CN109952933A - A kind of fruit tree planting machine and working method having loam blending backfill irrigation function - Google Patents
A kind of fruit tree planting machine and working method having loam blending backfill irrigation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109952933A CN109952933A CN201910349327.2A CN201910349327A CN109952933A CN 109952933 A CN109952933 A CN 109952933A CN 201910349327 A CN201910349327 A CN 201910349327A CN 109952933 A CN109952933 A CN 109952933A
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005078 fruit development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B51/00—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
- A01B51/02—Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus propelled by a motor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/09—Watering arrangements making use of movable installations on wheels or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit tree planting machines and working method for having loam blending backfill irrigation function, including crawler-type mobile platform, parallelogram lifting device, apparatus for work and irrigation device.Mobile vehicle of the crawler-type mobile platform as machine, for fixing parallelogram lifting device and irrigation device and reducing the pitch in machine traveling；Parallelogram lifting device carries out the displacement on horizontal and vertical to the apparatus for work under different station, switches different working conditions；Apparatus for work is suspended in crawler-type mobile platform end, and realization digs pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfills operation；Irrigation device is used to carry out fruit tree quantitative pouring operation.The machine, which realizes, quickly digs pit, automatic fertilizer, uniform complex fertilizer, precisely backfills, the multifunction automatic work pattern that quantitatively pours, and easy to operate, work efficiency is high, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, improves fruit tree survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural mechanical field, be related to a kind of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function and
Working method, realize fruit tree plant during dig pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill, pouring automated job.
Technical background
China's forest and fruit growth momentum is swift and violent, but the soil-borne disease that the cultivations such as fruit tree continuous cropping, change of crops face is increasingly prominent
Out, huge economic losses are caused.For this purpose, plant pit soil must apply bacterial manure and blend uniformly with it, thus greatly before planting fruit trees
Improve soil quality, effectively inhibit soil-borne disease, improves output of the fruit tree.Furthermore with orchard large-scale development and specification
The requirement for changing management increasingly improves, and orchard transplanting machinery, automation importance increasingly highlight.The research of China orchard transplanting machinery
It starts late, especially new change has occurred in orchard management agronomy demand, and efficiently, the plant of labour-saving orchard is equipped and technology lacks
It is weary, lead to that the link amount of labour used is more, large labor intensity, operating efficiency is low.
It is found through being retrieved to existing technical literature, Chinese invention patent " a kind of digging apparatus ", application number
201710415386.6, which does not have fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill, pours operation function, function list based on operation of digging pit
One, efficiency is lower；Chinese invention patent " a kind of original position dig pit complex fertilizer backfill all-in-one machine and its working method ", application number
201710178197.1, the machine although realize dig pit, complex fertilizer, multiple operation functions such as backfill, but need it is artificial mobile,
Repeatedly starting engine, can not achieve automatic fertilizer, automatic-watering, machine is more heavy, and automatization level is not high.
Therefore the problems such as work pattern is single during transplanting for fruit tree, and the degree of automation is low, there is an urgent need to invent one
Kind have the fruit tree planting machine and working method of loam blending backfill irrigation function, with realize automation dig pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer,
The diversification operations such as backfill, pouring save a large amount of labours during fruit tree plant, improve fruit tree survival rate.
Summary of the invention
It had a single function for existing fruit tree plant machine, move the problems such as heavy, automatization level is low, invented a kind of tool
The fruit tree planting machine and working method of standby loam blending backfill irrigation function, with realize automation dig pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill,
Labour is saved in the diversification operations such as pouring, improves fruit tree survival rate, promotes forest and fruit development.
Technical solution used by a kind of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function of the present invention: including carrying out
Belt mobile platform, parallelogram lifting device, apparatus for work and irrigation device.The crawler-type mobile platform is as machine
The mobile vehicle of device, for fixing other devices and reducing the pitch in machine traveling；The parallelogram liter
Falling unit carries out the displacement on horizontal and vertical to the apparatus for work under different station, switches different working conditions；Described
Apparatus for work is suspended in crawler-type mobile platform end, and realization digs pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfills operation；The irrigation device is used
Operation is poured in quantify to fruit tree.
