CN109972644B - Open caisson device for pushing and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Open caisson device for pushing and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109972644B CN109972644B CN201910184620.8A CN201910184620A CN109972644B CN 109972644 B CN109972644 B CN 109972644B CN 201910184620 A CN201910184620 A CN 201910184620A CN 109972644 B CN109972644 B CN 109972644B
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- pulling
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/16—Jointing caissons to the foundation soil, specially to uneven foundation soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
- E02D31/12—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against upward hydraulic pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an open caisson device for pushing and a construction method thereof. The open caisson device for pushing comprises a square open caisson body, pushing angle beams are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper portion of the square open caisson body, four anti-pulling piles are fixedly arranged at four corners of the inner portion of the square open caisson body, the positions of the anti-pulling piles and the pushing angle beams are in one-to-one correspondence, pushing devices are arranged on the pushing angle beams, force transmission connecting pieces are arranged at the tops of the anti-pulling piles, the pushing angle beams and the pushing devices are connected through steel strands, pushing force of the pushing devices is transmitted to the anti-pulling piles through the pushing angle beams and the force transmission connecting pieces in sequence, and counter force is provided by the anti-pulling piles to achieve sinking of the open caisson. The device is used for construction, the construction process is simple to operate, workers can easily master the device, the construction speed is high, and the device has good economic and social benefits; the components formed by the device of the invention are basically existing finished products with mature technology, and are convenient to apply and popularize. Is particularly suitable for open caisson construction with complex surrounding environment in soft sandy soil areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to an open caisson device for pushing and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the promotion of the urban process, a large number of underground pipelines need to be built in cities around the country, a plurality of pipeline connecting wells are arranged at the sides of a building, the excavation depth is large, and the environment is complex. The construction difficulty is high, a great amount of cost is often input, and the damage to surrounding buildings is still difficult to avoid.
The open caisson is a construction mode for excavating a well with larger depth, namely, firstly, the wall of the open caisson is manufactured, then, earth is excavated and sunk, and after the open caisson reaches a designed elevation, a bottom plate is constructed, and the construction is completed. The sinking principle is to utilize the dead weight of the open caisson to overcome the sinking of the wall resistance, and the soil in the open caisson needs to be dug out first to reduce the wall resistance and then the dead weight is sunk. In the process of digging out soil bodies in the well, the stability of water and soil outside the well is difficult to ensure, and the soil bodies around the open caisson are lost and sunk, so that surrounding buildings, roads and underground pipelines are damaged. There is also a risk of instability and inclination of the open caisson during construction. In order to meet the requirements of rapidly developed city construction, a good method is needed to construct the open caisson at the position with poor geological conditions and high environmental requirements so as to meet the requirements of protecting the surrounding buildings of the open caisson and enhancing the safety and stability of the open caisson construction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sunk well device for pushing and a construction method thereof. The open caisson construction method can solve the problems of large investment, large environmental hazard, poor sinking stability and the like in the existing open caisson construction, and is particularly suitable for open caisson construction in sites with poor geological conditions and high environmental requirements.
The open caisson device for pushing comprises a square open caisson body, and is characterized in that pushing angle beams are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper portion of the square open caisson body, four anti-pulling piles are fixedly arranged at four corners of the inner portion of the square open caisson body, the positions of the anti-pulling piles and the pushing angle beams are in one-to-one correspondence up and down, a pushing device is arranged on the pushing angle beams, a force transmission connecting piece is arranged at the top of the anti-pulling pile, the anti-pulling piles are connected with the pushing angle beams and the pushing device through steel strands, pushing thrust of the pushing device is transmitted to the anti-pulling piles through the pushing angle beams and the force transmission connecting piece in sequence, and counter force is provided by the anti-pulling piles to realize sinking of the open caisson.
The open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the pushing device comprises a pushing anchor, a penetrating jack and a plurality of jacking irons, wherein the jacking irons are arranged between the penetrating jack and the pushing angle beam, the upper end of a steel twisted wire sequentially penetrates through the pushing angle beam, the jacking irons and the penetrating jack from bottom to top, and the end head is fixed on the upper part of the penetrating jack through the pushing anchor.
