CN114621015B

CN114621015B - Dry production method and equipment of powder for rock plate press forming

Info

Publication number: CN114621015B
Application number: CN202210326129.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王守伟; 李栓杰; 孙喆
Original assignee: Hebei Jinhui Ceramics Co ltd; Beijing Xinuode Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Jinhui Ceramics Co ltd; Beijing Xinuode Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-29
Also published as: CN114621015A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dry pressing forming ceramic tile production, in particular to a dry production method and equipment of powder for rock plate pressing forming, and specifically relates to a preparation method and equipment of powder for large-size ceramic tiles such as rock plates or large plates pressed and formed by a large-tonnage press or a rolling press. According to the invention, the plastic muddy raw materials and the barren sandy raw materials with different properties are respectively treated, the raw materials are pulped and crushed for multiple times and then ground, and different raw materials are separated and treated under the condition of pulping, so that the condition of over-grinding can be avoided, the energy consumption caused by over-grinding can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; in addition, dehydration is carried out before drying, so that the heat consumption of direct drying is greatly reduced.

Description

Dry production method and equipment of powder for rock plate press forming

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dry pressing forming ceramic tile production, in particular to a dry production method and equipment of powder for rock plate pressing forming, and specifically relates to a preparation method and equipment of powder for large-size ceramic tiles such as rock plates or large plates pressed and formed by a large-tonnage press or a rolling press.

Background

In the preparation process of the powder for press forming of the traditional wet production process, slurry (containing 30-40% of water) ground by the wet method needs to be prepared into the powder for subsequent press forming through spray drying, the spray drying needs high-temperature drying (600-700 ℃) to reduce the water content to 7%, and the water amount required to be evaporated by one ton of powder (dry basis) is at least 353-591.4 kg, so that the energy consumption in the drying process is very high.

In the preparation process of the powder for press forming by the dry production process, the dry powder obtained by grinding the raw materials can be granulated after being wetted and bonded with water, the water addition amount is controlled to be below 12 percent in the bonding process, and the moisture of the granules is reduced to 7 percent by a fluidized bed dryer after granulation to prepare the powder for subsequent press forming; thus, the water quantity to be evaporated per ton of powder (dry basis) is about 61.09kg, i.e. the dry process does not consume additional energy to dry another 82% to 90% of the water. Therefore, compared with the traditional wet process, the dry production process can reduce the carbon emission of the ceramic tile in unit area by more than 40%; therefore, dry-method powder making is also the advanced manufacturing technology mainly pushed by the building ceramic industry.

The prior dry powder process is mainly used for producing small-specification ceramic tiles, and when the powder prepared by the process is used for pressing large-specification ceramic products such as rock boards, large boards and the like, the following problems exist:

a) When 30-40% of the components in the formula are plastic mud materials and 60-70% of the components are barren materials, the water content of the plastic mud materials is about 20-30%, and the water content of the barren materials is higher, so that the comprehensive water content of the formula can reach 15-25%; in order to obtain dry powder with the water content of below 2%, 13-23% of water needs to be dried, and about 4% of water needs to be dried in a granulation link, so that 17-27% of water needs to be dried in total, a large amount of energy needs to be consumed, and the economy of a dry powder preparation process is seriously influenced.

b) The plastic muddy material has high viscosity, the problems of wall sticking and unsmooth discharging are easy to occur in the actual operation process, feeding and metering fluctuation occurs in the batching link, meanwhile, the plastic muddy material from certain sources also contains hard cobblestones and cannot be effectively crushed, the raw material can be retained in a mill after entering a wet ball mill, the fluctuation of components of the formula material is caused, and the production stability is further influenced.

c) The traditional dry powder process technology is to perform iron removal whitening on dry powder obtained by grinding all raw materials, but the iron removal whitening of the dry powder is lower in efficiency and poorer in effect compared with slurry iron removal whitening, and the obtained powder cannot meet the requirements of products such as rock boards, large boards and the like, so that the application of the dry powder process technology in the production of powder for pressing and shaping the rock boards and the large boards is severely limited.

d) The fineness requirement of rock plates, large plates and other products on impurities in the blank is strict, the number of the impurity removal meshes needs to be more than 100 meshes, the conventional dry impurity removal equipment can meet the impurity removal requirement of 100 meshes, but the equipment is huge and the investment is high.

e) The raw material grinding for the rock plates and the large plates is still carried out by using a ball mill (batch type or continuous type), so that the over-grinding problem exists, the grinding power consumption is higher, and the occupied area of the system is larger.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dry preparation method of powder for rock plate press forming, which comprises the following steps:

s1, adding water into a plastic muddy raw material to pulp into first slurry with the water content of 30-60%, and grinding the first slurry until the particle size D of particles in the first slurry is reached ₉₉ Less than 45 mu m, and then deironing, dehydrating and drying to obtain a dried plastic clay standard material;

s2, crushing the barren sandy raw material to a particle size D ₉₀ After the particle size is less than 3mm, adding water to prepare a second slurry with the water content of 40-45%, and grinding the second slurry to the particle size D of the particles ₉₉ Less than 45 mu m, and then removing impurities, removing iron, dehydrating and drying to obtain a dried barren sand standard material;

and S3, mixing, grinding, granulating and drying the dried plastic muddy standard material and the dried barren sandy standard material according to a ratio to obtain powder for press forming.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 of slurrying the plastic raw sludge with water to obtain the first slurry with the water content of 30% to 60% comprises at least two-stage slurrying operation, preferably comprises two-stage slurrying operation, more preferably, the plastic raw sludge is slurried with water to obtain the plastic raw sludge with the water content of 20% to 40% in the first-stage slurrying operation, and then the plastic raw sludge is slurried into the first slurry with the water content of 30% to 60% in the second-stage slurrying operation. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, since the second pulping operation employs the plastic muddy material slurry obtained by the first pulping operation as the raw material, after water is further added in the second pulping operation, the water content of the first slurry is greater than that of the plastic muddy material slurry; preferably, the water content of the first slurry is 5% higher, more preferably 10% higher, even 15% higher than the water content of the plastic muddy material slurry.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the first slurry obtained in step S1 is 30 to 60%, preferably the water content of the first slurry is 35 to 55%, more preferably 40 to 50%.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S1 may further include an operation of removing impurities before removing iron, thereby obtaining an impurity-removed slurry, preferably the removing impurities includes screening with a screen, the mesh number of the screen is at least 100 meshes, preferably 100-150 meshes, and further preferably 100-130 meshes.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, an operation of removing iron is performed in an electromagnetic iron remover, thereby obtaining an iron-removed slurry.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dehydrating and drying operation in step S1 includes: firstly, dehydrating the slurry with optional impurity removal and/or iron removal until the water content is less than or equal to 15 percent, and then drying until the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent; preferably, the optionally de-watered and/or de-ironed slurry is dewatered to a water content of 13% or less, more preferably 10% or less, most preferably 9% or less; the optionally de-mineralized and/or de-ironed and dewatered pulp is preferably dried to a plastic mass having a water content of 5% or less, more preferably 4.5% or less, even 4% or less.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, before dewatering the slurry optionally subjected to impurity removal and/or iron removal to a water content of 15% or less, or preferably 13% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and most preferably 9% or less, the method further comprises adding the slurry optionally subjected to impurity removal and/or iron removal to a thickener for concentration. The inventors have found that the thickening of the slurry by means of sedimentation, which is carried out by feeding the slurry, optionally after impurity removal and iron removal, to a thickener, makes it possible, on the one hand, to reduce the water content of the slurry and, on the other hand, to make it more convenient for further dewatering and also to avoid segregation of solid matter in the slurry.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, after the slurry is added to the thickener for concentration, the operation of introducing the thickener-concentrated slurry into a rotary vibration sieve comprising a sieve having a sieve mesh number of at least 100 mesh, more preferably 100 to 130 mesh, for removing impurities is optionally further included.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, after concentrating the slurry with a thickener, further comprising dewatering the slurry, optionally subjected to impurity removal by a rotary vibrating screen, using a membrane filter press.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in step S1, after dewatering the concentrated and optionally de-sludged slurry to a water content of 15% or less and before drying to a plastic mass with a water content of 5% or less, there is further included a step of crushing the dewatered filter cake, for example by feeding the dewatered filter cake to a filter cake crusher for crushing, preferably to a granular plastic mass with a diameter of 3 to 10mm.