The crawler-type mobile platform, including operation panel, engine, power supply, hydraulic pump, reduction gearbox, rack；Described
Operation panel is arranged in the outer edge of mobile platform, convenient for operating personnel control the shift of crawler-type mobile platform, start and stop, steering with
And the operation of apparatus for work and irrigation device；The engine is fixed on mobile platform rack front end, is crawler-type mobile
The traveling of platform and hydraulic pump provide driving source；The power supply is fixed on right part on front side of rack, provides electricity for motor and water pump
Energy；The hydraulic pump is fixed on left part on front side of rack, and input shaft is connect by belt with engine output shaft, by engine
Liquid pressure energy needed for the mechanical energy of offer is converted to the hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor；The reduction gearbox
It is fixed on middle part on front side of rack, input shaft is connect by belt with engine output shaft, by the revolving speed of engine shaft and torsion
Square is matched and is transmitted, and has ensured the traveling demand of crawler-type mobile platform；The rack is for fixing parallelogram
Lifting device and irrigation device and placement to sapling, fertilizer.
The parallelogram lifting device, including movable connecting rod, fixed connecting rod, synchronous hydraulic cylinder；The movement
Connecting rod is two pairs, is connect with fixed connecting rod, lower sleeve rack according to parallelogram sturcutre；The fixation connecting rod is two,
It is both secured in rack, the fixed edge as parallelogram；The synchronous hydraulic cylinder includes the hydraulic of two identical parameters
Cylinder, cylinder body end are fixed in rack, and tailpiece of the piston rod is fixed on movable connecting rod, using parallel in synchronous hydraulic cylinder telescopic process
Quadrangle opposite side feature parallel always can guarantee that apparatus for work is perpendicular with ground always, when synchronous hydraulic cylinder elongation,
Lower sleeve and ground face contact, this station digged pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer operation, and when synchronous hydraulic cylinder is shunk, lower sleeve leaves ground
Face, conduction pipe are located exactly above hole, this station is backfilled, pours operation.
The apparatus for work, including fertilizer mechanism, complex fertilizer of digging pit backfilling mechanism, drill bit elevating mechanism；The fertilizer
Mechanism includes motor, fertilizer box, outer groove-wheel and fertilizer conduit, and motor drives outer groove-wheel rotation, makes the fertilizer in fertilizer box through outer
Sheave is delivered in upper bush by fertilizer conduit, realizes fertilizer process；The complex fertilizer backfilling mechanism of digging pit include upper bush, under
Sleeve, lower sleeve rack, complex fertilizer of digging pit augers, hydraulic motor, conduction pipe and baffle；The upper bush is coaxially nested
In in lower sleeve, upper bush can be moved in lower sleeve along central axis；The lower sleeve and lower sleeve welding machine frame exists
Together, lower sleeve bottom is provided with discharge port, the discharge for soil and fertilizer；The lower sleeve rack is fixed in parallel and consolidates
Determine to ensure that the verticality on apparatus for work and ground on the parallel movable connecting rod of connecting rod, it can by the movement to lower sleeve rack
To realize the movement to entire apparatus for work；The complex fertilizer augers of digging pit include screw rod, cutting tip, rise native spiral,
Mixing spiral and positioning drill bit；The screw rod and hydraulic motor are concentric, the revolving speed and torque that transmitting is exported by hydraulic motor；
The cutting tip rises native spiral, mixing spiral welded on screw rod, and the soil after cutting is realized in spiral through a liter native spiral
Elevator is dynamic, and fertilizer acts on by hole through the blending of mixing spiral after tentatively mixing with soil, upper bush, lower sleeve, rises native spiral
It is uniform to reach complex fertilizer in the confined space of composition；The positioning drill bit is taper spiral bit, is welded on screw rod bottom, one
The aspect complex fertilizer augers that makes to dig pit reduces oscillation crosswise in operation, on the other hand soil at hole center is risen be crushed it is defeated
Send effect；The hydraulic motor is fixed on elevator platform, provides revolving speed and the torque of complex fertilizer augers of digging pit；Described
Conduction pipe is welded on lower sleeve discharge outlet, soil and fertilizer to be passed through under the spiral throwing effect for complex fertilizer augers of digging pit
The guiding role of conduction pipe is smoothly backfilled in hole and fills the sapling in conduction pipe central channel；Described
Baffle plays the role of closing lower sleeve discharge port, baffle of taking away when backfilling job state, and soil and fertilizer pass through diversion pipe
Road is backfilled in hole；The drill bit elevating mechanism is made of elevator platform, lifting hydraulic cylinder, line slide rail etc.；Described
Elevator platform is fixed on the top of upper bush, may be implemented by the movement to elevator platform to the upper of complex fertilizer augers of digging pit
Lower movement；The lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixed between lower sleeve rack and elevator platform, and the flexible of lifting hydraulic cylinder realizes
Movement to elevator platform；The straight line slide unit includes sliding rail, sliding block, bracket, and sliding rail is fixed between the bracket at both ends, sliding
Block welds together with elevator platform, and bracket is welded in lower sleeve rack, sliding carrier of the straight line slide unit as elevator platform.
