CN109961601B - Large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning - Google Patents
Large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning, which comprises: the data acquisition assembly is a device capable of carrying out space positioning and acquiring ambient environment parameters, and the device collects the ambient environment parameters and sends the acquired data and the position information to the outside at regular time through the wireless transmission module; the data communication component receives the data sent by the data acquisition component, filters the data and forwards the data to the data processing platform; the data processing platform is used for receiving the data sent by the data communication assembly and processing the data to obtain situation information capable of reflecting the fire situation; and the data analysis and display platform is used for displaying the processed fire situation data in real time and carrying out disaster analysis and evaluation according to the fire situation. The invention can sense the development situation of the fire in real time, display the disaster situation on the data analysis and display platform and evaluate the disaster grade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire space positioning systems, in particular to a large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning.
Background
A fire disaster refers to a disaster-type combustion phenomenon in which a fire source is out of control and develops to cause damage to lives and properties of people. Among the various disasters, fire is one of the main disasters that threaten public safety and social development most often and most generally. The fire can burn the material wealth created by the human through the hard work, so that factories, warehouses, towns, villages and a large amount of production and living data are converted into ash, and the development of social economy and the normal life of people are influenced to a certain extent. Fire also pollutes the atmosphere and destroys the ecological environment. The fire not only traps some people in a predicament, but also coats charcoal and gives away lives and health of many people, and causes physical and psychological pains which are difficult to eliminate. According to the research and measurement of the fire statistics center and the European community, if the direct loss of the fire accounts for 2 per thousand of the total value of the national economic production, the loss of the whole fire accounts for more than 10 per thousand of the total value of the national economic production. The modern society develops unprecedentedly and huge social wealth is accumulated. In urban areas, social population is relatively centralized, and once a fire disaster happens, the safety of lives and properties of people can be seriously damaged by the scale and the scale of architectural facilities, so that disastrous losses are caused. In forest areas, flammable vegetation is often spread all over, and due to the large range, complex geographical environment and rare smoke, once a fire disaster occurs and the scale is formed, the fire condition is often difficult to control in a short time. Meanwhile, the forest is a precious resource for human beings and also a guarantee for agricultural production and people's life. Forest fire causes damage to forest resources and ecological environment, and is often difficult to extinguish, thereby causing huge loss.
The real-time monitoring and analysis of the large-scale fire situation is always a difficult problem in the field of fire rescue, and the purpose of the real-time monitoring and analysis of the fire situation is to provide objective reference for rescue experts to formulate a rescue scheme. Therefore, the accuracy of the data obtained by real-time monitoring calculation is important. At present, there are some patent schemes for fire monitoring and early warning, and the specific analysis content is as follows:
patent 1: the invention discloses a forest fire early warning system based on a wireless sensor network, which is invented by the following application numbers: 201810497270.6, respectively; according to the forest fire alarm system disclosed in patent 1, the specific application scene is limited to forest fires, the scheme obtains the environmental parameters of the area where the system is located through the wireless sensor and obtains the probability of fire occurrence by using an empirical formula, and the final result is often influenced by uncertain factors and the accuracy cannot be guaranteed;
patent 2: the invention discloses a forest fire patrol alarm system and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle image recognition, which is invented by the following application numbers: 201810548096.3, respectively; according to the forest fire patrol alarm system and method disclosed by the patent 2, in the scheme, an unmanned aerial vehicle shoots over a forest area to obtain a video record, and image feature recognition is carried out on flames in the forest monitoring area. Because the unmanned aerial vehicle can be influenced by factors such as weather and the like during flying, and when the fire is strong and the smoke is dense, the image characteristics are difficult to accurately identify;
patent 3: the invention discloses a forest fire early warning method combining a small satellite and an infrared sensor network, which is characterized in that the application number is as follows: 201810524664.6, respectively; according to the forest fire early warning method disclosed in patent 3, infrared abnormal data are analyzed through infrared sensors arranged in a forest, and corresponding early warning is made by dividing potential risk areas into different grades. However, the scheme can only provide infrared data to the back end, the information source is single, the fire situation cannot be comprehensively and objectively analyzed, and the mode of utilizing the small satellite communication has high cost and is not suitable for large-scale application scenes.