As an example, a plastic muddy material can be fed into a double-shaft plow-type matching machine, slurried therein with water to a water content of 30 to 40%, then slurried while being introduced into a vertical stirring tank with stirring to obtain a first slurry having a water content of 40 to 50%, and the first slurry is pumped into a vertical stirring mill through a slurry, wherein preferably closed-circuit grinding is adopted to grind the particle diameter D of the particles therein ₉₉ The slurry with the particle size less than 45 mu m enters a rotary vibration sieve with the mesh number of 100 meshes for fine impurity removal, is deironing and whitening by an electromagnetic deironing device, is concentrated by a thickener, optionally enters another rotary vibration sieve for fine impurity removal again, is pumped to a high-pressure membrane filter press by a feed pump for dehydration until the water content is less than or equal to 15 percent, and a filtrate or a filter cake is obtained; under the condition of forming a filter cake, crushing the filter cake into particles with the diameter of 3-10 mm by using a filter cake crusher, and then drying the particles in a drying mechanism until the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent, thereby obtaining the dried plastic muddy standard material.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the barren sandy feedstock is crushed to a particle size D of particulate matter therein ₉₀ Less than 3mm includes multiple crushing operations. The multistage crushing may include first crushing the barren gritty material to a particle size D ₉₀ Granules smaller than 60mm are crushed into granules with a particle size D ₉₀ Granules of less than 10mm, finally finely divided to a particle size D ₉₀ Pellets smaller than 3 mm. Preferably, the multistage crushing comprises crushing the barren sandy material in a jaw crusher to a particle size D ₉₀ The granules with the diameter less than 60mm are crushed into granules with the diameter D in a vertical shaft crusher ₉₀ Granules of less than 10mm, which are finally ground to a particle size D in a high-pressure roller mill ₉₀ Pellets of less than 3 mm. Preferably, the barren sandy feedstock is fed into a reactorFinely divided to particle size D in a high-pressure roller mill ₉₀ Pellets of less than 2mm, more preferably less than 1 mm.

According to an embodiment of the invention, before grinding the second slurry, there is also included an operation of classifying the second slurry, thereby separating out the granules having a particle size of more than 3mm and returning them to the high pressure roller mill. Preferably, the operation of classification is carried out in a spiral classifier.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the grinding of the second slurry, the operation of removing impurities by sieving the ground slurry is further included, preferably, the removing impurities includes sieving with a sieve having a mesh number of 100 to 150 mesh, further, having a mesh number of 100 to 130 mesh, for example, 100 to 110 mesh.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the iron removal is performed in an electromagnetic iron remover.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the dehydrating and drying includes: dehydrating the slurry after impurity removal and iron removal to a water content of 15-25%, and then drying to a water content of 5-10%, preferably dehydrating the slurry after impurity removal and iron removal to a water content of <20%, more preferably <18%, most preferably 15%; the slurry after removal of impurities and iron and dehydration is preferably dried to a barren sludge having a water content of less than or equal to 6%, preferably less than or equal to 5%.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, before dewatering the slurry in step S2, the operation of adding the slurry into a thickener to perform concentration and water removal is also included, for example, the slurry is added into the thickener to be concentrated until the water content is less than or equal to 40%, preferably less than or equal to 30%.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the step S2 of adding the slurry into the thickener for concentration, the method further comprises introducing the concentrated slurry into a rotary vibration sieve for impurity removal again, wherein the rotary vibration sieve comprises a screen mesh, and the mesh number of the screen mesh is, for example, 100-130 meshes.

According to an embodiment of the invention, after dewatering the slurry and before drying in step S2, there is also a step of crushing the dewatered filter cake, for example feeding the dewatered barren sludge to a crusher for crushing.

As an example, step S2 includes: the barren sandy raw material is firstly added into a jaw crusher to be crushed to a particle size D ₉₀ Less than 60mm, adding vertical shaft crusher, and crushing to particle size D ₉₀ Less than 10mm, then adding a high-pressure roller mill with scrap circulation to finely crush to a particle size D ₉₀ After less than 3mm, introducing stirring Chi Jiashui for slurrying, thereby obtaining a second slurry; adding the obtained second slurry into a spiral classifier for classification, returning the fraction larger than 3mm, and feeding the classified second slurry into a stirring mill through a slurry pump to grind the second slurry into particles with the particle size D ₉₉ Less than 45 μm, fine removing impurities from the ground slurry by a rotary vibration sieve with 100-130 meshes, removing iron and whitening by an electromagnetic iron remover, concentrating by a thickener, fine removing impurities by the rotary vibration sieve, dehydrating by a high-pressure diaphragm filter press until the water content is 20%, and drying until the water content is 5%.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in step S3, there is also included re-crushing the agglomerated masses in the dried plastic mash standard and/or the dried barren sand standard before mixing.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the ground powder is stored and then fed into a granulation system for granulation.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the granulated powder is sent to a storage bin, and the powder in the powder storage bin is discharged, matched, sieved and then pressed.

In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a powder for press forming, which is produced by the above method, respectively. Preferably, the present invention also provides a dried plastomeric pug standard, which can be prepared by step S1 as described herein; alternatively, the invention also provides a dried barren sand standard, which can be produced by step S2 as described herein; alternatively, the present invention also provides a powder for press molding, which is obtained by steps S1, S2 and S3 described herein.

The invention in a further aspect relates to the use of a powder for press forming for the preparation of a ceramic body, such as a rock or large plate body.

The invention further relates to equipment for the dry production method of the powder for press forming, which comprises a plastic muddy material processing device, a barren sandy material processing device and a forming device, wherein the plastic muddy material processing device and the barren sandy material processing device are connected with the forming device. Wherein, the raw materials after the corresponding treatment can be transmitted to a forming device for forming through the connection. Preferably, the apparatus is used for carrying out the dry preparation method of the powder for rock laminate press forming according to the invention.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the plastic muddy raw material processing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a slurrying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, an impurity removing and iron removing mechanism and a dehydrating and drying mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism is used for adding the plastic muddy raw material and water into the slurrying mechanism, the slurrying mechanism is used for mixing the raw material and the water to obtain slurry, and the slurry is added into the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the particles in the slurry to a set particle size and then guiding the particles into the impurity removing and iron removing mechanism, the impurity removing and iron removing mechanism is used for removing impurities and iron from the particles, and the dehydrating and drying mechanism is used for dehydrating and drying the slurry after the impurities and iron removing.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the pulping mechanism comprises a double-shaft plough type shovel machine and at least one stirring pool, and the feeding mechanism is arranged above the double-shaft plough type shovel machine.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the crushing mechanism comprises a vertical stirring mill, the stirring tank of the slurrying mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism, preferably the crushing mechanism comprising the vertical stirring mill, through a slurry pump so as to provide slurry, and the crushing mechanism (preferably comprising the vertical stirring mill) is connected with the impurity removal and iron removal mechanism (preferably comprising a rotary vibrating screen and an electromagnetic iron remover).

