CN109928767B - Wet low-temp powder-making process for ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wet-process powder preparation of ceramics, in particular to a wet-process low-temperature powder preparation process of ceramics; the method comprises the following steps of 1, dehydrating slurry to obtain pug; step 2, drying the pug at a low temperature to obtain dried pug blocks with preset water content; step 3, crushing the dried mud block into powder particles with a certain particle size; the ceramic powder production process improves the traditional process of drying ceramic slurry by adopting a spray drying tower, effectively utilizes the waste heat of a kiln to dry small ceramic pugs or ceramic particles, greatly reduces the energy consumption in the ceramic production process and improves the production benefit.

Description

Wet low-temp powder-making process for ceramics

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wet ceramic powder preparation, in particular to a wet low-temperature ceramic powder preparation process.

Background

The ceramic industry is a high-energy-consumption and high-pollution industry. The wet powder process is an important process in the production process of ceramic products.

The traditional wet-process powder-making process flow comprises the steps of material preparation, ball milling and pulping, sieving, iron removal, spray drying and granulation. Wherein, the process of spray drying granulation is mainly carried out in a spray drying tower, the spray drying tower is the main equipment for heat energy consumption and conversion, and the energy consumption accounts for more than 35 percent of the total cost of ceramic production.

The process of spray drying granulation is generally that ceramic slurry containing 30-40% of water is pressurized by a plunger pump and sprayed into a spray drying tower by a spray gun meeting the aperture requirement, meanwhile, high-temperature hot air (800-1050 ℃ in the furnace) generated by combustion of a hot blast stove enters the spray drying tower, the hot air flowing rapidly in the spray drying tower is fully contacted with atomized slurry droplets, the water in the slurry droplets is taken away rapidly, the slurry droplets with the water evaporated are pumped away by a negative pressure draught fan together with waste gas in the slurry droplets, and the slurry droplets are changed into ceramic powder particles.

This way of dry granulation presents the following problems:

1. the hot blast stove provides a heat source for the spray drying tower, most of fuels of the hot blast stove are coal fuels such as coal water slurry or coal dust, and the like, and the combustion of the coal fuel can discharge a large amount of pollutants such as SOx, NOx, dust and the like, which are main pollution sources in the ceramic production process, although the current enterprises are provided with post-treatment devices to solve the pollution problems, the acquisition and operation costs of the post-treatment devices are high, the production cost of the enterprises is increased, and the post-treatment devices do not meet the energy-saving emission-reduction requirements required by the state;

2. the energy consumption is large, every 100 tons of powder are prepared, 70KG of coal fuel and 15 degrees of comprehensive electricity consumption are needed in the drying mode, and the drying cost is very high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process, aiming at solving the problems of high energy consumption, high pollution and high cost of the traditional wet powder making process.

In order to achieve the functions, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a ceramic wet-process low-temperature powder making process comprises the following steps:

step 1, dehydrating the slurry to obtain pug;

step 2, drying the pug at a low temperature to obtain dried pug blocks with preset water content;

and 3, crushing and granulating the dried mud blocks to obtain powder particles with the particle size meeting the requirement.

Preferably, before drying, the pug is divided into small pugs, and the small pugs are in the shape of sheets, blocks and/or strips.

Preferably, the water content of the blocky pug in the step 1 is 18-25%.

Preferably, the temperature of the low temperature state in the step 2 is between 80 ℃ and 250 ℃.

Preferably, the predetermined moisture content of the dried clods in step 2 is between 7% and 10%.

Preferably, the low temperature state is realized by using the waste heat of the kiln or/and the hot air of the hot air blower.

Preferably, the ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process further comprises:

step 4, optimizing abrasive particles; and (4) putting the powder particle obtained in the step (3) into a grinding machine, and grinding the surface of the powder particle.

Preferably, the small pug in the step 3 is dried in a flat spreading state. Preferably, before optimizing the abrasive particles, the reinforcing agent is added to the powder particles, and the powder particles are mixed and then put into an abrasive machine.