In conclusion, no relevant patent for monitoring and analyzing the large-scale fire situation is found. Most of the patent technical fields are early warning and monitoring of forest fires. In contrast to the present invention, the application scenarios of these patents are limited to forest fires only, and no solution is given for real-time monitoring and analysis of the situation after a fire occurs.
For large-scale fires in urban areas, industrial parks or forests and other areas, the fire extinguishing agent has the characteristics of large range, rapid diffusion, difficulty in controlling the fire in a short time and the like. Therefore, after the fire disaster occurs, the fire disaster is monitored and analyzed in real time, and more basis can be provided for field experts to formulate an emergency scheme so as to reduce life and property loss of the country and people. According to the analysis, the invention provides a large-scale fire situation analysis method and system based on space positioning, and a complete scheme for solving the problems is expected to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning so as to realize real-time monitoring and analysis of fire.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a large-scale fire situation analytic system based on space orientation which characterized in that: including data acquisition subassembly, data communication subassembly, data processing platform, data analysis and show platform, the data acquisition subassembly has a plurality ofly, puts in respectively in each subregion that probably receives the fire influence division in the region, each data acquisition subassembly respectively with data communication subassembly wireless communication connection, data communication subassembly and data processing platform wireless communication connection, data processing platform and data analysis and show platform wireless communication connection, wherein:
the data acquisition component acquires geographical position information data of the sub-area where the data acquisition component is located and surrounding environment parameter data, and sends the geographical position information data and the environment parameter data to the data communication component in a wireless mode;
the data communication assembly receives the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by each data acquisition assembly, processes the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data and then sends the processed geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data to the data processing platform;
the data processing platform detects, corrects and integrates the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data, and then sends the data to the data analysis and display platform;
the data analysis and display platform combines the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data to analyze the disaster and display the analysis result in a data visualization mode.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: according to the fire occurrence condition, dividing a possibly fire affected area M into n sub-areas according to specific geographic environment, wherein M is { M ═ M1，M2，M3，......，MnIn which M is1—MnThe method comprises the steps that each sub-area is represented, a certain number of data acquisition assemblies are put in each sub-area, the putting density of the data acquisition assemblies in the sub-areas is determined by geographic environments, and communication does not exist among the data acquisition assemblies in each sub-area and among the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas, and the data acquisition assemblies in each sub-area and the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas are independent.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the data acquisition assembly comprises a system control unit, a space positioning unit, an environmental parameter acquisition unit and a data transmission unit which are integrated into a whole, wherein the space positioning unit, the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit are respectively and electrically connected with the system control unit;
the space positioning unit acquires longitude and latitude coordinates of the launched subarea and sends the longitude and latitude coordinates to the system control unit;
the system comprises an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a system control unit and a power supply unit, wherein the environmental parameter acquisition unit is composed of various sensors, acquires parameters of temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure of a thrown subregion and concentration parameters of carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide, and respectively sends various environmental parameters acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition unit to the system control unit;
the system control unit supplies power to the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, provides clock signals to the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, and transmits the longitude and latitude coordinates and various parameters to the data communication assembly in a wireless data mode through the data transmission unit.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the data communication component comprises a plurality of data relay devices, a gateway and a receiving working terminal; a plurality of sub-areas which are close to each other are taken as a sub-area, a data relay device is respectively arranged near each sub-area, a receiving working terminal is arranged at a safe position at the periphery of an area which is possibly affected by fire, and each data relay device is respectively in communication connection with the receiving working terminal through a gateway and by using an IP protocol;