The open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the force transmission connecting piece comprises an upper anchor, an anchor plate, a lower anchor and a pulling-resistant steel bar, and the lower end part of the steel strand penetrates through the anchor plate and then is fixed by the lower anchor; the upper end part of the anti-pulling steel bar penetrates through the anchoring plate and then is fixed by the upper anchor, and the lower end part of the anti-pulling steel bar is fixedly connected with the anti-pulling pile.
The open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the thickness of the top iron is 0.2m, and the number of the top irons is 1-5.
The open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the anchoring plate is of a circular porous steel plate structure.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The construction preparation is familiar with design drawings, the engineering implementation environment is known, the current condition of the open caisson is investigated, the site is cleaned, the ground is hardened, the materials, mechanical equipment and the like entering the open caisson are comprehensively checked, and the open caisson is put into use after being checked to be qualified;
2) The construction method of the anti-pulling pile comprises the following steps of: positioning a drilling machine, punching, clearing holes, manufacturing a reinforcement cage, placing the reinforcement cage, and pouring underwater concrete;
3) Digging a foundation trench manufactured by the open caisson, digging the foundation trench to a depth of 2 meters, and removing miscellaneous fill;
4) Constructing a blade foot cushion layer, determining the thickness of a sand cushion layer according to calculation specifications, paving the sand cushion layer, compacting, and paving a concrete cushion layer;
5) Constructing an open caisson structure in sections, erecting a steel pipe bracket, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a template and pouring concrete; covering and moisturizing the concrete after pouring is finished to obtain a square open caisson body;
6) Setting up an operation platform, mounting open caisson pushing operation platforms at the tops of pushing angle beams, wherein the four open caisson pushing operation platforms are respectively positioned at four corners of the open caisson;
7) Removing the templates and the supports, namely removing the templates in the step 5), cleaning the surface of the open caisson structure, and removing the steel pipe supports on the inner side and the outer side of the open caisson;
8) Installing a pushing device and a force transfer connecting piece to break the pile head of the uplift pile manufactured in the step 2), adjusting pile top steel bars, fixedly installing the lower ends of the uplift steel bars of the force transfer connecting piece on the pile top steel bars, fixing the upper ends of the uplift steel bars on an anchoring plate through an upper anchorage device, connecting the lower ends of steel strands with the force transfer connecting piece, and fixing the steel strands on the anchoring plate through a lower anchorage device; the center penetrating jack is arranged on the pushing angle beam, and the upper end of the steel twisted wire penetrates through the pushing angle beam and the center penetrating jack and is fixed through the pushing anchor;
9) Removing the edge foot concrete cushion layer in the step 4), manually breaking the edge foot concrete cushion layer inside and outside the open caisson, cleaning, and symmetrically breaking at first in the well and then outside the well, and first turning angles and then in the middle;
10 Starting a pushing device to push and sink, synchronously starting a penetrating jack at four corners, arranging a level observation point on each pushing angle beam, observing the horizontal elevation of the open caisson by using a level meter in the pushing process, and timely adjusting the penetrating jack force at the corresponding position according to the elevation change of the open caisson, wherein the jacking speed of the jack is 0.8-1.2cm/min, preferably 1cm/min;
11 Adding a jacking iron jack, after one stroke is finished, collecting oil, returning the jack, adding a jacking iron jack under the penetrating jack, and circulating for five times;
12 After the top iron is added to the height of 1.0 meter, the top of the back-tightening anchor is changed into the top of the back-tightening anchor, namely after the last cycle is finished, oil is collected for withdrawing the jack, the pushing anchor is loosened, the top iron is adjusted, and the pushing anchor is moved down to the head of the jack; re-step 11) until the sinking height of the first section of the open caisson is completed;
13 After the sinking of the first section of the soil body in the open caisson is finished, adopting a high-pressure water gun to cut and break the soil body in the open caisson into slurry in a layered manner, and then using a slurry pump to wash and suck the soil body in the open caisson for outward transportation, wherein the water level in the open caisson is kept above groundwater for 0.5 meter during the flushing and sucking process, and the thickness of the washed and sucked soil body is 0.5 meter smaller than the sinking depth of the first section; continuously repeating the steps 10) -12 in the soil body flushing and sucking process until the open caisson is sunk to the designed elevation;
