CN109986386B - Elevator brake pad processing device and processing method - Google Patents
Elevator brake pad processing device and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109986386B CN109986386B CN201910393250.9A CN201910393250A CN109986386B CN 109986386 B CN109986386 B CN 109986386B CN 201910393250 A CN201910393250 A CN 201910393250A CN 109986386 B CN109986386 B CN 109986386B
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/066—Bench vices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/04—Work clamping means using fluid means or a vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of elevator production, in particular to an elevator brake block processing device and a processing method, wherein the processing steps comprise: step one: clamping the top surface of the elevator brake block upwards on a bench vice, and clamping two short side surfaces; step two: milling the top surface and two long side surfaces of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool; step three: milling two positioning pin holes of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool by taking a long side face as a machining reference; step four: the bottom surface of the elevator brake block is upwards placed on a fixture, positioning is carried out by utilizing a positioning pin shaft, and two thin wings of the elevator brake block are pressed; step five: milling the bottom surface of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool by taking the top surface of the elevator brake block as a processing reference; step six: the pressing block is pressed on the bottom surface of the elevator brake block, and the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a processing device and a processing method for elevator brake pad mass production are provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevator production, in particular to an elevator brake block processing device and an elevator brake block processing method.
Background
The elevator brake block is a brake block which needs to be suspended when an elevator ascends and descends, belongs to a safety piece, and has high requirements on material hardness and processing precision. The invention patent with publication number of CN108263980A discloses a tongue plate for braking, namely an elevator brake pad, wherein the surface precision requirement of the elevator brake pad is high, all appearance surfaces are required to be subjected to visible light during processing, the blanking size needs to be left on each surface, and the position precision of the whole product is ensured by taking holes on the top surface as the positioning of back processing after finishing the top surface.
For manufacturers, the product supply quantity is very large, the monthly supply quantity can reach tens of thousands of products, the existing elevator brake block production method generally uses a machine tool to clamp a brake block blank by self-carrying fixtures, then processes such as drilling, milling a plane and the like are respectively carried out, and the operation of clamping and replacing the machine tool for a plurality of times is often needed for processing a brake block blank, so that time and labor are wasted, and a processing device and a processing method capable of efficiently and massively producing the elevator brake block are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a processing device and a processing method for elevator brake pad mass production are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an elevator brake block processing device comprises a bench vice, a first numerical control machine tool, a tool clamp and a second numerical control machine tool;
the bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool;
the tool clamp comprises a base, a clamping part and a positioning pin shaft;
the clamping parts are rotatably connected to the base, the positioning pin shafts are fixedly connected to the base, and the positioning pin shafts are multiple;
the positioning pin shaft comprises a first positioning pin, a second positioning pin and an error-proofing pin; the first locating pin and the second locating pin are used for locating a locating pin hole on the elevator brake block, the error-proofing pin is positioned on the same side as the second locating pin, and the error-proofing pin is used for locating any bolt hole on the side of the elevator brake block, which is collinear with the locating pin hole;
the tool clamp further comprises a pressing block, a fixing nut is fixedly connected to the middle of the base, a through hole is formed in the middle of the pressing block, a bolt rod is rotationally connected to the through hole, and the bolt rod is in threaded connection with the fixing nut.
The method for processing the elevator brake pad by using the elevator brake pad processing device comprises the following steps:
step one: clamping the top surface of the elevator brake block upwards on a bench vice, and clamping two short side surfaces;
step two: milling the top surface and two long side surfaces of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool;
step three: milling two positioning pin holes of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool by taking a long side face as a machining reference;
step four: the bottom surface of the elevator brake block is upwards placed on a fixture, positioning is carried out by utilizing a positioning pin shaft, and two thin wings of the elevator brake block are pressed;
step five: milling the bottom surface of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool by taking the top surface of the elevator brake block as a processing reference;
step six: pressing the pressing blocks on the bottom surface of the elevator brake block, loosening two thin wings of the elevator brake block, milling two short side surfaces of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool, and finishing the processing of the elevator brake block.
