CN109991313B - Acoustic emission monitoring device and acoustic emission monitoring method using same - Google Patents
Acoustic emission monitoring device and acoustic emission monitoring method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN109991313B CN109991313B CN201910178636.8A CN201910178636A CN109991313B CN 109991313 B CN109991313 B CN 109991313B CN 201910178636 A CN201910178636 A CN 201910178636A CN 109991313 B CN109991313 B CN 109991313B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/223—Supports, positioning or alignment in fixed situation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic emission monitoring device, and relates to a monitoring device for monitoring surrounding rock fracture dynamic conditions. The acoustic emission monitoring device is simple in structure and can effectively monitor the surrounding rock fracture condition. The invention relates to an acoustic emission monitoring device, which comprises an acoustic emission device outer tube, a mounting seat, a solidifying and fixing solvent and a piston probe, wherein the mounting seat is all sleeved at one end in the acoustic emission device outer tube and is used for mounting an acoustic emission sensor, the solidifying and fixing solvent is filled at the middle position of the acoustic emission device outer tube, the piston probe is partially sleeved at the other end in the acoustic emission device outer tube, the solidifying and fixing solvent is mutually isolated from the mounting seat, the mounting seat and the piston probe are fixedly arranged in the acoustic emission device outer tube, a silica gel back baffle plate and a silica gel front baffle plate are respectively sleeved on the acoustic emission device outer tube and the piston probe, the acoustic emission monitoring device further comprises a plugging cap, and one end of the plugging cap is plugged at the end part of the acoustic emission device outer tube and is fixed on the mounting seat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring and early warning device for a roadway, in particular to a monitoring device for monitoring the dynamic condition of surrounding rock fracture.
Background
In the monitoring and early warning of dynamic disasters (coal mine rock burst, hard rock burst and the like), for example, the coal mine rock burst is monitored and early warning by adopting a drilling cutting method for the in-situ prediction of the coal mine rock burst at home and abroad at present. The drilling cuttings amount is a reflection of the state of rock mass fracture in the drilling cuttings hole and comprises comprehensive indexes of factors such as mining stress, coal mass properties, outstanding environment and the like. The drill cuttings method is used for monitoring and early warning, and the problems that the operation process is complex, the operation error is caused by different persons, continuous monitoring cannot be achieved and the like exist, so that useful information is omitted, and rock burst cannot be accurately and effectively early warned.
In order to avoid the defect of the drilling cutting method, the invention provides an early warning mode by utilizing an acoustic emission monitoring method in the prior art, which has the advantages of being direct and accurate and capable of monitoring in real time, but has the problems of weak burst signal strength, serious noise interference of a sensor and the like when the prior acoustic emission monitoring device and the prior acoustic emission monitoring method are utilized for early warning, so that the problems of unreliable inversion analysis result of acoustic emission signal data, incorrect extraction of acoustic emission effective signals, failure of the acoustic emission judging method and the like occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the acoustic emission monitoring device which has a simple structure and can effectively monitor the surrounding rock fracture condition.
The invention relates to an acoustic emission monitoring device, which is arranged in a monitoring hole and comprises an acoustic emission device outer tube, a mounting seat which is all sleeved at one end in the acoustic emission device outer tube and is used for mounting an acoustic emission sensor, a curing and fixing solvent filled at the middle position of the acoustic emission device outer tube and a piston probe which is partially sleeved at the other end in the acoustic emission device outer tube, wherein the curing and fixing solvent and the mounting seat are mutually isolated, the mounting seat and the piston probe are fixedly arranged in the acoustic emission device outer tube, a silica gel back baffle plate and a silica gel front baffle plate are respectively sleeved on the acoustic emission device outer tube and the piston probe,
The acoustic emission sensor is characterized by further comprising a plugging cap for plugging the acoustic emission sensor, wherein one end of the plugging cap is plugged at the end part of the outer tube of the acoustic emission device and is fixed on the mounting seat.
The invention relates to an acoustic emission monitoring device, wherein a positioning stop pin is arranged between a mounting seat and an acoustic emission device outer tube, and the mounting seat realizes positioning and mounting in the acoustic emission device outer tube through the positioning stop pin.