14 The pushing device is dismantled to the open caisson back cover, continues to dash and inhale the soil body in the open caisson, carries out the underwater concrete back cover after reaching the design elevation, and finishes the sinking construction of the open caisson.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the thickness of the sand cushion layer in the step 4) is 0.4-0.6 m, the width is 2.8-3.2 m, the thickness is preferably 0.5 m, and the width is 3.0 m; the concrete cushion has a thickness of 0.08-0.12 m, a width of 2.8-3.2 m, preferably a thickness of 0.1 m and a width of 3.0 m.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that in the step 5), the square open caisson body is manufactured in sections, and the manufacturing height of each section is 5-6 meters; the open caisson pushing operation platform in the step 6) is of a square structure with the side length of 2 meters, angle steel is adopted for manufacturing, a wood board is paved at the bottom of the open caisson pushing operation platform, the periphery of the open caisson pushing operation platform is provided with the railing, and the height of the railing is 1.2 meters.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that one stroke in the step 11) is 0.25 meter.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the sinking height of the first section of the open caisson in the step 12) is 2.8-3.2 meters, preferably 3 meters.
By adopting the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the defined open caisson device for pushing is adopted, the penetrating jack provides a pushing force for the uplift pile, and then the uplift pile provides a pushing reaction force for sinking of the open caisson, so that the construction equipment of the pile body of the uplift pile is a common pile driver, the technology is mature, the technology is reliable, the force transmission connecting piece is adopted to connect the uplift pile and the pushing device, the requirement of high pile body uplift resistance is met, the pile top connection is reliable, the sinking interference to the open caisson is small, the sinking construction efficiency is improved, the steel strands, the single-hole anchor, the clamping pieces and the penetrating jack which form the force transmission device are universal standard pieces, the technology is mature, the mechanical index is clear, the purchase is easy, and the use is convenient;
2) In the force transmission connecting piece, the anchoring plate adopts a circular porous steel plate structure, so that the requirements of convenient installation and reliable force transmission can be met; the pushing device is arranged on the pushing angle beam, the sinking pushing thrust of the sinking well is provided by the pushing angle beam, the bearing capacity of the angle beam is high, the jack is stably arranged at the top of the angle beam, the pushing angle beam can be used as a pushing operation platform, and the safety protection device is reliable;
3) According to the invention, the bored pile is arranged in the open caisson to serve as the anti-pulling pile, and in the sinking process of the open caisson, the counter force provided by the bored pile is utilized, and the jack and other facilities are used for providing a jacking force for the sinking of the open caisson, so that the open caisson stably sinks under the combined action of the pushing force and the dead weight; during construction, the open caisson is sunk firstly, then soil is taken, soil is taken after sinking for one section each time, and the process is circulated until sinking to a designed elevation. The inner water and soil pressure of the open caisson is always kept to be greater than the outer water and soil pressure of the open caisson in construction, so that potential safety hazards of surrounding soil settlement caused by sinking construction of the open caisson are eliminated, and surrounding buildings of the open caisson are protected. The construction process is simple to operate, easy to master by workers, high in construction speed and good in economic and social benefits. The components of the device are basically existing finished products with mature technology, and are convenient to apply and popularize. Is particularly suitable for open caisson construction with complex surrounding environment in soft sandy soil areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the attachment structure of the pushing device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the force transmission connection piece of the invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-pushing device, a 101-pushing anchor, a 102-penetrating jack, a 103-top iron, a 2-pushing angle beam, a 3-steel strand, a 4-square open caisson body, a 5-force transmission connecting piece, a 501-upper anchor, a 502-anchor plate, a 503-lower anchor, a 504-pulling-resistant steel bar, a 6-pulling-resistant pile and a 7-open caisson pushing operation platform.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the open caisson device for pushing comprises a square open caisson body 4, pushing angle beams 2 are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper part of the square open caisson body 4, four anti-pulling piles 6 are fixedly arranged at four corners of the inner part of the square open caisson body 4, the positions of the anti-pulling piles 6 are in one-to-one correspondence with the pushing angle beams 2, pushing devices 1 are arranged on the pushing angle beams 2, force transmission connecting pieces 5 are arranged at the tops of the anti-pulling piles 6, the anti-pulling piles 6 are connected with the pushing angle beams 2 and the pushing devices 1 through steel stranded wires 3, pushing thrust of the pushing devices 1 is transmitted to the anti-pulling piles 6 through the pushing angle beams 2 and the force transmission connecting pieces 5 in sequence, and the anti-pulling piles 6 provide counter force to realize sinking of the open caisson.