The elevator brake block processing device has the beneficial effects that: the two numerical control machine tools are used for respectively processing the same elevator brake pad, so that the tool changing time can be reduced; the positioning pin shaft of the fixture comprises the positioning pin and the error-proof pin, so that the machining precision of the elevator brake can be guaranteed, the situation that a worker reversely installs an elevator brake block can be avoided, and the error machining is avoided; the fixture can clamp different positions of the elevator brake pad and process different surfaces respectively, so that the utilization rate of the fixture and the working efficiency of workers are improved, and complex fixture replacement operation is avoided.
The elevator brake block processing method has the beneficial effects that: the two numerical control machine tools are used for respectively processing the same elevator brake pad, so that the tool changing time can be reduced; the positioning pin shaft of the fixture not only can ensure the machining precision of the elevator brake; the fixture can clamp different positions of the elevator brake pad and process different surfaces respectively, so that the utilization rate of the fixture and the working efficiency of workers are improved, and complex fixture replacement operation is avoided; the positioning pin plays a role in accurate positioning, and the error-proofing pin can prevent workers from reversely assembling the elevator brake pad and avoid error machining; the processing procedure of the elevator brake pad is standardized, and batch production and processing are convenient; the bench vice is used for clamping in the first to third steps, and the fixture is used for clamping in the fourth to sixth steps, so that the clamping times are reduced, the assembly line processing is facilitated, and the production efficiency is improved; in the processing process, two thin wings with low requirements on the surface precision of the elevator brake pad are used as clamped parts as far as possible, so that the damage of other surfaces with high requirements on precision due to the action of clamping force is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a tool clamp of an elevator brake block processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a fixture for clamping an elevator brake pad of the elevator brake pad processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an upward block diagram of the top surface of an elevator brake pad produced by the method for processing an elevator brake pad by the elevator brake pad processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is an upward block diagram of the bottom surface of an elevator brake pad produced by the method for processing an elevator brake pad by the elevator brake pad processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a fixture of an elevator brake pad processing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural diagram of an anti-collision device of a second elevator brake block processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a front view of a bump guard of a second elevator brake pad processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1-a base; 2-a clamping part; 3-positioning a pin shaft; 301-a first positioning pin; 302-a second locating pin;
303-error proofing pins; 4-fixing the nut; 5-briquetting; 501-bolt bar; 6-an elevator brake pad; 601-top surface; 602-locating pin holes; 603-long sides; 604-top surface; 605-short sides; 606-thin wings.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The most critical concept of the invention is as follows: 1. the invention discloses a processing method for mass production of elevator brake pads, which can effectively improve the production efficiency of the elevator brake pads; 2. the fixture part in the processing device is specially designed according to the processing method, so that the fixture part is convenient for workers to operate, and the processing time is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an elevator brake block processing apparatus includes a bench vice, a first numerical control machine, a tool fixture, and a second numerical control machine;
the bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool;
the tool clamp comprises a base 1, a clamping part 2 and a positioning pin shaft 3;
the clamping parts 2 are multiple, the clamping parts 2 are rotatably connected to the base 1, the positioning pin shafts 3 are fixedly connected to the base 1, and the positioning pin shafts 3 are multiple;
the positioning pin shaft 3 comprises a first positioning pin 301, a second positioning pin 302 and an error-proof pin 303; the first positioning pin 301 and the second positioning pin 302 are used for positioning a positioning pin hole on an elevator brake block, and the error-proofing pin 302 is used for positioning any one of the bolt holes on the elevator brake block on the side of the same line with the positioning pin hole;
the fixture further comprises a pressing block 5 used for pressing the elevator brake pad on the base, and the pressing block 5 is detachably connected with the base 1.
