CN109911770B - Construction method for hoisting gantry crane - Google Patents
Construction method for hoisting gantry crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109911770B CN109911770B CN201910166526.XA CN201910166526A CN109911770B CN 109911770 B CN109911770 B CN 109911770B CN 201910166526 A CN201910166526 A CN 201910166526A CN 109911770 B CN109911770 B CN 109911770B
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method for hoisting a gantry crane, which comprises the following steps: s1: providing two lower cross beams, and respectively hoisting and fixing the two lower cross beams on the two rails; s2: providing two main beams, hanging the two main beams on two lower cross beams one by one, taking the lower cross beams as temporary placement sites of the two main beams, and adjusting the positions of the two main beams to be respectively vertical to the two lower cross beams; s3: providing support legs, respectively hanging the support legs to a reference height, and then connecting the support legs to the tops of the support legs on the lower cross beams to define support sites for mounting the two main beams; s4: hoisting the two main beams one by one, and connecting the main beams with the supporting legs after the main beams are lifted to a height exceeding the height of the supporting legs; s5: and installing a connecting beam and a walking trolley. The invention can effectively reduce the safety risk, simultaneously avoid the condition that a larger working surface is occupied due to a larger main beam and a limited construction field, reduce the investment of large equipment and reduce the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method for hoisting a gantry crane.
Background
At present, a gantry crane with large tonnage is needed for hoisting in a plurality of construction sites, for example, a 45-ton gantry crane, and the installation of the gantry crane is generally that after a lower beam is installed, a main beam and supporting legs are assembled together on the ground, then the main beam and the supporting legs are hoisted together by a large crane to be installed with the lower beam, similarly, the other side of the main beam and the other side of the main beam are also installed, and finally, the connecting beam, a walking trolley and other parts are installed. The method has the advantages of higher safety risk, large input amount of mechanical equipment, high cost, large occupied working surface, complex installation process, long required time and more inconvenience.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention provides a hoisting construction method for a gantry crane, which solves the technical problems of high installation risk, large equipment investment, high cost, large occupied working surface and more inconvenience of the existing gantry crane.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the construction method for hoisting the gantry crane is used for installing the gantry crane on two rails arranged in parallel, and comprises the following steps:
s1: providing two lower cross beams, and respectively hoisting and fixing the two lower cross beams on the two rails;
s2: providing two main beams, hanging the two main beams on two lower cross beams one by one, taking the lower cross beams as temporary placement sites of the two main beams, and adjusting the positions of the two main beams to be respectively vertical to the two lower cross beams;
s3: providing support legs, respectively hanging the support legs to a reference height, and then connecting the support legs to the lower cross beams, wherein the number of the support legs is four, every two support legs are arranged on the two lower cross beams, and the tops of the support legs define support points for mounting the two main beams;
s4: hoisting the two main beams one by one, and after the main beams are lifted to a height exceeding the height of the supporting legs, enabling the main beams to approach the supporting legs until the two ends of the main beams are in stable connection with the connecting centers of the supporting legs;
s5: and providing a connecting beam, respectively hoisting and connecting the connecting beam between two ends of the two main beams, and installing a walking trolley on the main beams after the hoisting of the connecting beam is finished.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lower cross beam, the supporting legs, the main beam, the connecting beam and the travelling trolley are hoisted by a crane, and the crane is positioned between the two rails.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps: and respectively arranging an inclined support and a chain block on two sides of each lower cross beam, fixing one end of the inclined support with the lower cross beam, fixing the other end of the inclined support with a ground anchor, fixing one end of the chain block with the lower cross beam, and fixing the other end of the chain block with the ground anchor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before the step S1, the assembling and the rechecking of the main beam are further included, where the main beam is composed of multiple sections, and the multiple sections of the main beam are spliced first, and then the main beam is corrected for straightness and horizontal lateral bending.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S3 further includes arranging guy cables on two sides of the leg, fixing one end of each guy cable to the leg, connecting the other end of each guy cable to a chain block, and connecting the chain block to a ground anchor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, step S4 further includes: before the support legs are hoisted, a temporary platform is erected on the support legs and used for connecting the support legs and the main beam on the temporary platform.