According to an embodiment of the invention, the dewatering and drying means comprises a thickener, a high pressure membrane filter press, optionally a waste heat supply assembly and a solar drying assembly.

Preferably, the dehydration drying mechanism further comprises a waste heat supply assembly, wherein the waste heat supply assembly is used for leading waste gas carrying heat to a belt dryer so as to dry the materials, for example, the belt dryer can be arranged at the upper part of a kiln and the upper parts of a heat dissipation brick discharging platform and a heat dissipation green storage field in a production workshop/factory building for drying, or the materials on the solar drying assembly can be dried. These waste heat supply assemblies provided on the kiln, the platform and the storage yard may also comprise ducts which convey hot gases to the area where the material to be dried is located.

The waste heat in the waste heat supply assembly may come from any plant/building capable of providing waste heat, such as: 1) Hot gas at the tail end of the ceramic tile discharged from the kiln; 2) Hot gas after heat dissipation at the top of the kiln; 3) Hot gas after heat exchange with the waste gas at the outlet of the multilayer dryer; 4) The green brick radiates the generated hot air. Since these hot gases are at a higher temperature than the ambient temperature, the heat they carry can be collectively referred to as waste heat in the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a rotary vibration sieve and a feeding pump are arranged between the thickener and the high-pressure membrane filter press, a secondary pressurizing pump is optionally arranged on the high-pressure membrane filter press, and a crusher is arranged between the high-pressure membrane filter press and the solar drying component.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the crusher is a horizontal crusher, the horizontal crusher is connected with the feeding end of the drying assembly through a distributing device, and the discharging end of the drying assembly is connected with the storage bin.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a hydrocyclone is also arranged between the vertical stirring mill and the rotary vibration screen, the slurry ground by the vertical stirring mill is pumped into the hydrocyclone through a slurry pump, when the slurry passes through the hydrocyclone, larger particles and a large amount of water flow back to the vertical stirring pool through a pipeline, and the slurry with smaller particles is input into the rotary vibration screen through the pipeline.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the solar drying assembly can be arranged on a top plate of a workshop/factory building or other positions of the factory building, and comprises a plurality of light-transmitting plates and a plurality of net belts, wherein the light-transmitting plates and the top plate are wrapped to form an accommodating space, the net belts are positioned in the accommodating space, and the accommodating space is communicated with the interior of the workshop/factory building through a gap. Through the gap, various waste heat in the workshop/factory building can enter the accommodating space through air carrying, so that the waste heat participates in the drying process, and the total production energy consumption is further reduced.

According to the embodiment of the invention, adjacent mesh belts are connected through a distributor, the distributor is arranged at the discharging end of the mesh belt, the mesh belt at the lowest end is connected with a storage bin, and the storage bin is connected with a granulation system through a conveying device.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the number of the bins is one or more, the bottom of each bin is provided with a weightlessness scale, a valve is arranged between each bin and the weightlessness scale, and a valve is arranged between each weightlessness scale and the forming device.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the waste heat supply module and the solar drying module comprise a tiled structure and a laminated structure, preferably installed on the roof of a workshop, in another embodiment the modules can also be placed above the kiln.

As an example, the light-passing board of tiled structure includes upper plate and curb plate, the upper plate sets up the top at the roof, the upper plate is parallel with the roof, the curb plate is located the lower upper plate one side in position, has certain distance between curb plate and the roof, upper plate, curb plate and roof form accommodation space, and accommodation space's lower part is linked together with workshop/factory building inside, forms the passageway that carries thermal gas, and the guipure setting is at the top of roof, the guipure is from low and high range, and adjacent guipure passes through the distributing device and connects, the guipure is connected with drive arrangement, rotates under the drive arrangement drive, and one side that upper plate and curb plate are relative is provided with axial fan.

As an example, the light-transmitting plate of the stacked structure includes a first side plate and a second side plate which are oppositely disposed, the first side plate and the second side plate are disposed on the top of the top plate, a certain gap is formed between the second side plate and the top plate, a channel for carrying heat gas is formed, the first side plate, the top plate and the second side plate form an accommodating space, the mesh belt is stacked on the top of the top plate from top to bottom, an inclined plate is further disposed on the top of the first side plate, an inclination angle of the inclined plate is smaller than 90 °, and may be smaller than 60 °, for example, 45 °, and a projection of the inclined plate in a vertical direction is larger than an area of the top of the first side plate and the top of the second side plate.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the barren sand raw material processing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a grinding mechanism, an impurity removal and iron removal mechanism and a dehydration and drying mechanism.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the feeding mechanism comprises a vibrating feeder, a hopper is arranged at the top of the vibrating feeder, the hopper can be arranged in a discharge pit structure, a water tank and a two-fluid spraying dust-settling mechanism are arranged above the hopper, and water in the water tank is sprayed into the hopper through the two-fluid spraying dust-settling mechanism to reduce raised dust and then enters the vibrating feeder.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the crushing mechanism comprises a jaw crusher and a vertical shaft crusher, the vibrating feeder is connected with the jaw crusher and realizes feeding, the barren sandy raw materials enter the vertical shaft crusher to be crushed again after being crushed for the first time in the jaw crusher, the top of the vertical shaft crusher is provided with a spray head, and water in a water tank is sprayed into the vertical shaft crusher through spraying to reduce dust.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the grinding mechanism comprises a high-pressure roller mill and a vertical stirring mill, and the vertical shaft crusher is connected with the high-pressure roller mill through a material stabilizing bin.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a rod-type gate valve and a pneumatic gate valve are arranged between the material stabilizing bin and the high-pressure roller mill, and the pneumatic gate valve is used for cutting off or opening the feeding material of the high-pressure roller mill.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the high-pressure roller mill is provided with an edge material distributing valve, and the edge material distributing valve comprises two discharging valve ports: the coarse material valve port is connected to the top of the material stabilizing bin through a pipeline and used for guiding coarse materials which are not ground to the required particle size into the high-pressure roller mill through the material stabilizing bin to be ground again; and the fine material valve port is used for guiding the ground slurry with qualified particle size into the stirring tank for stirring.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a slurry pump and a hydrocyclone are arranged between the vertical stirring mill and the rotary vibration screen, the hydrocyclone is arranged at a position higher than the rotary vibration screen, slurry ground by the vertical stirring mill is pumped into the hydrocyclone through the slurry pump, when the slurry passes through the hydrocyclone, larger particles and a large amount of water flow back to the vertical stirring tank through a pipeline, the slurry with smaller particles is input into the rotary vibration screen through the pipeline, and the slurry passing through the rotary vibration screen enters an iron removal mechanism to remove iron.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dehydration drying mechanism includes a thickener, a high-pressure membrane filter press, a waste heat supply module, and a solar drying module.