The working process of the processing device of the invention is as follows: clamping the top surface 601 of a blank of the elevator brake block 6 on a bench vice upwards, milling the top surface 601 of the elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool, and milling two long side surfaces 603 of the elevator brake block; the first numerical control machine tool is used for automatically replacing a cutter, and two positioning pin holes 602 of an elevator brake block are milled out by the first numerical control machine tool; taking down the elevator brake block from the bench vice, placing the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake block upwards on the fixture, and positioning the two positioning pin holes 602 by using the positioning pin shafts on the fixture; the two positioning pin holes 602 are aligned with the first positioning pin 301 and the second positioning pin 302 respectively, meanwhile, the two bolt holes on one side of the elevator brake block are aligned with one row of the positioning pin holes 602, and the two bolt holes on the other side of the elevator brake block are not aligned with the positioning pin holes 602, so that besides the two positioning pin holes 602 need to be positioned accurately, an error-proof pin 303 is also required to be arranged, if the elevator brake block 6 is installed reversely, three holes on one side with the error-proof pin 303 are not aligned, and the elevator brake block 6 cannot be clamped; pressing down the clamping part 2 to press the thin wings 606 on the two sides of the elevator brake pad, and performing rough milling and finish milling on the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake pad by using a second numerical control machine tool; after the bottom surface 604 is processed, pressing a pressing block 5 on the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake block, pressing the elevator brake block 6 while connecting the pressing block 5 with the base 1, and performing rough milling and finish milling on two short side surfaces 605 of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool; after the processing is finished, the pressing block 6 is detached from the base 1 to take out the elevator brake block 6, and the processing is finished.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the two numerical control machine tools are used for respectively processing the same elevator brake pad, so that the tool changing time can be reduced; the positioning pin shaft of the fixture not only can ensure the machining precision of the elevator brake; the fixture can clamp different positions of the elevator brake pad and process different surfaces respectively, so that the utilization rate of the fixture and the working efficiency of workers are improved, and complex fixture replacement operation is avoided; the locating pin plays the effect of accurate positioning, and the mistake proofing round pin can avoid the workman to adorn the elevator brake block reversely, avoids the mistake processing.
Further, the clamping part comprises a clamping cylinder, a clamping cylinder switch and a clamping block, wherein the clamping cylinder switch is connected with the clamping cylinder through a pipeline, and the clamping block is rotationally connected to the top of the clamping cylinder.
From the above description, the clamping part is pneumatically controlled, and a worker can quickly complete the clamping process by operating the cylinder switch, so that the working hours are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Further, the middle part fixedly connected with fixation nut 4 of base 1, the through-hole has been seted up at briquetting 5 middle part on the base, the through-hole internal rotation is connected with bolt pole 501, bolt pole 501 and fixation nut 4 spiro union.
From the above description, the press block can be conveniently installed and detached through the connection of bolts and nuts.
Further, the middle part fixedly connected with of base 1 takes up the cylinder, take up cylinder switch and take up cylinder and pass through the pipe connection, take up cylinder sliding connection has the tensioning lever, the tensioning lever is detachable connection with briquetting 5.
According to the above description, after the pressing block is connected with the tension rod, the pressing block can compress the elevator brake block by controlling the tension cylinder to shrink, so that the compressing force can be accurately controlled, the surface of the elevator brake block is prevented from being damaged, a worker can rapidly complete the compressing process by operating the cylinder switch, the working time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Further, still include the crashproof piece, crashproof piece fixed connection is in briquetting 5 bottom, offered the draw-in groove on the crashproof piece, the tensioning lever top is provided with the lug, the tensioning lever passes through the lug joint in the draw-in groove of crashproof piece.
According to the anti-collision block, the tension rod can be effectively prevented from being cut by a cutter to cause loss, the convex blocks and the clamping grooves are clamped to enable the disassembly and assembly process of the pressing block to be simple and convenient, and the operation time is saved.
Further, the first positioning pin 301 and the second positioning pin 302 are in clearance fit with a positioning pin hole 602 on the elevator brake pad.
From the above description, the clearance fit can make the machining precision of the positioning pin holes not too high, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, the number of the clamping parts 2 is four, and the number of the positioning pins 3 is two.
From the above description, the tooling fixture can clamp and process two elevator brake pads simultaneously.
Further, the number of the clamping parts 2 is eight, and the number of the positioning pins 3 is four.
From the description, the tool clamp using pneumatic clamping can clamp and process four elevator brake pads at the same time, so that the processing efficiency is improved.
Further, the bench vice is a double-opening bench vice.
According to the description, the double-opening bench vice can clamp two elevator brake block blanks simultaneously and process the two elevator brake block blanks, so that the working efficiency is improved.
