TWI786239B - 將二異丁烯直接轉化為羧酸的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
將二異丁烯直接轉化為羧酸的方法。
Description
本發明關於將二異丁烯直接轉化為羧酸的方法。
羧酸係用於製備聚合物、藥品、溶劑及食品添加劑。獲致羧酸的途徑通常包括:烴、醇或醛的氧化,藉由臭氧分解(ozonolysis)之烯烴的氧化斷裂(oxidative cleavage),三酸甘油酯、腈、酯或醯胺的水解,格任亞(Grignard)或有機鋰試劑之羧化(carboxylation),以及甲基酮類(methyl ketones)在鹵仿反應(haloform reaction)中之鹵化(halogenation)及隨後的水解。
本發明之目的係提供可將二異丁烯(DIBN)直接轉化為羧酸的方法。
本案之文中,“直接轉化(direct conversion)”係意指反應於一步驟中發生,即,毋需分離或後處理(work-up)或類似中間產物。
這並不排除在反應過程中形成中間物其係繼續直接轉化。
藉由如申請專利範圍第1項之方法達成目的。
方法係包括下列方法步驟:
a) 添加二異丁烯;
b) 添加複合物(complex),其包含通式(I)化合物以及Pd、
或根據通式(I)之化合物及包含Pd之物質
其中
R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
係各自獨立地選自-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、
-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基、
-(C3
-C20
)-雜芳基;
R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
基團中之至少一者為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基;
以及
R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
,若彼等為-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基、-(C3
-C20
)-雜芳基或-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基,
則可各自獨立地經選自下列之一或更多取代基所取代:
-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基-(C6
-C20
)-芳基、
-O-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-S-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-S-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-COO-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-COO-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、
-CONH-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-CONH-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、
-CO-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-CO-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-N-[(C1
-C12
)-烷基]2
、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、
-(C6
-C20
)-芳基-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C20
)-雜芳基、
-(C3
-C20
)-雜芳基-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C20
)-雜芳基-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-COOH、-OH、-SO3
H、-NH2
、鹵素;
c) 饋入CO;
d) 加熱反應混合物以使二異丁烯轉化為羧酸,
其中,二異丁烯係直接轉化為羧酸。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
基團中之至少兩者為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
及R3
基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
及R3
基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基;
R2
為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基或係選自-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、
-(C6
-C20
)-芳基;
以及R4
係選自-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、
-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
及R3
基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基;
以及R2
及R4
係選自-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-環烷基、-(C3
-C12
)-雜環烷基、-(C6
-C20
)-芳基。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
及R3
基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6
-C20
)-雜芳基;
以及R2
及R4
為-(C1
-C12
)-烷基。
在該方法之一變化方案中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
,若彼等為雜芳基,則係各自獨立地選自吡啶基(pyridyl)、嗒基(pyridazinyl)、嘧啶基(pyrimidyl)、吡基(pyrazinyl)、苯并呋喃基(benzofuranyl)、吲哚基(indolyl)、異吲哚基(isoindolyl)、苯并咪唑基(benzimidazolyl)、喹啉基(quinolyl)、異喹啉基(isoquinolyl)。
在該方法之一變化方案中,化合物(I)具有結構(1):
在該方法之一變化方案中,方法步驟b)中的物質係選自:
PdCl2
、PdBr2
、Pd(acac)2
、Pd(dba)2
(dba=二亞苄丙酮(dibenzylideneacetone))、PdCl2
(CH3
CN)2
。
在該方法之一變化方案中,方法步驟b)中的物質為Pd(acac)2
。
在該方法之一變化方案中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟e):
e) 添加乙酸。
在該方法之一變化方案中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟f):
f) 添加水。
