CN109942399B - 将二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021605 Palladium(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N dibenzylideneacetone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Pd]Br INIOZDBICVTGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical class CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L acetonitrile;palladium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].CC#N.CC#N RBYGDVHOECIAFC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005911 haloform reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001979 organolithium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007248 oxidative elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
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Abstract
本发明涉及将二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及将二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸的方法。
背景技术
羧酸用于制备聚合物、药物、溶剂和食品添加剂。产生羧酸的路线通常包括烃、醇或醛的氧化、通过臭氧分解的烯烃的氧化裂解、甘油三酯、腈、酯或酰胺的水解、格氏或有机锂试剂的羧化,以及在卤仿反应中甲基酮的卤化和随后水解。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于可以将二异丁烯(DIBN)直接转化为羧酸的方法。
在本申请的上下文中,“直接转化”旨在表示反应在一个步骤中进行,即没有中间产物的分离或后处理等。
这不排除在反应过程中暂时形成直接进一步转化的中间体。
该目的通过根据权利要求1的方法实现。
包括下列方法步骤的方法:
a) 添加二异丁烯;
b) 添加包含通式(I)的化合物的络合物以及Pd,
或根据通式(I)的化合物和含Pd的物质
其中
R1、R2、R3、R4各自彼此独立地选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基;
R1、R2、R3、R4基团的至少之一是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
且
如果R1、R2、R3、R4是-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基或-(C6-C20)-杂芳基,
它们各自彼此独立地可以被一个或多个选自如下的取代基取代:
-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基-(C6-C20)-芳基、-O-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-S-(C1-C12)-烷基、-S-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-COO-(C1-C12)-烷基、-COO-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-CONH-(C1-C12)-烷基、-CONH-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-CO-(C1-C12)-烷基、-CO-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-N-[(C1-C12)-烷基]2、-(C6-C20)-芳基、-(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-COOH、-OH、-SO3H、-NH2、卤素;
c) 进料CO;
d) 将反应混合物加热以使得二异丁烯转化为羧酸,
其中二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸。
在所述方法的一个变体中,R1、R2、R3、R4基团的至少两个是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
R2是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基或选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基;
且R4选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
且R2和R4选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
且R2和R4是-(C1-C12)-烷基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,如果R1、R2、R3、R4是杂芳基,它们各自彼此独立地选自吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯并呋喃基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基。
在所述方法的一个变体中,化合物(I)具有结构(1):
在所述方法的一个变体中,方法步骤b)中的物质选自:
PdCl2、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd(dba)2 (dba = 二亚苄叉丙酮)、PdCl2(CH3CN)2。
在所述方法的一个变体中,方法步骤b)中的物质是Pd(acac)2。
在所述方法的一个变体中,所述方法包括额外的方法步骤e):
e) 添加乙酸。
在所述方法的一个变体中,所述方法包括额外的方法步骤f):
f) 添加水。
在所述方法的一个变体中,所述方法包括额外的方法步骤g):
g) 添加对甲苯磺酸(PTSA)。
在所述方法的一个变体中,在方法步骤d)中将反应混合物加热到80°C至160°C的温度。
在所述方法的一个优选变体中,在方法步骤d)中将反应混合物加热到100°C至140°C的温度。
在所述方法的一个变体中,在方法步骤c)中进料CO,以使得所述反应在20 bar至60 bar的CO压力下进行。
在所述方法的一个优选变体中,在方法步骤c)中进料CO,以使得所述反应在30bar至50 bar的CO压力下进行。
在所述方法的一个变体中,二异丁烯转化为化合物P1:
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例更详细地阐述本发明。
向4ml小瓶中装入[Pd(acac)2](3.05mg,0.25mol%)、配体(X)(20.64mg,1.0mol%)、对甲苯磺酸(28.5mg,3.75mol%)和经烘箱干燥的搅拌棒。然后用隔膜(经PTFE涂覆的苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶)和酚树脂盖密封小瓶。将小瓶抽真空并用氩气再填充三次。用注射器将H2O(0.5ml)、乙酸(1.5ml)和二异丁烯(DIBN)(4.0mmol)加入到小瓶中。将小瓶置于合金板中,该合金板转移至氩气气氛下的来自Parr Instruments的4560系列的高压釜(300ml)中。在用CO吹扫高压釜三次后,将CO压力增加到室温下40bar。反应在120℃下进行20小时。在反应结束后,将高压釜冷却到室温并小心地减压。然后加入异辛烷(100µl)作为内标。通过GC分析测量转化率。
进行上述实验,其中改变配体(X),X = 1至8。
结果汇编在下表中。
配体 | 收率(%) |
(1)* | > 99 |
(2) | 7 |
(3) | 39 |
(4) | 26 |
(5) | 16 |
(6) | 8 |
(7) | 13 |
(8) | 29 |
* 本发明的方法。
如实验结果所示,所述目的通过本发明的方法实现。
Claims (15)
1.将二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸的方法,其包括下列方法步骤:
a) 添加二异丁烯;
b) 添加包含通式(I)的化合物的络合物以及Pd,
或根据通式(I)的化合物和含Pd的物质
其中
R1、R2、R3、R4各自彼此独立地选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基;
R1、R2、R3、R4基团的至少之一是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基,
且
如果R1、R2、R3、R4是-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基或-(C3-C20)-杂芳基,
它们各自彼此独立地可以被一个或多个选自如下的取代基取代:
-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基-(C6-C20)-芳基、-O-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-S-(C1-C12)-烷基、-S-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-COO-(C1-C12)-烷基、-COO-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-CONH-(C1-C12)-烷基、-CONH-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-CO-(C1-C12)-烷基、-CO-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-N-[(C1-C12)-烷基]2、-(C6-C20)-芳基、-(C6-C20)-芳基-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C20)-杂芳基-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-COOH、-OH、-SO3H、-NH2、卤素;
c) 进料CO;
d) 将反应混合物加热以使得二异丁烯转化为羧酸,
其中二异丁烯直接转化为羧酸。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,
其中 R1、R2、R3、R4基团的至少两个是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基。
3.根据权利要求1或2任一项的方法,
其中R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基。
4.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
R2是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基或选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基;
且R4选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
5.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
且R2和R4选自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-环烷基、-(C3-C12)-杂环烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
6.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中R1和R3基团各自是具有至少六个环原子的-(C6-C20)-杂芳基;
且R2和R4是-(C1-C12)-烷基。
7.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中如果R1、R2、R3、R4是杂芳基,它们各自彼此独立地选自吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、苯并呋喃基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基。
9.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中方法步骤b)中的物质选自:
PdCl2、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd(dba)2、PdCl2(CH3CN)2,其中dba表示二亚苄叉丙酮。
10.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中所述方法包括额外的方法步骤e):
e) 添加乙酸。
11.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中所述方法包括额外的方法步骤f):
f) 添加水。
12.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中所述方法包括额外的方法步骤g):
g) 添加对甲苯磺酸。
13.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中将反应混合物在方法步骤d)中加热到80°C至160°C的温度。
14.根据权利要求1至2任一项的方法,
其中在方法步骤c)中进料CO以使得所述反应在20 bar至60 bar的CO压力下进行。
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