Preferably, screening the powder particles to separate finished powder meeting the particle size requirement, and screening powder dust with an excessively small particle size; and extruding the powder dust to form a block material.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ceramic powder production process improves the traditional process of drying ceramic slurry by adopting a spray drying tower, and the obtained dried powder particles have the characteristic of low water content by sequentially carrying out dehydration treatment, low-temperature drying treatment and crushing treatment on the slurry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed mud cutting device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mud cutting mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the feed hopper;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the ceramic pug drying apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of the ceramic pug drying apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the ceramic mud drying apparatus;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ceramic mud crushing apparatus;

FIG. 9 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the ceramic mud crushing apparatus;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the crushing mechanism;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the engagement of the demolition hammer and the blade;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a discharging mechanism;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the active rolling cage;

FIG. 14 is a front view of the grinder;

fig. 15 is a left side view of the grinder;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the pressing apparatus;

fig. 17 is a schematic view of the cooperation of two squeeze rolls.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows:

the invention will be further elucidated with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 17:

the ceramic wet-process low-temperature powder-making process shown in fig. 1 comprises the working procedures of material preparation, ball milling, sieving, iron removal and slurry tank homogenization in sequence, so that slurry with the water content of 30-40% is obtained, the working procedures are the same as the related working procedures of the traditional wet-process powder-making process, and the existing equipment and technology are adopted for processing in practice. In this embodiment, a plurality of parts of raw materials prepared in advance are mixed according to a certain proportion requirement to obtain required mixed powder, the mixed powder is sent into a ball milling mechanism for ball milling treatment to obtain fine powder with a preset fineness, the fine powder is sieved and deironized to remove scrap iron and impurities in the fine powder, and the purified powder after deironing and sieving is sent into a slurry tank for homogenization treatment to obtain required slurry.

The process of the invention also comprises the following steps of drying the slurry:

step 1, dehydrating the slurry to obtain pug;

step 2, drying the pug at a low temperature to obtain dried pug blocks with preset water content;

and 3, crushing the dried mud blocks into powder particles with a certain particle size.

In the step 1, the slurry can be dehydrated by adopting the existing dehydration equipment, the existing dehydration equipment mainly has two types, and one type is the dehydration by adopting a centrifugal machine or a vacuum dehydrator; another type is dewatering using a filter press. Mud obtained from the slurry treated by the centrifugal machine or the vacuum dehydrator is small in volume, the length of the largest edge of the mud is less than 5cm, and the mud can be directly dried due to the small volume; the blocky mud obtained by processing the slurry by using a filter press is large in volume and not beneficial to drying, and the blocky mud needs to be divided into small mud with the thickness of less than 5cm at the thickest part; the small pug is in the shape of a sheet, a block and/or a strip.

In this embodiment, a Jingjin single-chamber feeding filter press manufactured by Jingjin environmental protection products Co., Ltd is used to dewater slurry, and the slurry with water content of 30-40% is dewatered to block-shaped slurry (filter cake) with water content of 18-25%. Although the equipment is used for treating the gold concentrate and the tailings in the gold industry, the effect of the equipment is obvious when the equipment is applied to the ceramic slurry dehydration of the embodiment, the obtained filter cake is uniform in thickness, the filter cake is a cuboid, the length of the largest side of the filter cake is about 2m, and the thickness of the filter cake is about 4 cm. The filter cake is large in length, and the filter cake needs to be primarily crushed to obtain pug small in length so as to facilitate subsequent production procedures. In this embodiment, for realizing automated production, we set up the conveyer belt in the below of pressure filter, and the filter cake after the dehydration drops down on the conveyer belt to being carried outward by the conveyer belt, in the terminal outside of conveyer belt, apart from terminal about 10cm department, be provided with a rotatory cutter, when the filter cake is sent out the conveyer belt end, when getting into the cutting range of cutter, just cut into the fritter, after preliminary breakage, the filter cake is cut apart into the little clod that the length of a side is 5cm ~ 20 cm. Of course, other methods such as manual crushing can be used to perform the preliminary treatment of the filter cake.