According to the acoustic emission monitoring device, the end face of the plugging cap is fixedly provided with the sheep eye screw, the steel wire rope fixedly locked on the steel wire rope clamp is wound on the sheep eye screw, the steel wire rope is pulled to enable the outer tube of the acoustic emission device and the mounting seat to be sheared, the positioning stop pin is cut off, and the mounting seat is separated from the outer tube of the acoustic emission device, so that the mounting seat, the plugging cap and the acoustic emission sensor can be recycled.
The acoustic emission monitoring device comprises a mounting seat, wherein a containing cavity for placing an acoustic emission sensor is arranged in the mounting seat, a through first locking hole is formed in the peripheral surface of the mounting seat at a position corresponding to the containing cavity, and the acoustic emission sensor is locked and fixed in the containing cavity through a set screw arranged in the first locking hole.
The acoustic emission monitoring device comprises a mounting seat, a plugging cap and a mounting seat, wherein a cylindrical pin and an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw are arranged between the plugging cap and the mounting seat, the plugging cap is positioned and mounted on the mounting seat through the cylindrical pin, and the plugging cap is locked and fixed on the mounting seat through the screw.
According to the acoustic emission monitoring device, one end of the plugging cap extends into the acoustic emission device outer tube and abuts against the end face of the mounting seat, a plurality of positioning beads are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the plugging cap at the connection position with the acoustic emission device outer tube, V-shaped grooves are formed in the inner circumferential surface of the acoustic emission device outer tube at positions corresponding to the positioning beads, and the positioning beads are matched with the V-shaped grooves to realize locking and positioning of the plugging cap in the acoustic emission device outer tube.
The invention relates to an acoustic emission monitoring device, wherein a positioning stop pin is arranged between a piston probe and an acoustic emission device outer tube, and the piston probe is positioned and fixed in the acoustic emission device outer tube through the positioning stop pin.
According to the acoustic emission monitoring device, when thrust is applied from the outside, the outer tube of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe relatively displace, and the positioning stop pin can be cut off, so that the solidified fixing solvent in the outer tube of the acoustic emission device overflows from the piston probe, and the acoustic emission monitoring outer tube, the piston probe and the monitoring hole are bonded into a whole.
The acoustic emission monitoring device further comprises a mounting head and a mounting rod sleeved and fixed in the mounting head, the other end of the plugging cap stretches into the mounting head, the mounting head is detachably connected with the plugging cap, a notch is formed in the mounting head, a through hole is formed in the plugging cap, and a power signal wire can penetrate through the notch and pass through the through hole and then is connected with the acoustic emission sensor.
An acoustic emission monitoring method using any one of the acoustic emission monitoring devices described above, comprising the steps of:
① Arranging a plurality of groups of monitoring holes and monitoring auxiliary holes on the wall of the two sides of the coal seam of the roadway, wherein the distances between the monitoring holes and the monitoring auxiliary holes meet the condition that rupture signals in the range of the monitoring auxiliary holes can be received by the acoustic emission monitoring devices in the monitoring holes;
② Arranging the acoustic emission monitoring device in the monitoring hole, and placing the acoustic emission monitoring device at the bottom of the monitoring hole;
③ And the acoustic emission monitoring device is used for monitoring and analyzing the surrounding rock rupture signal of the monitoring auxiliary hole, so that dynamic monitoring and disaster dynamic early warning are realized.
The acoustic emission monitoring device is characterized in that the acoustic emission monitoring device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, can monitor the changes of dynamic disasters of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering in real time, dynamically pre-warn, prevent dynamic disasters and improve the safety and effectiveness of dynamic disaster monitoring of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering. And the effective signal attenuation and construction noise interference are reduced by installing the acoustic emission sensor in the monitoring hole. According to the acoustic emission monitoring method, the roadway surrounding rock rupture process in the dynamic disaster inoculation evolution process is displayed on the periphery of the monitoring auxiliary hole through the arrangement of the auxiliary hole, effective signal attenuation and on-site noise interference are reduced through the arrangement of the monitoring hole and the installation of the sensor in the monitoring hole, the micro-rupture state of the surrounding rock at the hole wall of the auxiliary hole is directly monitored, the defect of a drilling cutting method is overcome, and the dynamic disaster is monitored in real time.
