CN109913222A - A kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid - Google Patents

A kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109913222A
CN109913222A CN201910123412.7A CN201910123412A CN109913222A CN 109913222 A CN109913222 A CN 109913222A CN 201910123412 A CN201910123412 A CN 201910123412A CN 109913222 A CN109913222 A CN 109913222A
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China
Prior art keywords
polishing liquid
ammonium
silicon wafer
acid
mass fraction
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CN201910123412.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李少平
万杨阳
贺兆波
张庭
尹印
冯凯
王书萍
张演哲
蔡步林
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Hubei Xingfa Chemicals Group Co Ltd
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Hubei Xingfa Chemicals Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910123412.7A priority Critical patent/CN109913222A/en
Publication of CN109913222A publication Critical patent/CN109913222A/en
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  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid.The silicon wafer polishing liquid is mainly used for wafer thinning, so that it is removed certain thickness and still maintains good surface quality.The polishing liquid is made of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonium salt and ultrapure water.The etch temperature control of polishing liquid is 28 ~ 32 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C.Using stirring technique, stirring rate control to 300 ~ 350 r/min, preferably 330 r/min, to reduce the HNO of local reaction generation2Active material and reaction heat prevent local reaction linear velocity from increasing, and cause corrosion uneven.Silicon chip surface quality is an important index, how much its roughness size and defect will affect the polishing subsequent processing of silicon wafer, the surface damage layer and micro-crack area that front end is generated by mechanical lapping can be removed by carrying out chemical attack to silicon wafer using the polishing liquid, to obtain the surface that roughness is low, defect is few.

