CN109925606A - Neutron capture treatment system - Google Patents
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- CN109925606A CN109925606A CN201711347618.5A CN201711347618A CN109925606A CN 109925606 A CN109925606 A CN 109925606A CN 201711347618 A CN201711347618 A CN 201711347618A CN 109925606 A CN109925606 A CN 109925606A
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Abstract
The application provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system, it includes beam-shaping body, it is set to the intracorporal vacuum tube of beam-shaping, beam-shaping body includes beam entrance, accommodate the accommodating chamber of vacuum tube, it is adjacent to the slow body of accommodating chamber end, it is enclosed in slow external reflector, setting is exported in the intracorporal radiation shield of beam-shaping and beam, vacuum tube end is equipped with target, nuclear reaction occurs for target to generate neutron with the charged particle beam from beam entrance incidence, neutron forms neutron beam, neutron beam is exported from beam to be projected and limits a neutron beam axis, slow body will be from the neutron degradation that target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, the neutron that reflector will deviate from is back to slow body, radiation shield is used to shield the neutron and photon of leakage, slow body includes at least two slow bodies of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, slow body With the first end close to beam entrance and the second end close to beam outlet, target is contained between first end and the second end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radioactive ray irradiation system more particularly to a kind of neutron capture treatment systems.
Background technique
As the radiation cures such as the development of atomics, such as cobalt 60, linear accelerator, electron beam have become cancer
One of the main means of disease treatment.However conventional photonic or electronic therapy are limited by radioactive ray physical condition itself, are being killed
While dead tumour cell, normal tissue a large amount of in beam approach can also be damaged；Additionally, due to tumour cell to putting
The difference of radiation-sensitive degree, traditional radiation therapy is for relatively having the malignant tumour of radiation resistance (such as: multirow glioblast
Tumor (glioblastoma multiforme), melanocytoma (melanoma)) treatment effect it is often bad.
Target therapy in order to reduce the radiation injury of tumour surrounding normal tissue, in chemotherapy (chemotherapy)
Concept is just applied in radiation cure；And it is directed to the tumour cell of radiation resistance, also actively development has high phase at present
To the radiation source of biological effect (relative biological effectiveness, RBE), as proton therapeutic, heavy particle are controlled
Treatment, neutron capture treatment etc..Wherein, neutron capture treatment is to combine above two concept, if boron neutron capture is treated, by
Boracic drug gathers in the specificity of tumour cell, and accurately neutron beam regulates and controls for cooperation, provides more better than conventional radiation
Treatment of cancer selection.
Because the effect of boron neutron capture treatment depends on tumour cell position boracic drug concentration and thermal neutron quantity, therefore again
Referred to as binary radioactive ray treatment of cancer (binary cancer therapy)；It follows that in addition to the exploitation of boracic drug,
Neutron penetrates source flux and the improvement of quality occupies key player in the research that boron neutron capture is treated.
In addition, various radioactive ray can be generated during radiation cure, as boron neutron capture therapeutic process generates low energy extremely
Neutron, the photon of high energy, these radioactive ray may cause different degrees of damage to human normal tissue.Therefore in radioactive ray
How therapy field reduces the radiation to external environment, medical worker or patient's normal tissue while reaching effective treatment
Pollution is a particularly important project.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose the new technical solution of one kind to solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, one embodiment of the application provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system, neutron capture
Treatment system includes beam-shaping body, is set to the intracorporal vacuum tube of beam-shaping, and beam-shaping body includes beam entrance, accommodates
The accommodating chamber of vacuum tube, the slow body for being adjacent to accommodating chamber end are enclosed in slow external reflector, are arranged in beam-shaping
Intracorporal radiation shield and beam outlet, vacuum tube end are equipped with target, target and the charged particle beam from beam entrance incidence
Nuclear reaction occurs to generate neutron, neutron forms neutron beam, and neutron beam is exported to project and limit a neutron from beam and be penetrated
Beam axis, slow body is by from the neutron degradation that target generates to epithermal neutron energy area, and the neutron that reflector will deviate from is back to slow
Fast body is to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam, and the neutron and photon that radiation shield is used to shield leakage are to reduce non-irradiated area just
Normal tissue dose, slow body include at least two slow bodies of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, and slow body has to be entered close to beam
The first end of mouth and the second end exported close to beam, target are contained between first end and the second end.
Compared with prior art, the technical solution that the present embodiment is recorded has the advantages that slow body includes two
The slow body of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, and target is contained in slowly in vivo, be can reduce material cost and is substantially reduced fast
The intensity of neutron improves neutron beam quality.
Further, slow body includes the first slow body of close beam entrance and fits closely and lean on the first slow body
Second slow body of close-range shot beam outlet, the first slow body include at least two slow bodies of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, beam
Entrance, slow body and beam outlet extend each along neutron beam axis, and the distance that target to beam exports is less than first end
The distance exported to beam.
Preferably, the first slow body includes three slow bodies of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, and the first slow body includes leaning on
It the slow portion of the first of close-range shot beam entrance, the second slow portion fitted closely with the first slow portion and is fitted closely with the second slow portion
The slow portion of third, the first, second, third slow portion is arranged successively along neutron beam axis direction, and first, second, third is slow
The overall diameter of fast portion and the second slow body is respectively the first, second, third, fourth overall diameter, the first overall diameter less than second outside
Diameter, the second overall diameter are less than third overall diameter, and third overall diameter is equal to the 4th overall diameter.
Further, the first slow portion has the first front end face close to beam entrance, after the first of beam outlet
End face and the first outer circumference surface；Second slow portion has the second front end face fitted closely with the first rear end face, goes out close to beam
The second rear end face and the second outer circumference surface of mouth；The slow portion of third have fitted closely with the second rear end face third front end face,
Third rear end face and third outer circumference surface close to beam outlet；Second slow body has the fitted closely with third rear end face
Four front end faces, the 4th rear end face and the 4th outer circumference surface close to beam outlet, the first, second, third, fourth front end face and the
One, second, third, be parallel to each other between the 4th rear end face and vertical with neutron beam axis, across neutron beam axis
Section is vertical with the second front end face with the intersection of the first outer circumference surface, section and the second outer circumference surface across neutron beam axis
Intersection it is vertical with third front end face.
Further, in the section for passing through neutron beam axis, the first front end face intersects to obtain with the first outer circumference surface
First intersection point, the second front end face intersect to obtain the second intersection point, third front end face and third outer circumference surface phase with the second outer circumference surface
Friendship obtains third intersection point, and the first, second, third intersection point is located on the same line.
Preferably, fill reflection compensation body between accommodating chamber and vacuum tube, reflection compensation body be lead or Al or Teflon or
C。
Preferably, first end protrudes from target, the second end edge along the direction of neutron beam axis toward beam entrance
Neutron beam axis protrude from target toward the direction that beam exports.
Further, reflector protrudes slow body in the two sides of neutron beam axis, and accommodating chamber includes being enclosed by reflector
Reflector accommodating chamber and the extension of reflexive beam accommodating chamber made of if are enclosed slow body accommodating chamber, vacuum made of setting as slow body
Pipe includes the extended segment being contained in reflector accommodating chamber and the insertion for extending from extended segment and being contained in slow body accommodating chamber
Section, target are set to the end of insertion section.