In the embodiment of the invention, each temporary platform comprises a platform main body and a ladder stand connected with the platform main body, each temporary platform is arranged on the side surface of each supporting leg, each ladder stand extends along the height direction of each supporting leg, and each platform main body comprises a bottom plate and a guardrail connected with the periphery of the bottom plate.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the main beam is pressed on the lower cross beam, so that the lower cross beam is stabilized, the safety risk can be effectively reduced, and the condition that the main beam is large and the construction site is limited, so that a large working surface is occupied is avoided.
(2) Compared with the prior art that the main beam is lifted from the ground, the crane can mount the main beam on the supporting legs without displacement after the main beam is lifted from the lower cross beam, so that the construction process is simplified, the construction efficiency can be effectively improved, and the inconvenience and quickness caused by site limitation during the lifting of the larger main beam are realized.
(3) According to the invention, the main beam and the supporting legs are hoisted separately, the specifications of the cranes are 130t and 80t, and compared with the hoisting method which is realized after the main beam and the supporting legs are assembled and adopts a 260t crane in the prior art, the hoisting method can reduce the investment of large-scale equipment and reduce the cost; and the small-size crane can be constructed on the inner side of the track while meeting the hoisting requirement, so that the occupation of a working surface is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the gantry hoisting construction method.
Fig. 2 is an assembled schematic view of the main beam of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the crane position during the installation of the lower beam of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the fastening of the lower beam of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the earth anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the detection of the lower beam of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the anchoring elevation of the leg of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of the anchoring of the leg of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a hoisting plane of the main beam of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the girder hoisting of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a lifting plane of the coupling beam of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic plane view of the hoisting of the walking trolley of the invention.
The correspondence of reference numerals to components is as follows:
a track 1; a main beam 2; a main beam support 21; a lower cross beam 3; the diagonal braces 31; a chain block 32; a ground anchor 33; a support leg 4; a guy rope 41; a chain block 42; a ground anchor 43; a connecting beam 5; a traveling trolley 6; 80t of a crane E; 130t crane F.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the following description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a construction method for hoisting a gantry, which is used for installing the gantry on two rails 1 arranged in parallel, and the construction method comprises the following steps: preparation, assembly and rechecking of the main beam 2, installation of the lower beam 3, hoisting of the main beam 2, detection of the lower beam 3, installation of the support legs 4, installation of the cable rope 6 and the ground anchor 7, installation of the main beam 2, installation of the connecting beam 5, installation of the walking trolley 6 and other accessories.
Specifically, the preparation work includes: before hoisting, the elevation and the span of the track 1 are repeatedly measured, and the error is ensured to meet the standard requirement; arranging a guy rope 41 and a chain block 42 at a position convenient to detach on the supporting leg 4, wherein the guy rope 41 is a steel wire rope, and the chain block 42 is connected with the guy rope 41 to adjust the tightness of the guy rope 41; and (3) hanging traction ropes with enough length at the two ends of the main beam 2 so as to adjust the direction after the main beam 2 is lifted.
The assembling of the main beam 2 includes: as shown in fig. 2, each main beam 2 of the invention comprises two sections, main beam supports 21 are respectively arranged below two ends of each main beam 2, the mutual distance between the main beam supports 21 is adjusted, each section of the main beam 2 is lifted by a crane E of 80t, each section of the main beam 2 is lifted and placed on each section of the main beam supports 21 according to the inside and outside directions marked by each main beam 2 and the pattern mark of the main beam 2;
correcting the parallel straight line section of the upper plane of each support 21 by using a total station, and controlling the length to be less than or equal to 2 mm; correcting each section of the main beam 2 to ensure that each section meets the requirement of a pattern after being corrected; each section of the main beam 2 is respectively pulled by a steel wire from the length direction to check the straightness and horizontal side bending (the main beam is allowed to have horizontal straightness, and the side bending is less than or equal to 5 mm); if the requirements are not met, correcting by using an instrument, wherein the corrected inspection method and the requirements are the same as those of the method; the steel plate at the joint of each section of the main beam 2 is straight, and the plate edge and the hole edge have no burrs so as to ensure that the friction surface is tightly attached; the joint is corrected when the tilt angle or deformation exists, and the friction surface cannot be damaged; correcting the camber of the main beam 2 according to the drawing requirements, and simultaneously ensuring the straightness and the perpendicularity of the main beam 2;
the retest of girder 2 includes: and (4) carrying out comprehensive inspection by using a total station, a 50m steel tape and a steel wire according to the parameters.