the data relay device is in wireless communication connection with the data sending unit in the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the parcel so as to receive the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the parcel, the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data received by each data relay device are sent to the receiving working terminal for processing, and finally the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data are sent to the data processing platform in a wireless data mode by the receiving working terminal.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the processing process of the data in the receiving working terminal is as follows:
if the sub-region MiThe longitude and latitude coordinates acquired by the internal data acquisition assembly are (x, y), and the set of the environmental parameters is gammai＝{θ1(Mi)，θ2(Mi)，...，θk(Mi) Is (1 is less than or equal to i is less than or equal to n, k is more than 0), then gamma is definediIndex number of (2) is IDiThe data format sent by the receiving work terminal to the data processing platform is { ID }i，γi(x, y) }. Wherein, thetak(Mi) Represents a sub-region MiThe value of the kth environmental parameter.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the data processing platform is a bottom-up four-layer network structure, comprising a physical layer, a link layer, a data difference and an application layer, wherein:
the physical layer is wireless communication equipment necessary for realizing wireless communication between the data communication assembly and the data processing platform, and the physical layer establishes, maintains and disconnects the physical communication between the data communication assembly and the data processing platform;
the link layer packs the data transmitted by the data communication component into frame data and carries out error detection;
the data layer processes the data transmitted by the data communication component and filters the acquired geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data;
the application layer provides interfaces required by wireless communication between the data processing platform and the data analysis and display platform.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the data acquisition assembly and the data communication assembly are in simplex communication, and the data communication assembly and the data processing platform are in duplex communication.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: the data analysis and display platform comprises a fire condition parameter calculation unit, a fire situation evaluation unit and a fire situation display unit, wherein:
the fire condition parameter calculation unit calculates the fire passing area and the fire line pushing speed according to the obtained data;
the fire situation evaluation unit evaluates the current fire development grade according to the fire passing area and the fire line transition speed which are calculated by the fire parameter calculation unit, and conjectures the change situation of the fire situation in a future period of time;
the fire situation display unit visually displays the position of the current fire wire and updates the position of the fire wire in real time according to the received data.
The large-scale fire situation analysis system based on space positioning is characterized in that: in the data analysis and display platform, the fire parameter calculation unit firstly judges that the time period (t) is continuous0，t1，t2，......，tv) When t is0The data received by the time data communication component Is (ID)p，γp(x, y)), mu >0, and at a successive time t thereafter1、t2Until tvThe data communication component has not received the index number as IDpThe data sent by the corresponding data acquisition component is regarded as the sub-area M corresponding to the data communication componentpA live wire passes through the fire behavior parameter calculation unit, and the fire passing area and the live wire pushing speed are calculated according to the obtained data;
when the index number is IDpThe data transmission of the corresponding data acquisition assembly is interrupted in the continuous time period, but the data communication of the devices around the data acquisition assembly is still in a normal state, and the index number is considered as IDpThe corresponding data acquisition component is damaged, and the live wire does not pass through the area where the data acquisition component is located.
According to different factors such as fire types and geographic environments, different strategies can be flexibly adopted to divide the target area, so that the compromise between the real-time monitoring and analyzing effect and the economic and human cost is realized to the greatest extent;
according to different limiting conditions such as cost, geographic environment, security level and the like, different positioning modules such as GPS positioning, Beidou positioning, Galileo positioning and the like can be selected to obtain longitude and latitude coordinates of each positioning device;
according to the invention, different communication modules based on different wireless communication protocols can be flexibly selected in different communication processes in the system according to different transmission distances, economic cost and geographic environments. Specifically, the wireless communication module includes: LoRa wireless communication module, 3G/4G network, TCP communication module, etc.