The acoustic emission monitoring device is provided with the positioning stop pin, so that the positioning and the installation of the installation seat in the outer tube of the acoustic emission device and the positioning and the fixing of the piston probe in the outer tube of the acoustic emission device are realized; pulling the steel wire rope, cutting off a positioning automatic pin positioned between the mounting seat and the outer tube of the acoustic emission device, separating the mounting seat from the outer tube of the acoustic emission device, and recycling the acoustic emission sensor in the mounting seat; when the external thrust reaches a certain degree, a positioning automatic pin positioned between the piston probe and the outer tube of the acoustic emission device is cut off, the solidified and fixed solvent is pressed out by the piston probe, and the acoustic emission monitoring device and the monitoring Kong Guhua are integrated under the action of the silica gel front baffle and the silica gel rear baffle; the acoustic emission sensor is locked and fixed in the mounting seat through the hexagonal flat end set screw so as to be prevented from loosening; the positioning beads are matched with the V-shaped grooves to realize locking and positioning of the plugging cap in the outer tube of the acoustic emission device; and the installation head and the installation rod are arranged, so that the acoustic emission monitor is convenient to install in the monitoring hole.
The acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an axial measurement structure of an acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view at D in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken at E-E of FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a roadway layout for the acoustic emission monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a monitor hole arrangement for the acoustic emission monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a real-time acquisition monitoring system of the acoustic emission monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the mounting head and mounting rod shaft of the acoustic emission monitoring device of the present invention.
The device comprises a 100-acoustic emission monitoring device, a 1-acoustic emission sensor, a 2-mounting seat, a 3-silica gel rear baffle, a 4-acoustic emission device outer tube, a 41-first blind hole, a 42-second blind hole, a 5-piston probe, a 6-silica gel front baffle, a 7-positioning stop pin, an 8-plugging cap, a 81-first section, a 82-second section, a 83-third section, a 84-through hole, a 9-sheep eye screw, a 10-gasket, a 11-gasket nut, a 12-inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw, a 13-mounting head, a 131-notch, a 14-butterfly nut, a 15-hexagonal head screw, a 16-sealing ring, a 17-positioning bead, a 18-cylindrical pin, a 19-inner hexagonal flat end set screw, a 20-wire rope clamp, a 21-wire rope, a 22-cured set solvent, a 23-mounting rod, a 24-monitoring auxiliary hole, a 25-holding hole, a 26-coal seam wall, a 27-roadway, a 28-junction box, a 29-substation, a 30-ring network, a 31-monitoring host, a 32-holding cavity, a 33-first positioning hole, a 33-third positioning hole, a 34-third positioning hole, a 35-fourth positioning hole, a 35-positioning hole, a 39-fourth positioning hole, a 37-positioning hole, a fourth positioning hole, a 37-positioning hole and a fourth positioning hole.
Detailed Description
In the prior art, a drilling cutting method is generally adopted for coal mine rock burst early warning, but the drilling cutting method has the defects of complex operation, incapability of monitoring in real time and inaccurate monitoring results, in order to avoid the problems, the related technical personnel invents an acoustic emission monitoring method for coal mine rock burst early warning, surrounding rock is monitored by utilizing the existing acoustic emission monitoring device, a sensor is easy to be disturbed by noise, the acoustic emission signal data inversion analysis results are unreliable, the monitoring effect on surrounding rock fracture condition is not good, in order to solve the problems, the invention provides an acoustic emission monitoring device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2 in combination with fig. 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6, and fig. 8, an acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is arranged in a monitoring hole 25, and comprises an acoustic emission device outer tube 4, a mounting seat 2 which is used for mounting an acoustic emission sensor 1 and is sleeved on one end of the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, a curing fixing solvent 22 filled in the middle position of the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, and a piston probe 5 which is partially sleeved on the other end of the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, the curing fixing solvent 22 and the mounting seat 2 are mutually isolated, the piston probe 5 and the acoustic emission device 4 are fixedly arranged on the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, and a silica gel cap 2 is arranged on the outer tube 2 and a sealing cap 2 is arranged on the sealing end part of the acoustic emission device 1 and the sealing cap 2 is arranged on the outer tube 2, and is also provided with a sealing cap 2. The acoustic emission monitoring device has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, can monitor the changes of dynamic disasters of mining engineering and geotechnical engineering in real time, dynamically pre-warn, prevent the dynamic disasters, and improves the safety and effectiveness of the dynamic disasters monitoring of the mining engineering and the geotechnical engineering. And effective signal attenuation and construction noise interference are reduced by mounting the sensor in the monitoring hole 25.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5,6 and 8, in order to isolate the mounting seat 2 from the curing and fixing solvent, the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device has a first blind hole 41 formed at one end and a second blind hole 42 formed at the other end, the mounting seat 2 is mounted in the first blind hole 41, and the curing and fixing solvent 22 and the piston probe 5 are mounted in the second blind hole 42.