The mounting steps of the lower beam 3 include: providing two lower cross beams 3, and respectively hoisting and fixing the two lower cross beams 3 on the two rails 1; the hoisting of the two lower cross beams 3 is completed through a crane, the crane is positioned between the two rails, and the extension direction of the lower cross beams 3 is the same as that of the rails 1;
specifically, an 80t crane is adopted to carry out station setting according to the structure shown in fig. 3, an 80t crane E is used for hanging the lower beam 3 on the track 1, the position of the lower beam 3 is adjusted, the lower beam 3 is hoisted, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, phi 60 steel pipe inclined supports 31 and a 2t chain block 32 are arranged on two sides of the lower beam 3 to be used as lacing wires to form an △ shape, movement and inclination are prevented, and the chain block 32 is connected with the ground by adopting a ground anchor 33 of 0.4 multiplied by 0.4 m.
The step of hoisting the main beam 2 comprises: providing two main beams 2, hanging the two main beams 2 on two lower cross beams 3 one by one, taking the lower cross beams 3 as temporary placement sites of the two main beams 2, and adjusting the positions of the two main beams 2 to be respectively vertical to the two lower cross beams 3; the hanging of the main beams 2 is completed through two cranes, in the embodiment of the invention, two ends of each main beam 2 are provided with two hanging points, the two cranes are respectively connected with the two hanging points, and the two cranes hoist between the two rails 1;
specifically, still should try to hang before 2 hoists of girder: lifting the main beam 2 to 200-300 mm away from the ground, stopping for 5-8 min, checking whether all lifting appliances are intact, aligning the main beam 2 with the center of the lower cross beam 3, and slowly and stably descending onto the lower cross beam 3; the station position of the crane in the hoisting of the main beam 2 is shown in detail in fig. 9 and is the same as the station position of the crane when the main beam 2 is installed; in the embodiment of the invention, each main beam 2 weighs about 24t, and the specifications of the two cranes are respectively a crane F of 130t and a crane E of 80 t; considering the lifting safety, the suspension arm of a 130t crane F is 18m, the lifting radius R is 11m, the lifting weight is 38.7t, the safety coefficient in lifting is 0.75, and the safe lifting weight is 29 t; the lifting arm of 80t crane E is 18m, the lifting radius R is 6m, the lifting capacity is 34.3t, the safety coefficient during lifting is 0.75, the safe lifting weight is 25.7t, and the two cranes can meet the lifting requirement of a single main beam of 24 t.