In summary, the large-scale fire situation analysis system based on spatial localization provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: through the self-positioning device arranged in the disaster area, the relevant parameters of the fire and various environmental parameters of the target area can be quickly obtained at the beginning of the fire. Because large-scale fire usually expands rapidly, and once the scale is formed, the control is difficult in a short time, and the traditional fire situation analysis system is difficult to consider both the real-time performance and the accuracy of monitoring. Compared with the fire disaster situation monitoring system, the fire disaster situation monitoring system provided by the invention adopts a space positioning method, and calculates the position of the fire wire in real time according to the acquired data, so that the fire disaster situation can be analyzed and monitored in a large range and at low cost. Meanwhile, important indexes of large-scale fire simulation analysis comprise positions and moving directions of fire wires at different moments. The space positioning device that this system provided can real-time accurate location live wire position to in the development situation of the process that data analysis and the visual show live wire of show platform passed and future a period of time conflagration, accomplish the real-time of observation data and the compromise of accuracy, this will be more favorable to the domain expert to formulate reasonable emergent scheme according to the particular case of calamity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a launched spatial locator.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a data analysis and display platform.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the relevant aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, a large-scale fire situation analytic system based on space orientation, including data acquisition component, data communication subassembly, data processing platform, data analysis and show platform, the data acquisition component has a plurality ofly, put in each subregion that probably receives the division in the conflagration affected area respectively, each data acquisition component is connected with data communication subassembly wireless communication respectively, data communication subassembly and data processing platform wireless communication are connected, data processing platform and data analysis and show platform wireless communication are connected, wherein:
the data acquisition component acquires geographical position information data of the sub-area where the data acquisition component is located and surrounding environment parameter data, and sends the geographical position information data and the environment parameter data to the data communication component in a wireless mode;
the data communication assembly receives the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by each data acquisition assembly, processes the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data and then sends the processed geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data to the data processing platform;
the data processing platform detects, corrects and integrates the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data, and then sends the data to the data analysis and display platform;
the data analysis and display platform combines the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data to analyze the disaster and display the analysis result in a data visualization mode.
In the invention, the data acquisition assembly is used for sending position information and various surrounding environment parameters to the data processing platform; the data communication component is used for completing data communication between the data acquisition component and the data processing platform; the data processing platform is used for detecting and correcting the acquired data, integrating information and sending the information to the data analysis and display platform; the data analysis and display platform is combined with a geographic information system to fuse observation data and analyze disaster situations to form a situation map of a disaster area. And displaying the processed data in a data visualization mode, further analyzing the data, and evaluating the disaster level.
According to the invention, the self-positioning device arranged in the fire area is used for collecting the ambient environment parameters, so that the development situation of the fire can be sensed in real time, the disaster situation can be visually displayed, the disaster grade can be evaluated, and an accurate and objective basis is provided for field experts to formulate a reasonable emergency scheme.
In the invention, according to the fire occurrence condition, a possibly fire affected area M is divided into n sub-areas according to specific geographic environment, wherein M is { M ═ M1，M2，M3，......，MnIn which M is1—MnThe method comprises the steps that each sub-area is represented, a certain number of data acquisition assemblies are put in each sub-area, the putting density of the data acquisition assemblies in the sub-areas is determined by geographic environments, and communication does not exist among the data acquisition assemblies in each sub-area and among the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas, and the data acquisition assemblies in each sub-area and the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas are independent.
In the invention, the data acquisition assembly comprises a system control unit, a space positioning unit, an environmental parameter acquisition unit and a data transmission unit which are integrated into a whole, wherein the space positioning unit, the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit are respectively and electrically connected with the system control unit;
the space positioning unit acquires longitude and latitude coordinates of the launched subarea and sends the longitude and latitude coordinates to the system control unit;
the system comprises an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a system control unit and a power supply unit, wherein the environmental parameter acquisition unit is composed of various sensors, acquires parameters of temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure of a thrown subregion and concentration parameters of carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide, and respectively sends various environmental parameters acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition unit to the system control unit;
the system control unit supplies power to the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, provides clock signals to the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, and transmits the longitude and latitude coordinates and various parameters to the data communication assembly in a wireless data mode through the data transmission unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the data acquisition assembly of the present invention comprises the following three parts:
(1) an umbrella cabin 1: considering that the device is thrown from high altitude, each device is provided with a parachute 2 to ensure that the device can fall smoothly;
(2) the functional module 3: the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit form a basic function module of the device;
(3) the system control unit 5: consists of a power supply, a clock, an antenna and the like. In view of the recyclability of the device, the system control module is designed as a component of the device to be detachable and, when required, assembled as shown in fig. 2. When one monitoring operation is finished, undamaged devices can be recovered.