Description

A kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid
Technical field
The invention belongs to wet electronic chemical product and wafers to manufacture interleaving techniques field, and in particular to a kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid and It uses technique.
Background technique
Semiconductor crystal wafer manufacture in, due to back-end chip manufacture in some special procedures, need to silicon chip surface into Grinding process within 10 microns of row, while surface will have extraordinary roughness and flatness, and lack to the lattice on surface Sunken requirement is also very high.And for the mode that mechanical lapping is thinned, silicon face has the mechanical damages such as scratch.Traditional acid corrosion Liquid, since the autocatalytic cleavage of acid solution keeps its etch-rate too fast, it is difficult to which control is being applied to industrial metaplasia within 10 microns It produces in real process, in order to obtain stable etch-rate, technical staff needs to utilize the attached dresses such as cooling device, circulator It sets to control reaction, which again increases process costs.And wafer reducer, although the need of client can be met in removal amount It asks, but due in traditional HF-HNO3The biggish liquid of the viscosity such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid be joined in system to control etching Rate is too fast, and the gaseous product of reaction is but difficult to be diffused into solution, and can be attached to silicon chip surface for a period of time, makes in this way Must corrode cannot occur in the masking position of bubble, cause etching uneven.Therefore professional quarters have to use rotary spray instead Product is thrown out using high-speed rotating centrifugal force, disengages it from silicon chip surface, which substantially increases production costs by technique.
Therefore a kind of controllable-rate is configured, the surface of smooth uniform low defect just can be obtained under the conditions of stirring soaking technology Polishing liquid it is imperative.This will greatly reduce the cost of wafer manufacture, facilitate the development for pushing IC industry.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of chemical corrosion liquid and wafer reducer in the manufacture of existing wafer, and the first purpose is to provide A kind of silicon wafer is polished liquid.
The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of use techniques of silicon wafer polishing liquid.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Wherein, the silicon wafer polishing liquid is made of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonium salt and ultrapure water.
The hydrofluoric acid is electronic-stage hydrofluoric acid, mass concentration 45-52%;
The nitric acid is electronic grade nitric acid, mass concentration 65-72%;
The sulfuric acid is the electron level concentrated sulfuric acid, and mass concentration is 97%~98%;
The ammonium salt is excellent pure grade, and content >=99.95%, wherein the mass concentration of ammonium fluoride is 35-42%;
The water is the ultrapure water that resistivity is 17-18M Ω cm at 25 DEG C.
Its preferred embodiment are as follows:
The hydrofluoric acid is electronic-stage hydrofluoric acid, and concentration is about 50%;
The nitric acid is electronic grade nitric acid, and concentration is about 70%;
The sulfuric acid is the electron level concentrated sulfuric acid, and concentration is about 97%~98%;
The ammonium salt is excellent pure grade, and content >=99.95%, wherein the concentration of ammonium fluoride is 40%.
The water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
The mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid is 1%~3% in the polishing liquid;The mass fraction of nitric acid is 5%~10%;Sulphur The mass fraction of acid is 60%~80%;The mass fraction of ammonium salt is 1%-10%;The mass fraction of deionized water is surplus.
Ammonium salt in the polishing liquid include ammonium fluoride, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium nitrate, in ammonium acetate At least one.And preferred fluorinated ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate.
The ammonium salt provides ammonium ion to solution, and the ammonium nitrate generated in conjunction with nitrate anion is under strong acidic environment Easily decomposes generation nitrous oxide (N2O) gas, NH4NO3→N2O↑+2H2O.A large amount of gas plays during rise Stirring action.Gas Stirring promotes bubble to exchange rapidly between silicon chip surface and solution, avoids the masking effect of bubble, and It accelerates reaction product and localized heat is spread into solution, while with a large amount of introducings of bubble, increasing the mass transfer of hydrofluoric acid Resistance is conducive to the formation of etch pit structure, obtains more smooth uniform surface.
The polishing liquid is 28~32 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C using the etch temperature control of technique.
The polishing liquid uses stirring technique, stirring rate control to 300~350r/ using the corrosion process of technique Min, preferably 330r/min, to reduce the HNO of local reaction generation2Active material and reaction heat prevent local reaction linear velocity Increase, causes corrosion uneven.
Wherein, polishing liquid is contained with the etching groove of PFA material, the temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C, and setting is stirred Mixing rate is 300~350r/min.Then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2-3min.Silicon wafer after reaction is put Enter in the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, rinses, drying.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the present invention, by introducing ammonium salt, to solution provide ammonium root from Son, the ammonium nitrate generated in conjunction with nitrate anion easily decomposes generation nitrous oxide (N under strong acidic environment2O) gas, gas Stirring promotes bubble to exchange rapidly between silicon chip surface and solution, avoids the masking effect of bubble, and accelerate reaction product It is spread with localized heat into solution, while with a large amount of introducings of bubble, increasing the mass transfer resistance of hydrofluoric acid, being conducive to etch pit The formation of structure obtains more smooth uniform surface.Manufacturing cost has also been taken into account simultaneously, has optimized using technique, is obtaining While stable etch-rate and optimal etching surface, cost has been saved for the replacement of technique.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to comparative example, reality It applies example or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description It is some comparative examples and embodiment of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, what is do not made the creative labor Under the premise of, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the wafer topography that embodiment 2 carries out that silicon etching experiment obtains.
Fig. 2 is the wafer topography that comparative example 1 carries out that silicon etching experiment obtains.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is done below with reference to chart and embodiment and is further described in detail, But the scope of protection of present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid and its using technique, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.5%, ammonium salt is the ammonium fluoride that mass fraction is 40%, and water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 14.3% water, 75.8% sulfuric acid, 7.3% nitric acid, 1.6% hydrofluoric acid, the mixed solution of 1% ammonium fluoride.
Using following processing step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 330r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, etch temperature maintains 30~31 DEG C;