The step of detecting the lower beam 3 comprises the following steps: the standard adopted by detection is universal gantry crane (GB 14406); the measuring tools used for detection are a 30m steel measuring tape, a 20-tube type dynamometer and a wire weight; the detection indexes are as follows: detecting whether the perpendicularity of the central line of the lower cross beam 3 and the central line of the track 1 meets the requirement of a drawing; as shown in fig. 6, C, D respectively represents the span between two ends of the lower beam 3, the span between D, C and D, C is detected, and the difference between the length of span D and the length of span C is less than or equal to 6mm, i.e., | C-D | ≦ 6 mm; A. b is the length of the diagonal of the two lower beams 3 respectively, detect A, B the error of the diagonal, the difference between the length of the diagonal A and the length of the diagonal B is less than or equal to 2mm, that is |. A-B | > is less than or equal to 2 mm; if the span and the diagonal error are more than 5mm, the fixing is firm within the range of the requirement of the drawing to be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the step of installing the leg 4 includes: providing support legs 4, respectively hanging the support legs 4 to a reference height, and then connecting the support legs 4 to the lower cross beams 3, wherein the number of the support legs 4 is four, every two support legs 4 are arranged on the two lower cross beams 3, and the top of each support leg 4 defines a support point for mounting the two main beams 2;
specifically, the station diagram of the crane in the hoisting process of the supporting legs 4 is the same as that of the crane in the hoisting process of the lower cross beam 3, the main beam 2 hoisted on the lower cross beam 3 is firstly bolted and firmly connected with the rail, and then the supporting legs 4 are installed; and (3) hoisting one end of the upper opening of each supporting leg 4 by 1m from the ground by using an 80t crane E, hoisting four supporting legs 4 by using the 80t crane E respectively, and connecting the supporting legs 4 with the lower beam 3 after the supporting legs are hoisted to the reference height.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before the supporting legs 4 are lifted, a temporary platform (not shown) is set up on the supporting legs 4, so as to connect the supporting legs 4 and the main beam 2 on the temporary platform later. The temporary platform is arranged on the four peripheral surfaces of the supporting legs 4, the temporary platform comprises a platform main body and crawling ladders which are connected with the platform main body and used for people to go up and down, the temporary platforms are arranged on the side surfaces of the supporting legs, the crawling ladders extend in the height direction of the supporting legs 4, and the platform main body comprises a bottom plate and guardrails which are connected with the periphery of the bottom plate. Constructors stand on the temporary platform, fasten safety belts and install the main beam 2 and the supporting legs 4 under the condition of ensuring safety.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the step of installing the hawser 41 and the ground anchor 42 includes: arranging the ground anchors 42 on the ground on two sides of the track 1, firstly breaking the original ground into cubes of 500 x 400mm, embedding steel plates in advance, pouring C30 concrete, and checking to ensure that the pulling resistance of the anchor is more than 16t to ensure the safety; the installer connects the guy rope 41 to the ground anchor 42 and tightens it to adjust the level of the leg 4; the cable rope 41 is formed by connecting a 14mm steel wire rope and a 5t chain block, the steel wire rope is connected with a lifting lug on the supporting leg 4, and the chain block is connected with a ground anchor 42.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the two main beams 2 are lifted one by one, and after the main beams 2 are lifted to a height exceeding the height of the supporting legs 4, the main beams 2 are made to approach the supporting legs 4 until the connecting centers of the main beams 2 and the supporting legs 4 are relatively stable and connected;
specifically, the step of mounting the main beam 2 includes: (1) placing a crane, (2) trial hoisting of the main beam 2, and (3) formal hoisting of the main beam 2;
(1) when the main beam 2 is hoisted, the reasons that the main beam 2 is heavy and long, the site is limited and the like are considered, a 130t crane F and an 80t crane E are needed to be carried out simultaneously when the main beam 2 is installed, the self weight of a single main beam 2 is about 24t, and the two cranes are respectively stood on the inner side of the track 1 and are 3m away from the track.
(2) When the main beam 2 is tried to be hung, firstly, the whole main beam 2 is bound by a steel wire rope, the lower side of the steel wire rope is well padded by wrapping corners with rubber, and the wrapping corners are all tied on the steel wire rope by iron wires in order to prevent the wrapping corners from falling off and hitting a crane when a hook is loosened;
the assembled main beam 2 is lifted to test the hook, the hook is tested when the hook is 200-300 mm away from the ground, the hook is hovered for 5-10 s, the balance condition of the main beam 2 is observed, the braking condition and the bolting condition are checked, the hook is repeatedly adjusted, the use conditions of a lifting appliance, crane supporting legs 4 and the like are checked, and the construction safety of the lifting operation is ensured.