As shown in fig. 3, the pushing device 1 of the invention comprises a pushing anchor 101, a penetrating jack 102 and a plurality of top irons 103, wherein the top irons 103 are arranged between the penetrating jack 102 and a pushing angle beam 2, the upper ends of steel strands 3 sequentially pass through the pushing angle beam 2, the top irons 103 and the penetrating jack 102 from bottom to top, the ends are fixed at the upper part of the penetrating jack 102 through the pushing anchor 101, the thickness of the top irons 103 is 0.2m, the number of the top irons 103 is 1-5, the penetrating jack 102 pushes upwards, the generated thrust is transmitted to the pushing angle beam 2 through the top irons 103, and the reverse thrust generated by the pushing angle beam 2 is transmitted to a sunk well, so that the sunk well is assisted.
As shown in fig. 4, the force transmission connector 5 of the present invention comprises an upper anchor 501, an anchor plate 502, a lower anchor 503 and a pull-out resistant steel bar 504, wherein the lower end of the steel strand 3 passes through the anchor plate 502 and then is fixed by the lower anchor 503; the upper end part of the anti-pulling steel bar 504 passes through the anchoring plate 502 and then is fixed by the upper anchor 501, the lower end part is fixedly connected with the anti-pulling pile 6, the anchoring plate 502 used in the invention is of a round porous steel plate structure, the requirements of convenient installation and reliable force transmission can be met, and the steel stranded wires 3 generate upward pulling force under the action of the penetrating jack 102 and are transmitted to the anti-pulling pile 6 through the anchoring plate 502.
The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing comprises the following steps:
1) The construction preparation is familiar with design drawings, the engineering implementation environment is known, the current condition of the open caisson is investigated, the site is cleaned, the ground is hardened, the materials, mechanical equipment and the like entering the open caisson are comprehensively checked, and the open caisson is put into use after the check is qualified;
2) Drilling bored concrete pile construction, positioning a drilling machine, punching, clearing holes, manufacturing a reinforcement cage, placing the reinforcement cage, and pouring underwater concrete;
3) Digging a foundation trench manufactured by the open caisson, wherein the digging depth is 2 meters, and removing miscellaneous fill;
4) And (3) constructing the cutting edge foot cushion, determining the thickness of the sand cushion according to calculation, paving the sand cushion, wherein the thickness is generally 0.5 m, the width is 3.0 m, compacting, paving the concrete cushion, and the thickness is generally 0.1 m and the width is 3.0 m.
5) Manufacturing an open caisson structure in sections, erecting a bracket, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a template and pouring concrete; in the pouring process, the test blocks under the same conditions and the standard curing test blocks are kept according to the standard requirements, and after the pouring is finished, the concrete is covered and subjected to moisture-preserving curing; each section is manufactured to have a height of 5-6 meters.
