CN110976005B

CN110976005B - Biomass particle fuel smashing device with material pressing function

Info

Publication number: CN110976005B
Application number: CN201911314644.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭茄琪
Original assignee: Yueqing Luhang Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Nongfu Laisheng Material Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-19
Also published as: CN112517175A; CN112517176A; CN110976005A

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass granular fuel crushing device with a material pressing function, which comprises a crushing device, wherein the crushing device comprises a first crushing chamber and a second crushing chamber, the bottom of the second crushing chamber is provided with a crushing motor, an output shaft of the crushing motor is connected with a first rotating shaft through a coupling, the outer part of the first rotating shaft is correspondingly provided with a hammer plate frame, the two hammer plate frames are respectively positioned in the first crushing chamber and the second crushing chamber, the hammer plate frame is uniformly provided with a crushing part, an intermediate screen is arranged between the first crushing chamber and the second crushing chamber, the top of the first crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet, the crushing part is an L-shaped blade, the corner at the tail end of the L-shaped blade is an obtuse angle, a rotary doctor blade is sleeved on the outer part of the first rotating shaft and positioned at the top of the intermediate screen, the rotary doctor blade is in a fan blade shape, the invention has the characteristics of material deposition prevention and high working efficiency.

Description

Biomass particle fuel smashing device with material pressing function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass granular fuel crushing, in particular to a biomass granular fuel crushing device with a material pressing function.

Background

The biomass fuel is a blocky environment-friendly new energy source produced by processing straws, rice hulls, peanut shells, corncobs, oil tea shells, cottonseed hulls and the like and three residues. Because the biomass fuel has low density and is difficult to store, load, unload and transport, processing equipment is available on the market for processing the biomass fuel into the biological granular fuel.

When materials just enter a crushing chamber, the relative speed difference between the materials and a crushing part of the existing crushing device is large, the striking force of the crushing part is large, then the rotating crushing part drives the materials to move together with the materials at a high speed, and the striking efficiency of the crushing part is reduced; the existing crushing equipment generally deposits crushed materials on a bottom screen below through gravity, so that fine particle materials are prevented from passing through a screen, and the resistance of a rotor is increased; the existing crushing device can only crush raw materials, and then the raw materials are pressed into large blocks for transportation, and the large blocks need to be decomposed into small blocks when being transported to households of farmers, so that the time and labor are wasted, and the burning is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to design a biomass pellet fuel crushing device with material pressing function to avoid material deposition and to have high working efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a biomass granular fuel crushing device with a material pressing function, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a living beings pellet fuel reducing mechanism with press material function, includes that reducing mechanism smashes the room including first crushing room and second, the crushing motor is installed to the bottom that the room was smashed to the second, the output shaft of crushing motor is connected with first pivot through the shaft coupling, the outside correspondence of first pivot is provided with the hammer grillage, and two hammer grillages are located the inside that first crushing room and second smashed the room respectively, evenly be provided with crushing unit on the hammer grillage, first crushing room and second are smashed and are provided with middle screen cloth between the room, the feed inlet has been seted up at the top of first crushing room.

Furthermore, the crushing part is an L-shaped blade, the corner at the tail end of the L-shaped blade is an obtuse angle, a rotating scraping blade is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft and is positioned at the top of the middle screen, and the rotating scraping blade is in a fan blade shape.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the first crushing chamber is uniformly provided with annular teeth, the inside of the second crushing chamber is provided with a special-shaped screen in a cloth bag shape, the special-shaped screen is formed by connecting inclined edges and straight edges in a staggered mode, and sieve pores are uniformly formed in the special-shaped screen.

Further, reducing mechanism's bottom is provided with flat die rolling machine, flat die rolling machine is including rolling the room, the bottom of rolling the room is the infundibulate, and its top inner wall installs the flat die, the top of flat die evenly runs through and has seted up the nib, the center department of flat die is fixed with the second pivot through the bearing, the one end of pivot is connected with through synchronous belt drive and rolls the motor, the both sides correspondence of second pivot is installed the compression roller axle, the running roller has been cup jointed to the outside of compression roller axle, the running roller contacts with the top of flat die, the bottom of rolling the room is provided with out the hopper, the top of flat die is provided with the toper platform.