The functional module of the device is designed into an inner layer and an outer layer, the outer layer is a protective shell, and the inner layer is provided with relevant parts for forming each unit of the functional module, so that the units cannot interfere with each other. Considering that the device is thrown to a target area from the air, a plurality of protection springs 4 are arranged between two layers to play a role of buffering and prevent equipment from being damaged.
In the invention, the data communication component comprises a plurality of data relay devices, a gateway and a receiving working terminal; a plurality of sub-areas which are close to each other are taken as a sub-area, a data relay device is respectively arranged near each sub-area, a receiving working terminal is arranged at a safe position at the periphery of an area which is possibly affected by fire, and each data relay device is respectively in communication connection with the receiving working terminal through a gateway and by using an IP protocol;
the data relay device is in wireless communication connection with the data sending unit in the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the parcel so as to receive the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the parcel, the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data received by each data relay device are sent to the receiving working terminal for processing, and finally the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data are sent to the data processing platform in a wireless data mode by the receiving working terminal.
In the invention, the data processing process in the receiving working terminal is as follows:
if the sub-region MiThe longitude and latitude coordinates acquired by the internal data acquisition assembly are (x, y), and the set of the environmental parameters is gammai＝{θ1(Mi)，θ2(Mi)，...，θk(Mi) Is (1 is less than or equal to i is less than or equal to n, k is more than 0), then gamma is definediIndex number of (2) is IDiThe data format sent by the receiving work terminal to the data processing platform is { ID }i，γi(x, y) }. Wherein, thetax(Mi) Represents a sub-region MiThe value of the kth environmental parameter.
The data processing platform in the invention is a four-layer network structure from bottom to top, comprising a physical layer, a link layer, a data difference and an application layer, wherein:
the physical layer is wireless communication equipment necessary for realizing wireless communication between the data communication component and the data processing platform, such as necessary antenna, modulation and demodulation equipment, signal enhancement equipment and the like; the physical layer establishes, maintains and disconnects the physical communication between the data communication component and the data processing platform;
the link layer packs the data transmitted by the data communication component into frame data and carries out error detection;
the data layer processes the data transmitted by the data communication component and filters the acquired geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data;
the application layer provides interfaces required by wireless communication between the data processing platform and the data analysis and display platform.
In the invention, the data acquisition component and the data communication component are in simplex communication, and the data communication component and the data processing platform are in duplex communication.
In the invention, the data analysis and display platform comprises a fire condition parameter calculation unit, a fire situation evaluation unit and a fire situation display unit, wherein:
the fire condition parameter calculation unit calculates the fire passing area and the fire line pushing speed according to the obtained data;
the fire situation evaluation unit evaluates the current fire development grade according to the fire passing area and the fire line transition speed which are calculated by the fire parameter calculation unit, and conjectures the change situation of the fire situation in a future period of time;
the fire situation display unit visually displays the position of the current fire wire and updates the position of the fire wire in real time according to the received data.
In the invention, in the data analysis and display platform, the fire parameter calculation unit firstly judges that the time period (t) is continuous0，t1，t2，......，tv) When t is0The data received by the time data communication component Is (ID)p，γp(x, y)), mu >0, and at a successive time t thereafter1、t2Until tvThe data communication component has not received the index number as IDpThe data sent by the corresponding data acquisition component is regarded as the sub-area M corresponding to the data communication componentpThe live wire passes through the fire behavior parameter calculation unit, and the fire passing area and the live wire pushing speed are calculated according to the obtained data.