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, in order to ensure the compactness of the mating surface of the mounting seat 2 and the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, and prevent the mounting seat 2 from loosening, the first blind hole 41 has a certain internal taper, and the mounting seat 2 has an external taper adapted to the internal taper.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in order to realize the positioning of the mounting seat 2 in the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, two positioning holes 34 perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device are formed at positions of the first blind hole 41, a first positioning hole 33 is formed at positions of the mounting seat 2 corresponding to the second positioning hole 34, positioning stop pins 7 penetrate through the first positioning hole 33 and the second positioning hole 34, and the mounting seat 2 is fixed in position in the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device through the positioning stop pins 7.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 8 and 11, in order to separate the mounting seat 2 from the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device to recycle the mounting seat 2, the plugging cap 8 and the acoustic emission sensor 1, a sheep eye screw 9 is fixedly mounted on the end surface of the plugging cap 8, a steel wire rope 21 fixedly locked on the steel wire rope clamp 20 is wound on the sheep eye screw 9, after the mounting seat 2 is separated from the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, the steel wire rope 21 is pulled to pull the mounting seat 2, the plugging cap 8 and the acoustic emission sensor 1 out of the monitoring hole 25, and the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe 5 are remained in the monitoring hole 25, so that recycling of the components is realized, and the operation is convenient.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, in order to realize the locking and fixing of the acoustic emission sensor 1 in the mounting seat 2 to prevent the acoustic emission sensor from loosening, a through first locking hole 35 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting seat 2 at a position corresponding to the accommodating cavity 32, and the acoustic emission sensor 1 is locked and fixed in the accommodating cavity 32 by an inner hexagon flat end set screw 19 in the first locking hole 35 by being placed in the accommodating cavity 32.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 8, in order to facilitate connection of the plugging cap 8 with the mounting seat 2 and the mounting head 13 (the specific structure is described later), the plugging cap 8 comprises three integrally formed sections, namely a first section 81 connected with the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, a second section 82 and a third section 83 connected with the mounting head 13, the shape of the first section 81 is adapted to the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the first blind hole 41, the first section 81 extends into the first blind hole 41 and abuts against the end surface of the mounting seat 2, the end surface of the first section 81 is buckled on the end surface of the first blind hole 41 of the mounting seat 2, and the cross boss of the third section 83 is movably linked with the cross groove of the inner hole of the mounting head 13, so that the assembly of the mounting head 13 and the mounting rod 23 can be conveniently and smoothly removed after being mounted.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 in combination with fig. 8, in order to realize the installation and positioning of the plugging cap 8 on the installation seat 2, so as to facilitate the installation and fixation of the plugging cap 8 on the installation seat 2, a fifth positioning hole 36 is formed in the second section 82, a sixth positioning hole 37 is formed in a position of the installation seat 2 corresponding to the fifth positioning hole 36, and cylindrical pins 18 are disposed in the fifth positioning hole 36 and the sixth positioning hole 37, and the plugging cap 8 is installed on the installation seat 2 in a positioning manner through the cylindrical pins 18.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, in order to realize the fixed installation of the plugging cap 8 after positioning on the mounting seat 2 to prevent loosening, the mounting seat 2 and the plugging cap 8 are provided with first locking holes 38, and the plugging cap 8 is locked and fixed on the mounting seat 2 through the hexagon socket head cap screws 12 placed in the first locking holes 38.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 in combination with fig. 6, 7 and 9, in order to better realize locking and positioning of the plugging cap 8 in the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, ensure plugging performance of the plugging cap 8 on the mounting seat 2, a first section 81 of the plugging cap 8 extends into the acoustic emission device outer tube 4 and abuts against an end face of the mounting seat 2, a plurality of precise positioning beads 17 are mounted at a connection position between the outer peripheral surface of the first section 81 and the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, a V-shaped groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the first blind hole 41 at a position corresponding to the precise positioning beads 17, and the precise positioning beads 17 are matched with the V-shaped groove to realize locking and positioning of the plugging cap 8 in the acoustic emission device outer tube 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 in combination with fig. 5, in order to improve the tightness between the sealing cap 8 and the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, a sealing ring 16 is arranged between the first section 81 of the sealing cap 8 and the port of the first blind hole 41 of the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, preventing signal interference.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 in combination with fig. 5, in order to improve the sealing performance of the device, when the power signal line passes through the plugging cap 8, a sealing gasket 10 and a sealing gasket nut 11 are arranged between the third section 83 of the plugging cap 8 and the power signal line, so that signal interference is effectively prevented, tightness is ensured, and accuracy of signal receiving and tightness of the acoustic emission sensor 1 are ensured.