Further, neutron capture treatment system further includes at least one cooling device, is equipped at least in beam-shaping body
The receiving pipeline of one receiving cooling device, is filled with metal or aluminium alloy between cooling device and the inner wall for accommodating pipeline.
Further, neutron capture treatment system further includes set on beam entrance and fitting closely setting with beam-shaping body
Shield.
" cone " described in the embodiment of the present application or " cone " refer to along diagram direction side to the other side its
The gradually smaller structure of the overall trend of outer profile, the whole surface of outer profile can be rounding off, be also possible to non-circular
It slips over and crosses, such as done many protrusions and grooves in coniform body surface face.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the neutron capture treatment system in the embodiment of the present application one, wherein the second of cooling device is cold
But portion and third cooling end are parallel with neutron beam axis；
Fig. 2 is the neutron capture treatment system for being not filled by reflection compensation body and reflection compensation object in the embodiment of the present application one
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the present application one along Fig. 1 perpendicular to neutron beam axis and pass through the second slow portion in
The cross-sectional view of son capture treatment system；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the neutron capture treatment system in the embodiment of the present application two, wherein slow body is arranged to bipyramid
The slow body of shape；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlargement diagram of the cooling device of the neutron capture treatment system in the embodiment of the present application one, two；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the neutron capture treatment system in the embodiment of the present application three, wherein the second of cooling device is cold
But portion and third cooling end are vertical with neutron beam axis；
Fig. 7 is the target material structure schematic diagram in the neutron capture treatment system in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 8 is the neutron capture treatment system that removal cooling device and target do not extend into slow body in the embodiment of the present application four
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is to remove cooling device and the first slow body in the embodiment of the present application five to control for the neutron capture of the slow body of no rank
The schematic diagram for the treatment of system；
Figure 10 is to remove cooling device and the first slow body in the embodiment of the present application six to control for the neutron capture of the slow body of 2 ranks
The schematic diagram for the treatment of system；
Figure 11 is to remove cooling device and the first slow body in the embodiment of the present application seven to control for the neutron capture of the slow body of 4 ranks
The schematic diagram for the treatment of system；
Figure 12 is that cooling device and the first slow body are removed in the embodiment of the present application eight as the neutron capture of the slow body of 10 ranks
The schematic diagram for the treatment of system；
Specific embodiment
Neutron capture treatment as a kind of effective treating cancer means in recent years using gradually increasing, wherein with boron
Neutron capture treatment is most commonly seen, and the neutron of supply boron neutron capture treatment can be supplied by nuclear reactor or accelerator.This Shen
By taking the treatment of accelerator boron neutron capture as an example, the basic module of accelerator boron neutron capture treatment generally includes to use embodiment please
It is whole in accelerator, neutron generating unit and the hot removal system and beam accelerated to charged particle (such as proton, deuteron)
Body.Wherein accelerate charged particle and the effect of metal neutron generating unit to generate neutron, according to required neutron yield rate and energy, can
The characteristics such as the acceleration charged particle energy of offer and the materialization of size of current, metal neutron generating unit are anti-to select suitable core
It answers.The nuclear reaction being often discussed has7Li(p,n)7Be and9Be(p,n)9B, both reactions are all the endothermic reaction, two kinds of nuclear reactions
Energy threshold be respectively 1.881MeV and 2.055MeV.Since the ideal neutron source of boron neutron capture treatment is keV energy etc.
The epithermal neutron of grade can produce phase if being theoretically only slightly taller than the proton bombardment lithium metal neutron generating unit of threshold values using energy
To the neutron of low energy, clinic can be used for by being not necessary to too many slow processing, however in two kinds of lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal (Be)
Sub- generating unit and the proton-effect section of threshold values energy be not high, to generate sufficiently large neutron flux, usually selects higher-energy
Proton cause nuclear reaction.
Ideal target should have high neutron yield rate, the neutron energy of generation is distributed (will be under close to epithermal neutron energy area
Text detailed description), without wear by force too much radiation generate, the characteristics such as cheap easily operated and high temperature resistant of safety, but actually and can not
It finds and meets required nuclear reaction.Using target made of lithium metal in embodiments herein.But art technology
Known to personnel, the material of target can also be made of other metal materials other than the above-mentioned metal material talked about.
Requirement for hot removal system is then different according to the nuclear reaction of selection, such as7Li(p,n)7Be is because of metal targets (lithium
Metal) fusing point and thermal conductivity coefficient it is poor, requirement to hot removal system just compared with9Be(p,n)9B high.It is adopted in embodiments herein
With7Li(p,n)7The nuclear reaction of Be.It follows that being accelerated the temperature of the target of charged particle beam irradiation by same high-energy level
It will necessarily be substantially increased, to influence the service life of target.
No matter boron neutron capture treatment nuclear reaction of the neutron source from nuclear reactor or accelerator charged particle and target,
What is generated is all mixed radiation field, i.e., beam contains neutron, photon of the low energy to high energy.The boron neutron of deep tumor is caught
Treatment is obtained, other than epithermal neutron, remaining radiation content is more, causes the ratio of the non-selective dosage deposition of normal tissue
It is bigger, therefore these radiation that will cause unnecessary dosage should reduce as far as possible.In addition to air beam quality factor, in knowing more about
Son in human body caused by dosage be distributed, carry out Rapid Dose Calculation using human body head tissue prosthese in embodiments herein, and
With prosthese beam quality factor as the design reference of neutron beam, will be described in more detail below.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is directed to the neutron source of clinical boron neutron capture treatment, penetrates given five air
Beam quality factor suggestion, this five suggestions can be used for the superiority and inferiority of the different neutron sources of comparison, and be provided with as select neutron generate way
Reference frame when diameter, design beam-shaping body.This five suggestion difference are as follows:
Epithermal neutron beam flux Epithermal neutron flux > 1x 109n/cm2s
Fast neutron pollutes Fast neutron contamination < 2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n
Photon contamination Photon contamination < 2x 10-13Gy-cm2/n
Ratio < 0.05 thermal and epithermal neutron flux ratio thermal to epithermal neutron flux
Neutron current and ratio > 0.7 flux ratio epithermal neutron current to flux
Note: subzone is hankered less than 0.5eV, fast-neutron range is greater than between 0.5eV to 40keV in epithermal neutron energy area
40keV。
1, epithermal neutron beam flux:
Boracic drug concentration has codetermined the clinical treatment time in neutron beam flux and tumour.If tumour boracic drug
The enough height of concentration, the requirement for neutron beam flux can reduce；Conversely, needing high pass if boracic drug concentration is low in tumour
Epithermal neutron is measured to give tumour enough dosage.Requirement of the IAEA for epithermal neutron beam flux is per second every square centimeter
Epithermal neutron number be greater than 109, the neutron beam under this flux can substantially control treatment for current boracic drug
Time, short treatment time, can also relatively effective use boracic medicine other than advantageous to patient's positioning and comfort level in one hour
Object limited residence time in tumour.
