CN109968766A - 一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺 - Google Patents

一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺 Download PDF

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CN109968766A
CN109968766A CN201910270805.0A CN201910270805A CN109968766A CN 109968766 A CN109968766 A CN 109968766A CN 201910270805 A CN201910270805 A CN 201910270805A CN 109968766 A CN109968766 A CN 109968766A
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polyurethane
cotton
polyester fiber
film
polyvinylidene fluoride
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陈慰来
钟斌悦
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
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Abstract

本发明提供一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺，柔软亲肤，吸湿透气，同时高效阻水，能有效防止水进入床体，实用性强。聚氨酯‑聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与涤纶纤维层通过湿固化胶固定在一起；聚氨酯‑聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层通过热压胶合固定在一起；棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织；涤纶纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织，前梳满穿涤纶低弹丝，后梳满穿半消光涤纶丝。制作工艺包括以下步骤:对涤纶纤维纱进行处理后纺织成涤纶纤维层；制作聚氨酯‑聚偏氟乙烯共混膜，并将其和涤纶纤维层固定在一起；棉和粘胶进行处理后纺织成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层；将聚氨酯‑聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层进行热压胶合。

Description

一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺。
背景技术
目前，市场上常见的床品面料大都是采用机织方法生产，原料以纯棉、涤棉、亚麻、化纤、真丝等为主，组织结构多采用平纹、斜纹、缎纹等。
随着人们对床品面料柔软舒适性、亲肤性等要求的提高，针织面料因其特有的柔软舒适性逐步开始在市场上崭露头角。目前，国外在针织床品面料的开发技术方面领先于国内，其应用相对国内也比较广泛。从整个消费人群来看，婴幼儿针织床品应用较成人床品应用广泛。随着机械制造技术和产品开发技术的不断提高，以及消费需求和品质的提升，针织床品面料的开发和应用将会越来越广泛，而目前针织床单防水透气性能仍需要进行提升。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的上述不足，而提供一种结构设计合理的防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺，不仅柔软亲肤，而且吸湿透气，同时高效阻水，能有效防止水进入床体，实用性强。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是：一种防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：包括棉/粘胶混纺纤维层、聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜设置于棉/粘胶混纺纤维层和涤纶纤维层之间；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与涤纶纤维层通过湿固化胶固定在一起；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层通过热压胶合固定在一起；涤纶纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织，前梳满穿涤纶低弹丝，后梳满穿半消光涤纶丝。
本发明所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层采用42S/3的棉纱，350D/3的粘胶纤维。
本发明所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的组织的垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/3-4//；GB2:1-0/0-1//。
本发明所述的涤纶纤维层采用76dtex/24f半消光涤纶和76dtex/24f涤纶低弹丝。
本发明所述的涤纶纤维层的组织的垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/6-7//；GB2:1-0/1-2//。
本发明所述的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜的膜面呈半透明状。
本发明所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织。
一种权利要求防水透气针织床单的制作工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤:
步骤一、对涤纶纤维纱进行处理，并且纺织成涤纶纤维层；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2)编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织；
(3)后整理：水洗→染色→整理→烘干→拉幅定型，制成涤纶纤维层；
步骤二、制作聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜，并将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层固定在一起；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 纺丝溶液制备：以二甲基甲酰胺和丙酮的混合溶剂分别制备聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液，然后将聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液共混，共混后，加热搅拌至充分溶解，制得聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液；
(2)湿固化胶配置：以乙酸乙醋为溶剂配制聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液；