According to the embodiment of the invention, a rotary vibration sieve and a feeding pump are arranged between the thickener and the high-pressure membrane filter press, a secondary pressurizing pump is optionally arranged on the high-pressure membrane filter press, and a crusher is arranged between the high-pressure membrane filter press and the waste heat supply assembly and the solar drying assembly.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the forming device comprises a V-shaped powder concentrator, a centrifugal powder concentrator, a feeding bin, a dry powder metering bin, a granulator, a dryer and a powder bin.

The bottom of V type selection powder machine is provided with eccentric vibration mill, the outside and the kiln waste gas of V type selection powder machine are connected, a raw materials for inside to V type selection powder machine is dried, V type selection powder machine and plasticity muddy matter raw materials processing apparatus, barren nature sandy matter raw materials processing apparatus's feed bin is connected, plasticity muddy matter standard material and barren nature sandy matter standard material are filtered after getting into V type selection powder machine, the granule of big particle diameter falls into eccentric vibration mill (or dry process ball mill) after V type selection powder machine screening, the grinding medium and the welt of eccentric vibration mill (or dry process ball mill) adopt the alumina material in order to avoid polluting ceramic raw materials, the granule of small particle diameter gets into centrifugal selection powder machine and is filtered once more.

A bag type dust collector is arranged between the centrifugal powder concentrator and the feeding bin, the particles screened by the centrifugal powder concentrator enter the feeding bin after being dedusted by the bag type dust collector, and the number of the feeding bins is one or more, for example, 5.

And a rotor scale is arranged between the dry powder metering bin and the granulator, and granules in the feeding bin are accurately weighed by the dry powder metering bin and the rotor scale and then enter the granulator for granulation to obtain powder granules.

The granulator and the fluidized bed dryer are also connected with a bag type dust collector which is used for sucking dust in the granulator and the fluidized bed dryer.

Powder storehouse is used for the powder granule after the storage fluidized bed drying-machine is dried, and the quantity more than or equal to 2 of powder storehouse, and the highly the same or different of different powder storehouses, and the bottom of powder storehouse is provided with gyratory sieve and conveyer belt, and the powder granule in the powder storehouse passes through the gyratory sieve and gets into the conveyer belt, transmits to the press forming equipment through the conveyer belt.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features recited in the various aspects and embodiments according to the present invention may be freely combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention has the advantages of

1) According to the invention, the plastic muddy raw materials and the barren sandy raw materials with different properties are respectively treated, the raw materials are pulped and crushed for multiple times and then ground, and different raw materials are separated and treated under the condition of pulping, so that the condition of over-grinding can be avoided, the energy consumption caused by over-grinding can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; in addition, dehydration is carried out before drying, so that the heat consumption of direct drying is greatly reduced.

2) The method comprises the steps of pulping the raw materials, grinding and then removing iron, wherein the iron removal is carried out on the pulp, the process is not limited by the concentration of the pulp, the improvement of the iron removal effect is greatly facilitated, the whiteness of the raw materials can be further improved, a part of raw materials with lower whiteness can be used, and the method is favorable for widening the selection range of the raw materials of the rock plate (large plate).

3) The invention utilizes the high-pressure diaphragm filter press, the waste heat supply assembly and the solar drying assembly to process the high-moisture slurry into the low-moisture raw material with the moisture content of less than 6 percent, greatly reduces the drying heat consumption required in the subsequent dry grinding process, improves the economy of replacing the wet grinding process with the dry grinding process, and is particularly suitable for using and preparing the high-moisture ceramic raw material in southern regions.

4) The invention uses the stirring mill to replace the traditional wet ball mill as the fine milling (feeding 0.2mm to 45 μm) milling equipment of the ceramic raw material, compared with the wet ball mill, the invention has the advantages of energy saving, smaller floor area, flexible fineness operation, easier obtaining of ceramic slurry with finer fineness and providing favorable conditions for reducing the firing temperature in the firing stage.

5) The invention prepares different raw materials into standard raw materials with stable parameters such as whiteness, impurity content, real fineness, moisture and the like. The method is extremely favorable for large-scale and intensive production in the raw material preparation link, can realize the standardized supply of raw materials for large-scale production enterprises in ceramic production areas and south, and is favorable for improving the standardization degree and the production efficiency.

Drawings

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings. Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plastic muddy material treatment apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the barren sand feedstock processing apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left side of the molding apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the right side of the molding apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a tiled solar drying assembly;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacked solar drying module.

List of reference numerals:

a-plastic clay raw material; b-water; c-barren sandy feedstock; d-pressing and forming process; e-sunlight;

1-a double-shaft plough type scooping machine, 2-a vertical stirring pool, 3-a vertical stirring mill, 4-a rotary vibrating screen, 5-an electromagnetic iron remover, 6-a thickener, 7- (high-pressure) diaphragm filter press, 8-a horizontal crusher, 9-a solar drying mechanism, 10-a hydrocyclone, 11-a slurry pump, 12-a feed pump, 13-a secondary pressure pump, 14-a distributor and 15-a mesh belt;

20-two-fluid spraying dust settling; 21-vibrating feeder, 22-vertical shaft crusher, 23-high pressure roller mill, 24-rim charge feed valve, 25, 28-stirring pool, 26-spiral classifier, 27-hydrocyclone, 29-slurry pump, 30-vertical stirring mill, 31-thickener, 32, 33-rotary vibrating screen, 34-electromagnetic iron remover, 35-feed pump, 36-secondary pressure pump, 37- (high pressure) membrane filter press, 38-horizontal crusher, 39-solar drying component;

41-kiln waste gas, 42-V type powder concentrator, 43-eccentric vibration mill, 44-centrifugal powder concentrator, 45-bag type dust collector and 46-storage bin;

51-rotor scale, 52-metering bin, 53-granulator, 54-constant feeder, 55-fluidized bed dryer, 56-kiln waste gas, 57-bag type dust collector, 58-exhaust fan and 59-powder bin;

61-upper plate, 62-side plate, 63-top plate, 64-driving device, 65-axial flow fan, 66-mesh belt, 67-louver;

71-inclined plate, 72-second side plate, 73-first side plate, 74- (stainless steel) mesh belt, 75-driving device, 76-top plate, 77-plant/plant providing waste heat.

Detailed Description

The method and structure of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are only illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the technologies realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present context, references to percentages, such as water content, refer to weight percentages (wt%).

Example 1

This example illustrates the invention by a process for the dry preparation of a powder for press forming comprising the steps of:

s1, firstly obtaining dry powder raw materials, wherein the raw materials can be solid waste from mines or industry and comprise mutually independent plastic muddy materials and barren sandy materials.

Firstly, adding plastic mud raw materials into a double-shaft plough type matchAnd (3) adding water for pulping at the same time to generate slurry with the water content of about 37%, introducing the slurry into a vertical stirring tank, adding water for stirring and pulping at the same time, and obtaining the slurry with the water content of 48%. The slurry is sent into a vertical stirring mill by a slurry pump to be ground and ground in a closed circuit until the particle diameter D of the particles ₉₉ Less than 45 μm, sequentially introducing into a rotary vibration sieve for fine impurity removal (the mesh number of the rotary vibration sieve is 100-130 meshes), deironing and whitening by an electromagnetic deironing device, concentrating by a thickener, fine impurity removal by the rotary vibration sieve, and dewatering by a high-pressure diaphragm filter press until the water content of the slurry is reached<15%, obtaining a filter cake. And crushing the filter cake into small particles (the diameter is 3-10 mm) by using a horizontal crusher. The granules are fed to a solar drying module and distributed therein on a wire by means of a distributor, optionally with introduction of waste heat from other plants/plants, and in the case of solar drying, are dried to a water content<6 percent, obtaining the dried plastic muddy standard material.