The small mud blocks obtained after the primary treatment have larger volume, and a high-speed mud cutting device is required to crush the small mud blocks. As shown in fig. 2, the high-speed mud cutting device comprises a base 11, a mud cutting bin 12 and a mud cutting mechanism 13, wherein the mud cutting bin 12 is cylindrical and is fixedly arranged on the base 11; a beam 14 is arranged at the top of the mud cutting bin 12, and the mud cutting mechanism 13 is fixedly arranged on the beam 14; the feed hopper 15 is arranged above the mud cutting bin 12, the feed hopper 15 is fixed on the cross beam 14, the mud discharging bin 16 is arranged below the feed hopper 15, and the mud discharging bin 16 is installed on the base 11.

The mud cutting mechanism 13 shown in fig. 2 and 3 comprises a rotating shaft 131, a motor 132 and 3 mud cutting knives 133, wherein the rotating shaft 131 is rotatably mounted on the cross beam 14, the motor 132 is fixedly mounted on the cross beam 14 and connected with the rotating shaft 131 through a pulley set, the rotating shaft 131 is driven to rotate, the 3 mud cutting knives 133 are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 131 from top to bottom along the rotating shaft 131, the portion provided with the mud cutting knives 133 is located in the mud cutting bin 12, and the rotating shaft 131 is coaxial with the mud cutting bin 12.

As shown in fig. 3, the longitudinal section of the feeding hopper 15 is in a shape of "herringbone", and has 1 inlet 151 and 2 outlets 152, and a sharp material separating edge 153 is disposed in the middle, and the material separating edge 153 is used to divide the filter cake falling into the feeding hopper 15, so that the filter cake can uniformly fall into the mud cutting bin 12 along two directions, thereby increasing the mud cutting speed of the mud cutting knife 133, and making the volume of the small mud material after cutting smaller.

As shown in fig. 3, each mud cutter 133 has 3 blades 1331, and two adjacent mud cutters 133 are arranged in a staggered manner, i.e. the two adjacent blades 1331 are not in the same direction, so as to improve the cutting efficiency of the mud cutter 133. In addition, the number of the mud cutters 133 and the number of the blades 1331 on each mud cutter 133 can be increased or decreased according to the volume of the small mud materials required after cutting.

The mud outlet bin 16 is conical or round table-shaped, and the opening at the upper part is larger than the opening at the lower part so as to be convenient for collecting small mud materials. In order to observe the working condition of the mud cutting mechanism 13 conveniently, a bin door 121 is arranged in the middle of the mud cutting bin 12, and the bin door 121 is made of a transparent acrylic plate.

The high-speed mud cutting device is provided with a mud cutting bin 12 and a mud cutting mechanism 13, a feed hopper 15 with 1 inlet and 2 outlets is arranged on the mud cutting bin 12, small mud blocks fall into the feed hopper 15 and are divided into two parts by the feed hopper 15 and respectively enter the mud cutting bin 12 from two outlets 152 of a feed inlet, and 3 mud cutting knives 133 rotating at a high speed from top to bottom on the mud cutting mechanism 13 gradually divide the small mud blocks into small mud materials with sizes meeting requirements.

The small mud blocks are cut for many times by the mud cutter 133 and can be divided into small mud materials with the grain diameter of about 1 cm-3 cm, so as to facilitate the subsequent drying process.

Fig. 5 to 7 show a ceramic pug drying device adopted in the embodiment, which comprises a drying box 21, a conveying device 22, a hot air conveying pipeline 23, a moisture discharging main pipeline 24, a moisture discharging fan 25 and a circulating fan 26.

The front part of the drying box 21 is a hot air cavity 211, and the rear part is a drying cavity 212. The conveying device 22 comprises 5 conveying belts, and the front part and the rear part of each conveying belt are respectively provided with a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the driving wheels are fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the motor and driven by the motor to rotate. The 5 conveying belts are sequentially arranged in the drying cavity 212 from top to bottom, one end of each conveying belt is a feeding end, the other end of each conveying belt is a blanking end, the 5 conveying belts are 4 chain-link type mesh belts and 1 conveying belt, and the conveying belts are arranged at the lowest layer; on the drying cavity 212, a material baffle 2121 is obliquely arranged at the tail part of the blanking end of the conveying belt, so that small pugs are ensured to completely fall from the blanking end of the previous layer to the feeding end of the next layer.