When the index number is IDpThe data transmission of the corresponding data acquisition assembly is interrupted in the continuous time period, but the data communication of the devices around the data acquisition assembly is still in a normal state, and the index number is considered as IDpThe corresponding data acquisition component is damaged, and the live wire does not pass through the area where the data acquisition component is located.
As shown in FIG. 3, in one embodiment, in the event that a fire occurs somewhere and rapidly spreads and a large-scale fire may be initiated within a later period of time, the target area M is divided into a number of sub-areas, which are numbered { M }1，M2，M3，......，MnFor number Mr(r is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n), putting the corresponding index number IDrThe device with the spatial location unit is used for acquiring environmental parameters of the area. At the same time, the user can select the desired position,in the corresponding region where the positioning device is located { M1，M2，M3，...，Ms}，{Ms+1，Ns+2，...，Ms+p},……{Mq，Mq+1，Mq+2，...，MnAnd arranging a plurality of data transfer devices at the internal safety position, and arranging a receiving working terminal at the peripheral safety position of the area M.
After each device is placed in the target area, data is sent to the corresponding data relay device at the same time interval delta 1, and the data format is { ID }i，γi(x, y) }, meaning that the index number is IDiThe position of the device is (x, y), and the collected environmental parameter set of the area is gammai. And a plurality of data acquisition assemblies corresponding to the data relay device form a data node of the LoRa gateway, and data are sent to the data relay device in each same time period. The data relay device sends the data signal to a receiving working terminal at the periphery of the area through an IP protocol, and then the receiving working terminal sends the data to the data processing platform.
As shown in fig. 4, the data analysis and display platform includes a fire parameter calculation unit, a fire situation evaluation unit and a fire situation display unit. The fire condition parameter calculation unit calculates fire condition parameters such as a fire wire pushing speed, a fire passing area and the like at the current moment according to the fire condition parameters and the fire wire position parameters returned by the sub-regions. And the fire situation evaluation unit gives the disaster grade of each current subregion according to the calculated data, and estimates the transition situation of the fire line in a future period of time according to the transition speed and direction of the fire line. And the fire situation display unit connects the coordinates of all points on the returned fire line, and displays the overall view of the fire situation of the target area on the two-dimensional map. Specifically, the data analysis and display processes are performed in real time.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale fire situation analytic system based on space orientation which characterized in that: including data acquisition subassembly, data communication subassembly, data processing platform, data analysis and show platform, the data acquisition subassembly has a plurality ofly, puts in respectively in each subregion that probably receives the fire influence division in the region, each data acquisition subassembly respectively with data communication subassembly wireless communication connection, data communication subassembly and data processing platform wireless communication connection, data processing platform and data analysis and show platform wireless communication connection, wherein: the data acquisition component acquires geographical position information data of the sub-area where the data acquisition component is located and surrounding environment parameter data, and sends the geographical position information data and the environment parameter data to the data communication component in a wireless mode; the data communication assembly receives the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by each data acquisition assembly, processes the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data and then sends the processed geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data to the data processing platform; the data processing platform detects, corrects and integrates the received geographic position information data and the received environmental parameter data, and then sends the data to the data analysis and display platform; the data analysis and display platform is combined with the geographic position information data to fuse the environmental parameter data so as to analyze the disaster and display the analysis result in a data visualization mode;
according to the fire occurrence condition, dividing a possibly fire affected area M into n sub-areas according to a specific geographical environment, wherein M is { M1, M2, M3.. once., MN }, wherein M1-Mn represents each sub-area, a certain number of data acquisition assemblies are respectively put in each sub-area, the putting density of the data acquisition assemblies in the sub-areas is determined by the geographical environment, and no communication exists among the data acquisition assemblies in each sub-area and among the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas and the data acquisition assemblies in different sub-areas are independent individuals;
