CN109968994A - 电机控制装置 - Google Patents

电机控制装置 Download PDF

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CN109968994A
CN109968994A CN201811601228.0A CN201811601228A CN109968994A CN 109968994 A CN109968994 A CN 109968994A CN 201811601228 A CN201811601228 A CN 201811601228A CN 109968994 A CN109968994 A CN 109968994A
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booster circuit
capacitor
motor
voltage
circuit
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CN109968994B (zh
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初田匡之
奥畑佳久
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Nidec Tosok Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/10—Arrangements for controlling torque ripple, e.g. providing reduced torque ripple
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/18—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/0086—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed
    • H02P23/009—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed using field weakening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/09—Boost converter, i.e. DC-DC step up converter increasing the voltage between the supply and the inverter driving the motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

本发明提供一种能够减少使升压电路及反相器电路的电压平滑化的电容器的数量，能够有助于电机的小型化的电机控制装置。本发明的电机控制装置包括：升压电路，将从外部提供的电源电压升压；电容器，使升压电路的输出电压平滑化；反相器电路，将经所述电容器平滑化的升压电路的输出电压切换，生成电机的驱动电压；以及控制部，使所述升压电路旁通而将所述电源电压提供给所述反相器电路，将所述升压电路与所述反相器电路之间的距离设为寄生电感成为规定值以下的距离。