Furthermore, a die hole sleeve is sleeved on the outer portion of the roller, synchronous trapezoidal teeth are uniformly arranged on the outer portion of the die hole sleeve, the synchronous trapezoidal teeth correspond to the die holes in position, the synchronous trapezoidal teeth are embedded into the die holes, and belleville springs are uniformly arranged between the inner wall of the die hole sleeve and the outer wall of the roller.

Furthermore, a material distribution disc is installed at the top of the second rotating shaft and is in an umbrella shape, first hollow grooves, second hollow grooves and third hollow grooves are evenly and alternately formed in the material distribution disc, and the groove depths of the first hollow grooves, the second hollow grooves and the third hollow grooves are different.

Furthermore, the top of first pivot still is provided with the cisternal chopper, the outside of first pivot should have cup jointed the axle sleeve, and the axle sleeve outside has still cup jointed the desternal chopper, the outside of first pivot is fixed with first bevel gear through the joint, the outside of axle sleeve is fixed with the second bevel gear through the joint, the inner wall rotation of first crushing room is provided with the third bevel gear, first bevel gear and the meshing of third bevel gear, third bevel gear and the meshing of second bevel gear.

Further, a storage bin is connected between the grinding chamber and the second crushing chamber, and a material stop valve is arranged inside the storage bin.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the invention, the raw materials are mixed,

(1) the crushing chamber is divided into two parts by using a screen with larger aperture, the larger material is crushed in the primary crushing chamber, and the smaller material enters the secondary crushing chamber through the middle screen for further crushing, so that the energy consumption is reduced;

(2) the rotary scraping blade is additionally arranged at the bottom end of the crushing chamber, so that the accumulation of large-size materials is avoided, a certain wind pressure is formed, the sieving efficiency of fine particle materials is improved, and the crushing part is improved into the L-shaped blade, so that the crushing part not only has cutting performance, but also has the beating and tearing functions, and is more fully crushed;

(3) the annular toothed plate which is circumferentially covered is arranged on the inner wall of the primary crushing chamber, large-size materials collide on the annular teeth when passing through, so that the materials are instantaneously decelerated, the crushing efficiency is improved, the special-shaped screen is additionally arranged in the secondary crushing chamber, the high-speed rotation of the materials is interrupted, small-particle materials directly pass through the screen when colliding with the inclined edge of the screen, the relative rotation speed of large-particle materials and the crushing component is reduced, and the crushing efficiency is improved;

(4) through the arrangement of the flat die rolling device, the crushed material is pushed into the flat die hole under the action of pressure, lignin in the material is quickly softened, the viscosity is increased, and the material is extruded through the flat die hole to form material particles with the same size, so that the transportation is facilitated, and the combustion effect is sufficient;

(5) through being provided with the trapezoidal tooth of synchronous cog belt on the running roller excircle with flat die rolling machine, when the running roller extrudeed the material, trapezoidal tooth utilizes reaction force, impels the nib with the material, makes the running roller have perpendicular downward extrusion and two functions of horizontal propulsion material, prevents that the material from hindering the running roller rotatory, improves shaping efficiency, and the detachable die sleeve can save the replacement cost.

