CN109955551A - 一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109955551A
CN109955551A CN201711391796.8A CN201711391796A CN109955551A CN 109955551 A CN109955551 A CN 109955551A CN 201711391796 A CN201711391796 A CN 201711391796A CN 109955551 A CN109955551 A CN 109955551A
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precast body
fiber
carbon fiber
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net tire
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蒋洪亮
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YIXING YITAI CARBON FIBER WEAVING Co Ltd
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YIXING YITAI CARBON FIBER WEAVING Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布；2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝经剪切、淋水、加热、开松后制成网胎；3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体。本发明所生产的预制体结构致密，不容易分层，预制体表面孔隙的均匀性和通透性优秀，使得后续增密周期大大缩短，而且该方法生产工艺简单，生产成本低。

Description

一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料领域，尤其涉及一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法。
背景技术
碳/碳复合材料是以碳纤维为增强材料，以碳为基体的复合材料。作为设备中耐高温、耐腐蚀的关键部件，碳/碳复合材料具有高强度、高模量、隔热优异、高密度等优异特性，在机械、电子、化工、冶金、核能、航空航天和国防等领域被广泛应用。
碳/碳复合材料是由碳纤维预制体经CVD炉多次反复气相沉积或浸胶后碳化增密而成。原有工艺生产的碳纤维预制体由于针刺的密度和深度不合理，预制体表面孔隙的均匀性和通透性比较差，而且容易分层 ，不利于后期连续高温碳化和气相沉积，只能通过低温、低气流来进行渗透增密处理，使得增密周期大大延长，生产成本不断提高。
发明内容
本发明为了克服上述技术的不足，提供一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法。该方法生产工艺简单，生产成本低。所生产的预制体结构致密，不容易分层，预制体表面孔隙的均匀性和通透性优秀，使得增密周期大大缩短。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布。
2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝切成长度为56-64mm的短纤维，淋水使短纤维的湿度保持在4-6%，之后放入烘箱加热到45℃，保温18-20小时，取出后经开松机打散分离，再将分离后的短纤维送入气流成网设备制成网胎，网胎的厚度为0.52-0.65mm，网胎的表面密度为80-260g/㎡。
3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体，层间密度为19层±1/cm。
进一步，所述针刺的密度为46-50刺/㎡。
进一步，所述针刺的进针深度为10-16cm。
本发明的有益效果：本发明针刺密度和深度十分合理，优化了预制体的结构性能，所生产的预制体结构致密，不容易分层，预制体表面孔隙的均匀性和通透性优秀，使得后续增密周期大大缩短，而且该方法生产工艺简单，生产成本低。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布。
2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝切成长度为56mm的短纤维，淋水使短纤维的湿度保持在4%，之后放入烘箱加热到45℃，保温18小时，取出后经开松机打散分离，再将分离后的短纤维送入气流成网设备制成网胎，网胎的厚度为0.52mm，网胎的表面密度为88g/㎡。
3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体，层间密度为18层/cm，
针刺的密度为46刺/㎡，针刺的进针深度为10 cm。
实施例2
本实施例碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布。
2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝切成长度为60mm的短纤维，淋水使短纤维的湿度保持在5%，之后放入烘箱加热到45℃，保温19小时，取出后经开松机打散分离，再将分离后的短纤维送入气流成网设备制成网胎，网胎的厚度为0.57mm，网胎的表面密度为115g/㎡。
3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体，层间密度为19层/cm，针刺的密度为48刺/㎡，针刺的进针深度为13cm。
实施例3
本实施例碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布。
2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝切成长度为64mm的短纤维，淋水使短纤维的湿度保持在6%，之后放入烘箱加热到45℃，保温20小时，取出后经开松机打散分离，再将分离后的短纤维送入气流成网设备制成网胎，网胎的厚度为0.65mm，网胎的表面密度为260g/㎡。
3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体，层间密度为20层/cm，
针刺的密度为50刺/㎡，针刺的进针深度为16cm。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制。凡是根据发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变化，均落入本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1）将12K碳纤维采用编织机织造出无纬单向碳纤维布；
2）将PAN预氧化纤维丝切成长度为56-64mm的短纤维，淋水使短纤维的湿度保持在4-6%，之后放入烘箱加热到45℃，保温18-20小时，取出后经开松机打散分离，再将分离后的短纤维送入气流成网设备制成网胎，网胎的厚度为0.52-0.65mm，网胎的表面密度为80-260g/㎡；
3）将碳纤维布平铺，结合网胎作为层间填充，逐层叠加，逐层针刺，得到三维整体结构预制体，层间密度为19层±1/cm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述针刺的密度为46-50刺/㎡。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维复合预氧丝预制体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述针刺的进针深度为10-16cm。
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111636144A (zh) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-08 浙江星辉新材料科技股份有限公司 一种碳碳复合材料平板的制备工艺
CN113149685A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-23 上海骐杰碳素材料有限公司 碳碳或碳陶复合材料网胎预制体及其制品以及制备方法
CN113308796A (zh) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-27 上海大学绍兴研究院 一种碳/碳复合材料用结构增强针刺预制体、碳/碳复合材料及其制备方法
CN113878973A (zh) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-04 西安美兰德新材料有限责任公司 一种提高碳纤维复合布效率的方法
CN114457504A (zh) * 2022-03-01 2022-05-10 甘肃郝氏炭纤维有限公司 一种C/C-SiC预制件、C/C-SiC复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111636144A (zh) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-08 浙江星辉新材料科技股份有限公司 一种碳碳复合材料平板的制备工艺
CN113308796A (zh) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-27 上海大学绍兴研究院 一种碳/碳复合材料用结构增强针刺预制体、碳/碳复合材料及其制备方法
CN113149685A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-23 上海骐杰碳素材料有限公司 碳碳或碳陶复合材料网胎预制体及其制品以及制备方法
CN113878973A (zh) * 2021-11-04 2022-01-04 西安美兰德新材料有限责任公司 一种提高碳纤维复合布效率的方法
CN114457504A (zh) * 2022-03-01 2022-05-10 甘肃郝氏炭纤维有限公司 一种C/C-SiC预制件、C/C-SiC复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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Application publication date: 20190702