The plastic muddy material is processed into the plastic muddy standard material with uniform granularity, low water content, constant composition and high whiteness. Because the slurry with specific moisture content (the mass fraction is 40-50% of the moisture content) is subjected to electromagnetic iron removal and whitening, the limitation on the moisture of the slurry in the raw materials is reduced, the cost of the raw materials is reduced, and the iron removal efficiency and the whitening effect are improved.

Because the water content of the raw materials is reduced to 5-10% by means of filter pressing dehydration and waste heat and solar drying, compared with the drying in the prior art, the drying heat consumption is greatly reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

The inventor finds that the raw materials of each component are respectively ground by adopting a stirring mill closed circuit grinding system, so that the problem of over grinding is reduced.

In contrast, if the existing dry production method is used for producing the pressed powder for the rock plate, but the method of the embodiment is not used for processing the plastic argillaceous raw material to enable the plastic argillaceous raw material to become the plastic argillaceous standard material, namely, the traditional direct dry grinding, dry impurity removal and dry iron removal are adopted to obtain the pressed powder, the impurity content and whiteness of the obtained powder cannot meet the requirements of the powder for the pressed forming of the rock plate, and in addition, if the dry process is adopted, the energy-saving effect of the pressed powder for the rock plate produced by the traditional wet production process has no obvious advantage.

S2, crushing the barren sandy raw material to a particle size D ₉₀ After the particle size is less than 3mm, adding water to pulpify until the water content is 40-45 percent, and grinding the slurry until the particle size D of the particles in the slurry is ₉₉ And (5) removing impurities, removing iron, dehydrating and drying to obtain the barren sand standard material, wherein the particle size of the barren sand standard material is less than 45 mu m.

Concretely, the barren sandy raw material is firstly added into a jaw crusher to be crushed to a particle size D ₉₀ Less than 60mm, adding a vertical shaft crusher to crush to a particle size D ₉₀ Less than 10mm, adding a rim charge circulating high-pressure roller mill, and finely crushing to a particle size D ₉₀ After the particle size is less than 1mm, introducing stirring Chi Jiashui for pulping, adding the obtained pulp into a spiral classifier for classification, returning the fraction which is more than 1mm, pumping the fraction which is less than 1mm into a stirring mill by a slurry pump, and grinding the fraction to the particle size D of the particles ₉₉ Less than 45 μm, fine removing impurities (100-110 meshes) with abrasive by rotary vibration sieve, removing iron and whitening with electromagnetic iron remover, concentrating with thickener, fine removing impurities with rotary vibration sieve, and dehydrating with high-pressure membrane filter press (to water content)<15%), waste heat and roof solar drying (to moisture content)<6 percent) to obtain dry barren sand granular materials with the water content of less than 6 percent, so that the barren sand raw materials become barren sand standard materials with uniform granularity, low and constant water content and high whiteness.

And S3, mixing, granulating and drying the dried plastic muddy standard material and the dried barren sand standard material according to the proportioning requirement to obtain the powder for press forming.

The qualified powder is introduced into a centrifugal powder concentrator and enters a storage bin after passing through a bag type dust collector.

The standard material in the storage bin is accurately weighed by a dry powder metering bin and a rotor scale and then enters a cross-flow multistage strengthening granulator for granulation, and the granulated particles enter a fluidized bed dryer for drying and forming and then enter the powder storage bin.

Because the granularity of various raw materials is uniform and the moisture is constant, the raw materials have good fluidity and high metering precision, and can be metered and weighed by a weightless scale, and the precision of the ingredients can be ensured.

In contrast, if the plastic muddy material and the barren sandy material are not standardized and have the same fineness, moisture and granularity, segregation is caused in the batching, grinding and granulating stages, and further the fluctuation of the components of the batched ceramic formula material is caused, and the stable production of the production line is influenced.

Example 2

This example illustrates a dry production apparatus for a powder for ceramic press molding by illustrating the specific actions of the respective devices. Referring to fig. 1-4, the apparatus includes a plastic muddy material processing device (fig. 1), a barren sandy material processing device (fig. 2) and a forming device (fig. 3 and 4), wherein the plastic muddy material processing device, the barren sandy material processing device and the forming device are connected for transmitting the standard material which is processed correspondingly to the forming device to be pressed into a blank.

Plasticity argillaceous raw material processing apparatus is including the feed mechanism that sets up in order, pulp mechanism, rubbing crusher constructs, edulcoration deironing mechanism and dehydration mechanism, feed mechanism is arranged in adding plasticity argillaceous raw materials and water in pulp mechanism, pulp mechanism is arranged in mixing raw materials and water and obtains thick liquids and add rubbing crusher constructs with it, rubbing crusher constructs and is arranged in smashing the granule in thick liquids to leading-in edulcoration deironing in the deironing mechanism behind the settlement particle diameter, dehydration mechanism is arranged in with the thick liquids dehydration and the drying after the deironing.

Specifically, the feeding mechanism comprises a vehicle and/or a hopper, the vehicle and/or the hopper is arranged above the double-shaft plough type matching machine 1 and is used for feeding the plastic muddy raw material to the double-shaft plough type matching machine 1; the slurrying mechanism comprises a double-shaft plough type scooping machine 1 and at least one stirring tank (in the embodiment, a vertical stirring tank 2 is used) and is used for cutting large plastic muddy materials and mixing the materials with water for slurrying; the crushing mechanism comprises a vertical stirring mill 3 which feeds the slurry of the free standing stirring tank 2 into the vertical stirring mill 3 through a slurry pump 11 for grinding, and the vertical stirring mill 3 is connected with an electromagnetic iron remover 5 through a rotary vibrating screen 4, thereby screening and removing iron from the first slurry obtained after grinding.

The dehydration drying mechanism comprises a thickener 6, a high-pressure membrane filter press 7 and an optional waste heat supply assembly and a solar drying assembly 9 which are arranged in sequence, wherein a rotary vibration sieve 7 and a feeding pump 12 are arranged between the thickener and the high-pressure membrane filter press, a secondary pressurizing pump 13 is also arranged on the high-pressure membrane filter press 7, and a crusher is arranged between the high-pressure membrane filter press 7 and the solar drying assembly 9; in this embodiment, the crusher is a horizontal crusher 8, the horizontal crusher 8 is connected with the optional waste heat supply module and the feeding end of the solar drying module 9 through a distributor 14, and the discharging end of the solar drying module 9 is connected with a plurality of bins.

Wherein, the raw material transport vehicle transports the plastic muddy raw material to a set position and then adds the plastic muddy raw material into a hopper, simultaneously, water is added into a double-shaft plough type scooping machine 1 through a water pipe or a sprayer for primary mixing, then the plastic muddy raw material is led into a vertical stirring pool 2 through a pipeline for further mixing and slurrying to obtain first slurry, the first slurry is pumped into a crushing mechanism through a slurry pump, namely, the first slurry is ground in a vertical stirring mill 3 to a set particle size, for example, to particles D in the vertical stirring mill ₉₉ Less than 45 μm.