(6) Through setting up the branch charging tray into umbelliform hollow out construction, can make the material at flat mould circumference homodisperse to have the ground in the surface and get rid of the material, make the material evenly distributed on the flat mould.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the overall construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the flat die rolling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the material forming principle of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first pulverizing chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the L-shaped blade and profiled screen of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial configuration of a contoured screen of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a crushing device; 2. a flat die rolling device; 3. distributing disks; 4. a discharge hopper; 11. a first crushing chamber; 111. an annular tooth; 12. a second crushing chamber; 121. a storage bin; 1211. a material blocking valve; 13. a feed inlet; 14. a grinding motor; 15. a first rotating shaft; 16. rotating the scraping blade; 17. a middle screen; 18. a hammer plate frame; 181. an L-shaped blade; 19. a special-shaped screen; 191. screening holes; 192. a bevel edge; 193. straight sides; 21. a grinding chamber; 22. rolling a motor; 23. a die hole sleeve; 231. synchronous trapezoidal teeth; 24. a roller; 241. a disc spring; 25. a second rotating shaft; 26. a compression roller shaft; 27. flattening the mold; 271. a die hole; 28. a conical table; 31. a first hollow-out groove; 32. a second hollow-out groove; 33. and a third hollow-out groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a biomass particle fuel crushing device with a material pressing function comprises a crushing device 1, wherein the crushing device 1 comprises a first crushing chamber 11 and a second crushing chamber 12, a crushing motor 14 is installed at the bottom of the second crushing chamber 12, an output shaft of the crushing motor 14 is connected with a first rotating shaft 15 through a coupling, a hammer plate frame 18 is correspondingly arranged outside the first rotating shaft 15, the two hammer plate frames 18 are respectively positioned inside the first crushing chamber 11 and the second crushing chamber 12, crushing parts are uniformly arranged on the hammer plate frame 18, an intermediate screen 17 is arranged between the first crushing chamber 11 and the second crushing chamber 12, a feeding hole 13 is formed in the top of the first crushing chamber 11, the crushing motor 14 drives the first rotating shaft 15 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 15 drives the hammer plate frame 18 and the crushing parts to rotate and crush materials, the crushing chambers are divided into two parts through the intermediate screen 17 with larger aperture, the materials with larger size are crushed in the first crushing chamber 11, and the materials with smaller size enter the second crushing chamber 12 through the middle screen mesh for further crushing, so that the energy consumption is reduced;

as shown in fig. 5, the crushing part is an L-shaped blade 181, the corner at the end of the L-shaped blade 181 is an obtuse angle, a rotary scraper 16 is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 15, the rotary scraper 16 is positioned at the top of the middle screen 17, the rotary scraper 16 is in a fan-blade shape, the crushing part is modified into the L-shaped blade, so that the crushing part not only has cutting performance, but also has a function of hammering and tearing, the crushing is more sufficient, the obtuse angle is used for preventing materials from being hung at the corner, the rotary scraper 16 scrapes the materials on the middle screen 17 when rotating, so as to avoid the accumulation of large-size materials, the fan-blade shape can form a certain wind pressure while rotating, the materials are blown down to prevent hole blockage, and the sieving efficiency of fine particle materials is improved;

as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the inner wall of the first crushing chamber 11 is uniformly provided with annular teeth 111, the inside of the second crushing chamber 12 is provided with a special-shaped screen 19 in a cloth bag shape, the special-shaped screen 19 is formed by connecting inclined edges 192 and straight edges 193 in a staggered manner, screen holes 191 are uniformly formed in the special-shaped screen 19, large-size materials in the first crushing chamber 11 collide on the annular teeth 111 when passing through, so that the materials are decelerated instantly, the crushing efficiency is improved, the special-shaped screen 19 in the second crushing chamber not only interrupts the high-speed rotation of the materials, small-particle materials directly pass through the screen holes 191 of the special-shaped screen 19 when colliding with the inclined edges 192 of the screen, and materials which cannot pass through the screen holes 191 can break the circulation when colliding with the inclined edges 192, the relative rotation;

as shown in fig. 2, a flat die rolling device 2 is disposed at the bottom of the crushing device 1, the flat die rolling device 2 includes a rolling chamber 21, the bottom of the rolling chamber 21 is funnel-shaped, a flat die 27 is installed on an inner wall of the top of the rolling chamber, a die hole 271 is uniformly formed in the top of the flat die 27, a second rotating shaft 25 is fixed at the center of the flat die 27 through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft 25 is connected with a rolling motor 22 through a synchronous belt transmission, a rolling shaft 26 is correspondingly installed on two sides of the second rotating shaft 25, a roller 24 is sleeved outside the rolling shaft 26, the roller 24 is in contact with the top of the flat die 27, a discharge hopper 4 is disposed at the bottom of the rolling chamber 21, a conical table 28 is disposed at the top of the flat die 27, the rolling motor 22 drives the second rotating shaft 25 to rotate during use, the second rotating shaft 25 drives the rolling shaft 26 to rotate, so that the roller 2 is used for pushing crushed materials, the viscosity is increased and the materials are extruded out through the flat die hole 271 to form material particles with equal size, which is convenient for transportation and has sufficient combustion effect, and the peripheral surface of the conical table 28 extends to the die hole 271 and is used for preventing the materials from being deposited at the center of the flat die 27;