5) in etching process, a large amount of white minute bubbles is generated after reacting 5s, are constantly expanded from silicon chip surface into solution Scatter, and due to the effect of buoyancy, risen to liquid level rapidly, will not staticaccelerator adsorption in silicon chip surface, keep dynamic equilibrium, bubble Diameter be 0.8~1mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface exquisiteness It is smooth, without white bubble impression;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid and its using technique, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.5%, ammonium salt is the ammonium sulfate that mass fraction is 99.95%, and water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 11% water, 73.4% sulfuric acid, 7.1% nitric acid, 1.5% hydrofluoric acid, the mixed solution of 7% ammonium sulfate.
Using following processing step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 330r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, etch temperature maintains 30~30.5 DEG C;
5) in etching process, reaction initially generates a large amount of white minute bubbles, from silicon chip surface constantly to solution In spread apart, and due to the effect of buoyancy, risen to liquid level rapidly, will not staticaccelerator adsorption in silicon chip surface, keep dynamic equilibrium, The diameter of bubble is 0.8~1mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface exquisiteness It is smooth, without white bubble impression, as shown in Figure 1;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid and its using technique, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.5%, ammonium salt is that mass fraction is 99.95% ammonium sulfate and 40% ammonium fluoride, and water is resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C) ultrapure water.
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 12.1% water, 72.2% sulfuric acid, 7.2% nitric acid, 1.5% hydrofluoric acid, 1.5% ammonium fluoride, the mixed solution of 5.5% ammonium sulfate.Using following technique Step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 330r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, etch temperature maintains 30~30.5 DEG C;
5) in etching process, reaction initially generates a large amount of white minute bubbles, from silicon chip surface constantly to solution In spread apart, and due to the effect of buoyancy, risen to liquid level rapidly, will not staticaccelerator adsorption in silicon chip surface, keep dynamic equilibrium, The diameter of bubble is 0.8~1mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface exquisiteness It is smooth, without white bubble impression;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Comparative example 1:
The silicon polishing liquid that comparative example 1 provides no ammonium salt component uses technique with corresponding, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.2%, water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 15.2% water, 75% sulfuric acid, 7.8% nitric acid, the mixed solution of 2% hydrofluoric acid.
Using following processing step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 330r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, maximum temperature is etched up to 35 DEG C;
5) in etching process, after reacting 10s, start to generate biggish white bubble and be attached to silicon chip surface, etch 20s Afterwards, bubble is covered with entire silicon wafer, and bubble is almost stationary, and the diameter of bubble is 4~5mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface occurs Macroscopic white bubble impression, as shown in Figure 2;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Comparative example 2:
Comparative example 2, which provides, uses silicon polishing liquid and its etch effect under condition of different temperatures, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.5%, ammonium salt is the ammonium sulfate that mass fraction is 99.95%, and water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 11% water, 73.4% sulfuric acid, 7.1% nitric acid, 1.5% hydrofluoric acid, the mixed solution of 7% ammonium sulfate.
Using following processing step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 45 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 330r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, maximum temperature is etched up to 48 DEG C;
5) in etching process, reaction initially generates a large amount of white minute bubbles, from silicon chip surface constantly to solution In spread apart, and due to the effect of buoyancy, risen to liquid level rapidly, will not staticaccelerator adsorption in silicon chip surface, keep dynamic equilibrium, The diameter of bubble is 1~2mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface does not have White bubble impression;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Comparative example 3:
Comparative example 3, which provides, uses silicon polishing liquid and its etch effect under stopping stirring, specifically:
The hydrofluoric acid used is that mass fraction is 50%, and nitric acid is that mass fraction is 70%, and sulfuric acid is that mass fraction is 97.5%, ammonium salt is the ammonium sulfate that mass fraction is 99.95%, and water is the ultrapure water of resistivity 18M Ω cm (25 DEG C).
Using above-mentioned raw materials prepare 200g silicon polish liquid, by weight content prepare 11% water, 73.4% sulfuric acid, 7.1% nitric acid, 1.5% hydrofluoric acid, the mixed solution of 7% ammonium sulfate.
Using following processing step:
1) the above-mentioned silicon polishing liquid prepared is first poured into etching groove;
2) temperature setting of heating sensor is 30 DEG C;
3) stirring rate is set as 0r/min;
4) then silicon wafer horizontal is put into solution and reacts 2min, detect polishing liquid not with infrared radiation thermometer in reaction process With the local temperature of position, local maximum temperature is up to 33 DEG C;
5) in etching process, a large amount of white minute bubbles is generated after reacting 8s, are slowly expanded from silicon chip surface into solution Scatter, and risen to liquid level, will not staticaccelerator adsorption in silicon chip surface, keep dynamic equilibrium, the diameter of bubble is 0.8~1mm;
6) silicon wafer after reaction is put into the container containing a large amount of deionized waters, is rinsed, drying, silicon chip surface part There is a small amount of white bubble impression in place;
7) its etch-rate and etching surface roughness are detected, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
Comparative example 4:
The roughness of silicon chip surface before detection etches, and the result that will test is reported in Table 1 below.
By the comparison of experimental data in table 1 it can be concluded that, embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, due to joined this The ammonium salt component of invention, surface roughness can maintain stable etching compared with significantly reducing for comparative example 1 and comparative example 4 Rate.Wherein, comparative example 2 and comparative example 2, comparative example 3 have advanced optimized the optimal use technique of the polishing liquid, for this The industrial application of polishing liquid provides technical support.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate made example, and is not the limitation to embodiment.For For those of ordinary skill in the art, other various forms of variations or change can also be made on the basis of the above description It is dynamic.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious changes or variations therefore amplified Within the protection scope of the invention.
1 embodiment 1 to 3 of table and comparative example 1 to 4 carry out the experimental result that silicon etching experiment measures.