the data acquisition assembly comprises a system control unit, a space positioning unit, an environmental parameter acquisition unit and a data transmission unit which are integrated into a whole, wherein the space positioning unit, the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit are respectively and electrically connected with the system control unit; the space positioning unit acquires longitude and latitude coordinates of the launched subarea and sends the longitude and latitude coordinates to the system control unit; the system comprises an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a system control unit and a power supply unit, wherein the environmental parameter acquisition unit is composed of various sensors, acquires parameters of temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure of a thrown subregion and concentration parameters of carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide, and respectively sends various environmental parameters acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition unit to the system control unit; the system control unit supplies power to the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, provides clock signals for the space positioning unit, the environment parameter acquisition unit and the data transmission unit, and transmits the longitude and latitude coordinates and various parameters to the data communication assembly in a wireless data form through the data transmission unit;
the data communication component comprises a plurality of data relay devices, a gateway and a receiving working terminal; a plurality of sub-areas which are close to each other are taken as a sub-area, a data relay device is respectively arranged near each sub-area, a receiving working terminal is arranged at a safe position at the periphery of an area which is possibly affected by fire, and each data relay device is respectively in communication connection with the receiving working terminal through a gateway and by using an IP protocol; the data relay device is in wireless communication connection with the data sending unit in the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the fragment area so as to receive the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data sent by the data acquisition assembly corresponding to each subregion in the fragment area, the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data received by each data relay device are sent to the receiving working terminal for processing, and finally the receiving working terminal sends the geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data to the data processing platform in a wireless data mode;
the processing process of the data in the receiving working terminal is as follows: if longitude and latitude coordinates acquired by a data acquisition assembly in the subregion Mi are (x, y), and a set of environment parameters is γ i ═ θ 1 (Mi), θ 2(Mi),.., θ k (Mi) } (1 ≦ i ≦ n, k >0), defining an index number of γ i as IDi, and a data format sent by a receiving working terminal to a data processing platform is { IDi, γ i, (x, y) }, wherein θ k (Mi) represents a value of the kth environment parameter of the subregion Mi;
the data processing platform is a bottom-up four-layer network structure, comprising a physical layer, a link layer, a data difference and an application layer, wherein: the physical layer is wireless communication equipment necessary for realizing wireless communication between the data communication assembly and the data processing platform, and the physical layer establishes, maintains and disconnects the physical communication between the data communication assembly and the data processing platform; the link layer packs the data transmitted by the data communication component into frame data and carries out error detection; the data layer processes the data transmitted by the data communication component and filters the acquired geographic position information data and the environmental parameter data; the application layer provides interfaces required by wireless communication between the data processing platform and the data analysis and display platform;
the data acquisition component and the data communication component are in simplex communication, and the data communication component and the data processing platform are in duplex communication;
the data analysis and display platform comprises a fire condition parameter calculation unit, a fire situation evaluation unit and a fire situation display unit, wherein: the fire condition parameter calculation unit calculates the fire passing area and the fire line pushing speed according to the obtained data; the fire situation evaluation unit evaluates the current fire development grade according to the fire passing area and the fire line transition speed which are calculated by the fire parameter calculation unit, and conjectures the change situation of the fire situation in a future period of time; the fire situation display unit visually displays the position of the current fire wire and updates the position of the fire wire in real time according to the received data;
in the data analysis and display platform, the fire parameter calculation unit firstly judges that in a continuous time period (t0, t1, t 2...... times, tv), when data received by the data communication component at the time of t0 is (IDp, γ p, (x, y)), p is greater than 0, and after the subsequent continuous time periods t1, t2 until tv, the data communication component does not receive data sent by the data acquisition component with the index number of IDp, namely that a fire wire passes through the sub-region Mp corresponding to the data communication component, and then the fire parameter calculation unit calculates the fire area and the fire wire transition speed according to the obtained data; when the data transmission of the data acquisition component with the index number of IDp is interrupted in the continuous time period, but the data communication of the devices around the data acquisition component is still in a normal state, the data acquisition component with the index number of IDp is considered to be damaged, and the live wire does not pass through the area where the data acquisition component is located.
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