to 600 DEG C Cooling velocity should be not less than 60 DEG C/min, be realized by placing chill in water cooling, swage or mold.
3. Si as described in claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of high hardness wear-resisting alloy, it is characterised in that：Prepare heavy castings When, casting should release the constraint of mold between 600~800 DEG C.
CN201810589178.2A 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of Si strengthens high hardness wear-resisting alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Withdrawn CN108425073A (en)

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