Description

电机控制装置
技术领域
本公开涉及一种进行电机的驱动控制的电机控制装置。
背景技术
使用反相器(inverter)电路来对成为车辆等的动力的电机的驱动电力进行控制的技术已为人所知。
例如日本公开公报专利特开2010-130807号公报中公开了下述技术，即：具备将电源电压升压的升压转换器，根据用户的加速要求度而设定进行升压动作的运转区域。
但是，日本公开公报专利特开2010-130807号公报中，在升压电路的前后需要使电压平滑化的电容器。另外，根据升压电路与反相器的配置，有时还需要使反相器的输入电压平滑化的电容器，但日本公开公报专利特开2010-130807号公报中并未考虑。因此，从包含控制装置的电机的小型化的观点来看有改善的余地。
发明内容
鉴于所述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够减少使升压电路及反相器电路的电压平滑化的电容器的数量，能够有助于电机的小型化的电机控制装置。
为了解决所述问题，根据本公开的例示性实施方式，提供一种电机控制装置，其包括：升压电路，将从外部提供的电源电压升压；电容器，使升压电路的输出电压平滑化；反相器电路，将经所述电容器平滑化的升压电路的输出电压切换，生成电机的驱动电压；以及控制部，使所述升压电路旁通(bypass)而将所述电源电压提供给所述反相器电路。其中，将所述升压电路与所述反相器电路之间的距离设为寄生电感成为规定值以下的距离。
所述实施方式中，所述控制部包括：切换元件，使所述电源电压在所述电容器与升压电路之间旁通。
所述实施方式中，关于所述电容器的电容，从所述升压电路提供给所述反相器电路的电压的纹波(ripple)率成为规定值以下。
所述实施方式中，包括外壳，此外壳收容具有励磁线圈的定子、及以旋转中心轴为中心转动自如地设置的转子，所述外壳具有收容所述升压电路、所述电容器及所述反相器电路的收容部。
所述实施方式中，所述控制部在从外部提供的扭矩指示值为规定的阈值以下时，使所述电源电压旁通而提供给所述反相器电路。
根据具有以上结构的本发明，通过将升压电路与反相器电路之间的距离设为寄生电感成为规定值以下的距离，能够将使升压电路与反相器电路的电压平滑化的电容器共用。由此，能够减少电容器的数量，能够有助于电机的小型化。
有以下的本发明优选实施方式的详细说明，参照附图，可以更清楚地理解本发明的所述及其他特征、要素、步骤、特点和优点。
附图说明
图1是表示本公开的实施方式的电机控制装置的结构例的框图。
图2是表示升压电路及反相器的结构例的电路图。
图3是表示电机的消耗电力、电机的转速N与扭矩T的关系的图。
图4是表示电机的结构例的垂直截面图。
图5是表示电机的结构例的水平截面图。
图6是表示升压电路与绝缘栅双极晶体管(Insulated Gate BipolarTransistor，IGBT)之间的传送线路的等价电路的示例的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对用于实施本公开的实施方式进行详细说明。
图1是表示实施方式的电机控制装置的结构例的框图。
此电机控制装置包括：电机控制器2，控制电机的动作；车辆控制装置(VehicleControl Unit，VCU)3，根据车辆等的速度、加速度、油门开度等车辆的状态而将扭矩指示值(扭矩指令)提供给电机控制器2；反相器21，对设于电机的定子30的励磁线圈31u、励磁线圈31v、励磁线圈31w提供驱动电压；电容器22，使提供给反相器21的电源电压平滑化；升压电路23，根据来自反相器21的指示(要求电压)而将从电池4提供的电源电压升压；以及温度传感器6，检测电机周围的温度等。
升压电路23与反相器21之间的距离是以将升压电路23的输出电压提供给反相器21的提供路径的寄生电感小于规定值以下的方式设定。由此，能够将使升压电路23与反相器21的电压平滑化的电容器22共用。因此，能够减少电容器的数量，能够有助于电机的小型化。另外，电容器22是将使升压电路23的输出电压平滑化的电容器、与使反相器21的输入电压平滑化的电容器共用。此电容器22的电容的值是以从升压电路23提供给反相器21的电压的纹波率成为规定值以下的方式设定。电容器22的尺寸根据电容而变大，因此通过这样设定电容的值，不会将电容器的电容增大至必要程度以上，从而能够有助于电机的小型化。
反相器21包括：绝缘栅双极晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)模块(以下简称为IGBT)21a，将从升压电路23经由电容器22提供的电压切换，生成提供给励磁线圈31u、励磁线圈31v、励磁线圈31w的三相(U相、V相、W相)的驱动电压；控制部21b，进行反相器21总体的控制；以及温度传感器21c，检测IGBT 21a等的温度。
另外，IGBT 21a生成三相的驱动电压，因而例如像图2所示那样，包括3组6个切换元件(IGBT元件)Tru1、切换元件Tru2、切换元件Trv1、切换元件Trv2、切换元件Trw1、切换元件Trw2。再者，也可代替IGBT元件而使用金属氧化物半导体场效晶体管(Metal OxideSemiconductor Field Effect Transistor，MOSFET)等切换元件。各切换元件Tru1、切换元件Tru2、切换元件Trv1、切换元件Trv2、切换元件Trw1、切换元件Trw2上连接有再生二极管Du1、再生二极管Du2、再生二极管Dv1、再生二极管Dv2、再生二极管Dw1、再生二极管Dw2，此再生二极管Du1、再生二极管Du2、再生二极管Dv1、再生二极管Dv2、再生二极管Dw1、再生二极管Dw2将在减速时等从励磁线圈31u、励磁线圈31v、励磁线圈31w提供的再生电流经由电容器22提供给升压电路23。另外，控制部21b向升压电路23提供要求电压。
升压电路23为斩波型升压电路，包括：控制部ctrl，进行升压电路23总体的控制；电抗器(reactor)23a，经由电源连接器25而从电池4提供电源电压；切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2，进行来自电抗器23a的电压的切换；以及切换元件Tr11、切换元件Tr12，用于将电源电压旁通并输出。各切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2、切换元件Tr11、切换元件Tr12上连接有再生二极管D1、再生二极管D2、再生二极管D11、再生二极管D12。另外，各切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2、切换元件Tr11、切换元件Tr12、控制部ctrl等安装于电路基板23b。切换元件Tr12的源极的连接目标(即，电源电压的旁通目标)只要为升压电路23与电容器22之间即可，优选如图2所示，在升压电路23的内部设为切换元件Tr1的源极(即，经升压的电压的输出侧)。其原因在于若在电路基板23b内进行布线，则寄生电感的影响少。
VCU 3根据当前的油门开度、车辆速度、加速或减速时的加速度等车辆的状态而生成表示必要扭矩值的扭矩指令，并提供给电机控制器2。电机控制器2根据所提供的扭矩指令而对控制部21b的动作进行控制。
控制部21b例如将设于电机的位置传感器32的检测电压与规定的基准电压进行比较，并根据比较结果而检测电机的转子的角度。另外，控制部21b基于位置传感器32的检测电压而检测电机的转速。再者，电机的转速也可使用与位置传感器32不同的传感器来检测。