In order to heat the small pug more uniformly, 3 stirring rods 29 are uniformly arranged above each chain type mesh belt along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, a plurality of strip-shaped stirring pieces are uniformly arranged on each stirring rod 29 along the circumferential direction, and the stirring rods are driven by a motor to rotate. When the small pug is conveyed below the stirring rod 29 along the chain type mesh belt, the rotary stirring piece turns over the small pug above the chain type mesh belt, so that the small pug is heated more uniformly, and the small pug is ensured to be uniformly dried.

Along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, a plurality of hot air through holes 2131 are uniformly formed in the upper parts and the lower parts of the partition plates 213 of the hot air cavity 211 and the drying cavity 212 respectively, the hot air through holes 2131 in the upper parts are positioned above the chain type mesh belt on the uppermost layer, and the hot air through holes 2131 in the lower parts are positioned between the chain type mesh belt on the lowermost layer and the conveying belt; the upper part of the hot air cavity 211 is uniformly provided with a plurality of hot air inlets 2111, and the hot air inlets 2111 are respectively communicated with one end of the hot air conveying pipeline 23. The other end of the hot air conveying pipeline 23 is respectively communicated with an exhaust pipe of the kiln and an air outlet of the air heater, and the middle part of the hot air conveying pipeline 23 is also provided with an air blower. In the actual use process, when the residual heat energy of the kiln achieves the low-temperature state required by the powder making process, namely the temperature in the drying box body 21 is between 80 and 250 ℃, the residual heat energy of the kiln is directly used for drying the small pug, so that the maximum energy-saving effect is achieved; when the residual heat of the kiln is insufficient, the hot air heater is started to supplement hot air so as to ensure that the drying equipment can work normally. The temperature in the drying box 21 can be detected by arranging a temperature sensor in the drying box 21, and can be controlled by controlling the start and stop of the hot air blower, which are common technical means in the technical field and the principle of which is not described herein again.

The middle of the top of the drying cavity 212 is uniformly provided with a plurality of circulating fans 26 along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and hot air in the hot air cavity 211 circularly flows in the drying cavity 212 through the circulating fans 26. The top of drying cavity 212 evenly is provided with a plurality of at the one end of keeping away from hot-blast import 2111 along the direction of delivery of conveyer belt and dehumidifies the mouth, and in this embodiment, the length of drying cavity 212 is about 20m, is equipped with 9 and dehumidifies the mouth altogether, and every 3 are dehumidified the mouth and divide the pipeline 27 for a set of dehumidification and connect, and every is dehumidified and divide pipeline 27 and divide the pipeline 25 and communicate with the main pipeline 24 of hydrofuge respectively, takes out the damp wind in drying cavity 212 through the hydrofuge fan 25. An adjusting valve 28 is arranged between the dehumidifying fan 25 and the dehumidifying branch pipe 27, and the air outlet quantity is adjusted through the adjusting valve 28, so that the dehumidifying speed is adjusted.

In this embodiment, the small mud is uniformly sprinkled on the feeding end of the chain type mesh belt on the uppermost layer of the ceramic mud drying equipment by the swing cloth belt conveyor 6, the small mud moves from the feeding end to the blanking end along the chain type mesh belt, and then falls from the blanking end to the feeding end of the next layer of chain type mesh belt, the mud is reciprocated downwards in this way, the dried mud blocks after final drying are conveyed out of the drying box 21 through a conveying belt, in the process, the waste heat of the kiln and/or the hot air generated by the hot air blower enter the hot air conveying pipeline 23 through the blower, then pass through the hot air cavity 211 and pass through the upper and lower rows of hot air through holes 2131 of the partition plate 213 under the action of the circulating fan 26, the hot air circulates up and down in the drying cavity 212, so that the hot air is ensured to be fully contacted with the small mud materials, the dried hot air gradually takes away the moisture on the small mud materials, and then the small mud materials are changed into wet hot air with lower temperature and are discharged into the moisture exhaust main pipeline 24 through the moisture exhaust fan. After the small pug is dried by the drying box 21, the water content of the small pug is reduced to 7 to 10 percent at most, and the small pug is conveyed out of the drying box 21 by a conveying belt. The oscillating distributor belt conveyor 6 is a feeding device commonly used in the drying industry, and the structure thereof is only required by referring to market selling products, and the principle thereof is not described herein in detail.