(3)静电纺丝：采用静电纺丝将聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液均匀喷涂到涤纶纤维层上；
(4)成膜：用静电纺将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液随即喷到未干的湿固化胶上；待干后，聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液即成聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜，并且聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层固定在一起；
步骤三、棉和粘胶进行处理，并且纺织成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2) 编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织，设定编织程序，前梳交替满穿棉纱和粘胶，后梳满穿棉纱；
(3)后整理；水洗→预定型→染色→转移印花，制成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层。
步骤四、将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层进行热压胶合；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)将棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的外表面进行杂质处理；
(2)将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜放置在放膜架上，并通过引膜轮将其引入热熔胶槽中进行上胶；
(3)对上过胶的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜进行预热；
(4)将预热后的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层引入热压辊中进行热压合；
(5)将经过热压合的面料引入冷却辊中进行冷却，冷却后利用收卷机收卷起来即可。
本发明纺丝溶液制备过程中，纺丝溶液中热塑性聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯的质量均分数为12%，混合溶剂中二甲基甲酰胺与丙酮体积配比为4:6；然后将聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液共混，共混后，聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯质量比为7：3，80 ℃下加热搅拌至充分溶解；静电纺丝过程中，静电纺丝可调电压为0一50 kV，注射器针头内径为0.5 mm，接收距离为10 cm，纺丝电压为14 kV，纺丝液流量1ml/h；成膜过程中，纺丝时间为40-50min。
本发明步骤一的编织过程中，前梳每腊克送经量3300mm，后梳每腊克送经量1200mm。
本发明步骤三的编织过程中，前梳每腊克送经量1900mm，后梳每腊克送经量980mm。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点和效果：本发明提供了一种防水透气针织床单及其制作工艺，由不同纤维原料所组成，面料表面通过聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜贴合以及防水透气整理，使其不仅可以吸湿透气，还可以防止水进入床体，同时表面为棉/粘胶混纺经编组织设计，使该床单既比市面上常见的机织床单更柔软亲肤，舒适度高，又比普通纬平针床单更加耐磨，抗起毛起球性能更好。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1防水透气针织床单的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1棉/粘胶混纺纤维层组织垫纱图。
图3为本发明实施例1棉/粘胶混纺纤维层组织穿纱图。
图4为本发明实施例1棉/粘胶混纺纤维层组织仿真图。
图5为本发明实施例1涤纶纤维层组织垫纱图。
图6为本发明实施例1涤纶纤维层组织穿纱图。
图7为本发明实施例1涤纶纤维层组织仿真图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，以下实施例是对本发明的解释而本发明并不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1：
参见附图，本发明实施例一种防水透气针织床单，尺寸为100*200cm或120*200cm或150*200cm或180*200cm或200*220cm，包括棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1、聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2和涤纶纤维层3。
聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2设置于棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1和涤纶纤维层3之间；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2与涤纶纤维层3通过湿固化胶固定在一起；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1通过热压胶合固定在一起。
棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1采用棉和粘胶混纺的方式，将两者混纺，使织物不仅具有良好的吸湿性能，而且便于织造和染色，产品寿命长，且棉纤维细长柔软，吸湿性好，耐强碱，耐有机溶剂，耐漂白以及隔热耐热，可以方便地进行各种染色和纺织加工，具体的，棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1采用42S/3的棉纱，350D/3的粘胶纤维。本实施例中，粘胶纤维为高湿模量和强力粘胶纤维，高湿模量和强力粘胶纤维不仅具有良好的吸湿性，易于染色，而且湿强度高，初始模量大，弹性恢复性佳，织物不易变形起皱。棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织，棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1采用经编方式进行织造，经编织物与普通机织物相比，手感更柔软，更舒适亲肤，透气性更佳，且具有一定的弹性；经编织物与普通纬编织物相比，线圈结构更稳定，织物不易变形，耐磨性与抗起毛起球性均优于普通纬编织物。棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1的组织的垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/3-4//；GB2:1-0/0-1//。
聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2的膜面呈半透明状。聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2将PU弹性材料和PVDF 疏水材料共混，起到互补的作用。聚氨酯是常用的膜材料之一，具有良好的生理适应性、透气性、防水透湿性，有着广泛的应用前景，但其具有一定的亲水性；聚偏氟乙烯是一种半结晶型聚合物膜材料，具有良好的疏水性、韧性和化学性质；将两者共混，可制备出综合性能良好的共混膜。