Preferably, in order to realize positioning and mounting of the piston probe 5 in the acoustic emission device outer tube 4, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, a third positioning hole 39 perpendicular to the axial direction of the acoustic emission device outer tube 4 is formed at a position of the second blind hole 42, a fourth positioning hole 40 is formed at a position of the piston probe 5 corresponding to the third positioning hole 39, positioning stop pins 7 penetrate through the third positioning hole 39 and the fourth positioning hole 40, and positioning of the piston probe 5 in the acoustic emission device outer tube 4 is realized through the positioning stop pins 7. When the external thrust is applied to a certain extent, the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe 5 are relatively displaced, and the positioning stop pin 7 can be cut off, so that the solidified fixing solvent 22 in the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device overflows from the overflow hole 43, and the overflowed solidified fixing solvent 22 is limited between the two under the action of the silica gel back baffle 3 and the silica gel front baffle 6, so that the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe 5 are adhered to the coal seam wall 26 of the monitoring hole 25 into a whole.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, in order to improve the tightness of the device, a sealing ring 16, for example an O-ring 16, is mounted between the piston probe 5 and the second blind hole 42.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the installation of the acoustic emission monitoring device in the monitoring hole and the recycling of the acoustic emission sensor 1, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 in combination with fig. 13, the acoustic emission monitoring device further comprises an installation head 13 and an installation rod 23 sleeved and fixed in the installation head 13, during installation, the third section 83 of the plugging cap 8 extends into the installation head 13, the installation head 13 is detachably connected with the plugging cap 8, a notch 131 is formed in the installation head 13, a through hole 84 is formed in the plugging cap 8, and a power signal wire can penetrate from the notch 131 and pass through the through hole 84 to be connected with the acoustic emission sensor 1 in the accommodating cavity 32.
The outside applies thrust to the mounting rod 23 fixedly connected with the mounting head 13, the plugging cap 8, the mounting seat 2, the acoustic emission device outer tube 4 and the piston probe 5 are mounted at the bottom of the monitoring hole 25 in the coal seam wall 26, and after the mounting and the fixing, the mounting head 13, the mounting rod 23, the hexagon head bolt 15 and the butterfly nut 14 are removed. The mounting bar 23 may be appropriately lengthened according to the depth of the monitoring hole 25 to facilitate the installation of the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 in the monitoring hole 25. After the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is installed, the installation head 13, the installation rod 23, the hexagon head bolt 15 and the butterfly nut 14 can be removed, so that the cyclic utilization of the installation rod 23 and the installation head 13 is realized, and the inspection effect and quality of the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 are not affected.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in order to prevent the power signal line from interfering with the mounting head 13, the notch 131 is designed as a U-shaped groove that is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting head 13 and in the axial direction thereof.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2 in combination with fig. 5, in order to realize the fixed installation of the installation rod 23 on the installation head 13, the installation head 13 and the installation rod 23 are integrally connected, and the connection and the fixation between the installation head 13 and the installation rod 23 are realized through the cooperation of the butterfly nut 14 and the hexagon head bolt 15.