The irrigation device, including water tank, water pump, water pipe；The water tank is fixed on rack first half, realizes to water
The storage in source acts on；The water pump is fixed on water tank, and water pump extracts at water source from water tank out, and the work of water pump whether determines
Pour the working condition of operation；The water pipe is fixed along journey, conduction pipe central channel side is fixed at water outlet, water flow is in
Heart slot flows into hole.
A kind of working method for having loam blending backfill irrigation function fruit tree planting machine of the present invention, including following job step
It is rapid:
1) after machine reaches operating location, switching the handle on operation panel makes machine stop advancing, and presses on operation panel
Control button, machine make the movement of procedure.
2) the synchronous hydraulic cylinder elongation in quadrangle lifting device makes lower sleeve and ground face contact, and lifting hydraulic cylinder is contracted to
Stop after the positioning drill bit insertion soil of complex fertilizer of digging pit augers, plays the role of fixed complex fertilizer augers of digging pit.It is hydraulic
Motor starting, complex fertilizer of digging pit augers start to dally, and certain rotary inertia can be obtained before operation of digging pit.
3) lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts last drive dig pit complex fertilizer augers decline, while outer groove-wheel motor drive under into
Row fertilizer, complex fertilizer of digging pit operation is synchronous to be carried out.When complex fertilizer augers of digging pit is dug to designated depth, lifting hydraulic cylinder stops receiving
Contracting, motor stalls, hydraulic motor persistently rotate, and are made of at this time hole, upper bush, lower sleeve and the native spiral of liter closed
Space reaches minimum, and soil and fertilizer can be come into full contact with mixing spiral, is able under the rotation of hydraulic motor uniformly
Complex fertilizer.After complex fertilizer is uniform, lifting hydraulic cylinder elongation makes liter native spiral bottom just with discharge gate bottom in same plane.
4) synchronous hydraulic cylinder is shunk, and so that apparatus for work is risen to backfill job state, conduction pipe is located exactly on hole
Sapling is put in the center groove location of conduction pipe by side, operating personnel, and baffle of taking away, uniformly mixed fertilizer and soil are in a liter soil
It is backfilled to hole through conduction pipe under the throwing effect of spiral to fill sapling, while water pump is opened, water flow is with water conservancy diversion
The central channel of pipeline flows down, and water pump is closed after pouring a certain amount of water, and backfill operation completes rear hydraulic motor and stops operating, so far
It completes and digs pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill, pours operation.
5) handle switched on operation panel makes machine start to advance, and marches to next operating location forward.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, quickly digging pit, automatic fertilizer, uniform complex fertilizer, precisely backfilling, quantitative pouring during fruit tree is transplanted is realized
Multifunction automatic work pattern, greatly improve operating efficiency, labor intensity reduce, improve fruit tree survival rate.
2, parallelogram lifting device enables to dig pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer job state and backfill, pours job state side
Just it switches over, ensure that apparatus for work is perpendicular with ground always, improve homework precision.