2, fast neutron pollutes:
Since fast neutron will cause unnecessary normal tissue dose, regard as pollution, this dosage size and neutron
Energy is positively correlated, therefore should reduce the content of fast neutron to the greatest extent in neutron beam design.Fast neutron pollution definition is unit
The adjoint fast neutron dosage of epithermal neutron flux, IAEA are less than 2x 10 to the suggestion that fast neutron pollutes-13Gy-cm2/n。
3, photon contamination (gamma-ray contamination):
Gamma-rays, which belongs to, wears radiation by force, can non-selectively cause the organized dosage deposition of institute on course of the beam, therefore
Reduce gamma-rays content be also neutron beam design exclusive requirement, gamma-ray contamination define for unit epithermal neutron flux it is adjoint
Gamma-rays dosage, IAEA are less than 2x 10 to the suggestion of gamma-ray contamination-13Gy-cm2/n。
4, thermal and epithermal neutron flux ratio:
Since thermal neutron decay speed is fast, penetration capacity is poor, into human body after most of energy be deposited on skin histology, remove
It is swollen for deep layers such as brain tumors outside the neutron source that the Several Epidermal Tumors such as melanocytoma need to use thermal neutron to treat as boron neutron capture
Tumor should reduce thermal neutron content.IAEA is less than 0.05 to thermal and epithermal neutron flux ratio suggestion.
5, middle electron current and flux ratio:
Middle electron current and flux ratio represent the directionality of beam, and tropism is good before the bigger expression neutron beam of ratio, high
The neutron beam of preceding tropism can reduce because neutron diverging caused by normal surrounding tissue dosage, in addition also improve can treat depth and
Put pose gesture elasticity.IAEA centering electron current and flux ratio suggestion are greater than 0.7.
In order to make the beam-shaping body of neutron capture treatment system while reducing manufacturing cost, can obtain preferable
Neutron beam quality, shown referring to Fig.1, the embodiment of the present application one provides a kind of neutron capture treatment system 1, neutron capture treatment
System 1 includes beam-shaping body 10, the cooling device 20 in beam-shaping body 10, vacuum tube 30 and is set to beam-shaping body
10 shields 40 that are outer and fitting closely the setting of beam-shaping body 10.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, beam-shaping body 10 include beam entrance 11, the accommodating chamber 12 for accommodating vacuum tube 30,
Receiving pipeline 13, the slow body 14 for being adjacent to 12 end of accommodating chamber for accommodating cooling device 20 surround the anti-of slow body 14
Beam 15, the thermal neutron absorber 16 adjacent with slow body 14, the radiation shield 17 and beam being arranged in beam-shaping body 10
Outlet 18.The end of vacuum tube 30 is equipped with target 31, target 31 and electrification incident and across vacuum tube 30 from beam entrance 11
Nuclear reaction occurs for the particle beams to generate neutron, and neutron forms neutron beam, and neutron beam projects from beam outlet 18 and limits one
The neutron beam axis X 1 that root is overlapped with the central axis of vacuum tube 30.Slow body 14 by the neutron degradation generated from target 31 extremely
Epithermal neutron energy area, the neutron that reflector 15 will deviate from neutron beam axis X 1 are penetrated back to slow body 14 with improving epithermal neutron
Beam intensity.Reflector 15 protrudes slow body 14 in the two sides of neutron beam axis X 1.Thermal neutron absorber 16 is for absorbing heat
Multi-dose was caused with shallow-layer normal tissue when neutron is to avoid treatment.Radiation shield 17 is used to shield the neutron and photon of leakage
To reduce the normal tissue dose in non-irradiated area.
Accelerator neutron capture treatment system by accelerator by charged particle beam acceleration, as a kind of preferred embodiment,
Target 31 is made of lithium metal, specifically, by7Li content be 98%,6Li content is made of 2% lithium metal, charged particle beam
The energy for being enough to overcome target atom core coulomb repulsion is accelerated to, is occurred with target 317Li(p,n)7Be nuclear reaction to generate in
Son, beam-shaping body 10 can be by neutron slowly to epithermal neutron energy area, and reduces thermal neutron and fast neutron content.Slow body 14 by
The material big with fast neutron action section, epithermal neutron action section is small is made, and reflector 15 is by with neutron reflection ability
Strong material is made, and thermal neutron absorber 16 is made of the material big with thermal neutron action section.As a kind of preferred embodiment,
Slow body 14 is by MgF2With account for MgF2Weight percent be 4.6% LiF be mixed, reflector 15 is made of Pb, thermal neutron
Absorber 16 by6Li is made.Radiation shield 17 includes photon shielding 171 and neutron shield 172, as a kind of preferred embodiment,
Radiation shield 17 includes the shielding of the photon made of lead (Pb) 171 and the neutron shield 172 made of polyethylene (PE).Such as Fig. 7
Shown, target 31 includes lithium target layer 311 and is used to prevent the anti oxidation layer of the oxidation of lithium target layer 311 positioned at 311 side of lithium target layer
312.The anti oxidation layer 312 of target 31 is made of Al or stainless steel.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, slow body 14 include close to beam entrance 11 the first slow body 140 and with the first slow body
140 fit closely and export close to beam 18 the second slow body 144, and slow body 14 has the first end close to beam entrance 11
Portion 146, the second end 148 close to beam outlet 18 and the third end between first end 146 and the second end 148
147, third end 147 is between the first slow body 140 and the second slow body 144.Beam entrance 11, slow body 14 and beam
Outlet 18 extends each along neutron beam axis X 1, and the distance of target 31 to beam outlet 18 is less than first end 146 and arrives beam
The distance of outlet 18, in other words, first end 146 protrudes from target along the direction of neutron beam axis X toward beam entrance 11
Material 31, the second end 148 protrude from target 31 along the direction of neutron beam axis X 1 toward beam outlet 18.First slow body
140 are made of at least two overall diameter difference, the identical slow body of hollow cylindrical shape of interior diameter.- 2, Fig. 6 and figure referring to Fig.1
Shown in 8, in embodiment one, embodiment three, example IV, the first slow body 140 is identical by 3 overall diameter differences, interior diameters
Hollow cylindrical shape slow body composition, the first slow body 140 and the second slow body 144 by from the mold of correspondingly-sized at
If the slow body of the dry plate of type is spliced by being laminated after the process such as polishing, polishing.Specifically, the first slow body 140
Including close to the first slow portion 141 of beam entrance 11, be located at 141 right side of the first slow portion and with the first slow portion 141 it is close
Second slow portion 142 of fitting and the third fitted closely positioned at 142 right side of the second slow portion and with the second slow portion 142 are slow
Portion 143 forms, that is to say, that the first, second, third slow portion 141,142,143 is successively arranged along 1 direction of neutron beam axis X
Column.The overall diameter of first, second, third slow portion 141,142,143 and the second slow body 144 is respectively first, second,
Three, the 4th overall diameter, the first overall diameter are less than third overall diameter, third overall diameter etc. less than the second overall diameter, the second overall diameter
It is equal in the interior diameter of the 4th overall diameter, the first, second, third slow portion 141,142,143.First, second, third slow portion
141,142,143 central axis is overlapped with the center line of the second slow body 144, and the central axis and neutron beam axis X 1 are also
It is overlapped.First slow portion 141 has the first front end face 1411, the first rear end face 1412, first positioned at right side positioned at left side
Outer circumference surface 1413 and the first inner peripheral surface 1414；Second slow portion 142 has the second front end face 1421 positioned at left side, is located at
Second rear end face 1422, the second outer circumference surface 1423 and second inner peripheral surface 1424 on right side；The slow portion 143 of third, which has, to be located at
The third front end face 1431 in left side, third rear end face 1432, third outer circumference surface 1433 and third inner peripheral surface positioned at right side
1434；Second slow body 144 has the 4th front end face 1441, the 4th rear end face 1442 and the 4th positioned at right side positioned at left side
Outer circumference surface 1443.First, second, third, fourth front end face 1411,1421,1431,1441 and first, second, third,
It is parallel to each other between four rear end faces 1412,1422,1432,1442 and vertical with neutron beam axis X 1, the first slow portion 141
The first rear end face 1412 and second front end face 1421 in the second slow portion 142 fit closely, the second slow portion 142 second after
End face 1422 and the third front end face 1431 in the slow portion 143 of third fit closely, the third rear end face 1432 in the slow portion 143 of third
It is fitted closely with the 4th front end face 1441 of the second slow body 144.Section and the first excircle across neutron beam axis X 1
The intersection in face 1413 is vertical with the second front end face 1421, across section and the second outer circumference surface 1423 of neutron beam axis X 1
Intersection is vertical with third front end face 1431, the third outer circumference surface 1433 in the slow portion of third and the second slow body 144 the 4th outside
It is seamlessly transitted between periphery 1443.As shown in Fig. 2, in the section for passing through neutron beam axis X 1, the first slow portion 141
First front end face 1411 intersects to obtain the first intersection point 1410, second front end in the second slow portion 142 with the first outer circumference surface 1413
Intersect to obtain with the second outer circumference surface 1,423 second intersection point 1420 in face 1421, the third front end face 1431 in the slow portion 143 of third with
The intersection of third outer circumference surface 1433 obtains third intersection point 1430, and the first, second, third intersection point 1410,1420,1430 is located at same
On straight line X2, the angle between straight line X2 and neutron beam axis X 1 is less than 90 degree.Reflector 15, which has, surrounds slow body
14 inner surface 150, the first front end face 1411, first outer circumference surface 1413, the second front end of the inner surface 150 and slow body 14
Face 1421, the second outer circumference surface 1423, third front end face 1431, third outer circumference surface 1433, the 4th rear end face 1442 and the 4th
Outer circumference surface 1443 fits closely.