As shown in fig. 10-12, a method for acoustic emission monitoring of surrounding rock by using the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 includes the following steps:
① As shown in fig. 10, a plurality of groups of monitoring holes 25 and monitoring auxiliary holes 24 are arranged on two sides of a coal seam wall 26 of a roadway 27, and the distance between the monitoring holes 25 and the monitoring auxiliary holes 24 satisfies the range of the monitoring auxiliary holes 24, so that rupture signals in the range of the monitoring auxiliary holes 24 can be received by an acoustic emission monitoring device 100 in the monitoring holes 25;
② As shown in fig. 11, an acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is arranged in the monitoring hole 25, and the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is placed at the bottom of the monitoring hole 25;
③ As shown in fig. 12, the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is used to monitor and analyze the surrounding rock rupture signal of the monitoring auxiliary hole 24, so as to realize dynamic monitoring and disaster dynamic early warning.
Preferably, in the first step, as shown in fig. 10, curing supporting measures are performed on the monitoring hole 25 to avoid collapse and rupture of the hole wall, the monitoring auxiliary hole 24 is not subjected to supporting treatment, the bare hole state is protected, and the micro-rupture state of the surrounding rock of the wall of the auxiliary hole continuously develops and changes when the stress of the surrounding rock is increased, which is the most direct reflection of the inoculation and evolution process of dynamic disasters.
Preferably, in the first step, as shown in fig. 10, the depths and the number of the monitoring auxiliary holes 24 and the monitoring holes 25 are determined according to the size of the surrounding rock area to be monitored, and the depth of the monitoring holes 25 is smaller than the depth of the monitoring auxiliary holes 24.
Preferably, in the first step, as shown in fig. 10, the monitoring holes 25 and the monitoring auxiliary holes 24 are one group or two groups, the distance between the adjacent monitoring auxiliary holes 24 depends on the tendency of dynamic disaster of the rock mass, and the areas with higher risk of dynamic disaster should be densely distributed to form two sides of the roadway 27 real-time monitoring network.
Preferably, in the first step, as shown in fig. 10, the distance between the monitoring auxiliary holes 24 should not be smaller than the propagation distance of the acoustic emission signal, so as to avoid the mutual interference of the monitoring signals of the adjacent auxiliary holes.
Preferably, in the second step, as shown in fig. 11, the steel wire rope 21 is pulled to a certain acting force, so that the installation seat 2 and the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device are sheared under the action of external force, the positioning stop pin 7 positioned at the installation seat 2 and the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device is cut off, and the installation seat 2, the silica gel back plate 3, the plugging cap 8, the sheep eye screw 9, the sealing gasket 10, the sealing gasket nut 11, the inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw 12, the sealing gasket 16, the positioning bead 17, the cylindrical pin 18, the inner hexagonal flat end set screw 19, the steel wire rope clamp 20 and the steel wire rope 21 are separated from the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device, so that the acoustic emission device is recycled.
Preferably, in the second step, as shown in fig. 11, when the external force pushes, for example, the force of a person during manual installation, the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe 5 are relatively displaced, so that the positioning stop pin 7 positioned at the positions of the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device and the piston probe 5 is cut off, the solidified fixing solvent 22 in the outer tube 4 of the acoustic emission device is pressed out by the piston probe 5, and the solidified fixing solvent 22 is integrated with the detection Kong Guhua under the action of the silica gel front baffle 6 and the silica gel rear baffle 3.
Preferably, in the second step, as shown in fig. 11, after the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 is arranged, the monitoring hole 25 is sealed, so as to ensure the signal receiving effect of the sensor.