The dehumidifying fan 25 and the circulating fan 26 are referred to in the specification for convenience of description, and they are named according to their use in the specification, and may be any fans that can be used in commercial products.

In the second step, the small pug is spread by swinging the material distribution belt conveyor 6 and uniformly sprayed on the chain type mesh belt to carry out low-temperature drying treatment, so that the small pug is ensured to be fully contacted with dry hot air, and the drying efficiency is accelerated. Secondly, the temperature in the drying cavity 212 of the embodiment is between 80 ℃ and 250 ℃, and the water in the small pug can be rapidly evaporated by setting the temperature.

In the third step, the dried mud blocks are quickly crushed and granulated by ceramic mud crushing and granulating equipment.

The ceramic pug crushing and granulating equipment shown in fig. 8 and 9 comprises a crushing bin 31, a crushing assembly 32 and a discharging mechanism 33, wherein the crushing assembly 32 is arranged in the crushing bin 31, and the discharging mechanism 33 is arranged below the crushing bin 31.

The crushing assembly 32 comprises a rotating shaft 321, a motor A322, 8 crushing mechanisms 323 and 2 circular arc-shaped screens 324, wherein each 4 crushing mechanisms 323 correspond to one circular arc-shaped screen 324, and the crushing mechanisms 323 are approximately and uniformly fixed on the rotating shaft 321; the circular arc-shaped screen 324 is coaxial with the rotating shaft 321 and is fixedly installed right below the rotating shaft 321, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circular arc-shaped screen 324, and the diameter of each through hole is 0.5-1.5 mm. The diameter of the through hole determines the maximum particle size of the crushed and granulated powder particles, and the diameter of the through hole can be set according to the actual production requirement. Two ends of the rotating shaft 321 respectively penetrate out of the crushing bin 31, the two ends are rotatably mounted on the crushing bin 31 through bearings, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the motor A322 through a gearbox, and the motor A322 drives the rotating shaft 321 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 10, the crushing mechanism 323 includes 2 turrets 3231, 12 blades 3232, and 6 crushing hammers 3233; the 2 rotating frames 3231 are arranged in a left-right mirror direction, and 6 blades 3232 are uniformly fixed on the circumference direction of each rotating frame 3231; the hammer 3233 is in the form of a long bar, and left and right ends thereof are fixed to the distal end portions of the left and right blades 3232, respectively. Of course, in actual use, the number of the crushing mechanisms 323 and the number of the crushing hammers 3233 on each crushing mechanism 323 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The extreme end of the breaker 3233 has a clearance with the circular arc shaped screen 324, which we refer to as a friction clearance, which in this embodiment is about 1 mm.

The breaking hammer 3233 includes a connecting member 32331 and a hammer body 32332; as shown in fig. 11, the tail end of the blade 3232 is provided with a plurality of anti-slip grooves 32321, the lower surface of the connector 32331 fixed in cooperation with the blade 3232 is correspondingly provided with an anti-slip strip 323311, and the middle of the upper top surface is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the hammer body 32332. In this embodiment, the hammer body 32332 is made of ceramic, and the ceramic has high hardness and high density, which is beneficial to improving the striking effect and the service life of the breaking hammer 3233.

As shown in fig. 12, the discharging mechanism 33 includes a discharging belt 331, an active rolling cage 332, a passive rolling cage 333, a motor B334, and a discharging belt holder 335; the driving rolling cage 332 and the driven rolling cage 333 are rotatably arranged on the discharging belt frame 335, and the motor B334 is connected with the driving rolling cage 332 and drives the driving rolling cage 332 to rotate; the material outlet belt 331 is sleeved on the active rolling cage 332 and the passive rolling cage 333.