The method for processing the elevator brake pad by the elevator brake pad processing device comprises the following steps:
step one: the top surface 601 of the elevator brake pad is clamped on a bench vice upwards, and two short side surfaces are clamped;
step two: milling the top surface 601 and two long side surfaces 603 of the elevator brake pad by using a first numerical control machine tool;
step three: milling two positioning pin holes 602 of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool by taking a long side 603 as a machining reference;
step four: the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake pad is upwards placed on a fixture, positioning and error installation prevention are carried out by using a positioning pin and an error prevention pin, and two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake pad are pressed;
step five: milling the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake pad by using the top surface 601 of the elevator brake pad as a processing reference and using a second numerical control machine tool;
step six: pressing the pressing blocks on the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake block, loosening the two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake block, milling the two short side surfaces 605 of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool, and finishing the processing of the elevator brake block.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the processing procedure of the elevator brake pad is standardized, and batch production and processing are convenient; the bench vice is used for clamping in the first to third steps, and the fixture is used for clamping in the fourth to sixth steps, so that the clamping times are reduced, the assembly line processing is facilitated, and the production efficiency is improved; in the processing process, two thin wings with low requirements on the surface precision of the elevator brake pad are used as clamped parts as far as possible, so that the damage of other surfaces with high requirements on precision due to the action of clamping force is avoided.
Further, the method also comprises a step seven: and manually trimming burrs on the edges of the brake pads of the elevator by using a file.
Further, the second step, the fifth step and the sixth step all comprise secondary finish milling processes for repairing burrs on edges of the elevator brake blocks.
From the above description, the finish milling process can eliminate the manual deburring operation, thereby reducing the burden of workers.
Further, the fourth to sixth steps can process two elevator brake pads at the same time.
Further, the fourth to sixth steps can be used for simultaneously processing four elevator brake pads.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an elevator brake block processing device comprises a bench vice, a first numerical control machine tool, a tool fixture and a second numerical control machine tool; the bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool; the tool clamp comprises a base 1, a clamping part 2 and a positioning pin shaft 3; the clamping parts 2 are multiple, gaskets are arranged on the base, the positioning pin shafts 3 are fixedly connected to the base 1 through the gaskets, and the positioning pin shafts 3 are multiple; the positioning pin shaft 3 comprises a first positioning pin 301, a second positioning pin 302 and an error-proof pin 303; the first positioning pin 301 and the second positioning pin 302 are used for positioning a positioning pin hole on an elevator brake block, and the error-proofing pin 302 is used for positioning any one of the bolt holes on the elevator brake block on the side of the same line with the positioning pin hole; the clamping part comprises a clamping cylinder, a clamping cylinder switch and a clamping block, wherein the clamping cylinder switch is connected with the clamping cylinder through a pipeline, and the clamping block is rotationally connected to the top of the clamping cylinder; the middle part fixedly connected with taut cylinder of base 1, taut cylinder switch passes through pipe connection with taut cylinder, sliding connection has the tensioning lever in the taut cylinder, frock clamp is still including being used for pressing the briquetting 5 of elevator brake block on the base, the tensioning lever is detachable connection with briquetting 5.
Placing the elevator brake block on the gasket, and ensuring that the positioning pin holes and the bolt holes serving as error-preventing holes and preventing error installation are aligned with the positioning pins and the error-preventing pins on the gasket; after the elevator brake block is placed, the clamping cylinder switch is pressed, the clamping cylinder jacks up the clamping block, the clamping block clamps two wings of the elevator brake block, when the top surface and two long side surfaces of the elevator brake block are machined, the pressing block is connected with the tensioning cylinder, the tensioning cylinder switch is pressed, the pressing block is tensioned and pressed on the top surface of the elevator brake block, then the clamping cylinder switch is pressed again, the clamping block is enabled to loosen two wings of the elevator brake block, two short side surfaces of the elevator brake block are machined, the tensioning cylinder switch is pressed after machining is finished, the pressing block is loosened, and the pressing block is removed, so that the elevator brake block is taken out.
Example two
Most of the contents of the elevator brake block processing device in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the difference is that the tool clamp also comprises an anti-collision block,
the anti-collision block shown in fig. 6 and 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing block, a clamping groove is formed in the anti-collision block, a protruding block is arranged at the top of the tensioning rod, and the tensioning rod is clamped in the clamping groove of the anti-collision block through the protruding block.