As shown in 1-2, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, in embodiment one, embodiment three, example IV, the first slow body 140 is by 3
Overall diameter is different, the slow body composition of the identical concentric hollow cylindrical shape of interior diameter, from perpendicular to neutron beam axis X 1
Direction observation, the outer profile in the first, second, third slow portion 141,142,143 combines in step-like, as a result, will
First slow body 140 is named as the slow body of 3 ranks.As shown in figs. 10-12, in embodiment six into embodiment eight, the first slow body
140 are made of 2,4,10 overall diameter differences, the identical slow body of hollow cylindrical shape of interior diameter, i.e., the first slow body
140 can be 2 ranks, 4 ranks, the slow body of 10 ranks, and in other embodiments, the first slow body 140 can also be by other numbers
Overall diameter is different, the slow body composition of the identical hollow cylindrical shape of interior diameter, such as 12,15 etc..In other embodiment party
In formula, the second slow body 144 can be also arranged to be in step-like slow body；Cylindrical body can also be replaced with polygon-prism body
Form slow body；In addition, the first, second, third intersection point 1410,1420,1430 can be not arranged on the same straight line, can be located at
On one camber line；Furthermore it is possible to according to actual needs, set part non-hollow for the slow portion for forming the first slow body 140
Structure；The central axis of the central axis in each slow portion of the first slow body 140 and the second slow body 14 can not weigh mutually
It closes.
In general, if slow body passes through the techniques such as polishing, polishing by the slow body of dry plate of the die for molding from correspondingly-sized
Stacking is spliced after processing, and molding slow body is discoid from grinding tool, when slow body is designed to an entire cylindrical body
Shape or it is cone-shaped when, the volume of consumed slow body material is size of the slow body in 1 direction of neutron beam axis X
With the product of the floor space of disk, it should be noted that cone-shaped slow body be polished by cylindric slow body, that is,
It says, slow body is designed to that the volume of cylindrical shape or cone-shaped required material is identical.And in this application, by
One slow body 140 designs the slow body of stepped, in size of the slow body on 1 direction of neutron beam axis X and slow body
Under the premise of maximum gauge is constant, the floor space because forming the slow discoid slow body of each rank is gradually increased, then this Shen
Please in slow body be designed as slow body material needed for step-like slow body be less than that slow body is designed to an entire cylindrical body
Material needed for shape or cone-shaped slow body.It can thus be seen that the step-like slow body of the application can greatly reduce manufacture
The material of slow body, to reduce manufacturing cost.
Referring to shown in Fig. 2, accommodating chamber 12 be enclosed as the first slow body 140 of reflector 15 and slow body 14 set made of circle
Cylinder chamber.Accommodating chamber 12 include enclosed as reflector 15 set made of reflector accommodating chamber 121 and reflexive beam accommodating chamber 121 extend
Slow body accommodating chamber 122 made of setting is enclosed as the first slow body 140 of slow body 14, i.e., slow body accommodating chamber 122 is by first,
Two, first, second, third inner peripheral surface 1414,1424,1434 in the slow portion 141,142,143 of third, which encloses, sets.Vacuum tube
30 include the extended segment 32 surrounded by reflector 15 and extend the insertion section 34 of the slow body 14 of insertion, extended segment 32 from extended segment 32
It is contained in reflector accommodating chamber 121, insertion section 34 is contained in slow body accommodating chamber 122.Target 31 is set to vacuum tube 30
It is embedded in the end of section 34, the end is concordant with the third rear end face 1432 of the first slow body 140.In embodiment one to three and implement
In example five to eight, 30 part of vacuum tube is embedded in slow body 14, i.e., target 31 is set in slow body 14.Target 31 is protruded into
The sounding mark of slow body 14 is X, and the value of X is equal to the size of the slow body accommodating chamber 122 on the direction of neutron beam axis X 1,
The size of first slow body 140 i.e. on the direction of neutron beam axis X 1.