电机控制器2按照来自VCU 3的扭矩指令，算出驱动电机所需要的必要电力。电机的转速N与扭矩T的关系例如像图3所示那样，根据电机的消耗电力而变化。关于电机的转速N与扭矩T的关系，例如当消耗电力为60kW时如此图中的实线那样，而当消耗电力为80kW、100kW、120kW时则分别如虚线所示那样。因此，电机控制器2基于这种关系，根据扭矩指令及电机的转速而算出可获得必要扭矩的消耗电力作为必要电力，对控制部21b的动作进行控制。控制部21b根据来自电机控制器2的控制，算出驱动电机所需要的电压值及电流值。再者，当必要电力为规定的阈值以下时，控制部21b将电压值设为电池4的电源电压(VBATT)。另外，控制部21b将所算出的电压值作为要求电压而提供给升压电路23的控制部ctrl。
升压电路23的控制部ctrl根据来自控制部21b的要求电压而自电池4的电源电压(VBATT)以规定的升压比升压，并将所得的电压V提供给反相器21。具体而言，控制部ctrl根据要求电压而控制切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2的导通断开，将电池4的电源电压(VBATT)升压。再者，当要求电压为电池4的电源电压(VBATT)时，控制部ctrl将切换元件Tr11、切换元件Tr12设为导通状态，将切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2设为断开状态。由此，将电池4的电源电压(VBATT)直接经由电容器22而提供给反相器21。必要电力是根据所述扭矩指示值而算出，因而换言之，控制部21b在扭矩指示值为规定的阈值以下时，使电池4的电源电压(VBATT)旁通而提供给反相器21。由此，当扭矩指示值为规定的阈值以下时，不进行电源电压的升压，因而能够减少电抗器23a、切换元件Tr1、切换元件Tr2等的发热。
控制部21b根据所述那样算出的电流值而控制IGBT 21a对各切换元件的切换，生成三相(U相、V相、W相)的驱动电压。此驱动电压例如在正弦波驱动的情况下，是以电机的励磁线圈31(励磁线圈31u～励磁线圈31w)中流动的驱动电流的实效值(以下简称为电流值)成为规定的电流值的方式进行脉宽调制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)控制而生成。控制部21b根据所述电流值而控制驱动电压的脉冲的占空(duty)比。具体而言，控制部21b根据电流值I而变更PWM的调制度。
由IGBT 21a所生成的各相的驱动电压被提供给定子30的各励磁线圈31u～励磁线圈31w，在各励磁线圈31u～励磁线圈31w中流动与驱动电压相应的驱动电流，通过励磁线圈31u～励磁线圈31w的磁场与转子的磁铁的相互作用，而转子产生扭矩。此扭矩经由电机轴的输出端而输出至外部。
图4及图5表示使用所述电机控制装置构成的直流(Direct Current，DC)无刷电机(brushless motor)的结构例。
此电机包括：控制电路20，收容于外壳10；定子30，具有利用与三相的驱动电压相应的驱动电流而产生磁场的励磁线圈31等；以及转子40，以旋转轴为中心转动自如地设置。再者，以下将这样将控制电路20与定子30及转子40一起收容于外壳10的电机称为机电一体型电机。
外壳10的内部形成有使冷媒循环的冷媒流路11。通过在冷媒流路11中流动的冷媒的循环而将外壳10冷却，并将与外壳10接触的定子30及控制电路20冷却。另外，在外壳10的上部设有收容控制电路20的收容部12。
另外，外壳10上设有收容有定子30及转子40的电机壳的盖13、以及覆盖收容部12的收容部盖14。在电机壳内安装有支撑转子40的电机轴41的轴承15、轴承16。
控制电路20中包含所述反相器21、电容器22及升压电路23。反相器21与升压电路23安装于电机的径向上与冷媒流路11重叠的位置。换言之，冷媒流路11至少设于在远离转子40的旋转中心轴(电机轴41)的方向、即电机的径向(图4、图5的Z方向)上与反相器21及升压电路23重叠的位置。由此，无需在电机轴41的中心轴的顶端设置冷媒流路11，能够有助于转子40的旋转中心轴(电机轴41的中心轴)方向的小型化。
如所述那样，升压电路23与反相器21之间的距离是以将升压电路的输出电压提供给反相器的提供路径的寄生电感成为规定值以下的方式设定。图6表示升压电路23的电路基板23b与IGBT 21a之间的提供路径的等价电路的示例。
L1、L2、L3、L4表示电路基板23b与IGBT 21a之间的传送线路(布线)的寄生电感。
寄生电感的两端的纹波电压VL是由以下的式(1)求出。
[数1]
此处，L为寄生电感，di/dt为电流在IGBT 21a中流动的电流的变化率。寄生电感的值例如每1cm为10nH。另外，电流的变化率例如为100A/μs。因此，电路基板23b与IGBT 21a之间的布线的距离每1cm产生1V的纹波电压。
因此，根据电容器22的电容与反相器21的动作的关系来决定可允许的纹波电压，并根据所决定的纹波电压而求出可允许的寄生电感的值，决定电路基板23b与IGBT 21a之间的距离。由此，将升压电路23与反相器21之间的距离设为寄生电感成为规定值以下的距离。通过设为这种距离，能够将使升压电路23的输出电压平滑化的电容器、与使反相器21的输入电压平滑化的电容器设为共用的电容器22。
再者，所述实施方式中，例如利用正弦波驱动来生成电机的驱动电压，但也可代替正弦波驱动而利用矩形波驱动来生成驱动电压。
另外，所述实施方式中对进行DC无刷电机的驱动控制的情况进行了说明，但例如对于使用反相器进行三相同步电机等的驱动控制的情况，也能够应用本发明。

Claims (5)

1.一种电机控制装置，包括：
升压电路，将从外部提供的电源电压升压；
电容器，使升压电路的输出电压平滑化；
反相器电路，将经所述电容器平滑化的升压电路的输出电压切换，生成电机的驱动电压；以及
控制部，使所述升压电路旁通而将所述电源电压提供给所述反相器电路，
所述电机控制装置的特征在于，将所述升压电路与所述反相器电路之间的距离设为寄生电感成为规定值以下的距离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电机控制装置，其特征在于，所述控制部包括：
切换元件，使所述电源电压在所述电容器与升压电路之间旁通。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电机控制装置，其特征在于，关于所述电容器的电容，从所述升压电路提供给所述反相器电路的电压的纹波率成为规定值以下。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电机控制装置，其特征在于包括：外壳，收容具有励磁线圈的定子、及以旋转中心轴为中心转动自如地设置的转子，
所述外壳具有收容所述升压电路、所述电容器及所述反相器电路的收容部。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电机控制装置，其特征在于，所述控制部在从外部提供的扭矩指示值为规定的阈值以下时，使所述电源电压旁通而提供给所述反相器电路。
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