Preferably, in step three, as shown in fig. 12, the acoustic emission monitoring device 100 in the monitoring hole 25 receives signals and transmits the signals to the junction box 28 and the monitoring substation 29 in real time, and then transmits the signals to the monitoring host 31 for analysis and processing through the ring network 30.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, and all the modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An acoustic emission monitoring device, characterized in that: the acoustic emission monitoring device (100) is arranged in a monitoring hole (25) and comprises an acoustic emission device outer tube (4), a mounting seat (2) which is sleeved at one end in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and is used for mounting an acoustic emission sensor (1), a curing and fixing solvent (22) filled at the middle position of the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and a piston probe (5) which is partially sleeved at the other end in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), wherein the curing and fixing solvent (22) and the mounting seat (2) are mutually isolated, the mounting seat (2) and the piston probe (5) are fixedly mounted in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), a silica gel back baffle (3) and a silica gel front baffle (6) are sleeved on the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and the piston probe (5) respectively, and the acoustic emission monitoring device further comprises a plugging cap (8) which is used for plugging the acoustic emission sensor (1), and one end of the plugging cap (8) is plugged at the end of the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and is fixed on the mounting seat (2);
A positioning stop pin (7) is arranged between the mounting seat (2) and the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), and the mounting seat (2) realizes positioning and mounting in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) through the positioning stop pin (7);
The end face of the plugging cap (8) is fixedly provided with a sheep eye screw (9), a steel wire rope (21) fixedly locked on a steel wire rope clamp (20) is wound on the sheep eye screw (9), the steel wire rope (21) is pulled to enable the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and the mounting seat (2) to be sheared, the positioning stop pin (7) is cut off, and the mounting seat (2) is separated from the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), so that the mounting seat (2), the plugging cap (8) and the acoustic emission sensor (1) are recycled;
A positioning stop pin (7) is arranged between the piston probe (5) and the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), and the piston probe (5) is positioned and fixed in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) through the positioning stop pin (7);
the device also comprises a mounting head (13) and a mounting rod (23) sleeved and fixed in the mounting head (13);
When external thrust is applied to the mounting rod (23) fixedly connected with the mounting head (13), the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and the piston probe (5) are relatively displaced, and the positioning stop pin (7) is cut off, so that the solidified fixing solvent (22) in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) overflows from the piston probe (5), and the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), the piston probe (5) and the monitoring hole (25) are bonded into a whole.
2. The acoustic emission monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the acoustic emission sensor is characterized in that a containing cavity (32) for containing the acoustic emission sensor (1) is formed in the mounting seat (2), a through first locking hole (35) is formed in the position, corresponding to the containing cavity (32), on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting seat (2), and the acoustic emission sensor (1) is locked and fixed in the containing cavity (32) through a set screw placed in the first locking hole (35).
3. The acoustic emission monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the plugging cap (8) and the mounting seat (2) are provided with cylindrical pins (18) and screws, the plugging cap (8) is positioned and mounted on the mounting seat (2) through the cylindrical pins (18), and the plugging cap (8) is locked and fixed on the mounting seat (2) through the screws.
4. The acoustic emission monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: one end of the plugging cap (8) stretches into the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) and abuts against the end face of the mounting seat (2), a plurality of positioning beads (17) are arranged at the joint of the outer peripheral surface of the plugging cap (8) and the acoustic emission device outer tube (4), V-shaped grooves are formed in the inner peripheral surface of the acoustic emission device outer tube (4) at positions corresponding to the positioning beads (17), and the positioning beads (17) are matched with the V-shaped grooves to realize locking and positioning of the plugging cap (8) in the acoustic emission device outer tube (4).
5. The acoustic emission monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the other end of the plugging cap (8) stretches into the mounting head (13), the mounting head (13) is detachably connected with the plugging cap (8), a notch is formed in the mounting head (13), a through hole is formed in the plugging cap (8), and a power signal wire can penetrate through the notch and pass through the through hole and then is connected with the acoustic emission sensor (1).
6. An acoustic emission monitoring method using the acoustic emission monitoring device of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
① Arranging a plurality of groups of monitoring holes (25) and monitoring auxiliary holes (24) on two sides of a coal seam wall (26) of a roadway (27), wherein the distances between the monitoring holes (25) and the monitoring auxiliary holes (24) meet the condition that rupture signals in the range of the monitoring auxiliary holes (24) can be received by the acoustic emission monitoring device (100) in the monitoring holes (25);
② The acoustic emission monitoring device (100) is arranged in the monitoring hole (25), and the acoustic emission monitoring device (100) is placed at the bottom of the monitoring hole (25);
③ And the acoustic emission monitoring device (100) is used for monitoring and analyzing the surrounding rock rupture signal of the monitoring auxiliary hole (24) so as to realize dynamic monitoring and disaster dynamic early warning.
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