When the long side surface of one side of the elevator brake block close to the tension rod is processed, the tension cylinder switch is stirred to enable the tension rod to be retracted into the cylinder body, and the height of the cylinder body is lower than the height of the gasket, so that a cutter cannot cut to a first connecting part at the top of the tension rod when the side surface of the elevator brake block is processed; when processing two short sides of elevator brake block, with the briquetting pressure at elevator brake block top surface, the second connecting portion and the first connecting portion of crashproof piece bottom are connected, and the cutter is even take place the maloperation, also can only cut crashproof piece outside, and can't further cut first connecting portion under crashproof piece's protection.
Example III
A method for processing an elevator brake pad by an elevator brake pad processing device;
the elevator brake block processing device comprises a bench vice, a first numerical control machine tool, a tool clamp shown in figure 1 and a second numerical control machine tool; the bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool; the tool clamp comprises a base 1, a clamping part 2 and a positioning pin shaft 3; the middle part of the base 1 is fixedly connected with fixing nuts 4, the number of the clamping parts 2 is four, the clamping parts 2 are rotatably connected to the base 1, the positioning pin shafts 3 are fixedly connected to the base 1, and the number of the positioning pin shafts 3 is two; the positioning pin shaft 3 comprises a first positioning pin 301, a second positioning pin 302 and an error-proof pin 303; the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin are symmetrically arranged according to the short central axis of the base, the first positioning pin 301 and the second positioning pin 302 are used for positioning a positioning pin hole on an elevator brake block, and the error-proofing pin 302 is used for positioning any bolt hole on one side of the alignment of the bolt hole on the elevator brake block and the positioning pin hole; the tool clamp further comprises a pressing block 5, a through hole is formed in the middle of the pressing block 5, a bolt rod 501 is rotationally connected to the through hole, and the bolt rod 501 is in threaded connection with a fixing nut 4;
referring to fig. 3 and 4, the processing method includes:
step one: the top surface 601 of the elevator brake pad is clamped on a bench vice upwards, and two short side surfaces are clamped;
step two: milling the top surface 601 and two long side surfaces 603 of the elevator brake pad by using a first numerical control machine tool;
step three: milling two positioning pin holes 602 of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool by taking a long side 603 as a machining reference;
step four: the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake pad is upwards placed on the fixture shown in fig. 1, positioning and error installation prevention are performed by using a positioning pin and an error prevention pin, and two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake pad are pressed;
step five: milling the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake pad by using the top surface 601 of the elevator brake pad as a processing reference and using a second numerical control machine tool;
step six: pressing the pressing blocks on the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake block, loosening the two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake block, and milling the two short side surfaces 605 of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool;
step seven: and manually trimming burrs on the edge of the elevator brake block by using the file, and finishing the elevator brake block.
Example IV
A method for processing an elevator brake pad by an elevator brake pad processing device;
the elevator brake block processing device comprises a double-opening bench vice, a first numerical control machine tool, a fixture clamp shown in figure 5 and two second numerical control machine tools; the double-opening bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool; the tool clamp comprises a base, a clamping part, a positioning pin shaft and a pressing block; eight clamping parts are arranged, gaskets are arranged on the base, the positioning pins are fixedly connected to the base through the gaskets, and the number of the positioning pins is four; the first locating pin and the second locating pin are used for locating a locating pin hole on the elevator brake block, and the error-proofing pin is used for locating any bolt hole on the side of the elevator brake block, which is collinear with the locating pin hole; the clamping part comprises a clamping cylinder, a clamping cylinder switch and a clamping block, wherein the clamping cylinder switch is connected with the clamping cylinder through a pipeline, and the clamping block is rotationally connected to the top of the clamping cylinder; the middle part of the base is fixedly connected with a tensioning cylinder, the tensioning cylinder switch is connected with the tensioning cylinder through a pipeline, and a tensioning rod is connected in the tensioning cylinder in a sliding manner; the tool clamp further comprises an anti-collision block, the anti-collision block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing block, a clamping groove is formed in the anti-collision block, a protruding block is arranged at the top of the tensioning rod, and the tensioning rod is clamped in the clamping groove of the anti-collision block through the protruding block;
referring to fig. 3 and 4, the method comprises:
step one: simultaneously, the top surfaces 601 of the two elevator brake blocks are clamped on the double-opening bench vice upwards, and the two short side surfaces are clamped;
step two: simultaneously milling the top surfaces 601 of two elevator brake blocks by using a first numerical control machine tool, and performing secondary finish milling;
step three: taking the long side 603 as a machining reference, and simultaneously milling four positioning pin holes 602 of two elevator brake pads by using a first numerical control machine tool;
step four: the bottom surfaces 604 of the four elevator brake blocks are upwards and simultaneously placed on a fixture clamp shown in fig. 5, positioning is carried out by utilizing a positioning pin shaft, and a clamping cylinder switch is pressed to enable a clamping block to press two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake blocks;
step five: taking the top surface 601 of the elevator brake block as a processing reference, simultaneously milling the bottom surfaces 604 and the long side surfaces 603 of the four elevator brake blocks by two second numerical control machine tools, and carrying out secondary finish milling;
step six: pressing the pressing blocks on the bottom surface 604 of the elevator brake block through a tensioning cylinder, loosening two thin wings 606 of the elevator brake block, simultaneously milling the short side surfaces 605 of the four elevator brake blocks by using two second numerical control machine tools, and carrying out secondary finish milling to finish the processing of the elevator brake blocks.