6) Setting up an operation platform, and installing an open caisson pushing operation platform 7 at the top of a pushing angle beam, wherein the four open caisson pushing operation platforms are respectively positioned at four corners of the open caisson; the open caisson pushing operation platform 7 is made of angle steel, is square and 2m long, is paved with a wood plate at the bottom, is provided with railings at the periphery, is provided with a pushing device at the height of 1.2 m, breaks through a bored cast-in-place pile head, adjusts pile top steel bars, installs a steel strand connecting piece on the pile top, is provided with a penetrating jack on a pushing angle beam, and is connected with the penetrating jack through an upper anchor and a lower anchor;
7) Removing the templates and the supports, namely removing the templates in the step 5), cleaning the surface of the open caisson structure, and removing the steel pipe supports on the inner side and the outer side of the open caisson;
8) Installing a pushing device 1 and a force transfer connecting piece 5 to break the pile head of the uplift pile 6 manufactured in the step 2, adjusting pile top steel bars, fixedly installing the lower ends of the uplift steel bars 504 of the force transfer connecting piece 5 on the pile top steel bars, fixing the upper ends of the uplift steel bars 504 on an anchor plate 502 through an upper anchor 501, connecting the lower ends of steel strands 3 with the force transfer connecting piece 5, and fixing the steel strands on the anchor plate 502 through a lower anchor 503; the center-penetrating jack 102 is arranged on the pushing angle beam 2, and the upper end of the steel stranded wire 3 passes through the pushing angle beam 2 and the center-penetrating jack 102 and is fixed through the pushing anchor 101;
9) And (3) removing the blade foot concrete cushion, manually breaking the blade foot concrete cushion inside and outside the open caisson, cleaning, and symmetrically breaking when the blade foot concrete cushion is broken in the open caisson and out of the open caisson after the blade foot concrete cushion is turned.
10 Starting the pushing device 1 to push down, synchronously starting the penetrating jacks 102 at four corners, arranging a level observation point on each pushing angle beam, observing the horizontal elevation of the open caisson by using a level gauge in the pushing process, and timely adjusting the penetrating jack 102 jacking force at the corresponding position according to the elevation change of the open caisson, wherein the jack jacking speed is 0.8-1.2cm/min, preferably 1cm/min;
11 Top iron (0.25 m) is added for continuous jacking, oil is recovered for top withdrawal after one stroke (0.25 m) is finished, top iron (0.2 m thick) is added at the upper end of the jack for subsequent jacking, and the process is circulated for five times.
12 After the top iron is added to the height of 1.0 meter, the top iron is replaced by the top iron of the back-tightening anchor, namely, after the last cycle is finished, the top iron is withdrawn, the top pushing anchor 101 is loosened, the top iron 103 is adjusted, and the top pushing anchor 101 is moved down to the head of the jack; step 11 is repeated until the sinking height of the first section of the open caisson is completed;
13 After the sinking of the first section of the open caisson is finished, the soil in the open caisson is punched, sucked and transported outwards by adopting a punching device, and the water level in the open caisson is kept to be 0.5 meter above the groundwater during punching, and the thickness of the punched soil is smaller than the sinking depth of the first section by 0.5 meter. In the soil body flushing and sucking process, continuously repeating the steps 10-12 until the open caisson is sunk to the designed elevation;
14 The bottom sealing of the open caisson is carried out, the pushing device is removed, the soil in the open caisson is continuously flushed and sucked, and after the open caisson reaches the designed elevation, the bottom sealing of the underwater concrete is carried out. And finishing sinking construction of the sinking well.
Sinking construction of certain open caisson
One side of a sunk well is a river channel, the distance is 6m, one side of the sunk well is a building, the distance is 9m, the plane size is 10m multiplied by 10m, the structural height is 16m, the sinking depth is 15m, and the average thickness of a well wall is 0.6m. The underground soil is silt.
The total project period is 90 calendar days, the project is started from 7 months 11 days 2018, the total project amount is completed from 10 months 5 days, and the actual project period is 85 days. Wherein the open caisson is manufactured for 68 days, and the open caisson is actually arranged for 17 days, and the total manufacturing cost is 95 ten thousand. The construction has no adverse effect on the river channel, and the open caisson does not appear in the building. The construction quality meets the requirements of national relevant acceptance regulations, and the construction unit and the supervision unit are well-scored.
The original design of the open caisson adopts the enclosure construction of an enclosure structure, so that the construction of a river cofferdam is required to be ensured, the cost of the enclosure structure is 92 ten thousand, the cost of the cofferdam is 70 ten thousand, the cost of the river restoration is 45 ten thousand, and the total cost of the river restoration is 207 ten thousand. The sinking cost is far greater than 80 ten thousand for manufacturing the open caisson per se, and the construction period is at least 150 days.