3, crawler-type mobile platform is advanced steadily in orchard, is adapted to harsh environments, reduces vibration to machine
Bring damage, improves machine service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of axonometric drawing of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function；
Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function；
Fig. 3 is a kind of the digging pit of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function, the signal of complex fertilizer job state
Figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of backfill of fruit tree planting machine for having loam blending backfill irrigation function, pours job state signal
Figure；
Fig. 5 is parallelogram lifting device axonometric drawing；
Fig. 6 is apparatus for work axonometric drawing；
Fig. 7 is apparatus for work left view；
In figure: 1, synchronous hydraulic cylinder 2, water tank 3, engine 4, rack 5, lower sleeve rack 6, lower sleeve 7, upper bush 8, liquid
Pressure motor 9, conduction pipe 10, water pipe 11, fertilizer box 12, elevator platform 13, operation panel 14, water pump 15, hydraulic pump 16, reduction gearbox
17, the native spiral 21 of power supply 18, screw rod 19, mixing spiral 20, liter, movable connecting rod 22, fixed connecting rod 23, fertilizer conduit 24, motor
25, outer groove-wheel 26, bracket 27, sliding block 28, sliding rail 29, lifting hydraulic cylinder 30, cutting tip 31, positioning drill bit 32, baffle
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Have loam blending backfill the present invention provides one kind to irrigate
The fruit tree planting machine and working method of function, as shown in Figure 1, 2, the crawler-type mobile platform, including operation panel (13), hair
Motivation (3), power supply (17), hydraulic pump (15), reduction gearbox (16), rack (4)；The operation panel (13) is arranged in mobile platform
Outer edge, convenient for operating personnel control crawler-type mobile platform shift, start and stop, steering and apparatus for work and irrigation device
Operation；The engine (3) is fixed on mobile platform rack front end, is traveling and the hydraulic pump of crawler-type mobile platform
(15) driving source is provided；The power supply (17) is fixed on right part on front side of rack, is that motor (24) and water pump (14) provide electric energy；
The hydraulic pump (15) is fixed on left part on front side of rack, and input shaft is connect with engine output shaft by belt, will be started
Liquid pressure energy needed for the mechanical energy that machine (3) provides is converted to the hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor；Described subtracts
Fast case (16) is fixed on middle part on front side of rack, and input shaft is connect by belt with engine output shaft, by engine shaft
Revolving speed and torque are matched and are transmitted, and have ensured the traveling demand of crawler-type mobile platform；The rack (4) is for fixing
Parallelogram lifting device and irrigation device and placement to sapling, fertilizer.
As shown in Fig. 3,4,5, the parallelogram lifting device, including movable connecting rod (21), fixed connecting rod (22),
Synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1)；The movable connecting rod (21) is two pairs, with fixed connecting rod (22), lower sleeve rack (5) according to parallel four
The connection of side shape structure；The fixation connecting rod (22) is two, is both secured on rack (4), the fixation as parallelogram
Side；The synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) includes the hydraulic cylinder of two identical parameters, and cylinder body end is fixed on rack (4), tailpiece of the piston rod
It is fixed on movable connecting rod (21), the spy that parallelogram opposite side is parallel always is utilized in synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) telescopic process
Sign can guarantee that apparatus for work is perpendicular with ground always, when synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) elongation, lower sleeve (6) and ground face contact,
This station digged pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer operation, and when synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) is shunk, lower sleeve (6) leaves ground, conduction pipe
(9) it is located exactly above hole, this station is backfilled, pours operation.
As shown in Figure 6,7, the apparatus for work, including fertilizer mechanism, complex fertilizer of digging pit backfilling mechanism, drill bit elevator
Structure；The fertilizer mechanism includes motor (24), fertilizer box (11), outer groove-wheel (25) and fertilizer conduit (23), motor (24) band
Dynamic outer groove-wheel (25) rotation, makes the fertilizer in fertilizer box (11) be delivered to upper bush by fertilizer conduit (23) through outer groove-wheel (25)
(7) in, fertilizer process is realized；The complex fertilizer backfilling mechanism of digging pit includes upper bush (7), lower sleeve (6), lower sleeve rack
(5), complex fertilizer of digging pit augers, hydraulic motor (8), conduction pipe (9) and baffle (32)；The upper bush (7) is coaxial embedding
It is placed in lower sleeve (6), upper bush (7) can move in lower sleeve (6) along central axis；The lower sleeve (6) is under
Sleeve rack (5) welds together, and lower sleeve (6) bottom is provided with discharge port, the discharge for soil and fertilizer；Described traps
Cylinder rack (5) is fixed in parallel and on fixation connecting rod (22) parallel movable connecting rod (21), ensure that apparatus for work and ground
The movement to entire apparatus for work may be implemented by the movement to lower sleeve rack (5) for verticality；The complex fertilizer spiral shell of digging pit