In this embodiment, the driving roller cage 332 and the driven roller cage are in the shape of a spinning cone. The structure of the active roller cage 332 is the same as that of the passive roller cage 333 except that one end of the rotating shaft 3321 is long due to the need to be connected to the motor B334 and provided with a connecting structure. The structures of the active roller cage 332 will be described below by taking the example of the both.

As shown in fig. 13, the active roll cage 332 comprises a rotating shaft 3321, a front mounting plate 3322, a rear mounting plate 3323, a support plate 3323, and a plurality of cage bars 3324; the front mounting plate 3322, the rear mounting plate 3323 and the support plate 3323 are cylindrical and the cross-sectional diameter of the support plate 3323 is larger than that of the front mounting plate 3322 and the rear mounting plate 3323, and the front mounting plate 3322, the rear mounting plate 3323 and the support plate 3323 are fixed to the front end, the rear end and the middle of the rotary shaft 3321, respectively; a plurality of cage bars 3324 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 3321, and the front, rear and middle portions of the cage bars 3324 are fixed to the front mounting plate 3322, the rear mounting plate 3323 and the support plate 3323, respectively, thereby forming a spindle-shaped cage body.

The discharging mechanism 33 further comprises 9 upper supporting rollers 337 and 3 lower supporting rollers 336, the upper supporting rollers 337 are uniformly arranged on the discharging belt frame 335, and the upper supporting rollers 337 are in contact with the lower surface of the discharging belt 331. The upper supporting roller 337 is used to support the discharging belt 331 and prevent the discharging belt 331 from being deformed due to excessive load when powder particles are conveyed. In addition, in order to prevent the powder particles from spilling from the front and back sides of the discharging belt 331 during the feeding process of the discharging belt 331, the front and back sides of the discharging belt 331 are provided with retaining edges 311.

When in use, the dried mud falls into the crushing bin 31 of the crushing device from the feeding hole above the crushing device; the dried mud is broken into large particles falling onto the circular arc-shaped screen 324 after being cut and impacted by the breaking hammers 3233 rotating at high speed in the breaking bin 31, the continuous circumferential rotation of the breaking hammers 3233 can continuously collide with the large particles sinking onto the circular arc-shaped screen 324 to drive the large particles to circularly throw above the circular arc-shaped screen 324, and therefore the large particles are gradually collided and broken into small particles with small particle size; when the breaker 3233 rotates above the circular arc-shaped screen 324, the small particles with small particle size on the circular arc-shaped screen 324 are pressed into the friction gap between the breaker 3233 and the circular arc-shaped screen 324 by the rotation of the breaker 3233, and the small particles pressed into the friction gap rub against the through holes on the circular arc-shaped screen 324, so that the small particles are rubbed to form ultra-small particle size particles, and the ultra-small particle size particles are finally passed through the through holes on the circular arc-shaped screen 324, dropped onto the discharging belt 331 and transported out through the above-mentioned crushing and rubbing granulation.

In the process of the invention, the powder particles are further subjected to optimized abrasive particles, namely, the powder particles are ground to enable the surfaces of the powder particles to be smoother. The purpose of optimizing the abrasive grains is to increase the flowability of the powder, adjust the grain composition of the grains and adjust the volume weight of the grains. In this embodiment, the process of optimizing the abrasive particles is performed by using an abrasive machine.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the abrasive machine includes a mount 41, an abrasive drum 42, and a motor 43. The abrasive cylinder 42 is cylindrical, and an opening thereof is obliquely and rotatably provided on the mounting base 41. Circular recess 421 has been seted up in the middle part of abrasive cylinder 42's surface, and motor 43 fixed mounting installs the belt pulley on the output shaft of motor 43 on mount pad 41, and the belt cover is established on circular recess 421 and belt pulley, through the indirect drive abrasive cylinder 42 rotation of motor 43.