In other embodiments, the depth X that target 31 protrudes into slow body 14 can be less than or greater than the first slow body 140
Size on 1 direction of neutron beam axis X, i.e. target 31, which can be set into upwardly extend in 1 side of neutron beam axis X, not to be surpassed
It crosses the first slow body 140 or extends beyond the first slow body 140 and extend into the second slow body 144, correspondingly, when target 31
It is arranged to when 1 side of neutron beam axis X upwardly extends and is less than the first slow body 140, the first slow body 140 is arranged to part
Non-hollow structure, when target 31 is arranged to extend upwardly beyond the first slow body 140 in 1 side of neutron beam axis X and extends into
When entering the second slow body 144, the first slow body 140 is hollow structure, and the second slow body 144 is part hollow structure.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, there are gaps between accommodating chamber 12 and vacuum tube 30, are filled in the gap
Reflection compensation body 50, reflection compensation body 50 are can to absorb or the Pb or Al or Teflon (Teflon) or C of reflected neutron.Reflection
Compensating body 50 can enter reflection or scattering in the neutron reflection to slow body 14 or reflector 15 in the gap, to increase
The intensity and then reduction irradiated body of epithermal neutron need the illuminated time.On the other hand, to avoid neutron from leaking into beam whole
Adverse effect is caused to the instrument of neutron capture treatment system outside body 10, improves radiogical safety.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, accommodating pipeline 13 includes extending and being located at 12 liang of accommodating chamber along 1 direction of neutron beam axis X
Second, third of side and the setting of 180 ° of interval accommodate pipeline 132,133 and the plane vertical with neutron beam axis X 1 are arranged in
The first receiving pipeline 131 that is interior and being located between target 31 and slow body 14.Second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 in neutron
The side of beam axis X1 extends upwardly beyond accommodating chamber 12 and is connected to respectively with the first receiving pipeline 131.That is, first holds
Pipeline 131 of receiving is located at the end of accommodating chamber 12 and is located between target 31 and slow body 14, and second accommodates pipeline 132 and third appearance
Pipeline 133 of receiving is located at the two sides of accommodating chamber 12 and is connected to respectively with the first receiving pipeline 131, so that entire accommodate pipe
Road 30 is in " Contraband " type structure setting.As shown in connection with fig. 2, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and respectively includes being located at reflector appearance
Second, third reflector in the outside of chamber 121 received accommodates pipeline 1321,1331 and accommodates pipeline from second, third reflector respectively
1321,1331 second, third slow portion for extending and being located at slow 122 outside of body accommodating chamber accommodate pipeline 1322,1332.This reality
It applies in mode, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and extends along 1 direction of neutron beam axis X and be parallel to neutron beam axis
X1, i.e., second, third angle accommodated between pipeline 132,133 and neutron beam axis X 1 is 0 °.
In embodiment one, two, second, third accommodate pipeline 132,133 be not connected to accommodating chamber 12, i.e., second, third
It accommodates and is separated between pipeline 132,133 and accommodating chamber 12 by reflector 15 and slow body 14.In other embodiments, second,
Third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and can be connected to accommodating chamber 12, that is, is contained in the outer surface portion of the vacuum tube 30 in accommodating chamber 12
Divide and be exposed in second, third receiving pipeline 132,133, to sum up, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and is located at accommodating chamber 12
Inner wall except.In the application embodiment, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and is arranged to the axis along vacuum tube 30
The arc shape pipeline that direction extends can also use the pipeline generation of rectangular, triangle or other polygons in other embodiments
It replaces.In the application embodiment, it is to be spaced apart on the circumferencial direction of accommodating chamber 12 that second, third, which accommodates pipeline 132,133,
Mutually independent two receiving pipelines, in other embodiments, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 in accommodating chamber 12
It is connected to, i.e., is replaced by a receiving pipeline around accommodating chamber 12 on circumferencial direction.
As shown in figure 5, cooling device 20 includes being arranged in a vertical direction and being located in front of target 31 for cooling down target 31
The first cooling end 21, extend along 1 direction of neutron beam axis X and be located at and 30 two sides of vacuum tube and be parallel to neutron beam axis
The second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 of X1, the first cooling end 21 are connected between second, third cooling end 22,23.The
One cooling end 21 is accommodated in be accommodated in pipeline 131 along first perpendicular to 1 direction of neutron beam axis X arrangement, second, third
Cooling end 22,23 is respectively received within second, third receiving pipeline 132,133 along the direction of neutron beam axis X 1 arrangement
It is interior.Second cooling end 22 inputs cooling medium to the first cooling end 21, and third cooling end 23 is by the cooling in the first cooling end 21
Medium output.First cooling end 21 is located between target 31 and slow body 14, and the side of the first cooling end 21 and target 31 are direct
Contact, the other side is contacted with slow body 14.Second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 respectively include being located at reflector accommodating chamber
121 outside the first, second cooling section 221,231 and from the first, second cooling section 221,231 extend and be located at slow body accommodate
The third in 122 outside of chamber, the 4th cooling section 222,232.Third, the 4th cooling section 222,232 connect with the first cooling end 21 respectively
It is logical.That is, the first cooling end 21 is located at the end of the insertion section 121 of vacuum tube 30 and is located at 31 side of target and and target
31 directly contact, and the second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 are located at the upper and lower of the vacuum tube 30 being contained in accommodating chamber 12
Two sides and be connected to respectively with the first cooling end 21 so that entire cooling device 20 is in " Contraband " type structure setting.This embodiment party
In formula, the first cooling end 21 and 31 plane contact of target, the second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 are all the pipes being made of copper
Shape structure, and the second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 extend along the direction of neutron beam axis X 1 and are parallel to neutron beam
Axis X 1, i.e. angle between the second cooling end 22 and third cooling end 23 and neutron beam axis X 1 are 0 °.
First cooling end 21 is including the first contact portion 211, the second contact portion 212 and is located at the first contact portion 211 and second
The cooling bath 213 passed through for cooling medium between contact portion 212.First contact portion 211 is directly contacted with target 31, and second connects
Contact portion 212 can be that directly contact can also be by air mediate contact with slow body 14.Cooling bath 213 has and the second cooling
The input slot 214 that portion 22 is connected to and the output magazine 215 being connected to third cooling end 23.First contact portion 211 is by Heat Conduction Material system
At.The upper edge of input slot 214 is located at the top of the upper edge of the second cooling end 22, and the lower edge of output magazine 215 is located at third
The lower section of the lower edge of cooling end 23.The benefit being arranged in this way is that cooling device 20 can more swimmingly input cooling water
It is cooled down in cooling bath 213 and more in time to target 31, and the cooling water after being heated also can be more smoothly from cold
But it is exported in slot 213, simultaneously, additionally it is possible to reduce the hydraulic pressure of cooling water in cooling bath 213 to a certain extent.
First contact portion 211 by Heat Conduction Material (such as material of Cu, Fe, Al good heat conductivity) or can it is thermally conductive but also suppression
System foaming material be made, the second contact portion 212 by inhibit foaming material be made, inhibit foaming material or can it is thermally conductive again
The material of foaming can be inhibited to be made of any of Fe, Ta or V.Target 31 is increased by the acceleration irradiation temperature of same high-energy level
Fever, the first contact portion 211 take heat out of by heat derives, and by the cooling medium in cooling bath 213 that circulates, thus
Target 31 is cooled down.In the present embodiment, cooling medium is water.
Referring to shown in Fig. 2, shield 40 covers the left end face of beam-shaping body 10 and fits closely with the end face, prevents
The neutron beam and gamma-rays formed at target 31 is overflowed from 10 left side of beam-shaping body.Shield 40 is made of Pb and PE,
Specifically, shield 40 is made of at least two layers of Pb and at least one layer PE.In the present embodiment, shield 40 includes whole with beam
The first Pb layer 41 that the left side of body 10 fits closely, the PE layer 42 fitted closely with the first Pb layer 41 and cover PE layer 42 and
The 2nd Pb layer 43 fitted closely with PE layer 42.Pb can absorb the gamma-rays overflowed from beam-shaping body 10 and will be whole from beam
The neutron reflection that body 10 overflows returns to slow body 14 to improve epithermal neutron intensity of beam.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in-2, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and Figure 10-12, in embodiment one, embodiment three, example IV and embodiment
In six-eight, slow 14 part of body is made of multistage slow body, in embodiment five, as shown in figure 9, slow body 14 is entire by one
Cylindric slow body composition, in other embodiments, slow body 14 can also strengthen slow body and a cylinder by a cone
The slow body composition of shape, can also be made of the two slow bodies of cone implemented in two as shown in Figure 4.In example 2, slowly
Body 14' is made of two reversed cones, in this application, it is slow that the slow body 14' in embodiment two is known as bipyramid shape
Body.There is first end 141', the second end 142' referring to Fig. 4, slow body 14' and be located at first end 141' and the second end
Third end 143' between 142'.The cross section of first, second, third end 141', 142', 143' is circle, and first
The diameter of end 141' and the second end 14'2 is less than the diameter of third end 143'.First end 141' and third end 143'
Between formed first cone 146', between third end 143' and the second end 142' formed second cone 148'.