在該方法之一變化方案中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟g):
g) 添加對甲苯磺酸(p-toluenesulfonic acid) (PTSA)。
在該方法之一變化方案中,方法步驟d)中,該反應混合物係加熱至80℃至160℃範圍之溫度。
在該方法之一較佳變化方案中,方法步驟d)中,該反應混合物係加熱至100℃至140℃範圍之溫度。
在該方法之一變化方案中,於方法步驟c)中饋入CO,使反應在20巴(bar)至60巴範圍之CO壓力下進行。
在該方法之一較佳變化方案中,於方法步驟c)中饋入CO,使反應在30巴至50巴範圍之CO壓力下進行。
在該方法之一變化方案中,二異丁烯轉化為化合物P1
:
藉由以下實施例更詳細闡述本發明。
在4 ml之瓶中裝入[Pd(acac)2
] (3.05 mg,0.25 mol%)、配體(ligand) (X
) (20.64 mg,1.0 mol%)、對甲苯磺酸(28.5 mg,3.75 mol%)以及經烘箱乾燥之攪拌棒。接著以隔膜(septa)(PTFE-塗覆之苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠)及酚樹脂蓋密封該瓶。該瓶係抽空(evacuate)及再充入(refill)氬,三次。以注射器將H2
O(0.5 ml)、乙酸(1.5 ml)及二異丁烯(DIBN) (4.0 mmol)添加至該瓶。將該瓶置於合金板(alloy plate),將其移至高壓釜(autoclave)(300 ml)(4560系列,來自Parr Instruments)(在氬氣氛下)。高壓釜以CO沖洗三次後,CO壓力提高至40巴(室溫)。反應係於120℃進行20小時(h)。於反應結尾,將高壓釜冷卻至室溫且小心地減壓。接著添加異辛烷(100 µl)作為內標(internal standard)。以GC分析來量測轉化。
變化配體(X
),X=1
至8
,進行上述試驗。
結果彙整於下表。
如試驗結果所示,以根據本發明之方法達成目的。
Claims (15)
- 一種將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其包括下列方法步驟:a)添加二異丁烯;b)添加複合物(complex),其包含通式(I)化合物以及Pd、或根據通式(I)之化合物及包含Pd之物質
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,R1、R2、R3、R4基團中之至少兩者為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,R1及R3基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法, 其中,R1及R3基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基;R2為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基或係選自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-環烷基、-(C3-C12)-雜環烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基;以及R4係選自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-環烷基、-(C3-C12)-雜環烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,R1及R3基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基;以及R2及R4係選自-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C3-C12)-環烷基、-(C3-C12)-雜環烷基、-(C6-C20)-芳基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,R1及R3基團各為具有至少六個環原子之-(C6-C20)-雜芳基;以及R2及R4為-(C1-C12)-烷基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,方法步驟b)中的物質係選自:PdCl2、PdBr2、Pd(acac)2、Pd(dba)2(dba=二亞苄丙酮(dibenzylideneacetone))、PdCl2(CH3CN)2。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的 方法,其中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟e):e)添加乙酸。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟f):f)添加水。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,該方法包括另外的方法步驟g):g)添加對甲苯磺酸。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,方法步驟d)中,該反應混合物係加熱至80℃至160℃範圍之溫度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之將二異丁烯轉化為羧酸的方法,其中,於方法步驟c)中饋入CO,使反應在20巴至60巴範圍之CO壓力下進行。
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WO2014005854A1 (de) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-01-09 | Oxea Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von isononylderivaten |
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PL3502084T3 (pl) | 2020-07-13 |
EP3502084A1 (de) | 2019-06-26 |
ZA201808493B (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3502084B1 (de) | 2020-02-12 |
TW201932442A (zh) | 2019-08-16 |
JP6714679B2 (ja) | 2020-06-24 |
US20190194109A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
MX2018015526A (es) | 2019-06-24 |
CN109942399A (zh) | 2019-06-28 |
MY197650A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
JP2019112393A (ja) | 2019-07-11 |
CA3028185C (en) | 2021-02-02 |
CA3028185A1 (en) | 2019-06-21 |
US10544079B2 (en) | 2020-01-28 |
CN109942399B (zh) | 2021-11-30 |
ES2785564T3 (es) | 2020-10-07 |
KR102147735B1 (ko) | 2020-08-25 |
KR20190075840A (ko) | 2019-07-01 |
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