The outer surface of abrasive material cylinder 42 evenly is provided with 4 rolling sand grips 422 along its radial direction, and every rolling sand grip 422 corresponds and is provided with the wheel 44 that rolls, and the wheel 44 that rolls is rotatable to be installed on mount pad 41, supports abrasive material cylinder 42 through the wheel 44 that rolls, reduces the frictional force between abrasive material cylinder 42 and the mount pad 41 simultaneously, makes it change easily and rotates.

The left end and the right end of the grinding material cylinder 42 are respectively provided with a limit convex strip 423, and the limit convex strips 423 are used for preventing the grinding material cylinder 42 from shifting left and right. The left end and the right end of the mounting base 41 are respectively provided with a limiting roller 45 matched with the limiting convex strip 423.

After the powder particles are put into the grinding cylinder 42, the motor 43 drives the grinding cylinder 42 to rotate, and the powder particles or the powder particles in the grinding cylinder 42 rub against the inside of the grinding cylinder 42, so that the surface of the powder particles is polished, and the abrasive particles are optimized.

The powder particles after the abrasive material optimization treatment are subjected to a particle size screening process, so that powder dust with an excessively small particle size is screened out, in this embodiment, powder dust with a particle size of 0.05 mm-0.18 mm is screened out, finished powder meeting the particle size requirement is sorted out, and the finished powder is sent to a preset finished product bin to be stored for later use.

Example two:

the present embodiment is an improvement on the basis of the first embodiment, and one embodiment of the present invention is different in that:

before powder particles are ground by using a grinding machine, a reinforcing agent is added into the powder particles, and then the mixed powder particles are ground by the grinding machine. So that the reinforcing agent is adhered to the surfaces of the powder particles after the optimized grinding material treatment.

The function of the reinforcing agent adhered to the surface of the powder particles is to prevent the powder particles from being broken in the subsequent process and to improve the viscosity of the powder particles.

As the reinforcing agent, various reinforcing agents which are currently commercially available and used for ceramic green bodies can be used, and in this example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose is used as the reinforcing agent.

Example three:

the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

In this example, the powder dust having an excessively small particle size obtained in example one and example two was collected and extruded.

The extrusion is performed by an extrusion device, as shown in fig. 16, the extrusion device includes a working bin 51 and two extrusion rollers 52 arranged in the working bin 51, the two extrusion rollers 52 are parallel and rotate oppositely, and both ends of the extrusion roller 52 are fixedly installed in the working bin 51 through bearing seats. The output end of the extrusion motor 101 is in transmission with the input end of the speed reducer 102 through a transmission belt, the output end of the speed reducer 102 is in transmission with the coupler 103, the coupler 103 is in transmission connection with the end of one of the extrusion rollers 52, the end parts of the same sides of the two extrusion rollers 52 are respectively provided with a transmission gear 123 in meshing transmission, so that the extrusion motor 101 drives one extrusion roller 52 to rotate through the speed reducer 102 and the coupler 103, the other extrusion roller 52 is driven to rotate by utilizing the two meshing transmission gears 123, and finally the action that the two extrusion rollers 52 rotate in opposite directions is realized. As shown in fig. 17, a plurality of extrusion grooves 521 which are annularly arranged and extend along the axial direction of the extrusion rollers 52 are formed on the surface of each extrusion roller 52, and the extrusion grooves 521 on the surfaces of the two extrusion rollers 52 correspond one to meet with the rotation of the two extrusion rollers 52 to form extrusion cavities 522 at the positions where the surfaces are tangent. A blanking hopper 53 is provided above the working bin 51 of the present embodiment. The powder dust is conveyed to the roll surfaces of the two squeezing rolls 52 from the blanking hopper 53, the squeezing grooves 521 are filled, and the powder dust rotates along with the two squeezing rolls 52 in opposite directions, so that a squeezing cavity 522 is formed at the tangent position of the roll surfaces to realize the extrusion forming of the powder dust, and then block materials with the same shape as the squeezing cavity 522 are obtained, and the block materials are discharged along with the rotation action of the two squeezing rolls 52.