According to the invention, the bored pile is arranged in the open caisson, and in the sinking process of the open caisson, the counter force provided by the bored pile is utilized, and the jack and other facilities are used for providing a jacking force for the sinking of the open caisson, so that the open caisson stably sinks under the combined action of the pushing force and the dead weight. The open caisson is sunk firstly, then soil is taken, soil is taken after sinking for one section each time, and the process is circulated until sinking to the designed elevation. The inner water and soil pressure of the open caisson is always kept to be greater than the outer water and soil pressure of the open caisson in construction, so that potential safety hazards of surrounding soil settlement caused by sinking construction of the open caisson are eliminated, and surrounding buildings of the open caisson are protected. The construction process is simple to operate, easy to master by workers, high in construction speed and good in economic and social benefits. The components of the device are basically existing finished products with mature technology, and are convenient to apply and popularize. Is particularly suitable for open caisson construction with complex surrounding environment in soft sandy soil areas.
Claims (7)
1. The construction method of the open caisson device for pushing is characterized in that the open caisson device for pushing comprises a square open caisson body (4), pushing angle beams (2) are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper part of the square open caisson body (4), four anti-pulling piles (6) are fixedly arranged at four corners of the inside of the square open caisson body (4), the positions of the anti-pulling piles (6) are in one-to-one correspondence with the pushing angle beams (2), pushing devices (1) are arranged on the pushing angle beams (2), force transmission connecting pieces (5) are arranged at the tops of the anti-pulling piles (6), the anti-pulling piles (6) are connected with the pushing angle beams (2) through steel stranded wires (3), pushing force of the pushing devices (1) is transmitted to the anti-pulling piles (6) through the pushing angle beams (2) and the force transmission connecting pieces (5) in sequence, counter force is provided for the anti-pulling piles (6) to realize sinking in the well, the anti-pulling piles (1) comprise anchor devices (101), a jack (102) and jack irons (103), the jack irons (103) are arranged in a plurality, the jack irons (103) are arranged between the jack irons (102) and the jack irons (2) and the jack irons (103) and penetrate through the jack irons (2) from the upper ends to the jack irons (102) in sequence, the end head is fixed at the upper part of the perforating jack (102) through the pushing anchor (101); the force transmission connecting piece (5) comprises an upper anchor (501), an anchor plate (502), a lower anchor (503) and a pulling-resistant steel bar (504), and the lower end part of the steel strand (3) passes through the anchor plate (502) and then is fixed by the lower anchor (503); the upper end part of the anti-pulling steel bar (504) passes through the anchor plate (502) and then is fixed by the upper anchor (501), and the lower end part is fixedly connected with the anti-pulling pile (6); the construction method comprises the following steps:
1) The construction preparation is familiar with design drawings, the engineering implementation environment is known, the current condition of the open caisson is investigated, the site is cleaned, the ground is hardened, the materials, mechanical equipment and the like entering the open caisson are comprehensively checked, and the open caisson is put into use after being checked to be qualified;
2) The construction method of the anti-pulling pile (6) comprises the following construction steps of: positioning a drilling machine, punching, clearing holes, manufacturing a reinforcement cage, placing the reinforcement cage, and pouring underwater concrete;
3) Digging a foundation trench manufactured by the open caisson, digging the foundation trench to a depth of 2 meters, and removing miscellaneous fill;
4) Constructing a blade foot cushion layer, determining the thickness of a sand cushion layer according to calculation specifications, paving the sand cushion layer, compacting, and paving a concrete cushion layer;
5) Constructing an open caisson structure in sections, erecting a steel pipe bracket, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a template and pouring concrete; after pouring, covering and moisturizing the concrete to obtain a square open caisson body (4);
6) Setting up an operation platform, mounting an open caisson pushing operation platform (7) at the top of a pushing angle beam, wherein the four open caisson pushing operation platforms are respectively positioned at four corners of the open caisson;
7) Removing the templates and the supports, namely removing the templates in the step 5), cleaning the surface of the open caisson structure, and removing the steel pipe supports on the inner side and the outer side of the open caisson;