A hydrocyclone is further arranged between the vertical stirring mill 3 and the rotary vibration sieve 4, the position of the hydrocyclone 10 is higher than that of the vertical stirring mill 3, slurry ground by the vertical stirring mill 3 is pumped into the hydrocyclone 10, when the slurry passes through the hydrocyclone 10, large particles and a large amount of water flow back to the vertical stirring tank 2 through a pipeline, and the slurry with small particles is input into the rotary vibration sieve 4 through the pipeline to be sieved.

On the other hand, a waste heat supply assembly (not shown in fig. 1-4) is optionally arranged in the workshop/factory building and is used for introducing high-temperature waste gas in the production process into the belt dryer to dry the materials, for example, the materials on the solar drying assembly. The waste heat supply assembly is arranged in a region where hot gas can be fed to the corresponding material through a pipeline.

The waste heat in the waste heat supply assembly is from any plant/plant that can produce waste heat, for example, the waste heat can be from: 1) Hot gas at the tail end of the ceramic tile discharged from the kiln; 2) Hot gas after heat dissipation at the top of the kiln; 3) Hot gas after heat exchange with the waste gas at the outlet of the multilayer dryer; 4) The green brick radiates the generated hot air.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the case of utilizing waste heat, waste heat from, for example, a kiln, a drying device, a green brick heat dissipation device, a green brick storage field and the like passes through a solar drying assembly 9, the solar drying assembly 9 is disposed on a

top plate

63 or 76 of a workshop/factory building, and includes a plurality of light-transmitting plates and a plurality of

mesh belts

15 or 66 or 74, wherein the light-transmitting plates and the

top plate

63 or 76 are surrounded to form an accommodating space, the

mesh belts

15 or 66 or 74 are located in the accommodating space, the accommodating space is communicated with the interior of the workshop/factory building, adjacent mesh belts are connected by a distributor 14, the distributor 14 is disposed at a discharging end of the

mesh belt

15 or 66, a discharging end of the mesh belt located at the lowest end is connected with a bin, the bin is connected with a forming device through a pipeline, the number of the bins is one or more, a weightlessness scale is disposed at the bottom of the bin, a valve may be disposed between the bin and the forming device.

The waste heat supply and solar drying module 9 may also comprise a tiled structure (fig. 5) and a stacked structure (fig. 6).

In the flat-type structure, the light-transmitting plate comprises an upper plate 61 and a side plate 62, the upper plate 61 is arranged above a top plate 63 and is basically parallel to the top plate, the side plate 62 is positioned on one side of the lower upper plate 61, a gap for allowing waste heat or air to pass through is formed between the side plate and the top plate, an accommodating space is formed by the upper plate 61, the side plate 62 and the top plate 63, and the lower part of the accommodating space is communicated with the interior of a workshop or a factory building through the gap to form a waste heat or air channel. A plurality of mesh belts are arranged above the top plate 63 and arranged from low to high, and adjacent mesh belts are connected by a distributor and driven by a driving device, and an axial flow fan 65 is arranged on the high side of the upper plate 61 and the side plate 62, thereby promoting the flow of gas in the accommodating space. The arrows show the flow path of the heat-carrying air.

In the laminated structure, the light-transmitting plate comprises a first side plate 73 and a second side plate 72 which are oppositely arranged, the first side plate 73 and the second side plate 72 are arranged above a top plate 76, a gap is formed between the second side plate 72 and the top plate 76, the gap can be used as a channel for carrying heat gas, the first side plate 73, the top plate 76 and the second side plate 72 form an accommodating space, a plurality of mesh belts 14 are stacked in the accommodating space above the top plate 76 from top to bottom, an inclined plate is further arranged on the top of the first side plate 73, the inclined angle of the inclined plate is smaller than 90 degrees, can be smaller than 60 degrees, for example is 45 degrees, and the projection of the inclined plate in the vertical direction is larger than the area of the tops of the first side plate 73 and the second side plate 72. The arrows show the flow path of the heat-carrying air.

The barren sandy raw material processing device (figure 2) comprises a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a grinding mechanism, an impurity removal and iron removal mechanism and a dehydration and drying mechanism which are arranged in sequence.

The feeding mechanism includes vibrating feeder 21, and vibrating feeder 21's top is provided with the hopper, and the hopper can set up to the discharge pit structure, and the barren sand matter raw materials are unloaded after transporting to the discharge pit through haulage vehicle, and the hopper top is provided with water tank and two-fluid spraying dust fall mechanism, and water in the water tank is spouted in the hopper through two-fluid spraying dust fall mechanism in order to reduce the raise dust, reentrant vibrating feeder 21.

The crushing mechanism comprises a jaw crusher 40 and a vertical shaft crusher 22, the vibrating feeder 21 is connected with the jaw crusher and realizes feeding, and barren sandy raw materials are subjected to primary crushing in the jaw crusher until the particle diameter D of the raw materials ₉₀ After less than 60mm, the mixture enters a vertical shaft crusher 22 to be crushed again to a particle size D ₉₀ Less than 10mm. Here, the top of the vertical shaft crusher 22 may be further provided with a spray nozzle through which water is sprayed into the vertical shaft crusher 22 to reduce dust.

The grinding mechanism comprises a high-pressure roller mill 23 and a vertical stirring mill 30, the vertical shaft crusher 22 is connected with the high-pressure roller mill 23 through a material stabilizing bin, and a rod type gate valve and a pneumatic gate valve are arranged between the material stabilizing bin and the high-pressure roller mill 23 and used for controlling feeding of the high-pressure roller mill 23; the bottom of high pressure roller mill 23 is provided with rim charge depiler valve 24, and rim charge depiler valve 24 includes two ejection of compact valve ports: the coarse material valve port is connected to the top of the material stabilizing bin through a pipeline and used for guiding coarse materials which are not ground to the required particle size into the high-pressure roller mill 23 through the material stabilizing bin to be ground again; and the fine material valve port is used for guiding the ground slurry with qualified particle size into the stirring tank for stirring.

A spiral classifier 26 may be provided downstream of the high pressure roller mill 23, and a stirring tank 28 and a slurry pump 29 are provided between the spiral classifier 26 and a vertical stirring mill 30. A slurry pump 29 and a hydrocyclone 27 are arranged between the vertical stirring mill 30 and the rotary vibration sieve 33, the hydrocyclone 27 is arranged at a position higher than that of the vertical stirring mill 30, slurry ground by the vertical stirring mill 30 is pumped into the hydrocyclone 27 through the slurry pump 29, when the slurry passes through the hydrocyclone 27, large particles and a large amount of water flow back to the stirring tank 28 through a pipeline, the slurry with small particles enters the rotary vibration sieve 33 through the pipeline, and the slurry screened by the rotary vibration sieve 33 enters the electromagnetic iron remover 34 for iron removal.

The dehydration drying mechanism comprises a thickener 31, a high-pressure membrane filter press 37 and a solar drying component 39 which are sequentially arranged, a rotary vibration sieve 32 and a feeding pump 35 are arranged between the thickener 31 and the high-pressure membrane filter press 37, a secondary pressurizing pump 36 is further arranged on the high-pressure membrane filter press 37, a crusher is arranged between the high-pressure membrane filter press 37 and the solar drying component 39, in the embodiment, the crusher adopts a horizontal crusher 38, the horizontal crusher 38 is connected with the feeding end of the solar drying component 39 through a distributor 14, and the discharging end of the solar drying component 39 is connected with a plurality of bins.