Rotary drill includes screw rod (18), cutting tip (30), rises native spiral (20), mixing spiral (19) and positioning drill bit (31)；It is described
Screw rod (18) and hydraulic motor (8) it is concentric, the revolving speed and torque that transmitting is exported by hydraulic motor；The cutting tip
(30), the native spiral (20) of liter, mixing spiral (19) are welded on screw rod (18), and the soil after cutting is realized through a liter native spiral (20)
Spiral movement, fertilizer tentatively mixed with soil after through mixing spiral (19) blend act on by hole, upper bush (7), under
It is uniform to reach complex fertilizer in the confined space that the native spiral (20) of sleeve (6), liter forms；The positioning drill bit (31) is taper fried dough twist
Drill bit is welded on screw rod (18) bottom, and the complex fertilizer augers that on the one hand makes to dig pit reduces oscillation crosswise, another party in operation
It faces soil at hole center and plays broken conveying；The hydraulic motor (8) is fixed on elevator platform (12), is provided
The revolving speed of complex fertilizer of digging pit augers and torque；The conduction pipe (9) is welded on lower sleeve (6) discharge outlet, soil and
Fertilizer is smoothly backfilled to hole by the guiding role of conduction pipe (9) under the spiral throwing effect for complex fertilizer augers of digging pit
The middle sapling by conduction pipe central channel fills；The baffle (32) plays the work of closing lower sleeve discharge port
With taking away when backfilling job state baffle (32), soil and fertilizer are backfilled in hole by conduction pipe (9)；Described
Drill bit elevating mechanism is made of elevator platform (12), lifting hydraulic cylinder (29), line slide rail etc.；The elevator platform (12) is solid
It is scheduled on the top of upper bush (7), may be implemented by the movement to elevator platform (12) to above and below complex fertilizer augers of digging pit
It is mobile；The lifting hydraulic cylinder (29) is fixed between lower sleeve rack (5) and elevator platform (12), lifting hydraulic cylinder (29)
The flexible movement realized to elevator platform (12)；The straight line slide unit includes sliding rail (28), sliding block (27), bracket
(26), sliding rail (28) is fixed between the bracket (26) at both ends, and sliding block (27) welds together with elevator platform (12), bracket
(26) it is welded on lower sleeve rack (5), sliding carrier of the straight line slide unit as elevator platform (12).
As shown in Fig. 1,2,4, the irrigation device, including water tank (2), water pump (14), water pipe (10)；The water tank
(2) it is fixed on rack (4) first half, realizes that the storage to water source acts on；The water pump (14) is fixed on water tank (2), water
It pumps (14) and extract at water source from water tank (2) out, water pump (14) determines the working condition for pouring operation whether work；The water
Pipe (10) is fixed along journey, and conduction pipe (9) central channel side is fixed at water outlet, and water flow flows into hole along central channel.
A kind of working method for having loam blending backfill irrigation function fruit tree planting machine of the present invention, including following job step
It is rapid:
1) after machine reaches operating location, the handle in switching operation panel (13) makes machine stop advancing, and presses operation panel
(13) control button on, machine make the movement of procedure.
2) synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) elongation in quadrangle lifting device makes lower sleeve (6) and ground face contact, lifting hydraulic cylinder
(29) stop after being contracted to positioning drill bit (31) the insertion soil for complex fertilizer augers of digging pit, play fixed complex fertilizer auger of digging pit
The effect of head.Hydraulic motor (8) starting, complex fertilizer of digging pit augers start to dally, and can obtain before operation of digging pit certain
Rotary inertia.
3) lifting hydraulic cylinder (29) contracts last drives complex fertilizer augers decline of digging pit, while outer groove-wheel (25) is in motor
(24) lower progress fertilizer is driven, complex fertilizer of digging pit operation is synchronous to be carried out.When complex fertilizer augers of digging pit is dug to designated depth, lifting
Hydraulic cylinder (29) stops shrinking, and motor (24) stops operating, and hydraulic motor (8) persistently rotates, at this time by hole, upper bush (7),
Lower sleeve (6) and rise the confined space that native spiral (20) forms and reach minimum, soil and fertilizer can with mixing spiral (19) into
Row comes into full contact with, and uniform complex fertilizer is able under the rotation of hydraulic motor (8).After complex fertilizer is uniform, lifting hydraulic cylinder (29) elongation makes
Native spiral (20) bottom is risen just with discharge gate bottom in same plane.
4) synchronous hydraulic cylinder (1) is shunk, and so that apparatus for work is risen to backfill job state, conduction pipe (9) is located exactly at
Above hole, sapling is put in the center groove location of conduction pipe (9), baffle of taking away (32), uniformly mixed fertilizer by operating personnel
Material and soil are backfilled to hole through conduction pipe (9) under the throwing effect of liter native spiral (20) and fill to sapling, simultaneously
Water pump (14) is opened, and water flow is flowed down with the central channel of conduction pipe (9), and water pump (14) is closed after pouring a certain amount of water, is returned
It fills out operation completion rear hydraulic motor (8) to stop operating, so far completes and dig pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill, pour operation.