The efficiency of the processing schemes of example three and example four are compared in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Elevator brake block processing procedure | Example III | Example IV |
| Step one to three processing | One piece for 4 minutes | Two pieces for 4 minutes |
| Step three to four of material changing | One piece for 10 seconds | Two pieces for 10 seconds |
| Step five | Two pieces for 8 minutes | Four pieces for 16 minutes |
| Step five, first compacting | Two pieces for 10 seconds | Four pieces for 1 second |
| Step five, second pressing | Two pieces for 20 seconds | Four pieces for 10 seconds |
| Cleaning of reloading | Two pieces for 10 seconds | Four pieces for 10 seconds |
As is clear from the above table, the fourth embodiment saves 40 seconds of tool changing time compared with the third embodiment, which is about 10% of the total processing time; in the fourth embodiment, the air cylinders are used for clamping, one air valve controls 8 air cylinders to be pressed downwards, and the clamping time is saved by about 20 seconds; when the tool is suspended to be replaced, the pressing block and the disassembling pressing block of the manual screw rod in the third embodiment are changed into the operation of the four cylinders in the embodiment, so that the clamping time is saved by about 30 seconds; the bottom surface processing is changed from two materials in the first scheme to 4 materials in the second scheme, so that the tool changing time is saved by about 50 seconds; the tool for pressing the workpiece by the fourth air cylinder is more stable than that of the third air cylinder, the processing speed is increased by 10% of feeding compared with that of the third air cylinder, and the speed is increased by about 2 minutes; compared with the workpiece processed in the third embodiment, the workpiece processed in the fourth embodiment also needs to be manually trimmed by a burr knife, and the workpiece processed in the fourth embodiment completely trims the burrs in the procedure, so that the appearance of the workpiece is more attractive; in the fourth embodiment, the positioning pin shaft is raised through the gasket, so that the processing station is higher, the cutting fluid can easily punch aluminum away from the workpiece, and the aluminum blowing cutting time during material changing is reduced;
comparison by the above analysis, example four was used to compare example three:
(1) the processing time of a single piece is only 70% of that of the third embodiment; (2) the manual burr trimming is omitted, so that staff work more easily and pleasantly; (3) the front finishing cutter is omitted (reducing the cutter is saving cost), and the finish consistency of the machined side surface of the back side is better; (4) because the burr is not required to be manually repaired, one staff operating two numerical control machine tools in the third embodiment can be upgraded into one staff operating three numerical control machine tools in the fourth embodiment, and even if two numerical control machine tools can be stopped simultaneously when the three numerical control machine tools are used for changing materials, the daily output can be improved by more than 60%, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
In summary, the elevator brake block processing device and the elevator brake block processing method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: the processing procedure of the elevator brake pad is standardized, and batch production and processing are convenient; the bench vice is used for clamping in the first to third steps, and the fixture is used for clamping in the fourth to sixth steps, so that the clamping times are reduced, the assembly line processing is facilitated, and the production efficiency is improved; in the processing process, two thin wings with low requirements on the surface precision of the elevator brake pad are used as clamped parts as far as possible, so that the damage of other surfaces with high requirements on the precision due to the action of clamping force is avoided; the two numerical control machine tools are used for respectively processing the same elevator brake pad, so that the tool changing time can be reduced; the positioning pin shaft of the fixture not only can ensure the machining precision of the elevator brake; the fixture can clamp different positions of the elevator brake pad and process different surfaces respectively, so that the utilization rate of the fixture and the working efficiency of workers are improved, and complex fixture replacement operation is avoided; the tooling fixture can clamp and process two elevator brake blocks simultaneously; two elevator brake block blanks can be clamped simultaneously and processed by using the double-opening bench vice, so that the processing time is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for processing the elevator brake pad is characterized by comprising a bench vice, a first numerical control machine tool, a fixture clamp and a second numerical control machine tool;