Claims (3)

  1. The liquid 1. a kind of silicon wafer is polished, it is characterised in that: the silicon wafer polishing liquid is by hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonium
    Salt and ultrapure water composition;
    The hydrofluoric acid is electronic-stage hydrofluoric acid, mass concentration 45-52%;
    The nitric acid is electronic grade nitric acid, mass concentration 65-72%;
    The sulfuric acid is the electron level concentrated sulfuric acid, and mass concentration is 97% ~ 98%;
    The ammonium salt is excellent pure grade, and content >=99.95%, wherein the mass concentration of ammonium fluoride is 35-42%;
    The water is the ultrapure water that resistivity is 17-18M Ω cm at 25 DEG C.
  2. The liquid 2. silicon wafer according to claim 1 is polished, it is characterised in that: in polishing liquid the mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid be 1% ~ 3%;The mass fraction of nitric acid is 5% ~ 10%;The mass fraction of sulfuric acid is 60% ~ 80%;The mass fraction of ammonium salt is 1%-10%;Go from The mass fraction of sub- water is surplus.
  3. The liquid 3. silicon wafer according to claim 1 is polished, it is characterised in that: the ammonium salt in polishing liquid includes ammonium fluoride, chlorination One or both of ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium acetate;And preferred fluorinated ammonium, ammonium sulfate or hydrogen sulfate Ammonium.
CN201910123412.7A 2019-02-18 2019-02-18 A kind of silicon wafer polishing liquid Pending CN109913222A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112251233A (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-01-22 湖北兴福电子材料有限公司 Silicon etching solution for removing grinding lines
CN115895663A (en) * 2022-12-28 2023-04-04 昆山金城试剂有限公司 Silicon corrosive agent
CN116218529A (en) * 2022-12-25 2023-06-06 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 P-silicon soaking corrosive liquid

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1411612A (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-04-16 默克专利有限公司 Method for raw etching silicon solar cells
CN101131546A (en) * 2006-08-21 2008-02-27 第一毛织株式会社 Wet etching solution
CN109321253A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-12 湖北兴福电子材料有限公司 A kind of etching solution of Silicon Wafer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1411612A (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-04-16 默克专利有限公司 Method for raw etching silicon solar cells
CN101131546A (en) * 2006-08-21 2008-02-27 第一毛织株式会社 Wet etching solution
CN109321253A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-12 湖北兴福电子材料有限公司 A kind of etching solution of Silicon Wafer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112251233A (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-01-22 湖北兴福电子材料有限公司 Silicon etching solution for removing grinding lines
CN112251233B (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-09-07 湖北兴福电子材料有限公司 Silicon etching solution for removing grinding lines
CN116218529A (en) * 2022-12-25 2023-06-06 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 P-silicon soaking corrosive liquid
CN115895663A (en) * 2022-12-28 2023-04-04 昆山金城试剂有限公司 Silicon corrosive agent

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Application publication date: 20190621