as shown in fig. 2-3, a die hole sleeve 23 is movably sleeved outside the roller 24, synchronous trapezoidal teeth 231 are uniformly arranged outside the die hole sleeve 23, the positions of the synchronous trapezoidal teeth 231 and the die hole 271 correspond to each other, the synchronous trapezoidal teeth 231 are embedded into the die hole 271, belleville springs 241 are uniformly arranged between the inner wall of the die hole sleeve 23 and the outer wall of the roller 24, when the roller 24 extrudes a material, the synchronous trapezoidal teeth 231 push the material into the die hole 271 by using a reaction force, so that the roller 24 has two functions of vertically downward extrusion and horizontally pushing the material, the material is prevented from blocking the rotation of the roller 24, the forming efficiency is improved, the detachable die hole sleeve 23 can be replaced at any time when the die hole is seriously worn, the whole roller 24 does not need to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is reduced;

as shown in fig. 2, a material distribution disc 3 is installed at the top of the second rotating shaft 25, the material distribution disc 3 is umbrella-shaped, first hollow grooves 31, second hollow grooves 32 and third hollow grooves 33 are uniformly formed in the material distribution disc 3 in a staggered mode, the depths of the first hollow grooves 31, the second hollow grooves 32 and the third hollow grooves 33 are different, the material distribution disc 3 is used for distributing powdery intermediate products falling from the upper side, the hollow grooves can enable the materials to be uniformly dispersed in the circumferential direction of the flat die 27, the materials are removed layer by layer on the surface, the materials are uniformly distributed on the flat die 27, and the depths are different, so that a part of the materials can fall firstly, a part of the materials fall afterwards, and the materials are more sufficiently dispersed;

the top of the first rotating shaft 15 is also provided with a forward-rotating chopping knife, the outside of the first rotating shaft 15 is sleeved with a shaft sleeve, the outside of the shaft sleeve is also sleeved with a reverse-rotating chopping knife, the outside of the first rotating shaft 15 is fixedly provided with a first bevel gear through clamping, the outside of the shaft sleeve is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear through clamping, the inner wall of the first crushing chamber 11 is rotatably provided with a third bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with the third bevel gear, the third bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, when the first rotating shaft 15 rotates, the forward-rotating chopping knife sleeved on the first rotating shaft is driven to rotate, meanwhile, the first bevel gear drives the third bevel gear to rotate, the third bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives the shaft sleeve and the reverse-rotating chopping knife to rotate, two groups of chopping knives in opposite rotating directions can directly and forcibly cut rod-shaped raw materials, the phenomenon that the overlong raw materials are wound on the hammer to, because the upper and lower chopping knives provide acting forces in opposite directions, the opposite acting forces are mutually offset when raw materials are put in, the upper parts of the raw materials are prevented from inclining and dragging downwards, hands of workers are prevented from rolling into the chopping knives, and the safety is improved;

as shown in fig. 1, a storage bin 121 is connected between the grinding chamber 21 and the second grinding chamber 12, a material stop valve 1211 is disposed inside the storage bin 121, the powdery material discharged from the second grinding chamber 12 is stored in the storage bin 121 first, whether the material falls down is controlled by the material stop valve 1211, and the material in the storage bin 121 falls into an opening of the grinding chamber 21, so as to facilitate control and temporary storage of the material.