Target 31 is contained in first cone 142'.
In example 2, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and second, third cooling end 22,23 and neutron beam
Angle between axis X 1 is 0 °.In other embodiments, second, third accommodates pipeline 132,133 and second, third cooling
Angle between portion 22,23 and neutron beam axis X 1 can also be that other are greater than 0 ° of any angle for being less than or equal to 180 °, example
As shown in fig. 6, second, third accommodates pipeline 132', 133' and second, third cooling end 22', 23' and neutron beam axis X 1
Between angle be 90 °.
As shown in fig. 6, it discloses the neutron capture treatment system 1 " in the embodiment of the present application three, wherein cooling device 20'
The second cooling end 22' and third cooling end 23' it is vertical with neutron beam axis X 1, i.e. cooling device 20' is arranged to " I " type knot
Structure cools down the target 31 in Embedded vacuum tube 30.The first cooling end 21' in " I " type cooling device 20' the with
First cooling end 21 of Contraband type cooling device 20 be arranged it is identical, the difference is that, the second of " I " type cooling device 20' is cooling
Portion 22' and third cooling end 23' is located in the same plane vertical with neutron beam axis X 1' with the first cooling end 21', and the
Two cooling end 22' and third cooling end 23' wear out slow body 14' along the direction vertical with neutron beam axis X 1 respectively, i.e.,
Angle between second cooling end 22' and third cooling end 23' and neutron beam axis X 1 is 90 °, so that entire cooling device
It is arranged in rectangle, that is, above-mentioned " I " type structure.With continued reference to Fig. 6, correspondingly, accommodating pipeline 30' is also set as " I " type structure,
Phase is arranged in the first receiving pipeline 131 that " I " type accommodates the first receiving pipeline 131' and Contraband type cooling pipe 30 in pipeline 30'
Together, the difference is that, " I " type accommodates the second receiving pipeline 132' of pipeline 30' and third accommodates pipeline 133' and first and holds
The pipeline 131' that receives is located in the same plane vertical with neutron beam axis X 1, and second accommodates pipeline 132' and third receiving pipe
Road 133' wears out slow body 14' along the direction vertical with neutron beam axis X 1 respectively, i.e., second, third accommodates pipeline
Angle between 132', 133' and neutron beam axis X 1 is 90 °, is arranged so that entirely accommodating pipeline in rectangle, that is, on
State " I " type structure.It is contemplated that cooling device 20 and receiving pipeline 30 can also in Fig. 4 and structure shown in Fig. 9
It is arranged to " I " type structure.
Fig. 8 is the neutron capture treatment system that Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 removes that cooling device 20,20' and target 31 do not extend into slow body 14
The schematic diagram of system 1,1', the neutron capture treatment system 1 of the revealed neutron capture treatment system 1 and Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 announcement of Fig. 8,
1 " compares, and is only that target 31 is arranged outside slow body 14, i.e. the accommodating chamber 12 of receiving vacuum tube 30 does not extend into slow body
14 but only enclosed and set by reflector 15.Slow body 14, reflector 15, shield 40, cooling device 20,20', thermal neutron are inhaled
The structure of acceptor 16, radiation shield 17 etc. is identical as the structure that Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 is disclosed, and associated description, which please refers to, above ties correlation
The description of structure, details are not described herein.
Fig. 9 is the neutron capture treatment system that the application removes cooling device 20,20' and the first slow body as the slow body of no rank
The schematic diagram of system 1, the neutron capture treatment system 1,1 " that the revealed neutron capture treatment system 1 and Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 of Fig. 9 is disclosed
It compares, is only that the first slow body 140 is replaced with into the slow body of no rank by the slow body of 3 ranks, i.e., the first slow body 140 is by straight outside one
The diameter hollow cylindrical shape second slow body equal with the overall diameter of the slow body 144 of cylindrical shape is constituted.Reflector 15, shielding
The structure phase that the structure of body 40, cooling device 20,20', thermal neutron absorber 16, radiation shield 17 etc. is disclosed with Fig. 1 or Fig. 6
Together, associated description please refers to the description to dependency structure above, and details are not described herein.
Figure 10 is the neutron capture treatment that the application removes cooling device 20,20' and the first slow body as the slow body of no rank
The schematic diagram of system 1, the neutron capture treatment system 1 of the revealed neutron capture treatment system 1 and Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 announcement of Figure 10,
1 " compares, and is only that the first slow body 140 is replaced with the slow body of 2 ranks, reflector 15, shield 40, cooling dress by the slow body of 3 ranks
The structure for setting 20,20', thermal neutron absorber 16, radiation shield 17 etc. is identical as the structure that Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 is disclosed, and associated description is asked
Referring to above to the description of dependency structure, details are not described herein.
Figure 11 is the neutron capture treatment that the application removes cooling device 20,20' and the first slow body as the slow body of no rank
The schematic diagram of system 1, the neutron capture treatment system 1 of the revealed neutron capture treatment system 1 and Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 announcement of Figure 11,
1 " compares, and is only that the first slow body 140 is replaced with the slow body of 4 ranks, reflector 15, shield 40, cooling dress by the slow body of 3 ranks
The structure for setting 20,20', thermal neutron absorber 16, radiation shield 17 etc. is identical as the structure that Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 is disclosed, and associated description is asked
Referring to above to the description of dependency structure, details are not described herein.
Figure 12 is the neutron capture treatment that the application removes cooling device 20,20' and the first slow body as the slow body of no rank
The schematic diagram of system 1, the neutron capture treatment system 1 of the revealed neutron capture treatment system 1 and Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 announcement of Figure 12,
1 " compares, and is only that the first slow body 140 is replaced with the slow body of 10 ranks, reflector 15, shield 40, cooling by the slow body of 3 ranks
The structure of device 20,20', thermal neutron absorber 16, radiation shield 17 etc. is identical as the structure that Fig. 1 or Fig. 6 is disclosed, associated description
The description above to dependency structure is please referred to, details are not described herein.
Referring to Fig.1, shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, second, third cooling end 22,23；22', 23' respectively with second, third
Accommodate pipeline 132,133；There are gap between the inner wall of 132', 133', reflection compensation object 80 is filled in the gap；80', instead
Penetrate indemnity 80；80' can absorb for metal or aluminium alloy etc. or the substance of reflected neutron.Reflection compensation object 80；80' can
Reflection or scattering are entered in the neutron reflection to slow body 14 or reflector 15 in the gap, to increase the production of epithermal neutron
Rate reduces irradiated body in turn and needs the illuminated time.On the other hand, neutron is avoided to leak into 10 outside of beam-shaping body right
The instrument of neutron capture treatment system causes adverse effect, improves radiogical safety.In the embodiment of the present application, lead in metal
Content is more than or equal to 85%, and the content of aluminium is more than or equal to 85% in aluminium alloy.