The block materials are crushed and granulated by the ceramic pug crushing and granulating equipment, so that the powder dust is recycled.

The ceramic wet-process low-temperature powder making process can achieve the drying effect of low water content without consuming excessive combustion energy, greatly reduce the drying cost and simultaneously keep the powder making efficiency of ceramic powder. In addition, due to the reduction of the use of combustion energy, the emission of pollutants can be greatly reduced, and the production cost of enterprises is greatly reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A ceramic wet-process low-temperature powder making process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, dehydrating the slurry by a filter press to obtain blocky slurry with the water content of 18-25%;

step 2, dividing the blocky pug into small pugs through a high-speed pug cutting device, wherein the high-speed pug cutting device comprises a base, a pug cutting bin and a pug cutting mechanism, and the pug cutting bin is fixedly arranged on the base; a cross beam is arranged at the top of the mud cutting bin, and the mud cutting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the cross beam; a feed hopper is arranged above the mud cutting bin; the longitudinal section of the feed hopper is in a herringbone shape, 1 inlet and 2 outlets are arranged, and a sharp material distributing blade is arranged in the middle of the feed hopper; the mud cutting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of mud cutting knives, the plurality of mud cutting knives are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft from top to bottom, and two adjacent mud cutting knives are arranged in a staggered manner;

drying the small pug by using ceramic pug drying equipment by using kiln waste heat to obtain dried pug with the water content of 7-10%;

the ceramic pug drying equipment comprises a drying box body and a plurality of conveying belts; the drying box comprises a drying box body, a plurality of conveying belts, a plurality of hot air through holes and a plurality of drying chambers, wherein the front part of the drying box body is a hot air cavity, the rear part of the drying box body is a drying cavity, the plurality of conveying belts are sequentially arranged in the drying cavity from top to bottom, the upper parts and the lower parts of partition plates of the hot air cavity and the drying cavity are respectively and uniformly provided with the plurality of hot air through holes along the conveying direction of the conveying belts, the hot air through holes at the upper parts are positioned above the uppermost conveying belt, and the hot air through holes at the lower parts are positioned between the two conveying belts at the lowest part; a plurality of hot air inlets are uniformly formed in the upper part of the hot air cavity; the temperature in the drying box body is between 80 and 250 ℃;

a plurality of material stirring rods are uniformly arranged above the conveying belt along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and a plurality of strip-shaped material stirring pieces are uniformly arranged on each material stirring rod along the circumferential direction;

step 3, crushing and granulating the dried mud blocks by using ceramic mud crushing and granulating equipment to obtain powder particles with the particle size meeting the requirement; the ceramic pug crushing and granulating equipment comprises a crushing bin and a crushing assembly, wherein the crushing assembly is arranged in the crushing bin;

the crushing assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a motor A, a plurality of crushing mechanisms and an arc-shaped screen, and the plurality of crushing mechanisms are uniformly fixed on the rotating shaft; the circular arc-shaped screen mesh is coaxial with the rotating shaft and is fixedly arranged right below the rotating shaft, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circular arc-shaped screen mesh, and the motor A is connected with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to rotate;

the crushing mechanism comprises a rotating frame, a plurality of blades and a crushing hammer; the paddles are uniformly fixed on the rotating frame along the circumferential direction of the rotating frame, and the breaking hammer is fixed at the tail end part of the paddles.

2. The ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic wet-process low-temperature powder preparation process further comprises the following steps:

step 4, optimizing abrasive particles; and (4) putting the powder particle obtained in the step (3) into a grinding machine, and grinding the surface of the powder particle.

3. The ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process of claim 1, wherein: and 2, drying the small pug in a flat spreading and unfolding state.

4. The ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process of claim 2, wherein: before optimizing the abrasive particles, the reinforcing agent is added into the powder particles, and the powder particles are mixed and then put into an abrasive machine.

5. The ceramic wet low-temperature powder making process according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: screening the powder particles to separate finished powder meeting the particle size requirement, and screening powder dust with an excessively small particle size; and extruding the powder dust to form a block material.

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