涤纶纤维层3的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织，前梳满穿涤纶低弹丝，后梳满穿半消光涤纶丝，涤纶低弹丝是涤纶化纤的一种变形丝类型，它是以聚酯切片为原料，采用高速纺制涤纶预取向丝，再经牵伸假捻加工而成，它除具有一般涤纶断裂强度和弹性模量高、热定型性优异、回弹性能好、耐热性、耐光性 、耐腐蚀性强、易洗快干等特点外，还具有膨松性高、隔热性好、手感舒适、光泽柔和等特点；半消光涤纶是由TiO2含量为0.3%-0.5%的聚酯切片纺制的涤纶，是涤纶常规品种之一，因其切片中含有TiO2，可使光线向不同方向漫射，使纺制的纤维光泽变暗，起到半消光作用；涤纶的耐高温性，可使面料更容易与聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯防水透气共混膜结合，面料抗拉伸性能强，不易撕裂，并且在高温复合的同时保证表面纤维不受损伤。涤纶纤维层3的组织垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/6-7//；GB2:1-0/1-2//。涤纶纤维层3采用76dtex/24f半消光涤纶和76dtex/24f涤纶低弹丝。
一种防水透气针织床单的制作工艺， 包括以下步骤:
步骤一、对涤纶纤维纱进行处理，并且纺织成涤纶纤维层3；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2)编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织，设定编织程序，前梳每腊克送经量3300mm，后梳每腊克送经量1200mm；
(3)后整理：水洗→染色→整理→烘干→拉幅定型，制成涤纶纤维层3。
步骤二、制作聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2，并将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2和涤纶纤维层3固定在一起；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 纺丝溶液制备：以二甲基甲酰胺和丙酮的混合溶剂分别制备聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液，纺丝溶液中热塑性聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯的质量分数均为12%，混合溶剂中二甲基甲酰胺与丙酮体积配比为4:6；然后将聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液共混，共混后，聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯质量比为7：3，80 ℃下加热搅拌至充分溶解，制得聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液；
(2)湿固化胶配置：以乙酸乙醋为溶剂配制40wt %的聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液；
(3)静电纺丝：采用静电纺丝将聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液均匀喷涂到与之具有很好粘结牢度的涤纶纤维层3上；静电纺丝可调电压为0一50 kV，注射器针头内径为0.5 mm，接收距离为10 cm，纺丝电压为14 kV，纺丝液流量1ml/h。
(4)成膜：用静电纺丝将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液随即喷到未干的湿固化胶上，纺丝时间为40-50min；待干后，聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液即成聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2，并且聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2和涤纶纤维层3固定在一起；
以上步骤中，通过将聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液和聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液依次喷涂于涤纶纤维层3上，最大程度上保留了织物的透气性。
步骤三、棉和粘胶进行处理，并且纺织成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2) 编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织，设定编织程序，前梳交替满穿棉纱和粘胶，后梳满穿棉纱，前梳每腊克送经量1900mm，后梳每腊克送经量980mm；
(3)后整理；水洗→预定型→染色→转移印花，制成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1。
步骤四、将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1进行热压胶合；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)将棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1的外表面进行杂质处理；
(2)将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2放置在放膜架上，并通过引膜轮将其引入热熔胶槽中进行上胶；
(3)对上过胶的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2进行预热；
(4)将预热后的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜2与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1引入热压辊中进行热压合；
(5)将经过热压合的面料引入冷却辊中进行冷却，冷却后利用收卷机收卷起来即可。
实施例2：
本实施例内容与实施例1内容基本相同，相同部分内容不再重复，与实施例1不同的是:编织涤纶纤维层3时，前后梳均满穿150D涤纶丝；编织棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1时，各组分所占质量比为：棉纤维：粘胶纤维=5:1。
实施例3：
本实施例内容与实施例1内容基本相同，相同部分内容不在重复，与实施例1不同的是:编织涤纶纤维层3时，前后梳均满穿，垫纱数码为GB1:1-0/1-2/3-4/3-2//,GB2:3-4/3-2/1-0/1-2； 编织棉/粘胶混纺纤维层1时，前后梳均满穿，垫纱数码为GB1:1-0/1-2/3-4/3-2//,GB2:3-4/3-2/1-0/1-2。