Example (b): when the crushing device is used, a rod-shaped material to be crushed is cut into short sections by a chopping knife of the crushing device 1, then is crushed into powder by an L-shaped blade 181, is stored in a storage bin 121, is placed on a material distribution disc 3 to be rotationally distributed under the control of a material stop valve 1211, is crushed into small blocks by a flat die rolling device 2, and is placed in a discharge hopper 4.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a living beings pellet fuel reducing mechanism with press material function, includes reducing mechanism (1), its characterized in that: the crushing device (1) comprises a first crushing chamber (11) and a second crushing chamber (12), a crushing motor (14) is installed at the bottom of the second crushing chamber (12), an output shaft of the crushing motor (14) is connected with a first rotating shaft (15) through a coupling, a hammer plate frame (18) is correspondingly arranged outside the first rotating shaft (15), the two hammer plate frames (18) are respectively located inside the first crushing chamber (11) and the second crushing chamber (12), crushing components are uniformly arranged on the hammer plate frame (18), an intermediate screen (17) is arranged between the first crushing chamber (11) and the second crushing chamber (12), and a feeding hole (13) is formed in the top of the first crushing chamber (11);

the bottom of the crushing device (1) is provided with a flat die rolling device (2), the flat die rolling device (2) comprises a rolling chamber (21), the bottom of the rolling chamber (21) is funnel-shaped, and the inner wall of the top of the die is provided with a flat die (27), the top of the flat die (27) is uniformly provided with die holes (271) in a penetrating way, a second rotating shaft (25) is fixed at the center of the flat die (27) through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft (25) is connected with a rolling motor (22) through a synchronous belt, two sides of the second rotating shaft (25) are correspondingly provided with a press roll shaft (26), a roller (24) is sleeved outside the press roll shaft (26), the roller (24) is in contact with the top of the flat die (27), the bottom of the rolling chamber (21) is provided with a discharge hopper (4), and the top of the flat die (27) is provided with a conical table (28);

a die hole sleeve (23) is movably sleeved outside the roller (24), synchronous trapezoidal teeth (231) are uniformly arranged outside the die hole sleeve (23), the positions of the synchronous trapezoidal teeth (231) correspond to those of the die hole (271), the synchronous trapezoidal teeth (231) are embedded into the die hole (271), and belleville springs (241) are uniformly arranged between the inner wall of the die hole sleeve (23) and the outer wall of the roller (24);

a storage bin (121) is connected between the grinding pressure chamber (21) and the second grinding chamber (12), and a material stop valve (1211) is arranged inside the storage bin (121).

2. The biomass granular fuel crushing device with the material pressing function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing part is an L-shaped blade (181), the corner at the tail end of the L-shaped blade (181) is an obtuse angle, a rotating scraping blade (16) is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft (15), the rotating scraping blade (16) is located at the top of the middle screen (17), and the rotating scraping blade (16) is in a fan blade shape.

3. The biomass granular fuel crushing device with the material pressing function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the first crushing chamber (11) is uniformly provided with annular teeth (111), the inside of the second crushing chamber (12) is provided with a special-shaped screen (19) in a cloth bag shape, the special-shaped screen (19) is formed by connecting inclined edges (192) and straight edges (193) in a staggered mode, and sieve holes (191) are uniformly formed in the special-shaped screen (19).

4. The biomass granular fuel crushing device with the material pressing function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: branch charging tray (3) are installed at the top of second pivot (25), branch charging tray (3) are the umbrella-type, and divide charging tray (3) to go up even crisscross first fretwork groove (31), second fretwork groove (32) and third fretwork groove (33) of having seted up, the groove depth diverse of first fretwork groove (31), second fretwork groove (32) and third fretwork groove (33).

5. The biomass granular fuel crushing device with the material pressing function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the top of first pivot (15) still is provided with the cisternal chopper, the outside of first pivot (15) should have cup jointed the axle sleeve, and the axle sleeve outside has still cup jointed the desternal chopper, the outside of first pivot (15) is fixed with first bevel gear through the joint, the outside of axle sleeve is fixed with second bevel gear through the joint, the inner wall of first crushing room (11) rotates and is provided with third bevel gear, first bevel gear and third bevel gear meshing, third bevel gear and second bevel gear meshing.