Below by simulated experiment to epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux and epithermal neutron in the dependency structure of the application
Preceding tropism reference point, gamma intensity are counted, are analyzed, and in all simulated experiments of the application, charged particle source energy is
2.5MeV, 10mA, epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux count face and are located at the beam outlet 18 of beam-shaping body 10, beam
The diameter of outlet 18 is 14CM, and the counting face of gamma intensity is 10 left side of beam-shaping body.
Shown in referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the target 31 in embodiment one is contained in fast body 14, referring to shown in Fig. 8, embodiment
Target 31 in four is set to outside slow body 14, in order to target 31 in comparing embodiment one and example IV setting position to super
The influence of tropism before thermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux and neutron, by simulated experiment obtain table one data be compared, point
Analysis.In the application, the thickness of slow body 14 refers to size of the slow body 14 on 1 direction of neutron beam axis X.
Table one: target is contained in slow internal and is set to slow external epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux and surpasses
Tropism reference point before thermal neutron
As can be seen from Table I, target 31 is contained in slow body 14 and is compared outside slow body 14 with setting, neutron
Preceding tropism is there is no significantly changing, and the strength reduction of fast neutron 12.52%, epithermal neutron beam intensity only reduces
1.83%, it is seen then that be better than the set-up mode that target 31 is contained in slow body 14 that target 31 is set to setting outside slow body 14
Set mode.It should be noted that tropism reference point is closer to 1 before epithermal neutron, then tropism is better before epithermal neutron.
Shown in reference picture 1, Fig. 2, in example 1, the first slow body 140 is the slow body of 3 ranks, referring to shown in Fig. 9-12,
In embodiment five into embodiment eight, the first slow body 140 is respectively set to no rank, 2 ranks, 3 ranks, 4 ranks, the slow body of 10 ranks, is
Compare influence of the first slow body 140 of different rank to tropism before epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux and neutron, this Shen
Please under the premise of the depth X that holding angle theta and target 31 protrude into slow body 14 is constant, the first slow body 140 is respectively set
For no rank, 2 ranks, 3 ranks, 4 ranks, the slow body of 10 ranks, show that the data of table two are compared, analyze by simulated experiment.
Epithermal neutron when the slow body of table two: the first is respectively body slow without ladder, 1 rank, 2 rank, 3 ranks, 4 ranks, 10 ranks is logical
Tropism reference point before amount, fast neutron flux and epithermal neutron
It can be seen that the first slow body 140 without rank (cylindric slow body) or multistage slow body to superthermal from two data of table
Tropism influences less before neutron, fast neutron intensity and neutron, but compared to the slow body of no rank, manufactures needed for multistage slow body
Slow body material is less, comprehensively considers material cost and manufacturing process cost, it is preferable that set 3 ranks for the first slow body 140
Or 4 slow body of rank.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in-4, Fig. 8 and Figure 10-12, there are gaps between accommodating chamber 12 and vacuum tube 30, fill out in the gap
Fill reflection compensation body 50.In order to compare reflection compensation body 50 is filled in the gap or be not filled with reflection compensation body 50 in superthermal
The influence that tropism generates before son, fast neutron intensity and epithermal neutron is listed table three and is done and compares in detail, analyzes.
Table three: filling reflection compensation body and the epithermal neutron flux of reflection compensation body, fast neutron flux and superthermal are not filled with
Tropism reference point before neutron
From table 3 it can be seen that gap filling reflection compensation body 50 between accommodating chamber 12 and vacuum tube 30 and being not filled with anti-
It penetrates compensation body 50 to compare, epithermal neutron beam intensity increases by 7.33%~7.46%.Tropism is not substantially change before neutron.
It is only listed in the application and does the number that simulated experiment obtains for setting multistage slow body for slow 140 part of body
According to, but obtained through research, shown in Fig. 9 one entire cylindric slow body is set by slow body 14 or is set as shown in Fig. 4
The slow body that is made of a cone-shaped slow body and a cylindric slow body of the slow body of bipyramid shape or by multistage
When the slow body of slow body and cone-shaped slow body composition, the gap filling reflection compensation between accommodating chamber 12 and vacuum tube 30
Body 50 can increase the intensity of epithermal neutron to some extent, and not influence significantly on the preceding tropism of neutron.
The left end of the beam-shaping body 10 of-2 and Fig. 8-12 the application, i.e. charged particle beam entrance one end referring to Fig.1, are equipped with
The shield 40 for preventing the neutron beam and gamma-rays that are formed at target 31 from overflowing from 10 left side of beam-shaping body.It is listed below
When first slow body 140 is respectively body slow without rank, 2 ranks, 3 ranks, 4 ranks, 10 ranks, shield 40 is respectively set and/or reflection is mended
When repaying body 50 or not set shield 40 and/or reflection compensation body 50 neutron, gamma intensity of 10 left end of beam-shaping body and
Tropism reference point data before the intensity and epithermal neutron of epithermal neutron, fast neutron at the beam outlet 18 of beam-shaping body 10,
To analyze shield 40 and reflection compensation body 50 to the neutron of 10 left end of beam-shaping body, gamma intensity and beam-shaping body 10
Beam outlet 18 at epithermal neutron, fast neutron intensity and tropism before epithermal neutron influence.Wherein neutron, gamma-rays,
Epithermal neutron, the unit of fast neutron are equal are as follows: n/cm2/sec。
Table four: in the neutron of beam-shaping body left end, the superthermal of the beam exit of gamma intensity and beam-shaping body
Tropism reference point before son, the intensity of fast neutron and epithermal neutron
As can be seen from Table IV, increase shield 40, can significantly reduce 10 rear gamma-rays of beam-shaping body and neutron beam
Intensity, shield 40 to beam outlet 18 at epithermal neutron and fast neutron intensity influence it is not significant, increase reflection compensation
Body 50 can significantly improve the epithermal neutron intensity at beam outlet 18.
It is only listed in the application for setting no rank for slow 140 part of body or multistage slow body does simulated experiment and obtains
Data, but obtained through research, by slow body 14 be set as the slow body of bipyramid shape shown in Fig. 4 or by one it is cone-shaped slow
Fast body and a cylindric slow body slow body formed or the slow body being made of multistage slow body and cone-shaped slow body
When, gap filling reflection compensation body 50 between accommodating chamber 12 and vacuum tube 30 and being arranged in 10 left end of beam-shaping body shields
Body 40 can increase the intensity of epithermal neutron to some extent and reduce the strong of 10 rear gamma-rays of beam-shaping body and neutron beam
Degree, and the preceding tropism of neutron is not influenced significantly.
Under the premise of keeping the angle θ constant below by experiment analogue data analysis, changes target 31 and protrude into slow body 14
Depth X, i.e. size of the first slow body 140 of change on the direction of neutron beam axis X 1, to epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron
The influence of tropism before flux and neutron.