The structure of the solar drying assembly suitable for barren sandy material may be in accordance with the structure of the apparatus for plastic muddy material.

The forming apparatus in the present invention may be a forming apparatus of the related art adapted for powder using a dry production method or an apparatus exemplified below (fig. 3).

The forming device comprises a V-shaped powder concentrator 42, a centrifugal powder concentrator 44, a feeding bin 46, a dry powder metering bin 52, a granulator 53, a dryer 55 and a powder bin 59.

The eccentric vibration mill 43 is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped powder concentrator 42, the V-shaped powder concentrator 42 can be connected with the waste gas of the kiln, and the waste gas is used for drying the raw materials in the V-shaped powder concentrator 42. The V-type powder concentrator 42 is connected to the bins of the plastic muddy material processing apparatus and the barren sandy material processing apparatus, the plastic muddy material and the barren sandy material standard material are screened after entering the V-type powder concentrator 42, wherein the particles with large particle size fall into the eccentric vibrating mill 43, and the particles with small particle size enter the centrifugal powder concentrator 44 for screening again.

A bag type dust collector 45 is arranged between the centrifugal powder concentrator 44 and the feeding bins 46, and the particles screened by the centrifugal powder concentrator 44 enter one or more feeding bins 46 after being processed by the bag type dust collector 45.

Referring to fig. 4, a rotor scale 51 is arranged between the dry powder metering bin 52 and the granulator 53, and the granules in the feeding bin 46 are precisely weighed by the dry powder metering bin 52 and the rotor scale 51 and then enter the granulator 53 for granulation to obtain powder granules.

A quantitative feeder 54 is arranged between the granulator 53 and the fluidized bed dryer 55 for feeding powder particles according to a set weight into the fluidized bed dryer 55 for drying, and the granulator 53 and the fluidized bed dryer 55 can be further connected with a bag type dust collector 57, thereby additionally collecting dust generated in the granulator 53 and the fluidized bed dryer 55.

The powder bins 59 are used for storing powder particles dried by the fluidized bed dryer 55, the number of the powder bins may be greater than or equal to 2, and the heights of different powder bins may be the same or different. The bottom of the powder bin 59 is provided with a rotary screen and/or a conveyor belt, and powder particles in the powder bin enter the conveyor belt through the rotary screen and are conveyed to the compression molding equipment through the conveyor belt.

As another example, various apparatuses used in the present invention can be further explained as follows.

Biax plough formula scooping up machine can have the parallel axis of two coaxial settings, and two parallel axis antiport are provided with the plough blade of different angles on the parallel axis, and the angle of plough blade can be 15 ~ 30 respectively to carry out preliminary mixture to mud and water, the great cubic of volume in the minced mud makes things convenient for stirring the pulp on next step.

The vertical stirring mill comprises a cylinder body, a spiral stirrer, a transmission device, a rack and the like, wherein the spiral stirrer is arranged inside the cylinder body, the end part of the spiral stirrer is connected with the transmission device, the rack is used for fixing the cylinder body, an ore grinding medium (ceramic balls, gravels and garnets) is arranged in the cylinder body, the spiral stirrer is driven by a speed reducer to rotate slowly, the ore grinding medium and a material do integral multidimensional circulating motion and autorotation motion in the cylinder body, the weight pressure of the ore grinding medium generates extrusion force through spiral rotation, and the extrusion force enables the material to be rubbed, impacted and sheared, so as to be effectively ground. The vertical stirring mill has the advantages of low energy consumption, low medium consumption, simple equipment foundation, low installation cost, easy maintenance, small occupied area and low noise, and can save energy by 30 to 50 percent compared with a ball mill. The inventor finds that the finer the granularity of the raw material is, the more obvious the energy-saving effect is when the ceramic powder is applied to the production process of ceramic powder.

A semi-automatic membrane filter press-composite rubber plate type elastic membrane is arranged between a filter plate and filter cloth of the high-pressure membrane filter press, and in the operation process of the filter press, after feeding is finished, a high-pressure fluid medium is injected between the filter plate and the membrane, and then the membrane can be integrally swelled and press a filter cake, so that further dehydration of the filter cake, namely squeezing filtration, is realized. Compared with other filter presses, the high-pressure membrane filter press equipment has the following advantages: the filtering operation time can be shortened, the consumption of operation power is saved, the characteristics of small flow and high pressure are realized in the later filtering stage, the power consumption can be saved, and meanwhile, the water content in a filter cake can be reduced to about 9%; compared with a plate-and-frame filter press, the filter press has the advantages that the effective filtering area is increased, and the filtering speed is accelerated.

Solar drying assembly: in a preferred embodiment, the material placed on the mesh belt can be dried by using sunlight on the roof of the architectural ceramic plant/plant and hot air discharged from the plant, the mesh belt moves slowly under the drive of the driving device, and the sunlight irradiates on the material through the high-light-transmittance glass plate during the movement. In the process, the temperature of the material is raised, so that the moisture in the material is evaporated; in the case of additional waste heat from the workshop, the air carrying the waste heat is introduced from the workshop into the high-transparency glass plates to form a glass room, and moves along the roof under the action of the roof exhaust port and an optional axial flow fan, so that water vapor evaporated from the filter cake can be taken away, the steam partial pressure around the filter cake can be reduced, and the drying of the materials can be promoted.

A spiral classifier: the spiral classifier can be used for classifying powder ground in a mill for filtration by means of a classification device which performs mechanical classification by using the principle that fine ore particles float in water and overflow and coarse ore particles sink at the bottom of a tank and are pushed to the upper part by a spiral to be discharged by virtue of the principle that the settling speeds of the solid particles are different in size and specific gravity, and the coarse ore particles are discharged from an overflow pipe by utilizing a spiral plate rotary vane to screw the coarse ore particles into a feed inlet of the mill.

The high-pressure roller mill comprises: the high-pressure roller mill utilizes a pair of cast nail roller surface alloy rollers which are pressurized through hydraulic pressure to finely crush materials, the whole roller milling process is realized through two rollers which rotate in opposite directions, one roller is fixed, the other roller can move, the extrusion stress between the materials can be adjusted through the roller pressure, and the roller surface projection pressure can reach 8000KN/m ² ～10000KN/m ² . The grinding process is quasi-static pressure grinding, the energy consumption is saved by about 30% in the quasi-static pressure grinding mode relative to the impact grinding mode, and the high-pressure roller mill is used for grinding material layers and mutual grinding between the materials. The grinding effect of the middle position of the roller is better in the grinding mode, the grinding effect of the position close to the edge of the roller is poorer, the material close to the middle position of the roller is fed into the next process as a finished product by arranging the distributing valve, the material close to the edge of the roller is lifted again and then fed into the roller press for grinding again, and the grinding effect of the roller press can be improved; the crushing efficiency of the principle is obviously improved compared with the traditional crushing and ball milling technology, and the abrasion of the roller mill is also obviously reduced.