the bench vice is fixedly connected to a processing table of the first numerical control machine tool, and the tool clamp is fixedly connected to a processing table of the second numerical control machine tool;
the tool clamp comprises a base, a clamping part and a positioning pin shaft;
the clamping parts are rotatably connected to the base, the positioning pin shafts are fixedly connected to the base, and the positioning pin shafts are multiple;
the positioning pin shaft comprises a first positioning pin, a second positioning pin and an error-proofing pin; the first locating pin and the second locating pin are used for locating a locating pin hole on the elevator brake block, the error-proofing pin is positioned on the same side as the second locating pin, and the error-proofing pin is used for locating any bolt hole on the side of the elevator brake block, which is collinear with the locating pin hole;
the fixture further comprises a pressing block used for pressing the elevator brake pad on the base, and the pressing block is detachably connected with the base;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one: clamping the top surface of the elevator brake block upwards on a bench vice, and clamping two short side surfaces;
step two: milling the top surface and two long side surfaces of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool;
step three: milling two positioning pin holes of an elevator brake block by using a first numerical control machine tool by taking a long side face as a machining reference;
step four: the bottom surface of the elevator brake block is upwards placed on a fixture, positioning is carried out by utilizing a positioning pin shaft, and two thin wings of the elevator brake block are pressed;
step five: milling the bottom surface of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool by taking the top surface of the elevator brake block as a processing reference;
step six: pressing the pressing blocks on the bottom surface of the elevator brake block, loosening two thin wings of the elevator brake block, milling two short side surfaces of the elevator brake block by using a second numerical control machine tool, and finishing the processing of the elevator brake block.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the clamping portion comprises a clamping cylinder, a clamping cylinder switch, and a clamping block, the clamping cylinder switch and the clamping cylinder being connected by a conduit, the clamping block being rotatably connected to a top of the clamping cylinder.
3. The method for manufacturing an elevator brake pad according to claim 1, wherein a fixing nut is fixedly connected to the middle portion of the base, a through hole is formed in the middle portion of the pressing block, a bolt rod is rotatably connected to the through hole, and the bolt rod is in threaded connection with the fixing nut.
4. The method for processing the elevator brake pad according to claim 1, wherein a tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the base, the tensioning cylinder switch is connected with the tensioning cylinder through a pipeline, a tensioning rod is slidably connected to the tensioning cylinder, and the tensioning rod is detachably connected with the pressing block.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising an anti-collision block fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing block, wherein the anti-collision block is provided with a clamping groove, the top of the tension rod is provided with a protruding block, and the tension rod is clamped in the clamping groove of the anti-collision block through the protruding block.
6. The method of machining an elevator brake pad according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bench vice is a double-opening bench vice.
7. The method of manufacturing an elevator brake pad of claim 1, further comprising the step seven: and manually trimming burrs on the edges of the brake pads of the elevator by using a file.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second, fifth and sixth steps each comprise a secondary finish milling process for deburring edges of the elevator brake pad.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the four to six steps are simultaneous processing of four elevator brake pads.
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| CN201910393250.9A CN109986386B (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Elevator brake pad processing device and processing method |
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| CN201910393250.9A CN109986386B (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Elevator brake pad processing device and processing method |
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| CN110774129B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-07-28 | 安川双菱电梯有限公司 | Automatic intelligent elevator processing production line |
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