Table five: epithermal neutron flux, fast neutron flux when the depth X that target protrudes into slow body is respectively 5,10,15,20CM
And tropism reference point before neutron
As can be seen from Table V, as target 3 protrudes into the increase of the depth of slow body 14, under epithermal neutron beam intensity slightly has
It drops (about 2%), fast neutron strength reduction about 6%, tropism is without significant change, epithermal neutron and fast neutron flux ratio before epithermal neutron
It is promoted.
It is only listed in the application for setting no rank for slow 140 part of body or multistage slow body does simulated experiment and obtains
Data, but obtained through research, by slow body 14 be set as the slow body of bipyramid shape shown in Fig. 4 or by one it is cone-shaped slow
Fast body and a cylindric slow body slow body formed or the slow body being made of multistage slow body and cone-shaped slow body
When, as target 3 protrudes into the increase of the depth of slow body 14, epithermal neutron beam intensity is declined slightly, fast neutron strength reduction about,
Tropism is promoted with fast neutron flux than without significant change, epithermal neutron before epithermal neutron.
In order to compare reflection compensation object 80 be respectively metal or aluminium alloy and cooling device 20,20' and accommodate pipeline 13,
In the gap of 13' when areflexia indemnity 80 (i.e. filling air) to the yield of epithermal neutron, fast neutron contaminant capacity and when irradiating
Between the influence that generates, list table six to table eight and do detailed comparison.
Wherein, table six is shown under the aperture of different accommodating chambers, is filled respectively superthermal when air, aluminium alloy, metal
Yield (the n/cm of neutron2MA):
Table six: the yield (n/cm of epithermal neutron2mA)
Table seven is shown under the aperture of different accommodating chambers, and fast neutron pollutes when filling air, aluminium alloy, metal respectively
It measures (Gy-cm2/n):
Table seven: fast neutron contaminant capacity (Gy-cm2/n)
Table eight is shown under the aperture of different accommodating chambers, irradiated body when being filled with air, aluminium alloy, metal respectively
Required irradiation time (minute):
Table eight: irradiation time required for irradiated body (Min)
From table six to table eight as can be seen that when accommodating chamber aperture is identical, compared to filling air, metal or aluminium are filled
When alloy, the yield of epithermal neutron is higher, and fast neutron contaminant capacity and required irradiation time are less.
The neutron capture treatment system that the application discloses is not limited to content described in above embodiments and attached drawing institute
The structure of expression.For example, slow body can be set to taper or polygon-prism body, cooling device can be set to several, and hold
Pipeline of receiving accordingly has several etc..Material and shape and position on the basis of the application to wherein component are done aobvious
And easily insight change, substitution or modification, all this application claims within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of neutron capture treatment system, it is characterised in that: the neutron capture treatment system includes beam-shaping body, setting
In the intracorporal vacuum tube of beam-shaping, the beam-shaping body includes beam entrance, the accommodating chamber for accommodating the vacuum tube, adjoining
In the accommodating chamber end slow body, to be enclosed in the slow external reflector, setting intracorporal in the beam-shaping
Radiation shield and beam outlet, the vacuum tube end are equipped with target, the target and the electrification from the beam entrance incidence
Nuclear reaction occurs for the particle beams to generate neutron, and the neutron forms neutron beam, and the neutron beam projects simultaneously from beam outlet
Limit a neutron beam axis, the slow body is described by from the neutron degradation that the target generates to epithermal neutron energy area
The neutron that reflector will deviate from improves epithermal neutron intensity of beam back to the slow body, and the radiation shield is for shielding
For the neutron and photon of leakage to reduce the normal tissue dose in non-irradiated area, the slow body includes at least two overall diameter differences
The slow body of cylindrical shape, the slow body have close to beam entrance first end and close to beam outlet second end
Portion, the target are contained between the first end and the second end.
2. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the slow body includes entering close to beam
Mouthful the first slow body and fitted closely with the first slow body and close to beam outlet the second slow body, the first slow body
Including at least two slow bodies of the different cylindrical shape of overall diameter, the beam entrance, the slow body and beam outlet
Extend each along the neutron beam axis, the distance that the target to the beam exports is less than the first end described in
The distance of beam outlet.
3. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first slow body includes three outer
The slow body of the different cylindrical shape of diameter, the first slow body include delaying close to the first slow portion of beam entrance, with first
The second slow portion that fast portion fits closely and the slow portion of third fitted closely with the second slow portion, first, second, third is slow
Portion is arranged successively along neutron beam axis direction, and the overall diameter of the first, second, third slow portion and the second slow body is respectively the
One, second, third, the 4th overall diameter, for the first overall diameter less than the second overall diameter, the second overall diameter is less than third overall diameter, the
Three overall diameters are equal to the 4th overall diameter.
4. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the first slow portion has to be entered close to beam
First front end face of mouth, the first rear end face and the first outer circumference surface close to beam outlet；After second slow portion has with first
The second rear end face and the second outer circumference surface of the second front end face, close beam outlet that end face fits closely；The slow portion's tool of third
There are the third front end face fitted closely with the second rear end face, third rear end face and third outer circumference surface close to beam outlet；The
Two slow bodies have the 4th front end face fitted closely with third rear end face, outside the 4th rear end face and the 4th of beam outlet
Periphery, be parallel to each other between the first, second, third, fourth front end face and the first, second, third, fourth rear end face and with
Neutron beam axis is vertical, and the section across neutron beam axis is vertical with the second front end face with the intersection of the first outer circumference surface,
Section across neutron beam axis is vertical with third front end face with the intersection of the second outer circumference surface.
5. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the section for passing through neutron beam axis
Interior, the first front end face intersects to obtain the first intersection point with the first outer circumference surface, and the second front end face intersects to obtain with the second outer circumference surface
Second intersection point, third front end face intersect to obtain third intersection point with third outer circumference surface, and the first, second, third intersection point is located at same
On straight line.
6. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the accommodating chamber and the vacuum tube it
Between fill reflection compensation body, the reflection compensation body is lead or Al or Teflon or C.
7. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first end is along the neutron
The direction of beam axis toward the beam entrance protrudes from the target, and the second end is past along the neutron beam axis
The direction of the beam outlet protrudes from the target.
8. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the reflector is in neutron beam axis
Two sides protrude slow body, the accommodating chamber includes reflector accommodating chamber made of setting being enclosed as reflector and reflexive beam holds
Chamber of receiving extension is enclosed as slow body set made of slow body accommodating chamber, the vacuum tube includes being contained in prolonging in reflector accommodating chamber
The insertion section for stretching section and extending from extended segment and being contained in slow body accommodating chamber, the target are set to the end of the insertion section
Portion.
9. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the neutron capture treatment system is also wrapped
At least one cooling device is included, accommodates the receiving pipeline of cooling device in the beam-shaping body equipped at least one, it is described cold
But metal or aluminium alloy are filled between device and the inner wall for accommodating pipeline.
10. neutron capture treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the neutron capture treatment system is also
Shield including fitting closely setting set on beam entrance and with beam-shaping body.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711347618.5A CN109925606B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| EP18889562.7A EP3708224B1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2018-08-16 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| JP2020530377A JP6947933B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2018-08-16 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| PCT/CN2018/100787 WO2019114307A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2018-08-16 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| US16/880,161 US11266859B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2020-05-21 | Neutron capture therapy system |
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| CN201711347618.5A CN109925606B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Neutron capture therapy system |
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| CN114225232A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-03-25 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Beam shaping body with rotary target body |
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