Eccentric vibration mill: the eccentric vibration mill is characterized in that a cylinder body (a lining of the cylinder body adopts a high-alumina lining plate) and a grinding medium (a high-alumina ceramic ball) which are arranged above a spring form elliptical vibration and linear vibration under the action of a vibration motor and an eccentric block, and the machine can generate elliptical, circular and linear vibration tracks. The uneven vibration increases the mean free path and the probability of collision of individual grinding balls within the mill, thereby doubling the capacity of the mill. Because the ratio of net weight to effective volume of the vibrating body is reduced, compared with the conventional vibrating mill, the unit energy consumption of the vibrating body can be reduced by 50 percent; in experiments, the eccentric vibration mill with low ball loading and small ball diameter grinding media is used for realizing secondary crushing and mixing of ground ceramic raw material pseudo particles.

V type selection powder machine: in order to avoid the pollution of abraded metal iron and oxides to ceramic raw materials caused by scouring of a shell and blades of the powder concentrator by dusty airflow, the V-shaped powder concentrator adopts a high-alumina lining plate so as to prevent the pollution to the ceramic raw materials caused by scouring.

A thickener: this is a solid-liquid separation equipment based on gravity settling effect, which uses a concrete lining rubber lining as a structural material to build a cylindrical shallow slot with a conical bottom, and can concentrate the ore pulp with a solid content of 30% -35% into underflow ore pulp with a solid content of 40% -50% by gravity settling, and the thickened underflow ore pulp is discharged from the underflow port at the bottom of the thickener by the action of a stainless steel rake which is installed in the thickener and runs at a slow speed (1/3-1/5 r/min), so as to achieve the purpose of making the ore pulp (here, the pulp containing the ground raw material).

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

For example, the S1 and the S2 of the project are combined, the ceramic raw material is ground, subjected to impurity removal, iron removal and whitening, filter pressing and dehydration, and dried (solar energy and waste heat) by using a traditional wet ball mill to prepare a standard mixed raw material, and the standard mixed raw material is used for preparing large-size ceramic tiles such as rock boards or large-size board powder for press forming after being processed by the S3.

Claims

1. A dry preparation method of powder for rock plate press forming comprises the following steps:

s1, adding water into a plastic muddy raw material to prepare a first slurry with the water content of 30-60%, and grinding the first slurry until the particle size D of particles in the first slurry is reached ₉₉ When the particle size is less than 45 mu m, removing iron, dehydrating and drying to obtain a dried plastic muddy standard material;

the dehydration comprises the steps of adding the first slurry subjected to iron removal into a thickener for concentration, and then dehydrating by using a membrane filter press;

s2, crushing the barren sandy raw material to a particle size D ₉₀ After the particle size is smaller than 3mm, adding water to prepare a second slurry with the water content of 40-45%, and grinding the second slurry until the particle size D of the particles in the second slurry is ₉₉ Less than 45 mu m, and then removing impurities, removing iron, dehydrating and drying to obtain a dried barren sand standard material;

the dehydration comprises the steps of adding the second slurry subjected to iron removal into a thickener for concentration, and then dehydrating by using a membrane filter press;

the crushing of the barren sandy raw material to a particle size D90 of less than 3mm comprises a multi-stage crushing operation, wherein the multi-stage crushing comprises crushing the barren sandy raw material into granules with the particle size D90 of less than 60mm in a jaw crusher, crushing the barren sandy raw material into granules with the particle size D90 of less than 10mm in a vertical shaft crusher, and finally crushing the barren sandy raw material into granules with the particle size D90 of less than 3mm in a roller mill;

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 of slurrying the plastic mass feedstock with water to a first slurry having a water content of 30% to 60% comprises at least two stages of slurrying operations.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step S1 of slurrying the plastic mass feedstock with water to a first slurry having a water content of 30% to 60% comprises a two-stage slurrying operation.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step S1 of slurrying the plastic mass feedstock with water to a first slurry having a water content of 30% to 60% comprises: firstly, in the first-stage pulping operation, the plastic muddy raw material is pulped by adding water into the plastic muddy raw material slurry with the water content of 20-40%, and then in the second-stage pulping operation, the plastic muddy raw material slurry is continuously pulped by adding water into the plastic muddy raw material slurry with the water content of 30-60%.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before removing iron in step S1, the method further comprises an operation of removing impurities, wherein the removing impurities comprises screening with a screen, and the mesh number of the screen is at least 100 meshes.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 100 to 150 meshes.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 100 to 130 meshes.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that said dehydrating and drying operation in step S1 comprises: firstly, dehydrating the slurry with optional impurity removal and/or iron removal until the water content is less than or equal to 15 percent, and then drying until the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the de-sludging and/or de-sludging slurry is dewatered to a moisture content of 13% or less.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the de-mineralized and/or de-ironed slurry is first dewatered to a water content of 10% or less.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the de-sludging and/or de-sludging slurry is dewatered to a moisture content of 9% or less.

12. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the optionally de-slushed and/or de-ironed and dewatered pulp is dried to a mash, the water content of the dried plastic mash being less than or equal to 5%.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the water content of the dried plastic mass is less than or equal to 4.5%.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterised in that the water content of the dried plastic mass is even less than or equal to 4%.

15. The method of any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the barren grist feedstock is finely divided in the high pressure roller mill into particle sizes D ₉₀ Pellets of less than 2 mm.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the barren gritty feedstock is finely divided into particle sizes D in the high pressure roller mill ₉₀ Pellets smaller than 1 mm.

17. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising, prior to grinding the second slurry, classifying the second slurry to isolate a particle size D ₉₀ Pellets larger than 3mm and returned to the roller mill.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising, after grinding the second slurry, screening the ground slurry to remove impurities.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the removing comprises screening with a screen having a mesh size of 100 to 150 meshes.

20. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the mesh size of the screen is 100 to 130 mesh.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the mesh size of the screen is 100-110 mesh.

22. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising re-comminuting agglomerated dust lumps in the dried plasticine standard and/or the dried barren sand standard prior to the mixing in step S3.

23. The equipment used in the dry preparation method of the powder for rock plate press forming of any one of claims 1 to 22 comprises a plastic muddy material processing device, a barren sandy material processing device and a forming device, wherein the plastic muddy material processing device and the barren sandy material processing device are connected with the forming device, the plastic muddy material processing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a slurrying mechanism, a crushing mechanism, an impurity removal and iron removal mechanism and a dehydration and drying mechanism, the feeding mechanism is used for adding the plastic muddy material and water into the slurrying mechanism, the slurrying mechanism is used for uniformly mixing the raw materials and the water to obtain slurry and adding the slurry into the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is used for crushing particles in the slurry to a set particle size and then introducing the particles into the impurity removal and iron removal mechanism for removing impurities, and the dehydration and drying mechanism is used for drying the slurry after removing the impurities and iron; the barren sand material processing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a grinding mechanism, an impurity removal and iron removal mechanism and a dehydration and drying mechanism.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the grinding mechanism of the barren sandy material processing apparatus comprises a high pressure roller mill and a vertical agitator mill, the bottom of the high pressure roller mill is provided with a rim charge distribution valve, the rim charge distribution valve comprises a coarse material valve port and a fine material valve port, the coarse material valve port is connected to the top of the surge bin through a pipeline for guiding coarse material which is not ground to a desired particle size into the high pressure roller mill through the surge bin for re-grinding; and the fine material valve port is used for guiding the ground slurry with qualified particle size into the stirring tank for stirring.

25. The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, wherein the dehydration drying mechanism comprises a waste heat supply assembly and a solar drying assembly.