此外，需要说明的是，本说明书中所描述的具体实施例，其零、部件的形状、所取名称等可以不同，本说明书中所描述的以上内容仅仅是对本发明结构所作的举例说明。凡依据本发明专利构思所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或者简单变化，均包括于本发明专利的保护范围内。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离本发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：包括棉/粘胶混纺纤维层、聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜设置于棉/粘胶混纺纤维层和涤纶纤维层之间；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与涤纶纤维层通过湿固化胶固定在一起；聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层通过热压胶合固定在一起；涤纶纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织，前梳满穿涤纶低弹丝，后梳满穿半消光涤纶丝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层采用42S/3的棉纱，350D/3的粘胶纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的组织的垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/3-4//；GB2:1-0/0-1//。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的涤纶纤维层采用76dtex/24f半消光涤纶和76dtex/24f涤纶低弹丝。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的涤纶纤维层的组织的垫纱运动为GB1:1-0/6-7//；GB2:1-0/1-2//。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜的膜面呈半透明状。
7.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气针织床单，其特征在于：所述的棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的组织为双梳栉满穿经编组织。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一权利要求所述的防水透气针织床单的制作工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤:
步骤一、对涤纶纤维纱进行处理，并且纺织成涤纶纤维层；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2)编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织；
(3)后整理：水洗→染色→整理→烘干→拉幅定型，制成涤纶纤维层；
步骤二、制作聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜，并将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层固定在一起；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 纺丝溶液制备：以二甲基甲酰胺和丙酮的混合溶剂分别制备聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液，然后将聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液共混，共混后，加热搅拌至充分溶解，制得聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液；
(2)湿固化胶配置：以乙酸乙醋为溶剂配制聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液；
(3)静电纺丝：采用静电纺丝将聚氨酯湿固化胶溶液均匀喷涂到涤纶纤维层上；
(4)成膜：用静电纺丝将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液随即喷到未干的湿固化胶上；待干后，聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液即成聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜，并且聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜和涤纶纤维层固定在一起；
步骤三、棉和粘胶进行处理，并且纺织成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层；具体操作步骤如下:
(1) 整经：采用分段整经将经编机一把梳栉用的全部纱线分成几份，卷绕成狭幅的分段经轴，再将分段经轴组装成经编机用的整根经轴，供经编机使用；
(2) 编织：在两梳高速经编机上进行编织，设定编织程序，前梳交替满穿棉纱和粘胶，后梳满穿棉纱；
(3)后整理；水洗→预定型→染色→转移印花，制成棉/粘胶混纺纤维层；
步骤四、将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层进行热压胶合；具体操作步骤如下:
(1)将棉/粘胶混纺纤维层的外表面进行杂质处理；
(2)将聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜放置在放膜架上，并通过引膜轮将其引入热熔胶槽中进行上胶；
(3)对上过胶的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜进行预热；
(4)将预热后的聚氨酯-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜与棉/粘胶混纺纤维层引入热压辊中进行热压合；
(5)将经过热压合的面料引入冷却辊中进行冷却，冷却后利用收卷机收卷起来即可。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制作工艺，其特征在于：纺丝溶液制备过程中，纺丝溶液中热塑性聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯的质量分数均为12%，混合溶剂中二甲基甲酰胺与丙酮体积配比为4:6；然后将聚氨酯纺丝溶液和聚偏氟乙烯纺丝溶液共混，共混后，聚氨酯和聚偏氟乙烯质量比为7：3，80 ℃下加热搅拌至充分溶解；静电纺丝过程中，静电纺丝可调电压为0一50kV，注射器针头内径为0.5 mm，接收距离为10 cm，纺丝电压为14 kV，纺丝液流量1ml/h；成膜过程中，纺丝时间为40-50min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的制作工艺，其特征在于：步骤一的编织过程中，前梳每腊克送经量3300mm，后梳每腊克送经量1200mm；步骤三的编织过程中，前梳每腊克送经量1900mm，后梳每腊克送经量980mm。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110804887A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-18 中原工学院 防水透湿纳米纤维膜的热转移印花方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110804887A (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-18 中原工学院 防水透湿纳米纤维膜的热转移印花方法

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