5) handle switched on operation panel (13) makes machine start to advance, and marches to next operating location forward.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of have loam blending backfill irrigation function fruit tree planting machine, it is characterised in that: including crawler-type mobile platform,
Parallelogram lifting device, apparatus for work and irrigation device；
The crawler-type mobile platform, including operation panel, engine, power supply, hydraulic pump, reduction gearbox, rack；The manipulation
Case is arranged in the outer edge of mobile platform, and shift, start and stop, steering and the work of crawler-type mobile platform are controlled convenient for operating personnel
The operation of industry device and irrigation device；The engine is fixed on mobile platform rack front end, is crawler-type mobile platform
Traveling and hydraulic pump provide driving source；The power supply is fixed on right part on front side of rack, provides electricity for direct current generator and water pump
Energy；The hydraulic pump is fixed on left part on front side of rack, and input shaft is connect by belt with engine output shaft, by engine
Liquid pressure energy needed for the mechanical energy of offer is converted to the hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor；The reduction gearbox
It is fixed on middle part on front side of rack, input shaft is connect by belt with engine output shaft, by the revolving speed of engine shaft and torsion
Square is matched and is transmitted, and has ensured the traveling demand of crawler-type mobile platform；The rack is for fixing parallelogram
Lifting device and irrigation device and placement to sapling, fertilizer；
The parallelogram lifting device, including movable connecting rod, fixed connecting rod, synchronous hydraulic cylinder；The movable connecting rod
It is two pairs, is connect with fixed connecting rod, lower sleeve rack according to parallelogram sturcutre；The fixation connecting rod is two, solid
Due to the fixed edge in rack, as parallelogram；The synchronous hydraulic cylinder includes the hydraulic cylinder of two identical parameters, cylinder
Body end is fixed in rack, and tailpiece of the piston rod is fixed on movable connecting rod, and parallel four side is utilized in synchronous hydraulic cylinder telescopic process
Shape opposite side feature parallel always can guarantee that apparatus for work is perpendicular with ground always, when synchronous hydraulic cylinder elongation, trap
Cylinder and ground face contact, this station digged pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer operation, and when synchronous hydraulic cylinder is shunk, lower sleeve leaves ground,
Conduction pipe is located exactly above hole, this station is backfilled, pours operation；
The apparatus for work, including fertilizer mechanism, complex fertilizer of digging pit backfilling mechanism, drill bit elevating mechanism；The fertilizer mechanism
Including direct current generator, fertilizer box, outer groove-wheel and fertilizer conduit, direct current generator drives outer groove-wheel rotation, makes the fertilizer in fertilizer box
It is delivered in upper bush through outer groove-wheel by fertilizer conduit, realizes fertilizer process；The complex fertilizer backfilling mechanism of digging pit includes upper set
Cylinder, lower sleeve, lower sleeve rack, complex fertilizer of digging pit augers, hydraulic motor, conduction pipe and baffle；The upper bush is same
Axis is nested in lower sleeve, and upper bush can move in lower sleeve along central axis；The lower sleeve and lower sleeve rack
Weld together, lower sleeve bottom is provided with discharge port, the discharge for soil and fertilizer；The lower sleeve rack is fixed in parallel
In on the movable connecting rod parallel with fixed connecting rod, the verticality on apparatus for work and ground ensure that, by lower sleeve rack
The mobile movement that may be implemented to entire apparatus for work；The complex fertilizer augers of digging pit includes screw rod, cutting tip, rises soil
Spiral, mixing spiral and positioning drill bit；The screw rod and hydraulic motor are concentric, the revolving speed that transmitting export by hydraulic motor with
Torque；The cutting tip rises native spiral, mixing spiral welded on screw rod, and the soil after cutting is realized through a liter native spiral
Spiral movement, fertilizer are acted on through the blending of mixing spiral by hole, upper bush, lower sleeve, liter after tentatively mixing with soil
It is uniform to reach complex fertilizer in the confined space of native spiral composition；The positioning drill bit is taper spiral bit, is welded on screw rod
Bottom, the complex fertilizer augers that on the one hand makes to dig pit reduces oscillation crosswise in operation, on the other hand for soil at hole center
Play broken conveying；The hydraulic motor is fixed on elevator platform, is provided the revolving speed for complex fertilizer augers of digging pit and is turned
Square；The conduction pipe is welded on lower sleeve discharge outlet, soil and fertilizer in the spiral throwing of complex fertilizer augers of digging pit