8) Installing a pushing device (1) and a force transmission connecting piece (5) to break the pile head of the uplift pile (6) prepared in the step 2), adjusting pile top steel bars, fixedly installing the lower ends of the uplift steel bars (504) of the force transmission connecting piece (5) on the pile top steel bars, fixing the upper ends of the uplift steel bars (504) on an anchor plate (502) through an upper anchor (501), and simultaneously connecting the lower ends of steel strands (3) with the force transmission connecting piece (5) and fixing the lower ends of the steel strands on the anchor plate (502) through a lower anchor (503); the penetrating jack (102) is arranged on the pushing angle beam (2), and the upper end of the steel stranded wire (3) penetrates through the pushing angle beam (2) and the penetrating jack (102) and is fixed through the pushing anchor (101);
9) Removing the edge foot concrete cushion layer in the step 4), manually breaking the edge foot concrete cushion layer inside and outside the open caisson, cleaning, and symmetrically breaking at first in the well and then outside the well, and first turning angles and then in the middle;
10 Starting a pushing device (1) to push and sink, synchronously starting a penetrating jack (102) at four corners, arranging a level observation point on each pushing angle beam, observing the horizontal elevation of the open caisson by using a level gauge in the pushing process, and timely adjusting the jacking force of the penetrating jack (102) at the corresponding position according to the elevation change of the open caisson, wherein the jacking speed of the jack is 0.8-1.2cm/min;
11 Top iron (103) is added for top continuing, after one stroke is finished, oil is received and the top is withdrawn, a top iron is added under a penetrating jack (102) for top continuing, and the cycle is performed for five times;
12 After the top iron is added to the height of 1.0 meter, the top iron is replaced by the top iron of the top iron, namely, after the last cycle is finished, the top iron is withdrawn, the top iron (103) is adjusted by loosening the pushing anchor (101), and the pushing anchor (101) is moved down to the head of the jack; re-step 11) until the sinking height of the first section of the open caisson is completed;
13 After the sinking of the first section of the soil body in the open caisson is finished, adopting a high-pressure water gun to cut and break the soil body in the open caisson into slurry in a layered manner, and then using a slurry pump to wash and suck the soil body in the open caisson for outward transportation, wherein the water level in the open caisson is kept above groundwater for 0.5 meter during the flushing and sucking process, and the thickness of the washed and sucked soil body is 0.5 meter smaller than the sinking depth of the first section; continuously repeating the steps 10) -12 in the soil body flushing and sucking process until the open caisson is sunk to the designed elevation;
14 The pushing device (1) is dismantled to the open caisson back cover, continues to dash and inhale the soil body in the open caisson, carries out the underwater concrete back cover after reaching the design elevation, and finishes the sinking construction of the open caisson.
2. The construction method of an open caisson device for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the top iron (103) is 0.2m, and the number of the top irons (103) is 1-5.
3. The construction method of an open caisson device for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein the anchor plate (502) is a circular porous steel plate structure.
4. The construction method of an open caisson device for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the sand cushion in the step 4) is 0.4-0.6 m, and the width is 2.8-3.2 m; the concrete cushion layer has a thickness of 0.08-0.12 m and a width of 2.8-3.2 m.
5. The construction method of an open caisson device for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the square open caisson body (4) is manufactured in sections, and the manufacturing height of each section is 5-6 m; the open caisson pushing operation platform (7) in the step 6) is of a square structure with the side length of 2 meters, angle steel is adopted for manufacturing, a wood board is paved at the bottom of the open caisson pushing operation platform (7), and railings are arranged around and are 1.2 meters in height.
6. The construction method of an open caisson apparatus for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein in step 11) one stroke is 0.25 meter.
7. The construction method of an open caisson device for incremental launching according to claim 1, wherein the sinking height of the first section of the open caisson in step 12) is 2.8-3.2 m.
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| CN114164849B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2024-05-14 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Open caisson damage repairing device and construction method |
| CN115162391A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-11 | 同济大学 | Cross beam soil anchor type traction assembly type open caisson device and method |
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