Lower be smoothly backfilled in hole by the guiding role of conduction pipe of effect carries out the sapling in conduction pipe central channel
Landfill；The baffle plays the role of closing lower sleeve discharge port, take away when backfilling job state baffle, soil and fertilizer
It is backfilled in hole by conduction pipe；The drill bit elevating mechanism is by groups such as elevator platform, lifting hydraulic cylinder, line slide rails
At；The elevator platform is fixed on the top of upper bush, may be implemented by the movement to elevator platform to complex fertilizer spiral shell of digging pit
Rotary drill moves up and down；The lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixed between lower sleeve rack and elevator platform, lifting hydraulic cylinder
The flexible movement realized to elevator platform；The straight line slide unit includes sliding rail, sliding block, bracket, and sliding rail is fixed on both ends
Between bracket, sliding block welds together with elevator platform, and bracket is welded in lower sleeve rack, and straight line slide unit is as elevator platform
Sliding carrier；
The irrigation device, including water tank, water pump, water pipe；The water tank is fixed on rack first half, realizes to water source
Storage effect；The water pump is fixed on water tank, and water pump extracts at water source from water tank out, and the work of water pump whether determines pouring
The working condition of operation；The water pipe is fixed along journey, and conduction pipe central channel side is fixed at water outlet.
2. a kind of working method for having loam blending backfill irrigation function fruit tree planting machine according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that comprising following work step:
1) after machine reaches operating location, switching the handle on operation panel makes machine stop advancing, and presses the control on operation panel
Button, machine make the movement of procedure；
2) the synchronous hydraulic cylinder elongation in quadrangle lifting device makes lower sleeve and ground face contact, and lifting hydraulic cylinder, which is contracted to, digs pit
Stop after the positioning drill bit insertion soil of complex fertilizer augers, plays the role of fixed complex fertilizer augers of digging pit.Hydraulic motor
Starting, complex fertilizer of digging pit augers start to dally, and certain rotary inertia can be obtained before operation of digging pit；
3) lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts last drives complex fertilizer augers decline of digging pit, while outer groove-wheel is arranged under motor drive
Fertilizer, complex fertilizer of digging pit operation is synchronous to be carried out.When complex fertilizer augers of digging pit is dug to designated depth, lifting hydraulic cylinder stops shrinking,
Fertilizer motor stalls, hydraulic motor persistently rotate, and are made of at this time hole, upper bush, lower sleeve and the native spiral of liter close
It closes space and reaches minimum, soil and fertilizer can be come into full contact with mixing spiral, be able under the rotation of hydraulic motor
Even complex fertilizer.After complex fertilizer is uniform, lifting hydraulic cylinder elongation makes liter native spiral bottom just with discharge gate bottom in same plane；
4) synchronous hydraulic cylinder is shunk, and apparatus for work is made to rise to backfill job state, and conduction pipe is located exactly above hole, is made
Sapling is put in the center groove location of conduction pipe, baffle of taking away, uniformly mixed fertilizer and soil in a liter native spiral by industry personnel
Throwing effect under be backfilled to hole through conduction pipe sapling filled, while water pump is opened, and water flow is with conduction pipe
Central channel flow down, pour water pump after a certain amount of water and close, backfill operation completes rear hydraulic motor and stops operating, and so far completes
It digs pit, fertilizer, complex fertilizer, backfill, pour operation；
5) handle switched on operation panel makes machine start to advance, and marches to next operating location forward.
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| CN110249751A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 广西职业技术学院 | A kind of afforestation plantation construction equipment |
| CN111165103A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-05-19 | 山东农业大学 | Intelligent fruit tree ridging and planting combined machine and method |
| CN112088746A (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2020-12-18 | 安徽佳洁面业股份有限公司 | Auxiliary device is planted to fruit tree |
| CN114793816A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Hoisting tractor |
| CN116201480A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江金峨生态建设有限公司 | Pit digging device for municipal road soft foundation construction and construction method thereof |
| CN116558874A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Agricultural contaminated site soil detection robot |
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| CN116558874A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Agricultural contaminated site soil detection robot |
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Application publication date: 20190702 |