(3) After the trial hoisting is correct, the main beam 2 is hoisted slowly, and the signal worker conducts command uniformly during hoisting, so that the hoisting synchronism and coordination of the two cranes are ensured. When the main beam 2 leaves the ground for 2m, the crane can raise the pole to increase the safety factor, and the crane stops when the height exceeds the supporting leg 4; coordinating the rotating arms of the two cranes to enable the main beam 2 to approach the supporting legs 4, coordinating the cranes to slowly translate the main beam 2 until the connecting centers of the main beam 2 and the supporting legs 4 are aligned, aligning the main beam 2 and the supporting legs 4, slowly and stably lowering the main beam 2 to a position 20-50 mm above the supporting legs 4 to stop, adjusting the connection alignment relation of the main beam 2 and the supporting legs 4, lowering the main beam 2 to the supporting legs 4 to fix the main beam 2 and the supporting legs 4, and unhooking the cranes; the fixing device of the girder 2 is released, and the second girder 2 is hoisted in the same hoisting mode.
The step of mounting the connection beam 5 includes: treat girder 2 and 4 installation location of landing leg and accomplish the back, carry out 5 hoist and mount operations of tie-beam, under the circumstances of guaranteeing safety, slowly put it on girder 2, landing leg 4 that the installation is good, the installer carries out flange joint with 8.8 level high strength bolts, 2 hunches of inspection girder, stick-up degree, side turn behind girder 2, the tie-beam 5 constitution crane span structure, the inspection track: detecting the main beam 2 according to the camber, warp and lateral camber values provided by the quality part; (including crown, warp droop values provided by the technical sector); the connecting beam 5 hoisting station diagram is shown in fig. 11 and is installed with the lower cross beam 3 and the supporting legs 4.
The step of installing the walking trolley 6 comprises the following steps: lifting the travelling trolley 6 to 200-300 mm away from the ground, stopping for 5-8 min, and checking whether all lifting appliances are intact, whether the crane support legs 4 are settled and whether the fasteners are firm; and after the condition that no error exists, continuously lifting to the reference height, rotating the suspension arm by matching with a 130t crane F, slowly and stably moving the traveling trolley 6 to a position 100-200 mm above the main beam 2 to stop, aligning the wheels of the traveling trolley 6 with the main beam 2, slowly descending the crane, and checking that the wheels of the traveling trolley 6 completely enter the main beam 2 and then the crane loosens the rope and is unhooked. The hoisting station of the traveling trolley 6 is shown in fig. 12, and the 130t crane F is hoisted together with the main beam 2.
The installation of other accessories comprises the installation of an operation room, a ladder, a railing and the like and the installation of an electric part, and can refer to the installation steps of the operation room, the ladder, the railing and the like and the installation of the electric part in the prior art; the operating room is equipped with a special air conditioner to meet the requirements of heatstroke prevention and freeze prevention of a gantry crane driver.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A hoisting construction method of a gantry crane is used for installing the gantry crane on two rails which are arranged in parallel, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: providing two lower cross beams, and respectively hoisting and fixing the two lower cross beams on the two rails;
s2: providing two main beams, hanging the two main beams on two lower cross beams one by one, taking the lower cross beams as temporary placement sites of the two main beams, and adjusting the positions of the two main beams to be respectively vertical to the two lower cross beams;
s3: providing support legs, respectively hanging the support legs to a reference height, and then connecting the support legs to the lower cross beams, wherein the number of the support legs is four, every two support legs are arranged on the two lower cross beams, and the tops of the support legs define support points for mounting the two main beams;
s4: hoisting the two main beams one by one, and after the main beams are lifted to a height exceeding the height of the supporting legs, enabling the main beams to approach the supporting legs until the two ends of the main beams are in stable connection with the connecting centers of the supporting legs;
s5: and providing a connecting beam, respectively hoisting and connecting the connecting beam between two ends of the two main beams, and installing a walking trolley on the main beams after the hoisting of the connecting beam is finished.
2. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the lower cross beam, the support legs, the main beam, the connecting beam and the traveling trolley are hoisted by a crane, and the crane is located between the two rails.
3. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 1, further comprising: and respectively arranging an inclined support and a chain block on two sides of each lower cross beam, fixing one end of the inclined support with the lower cross beam, fixing the other end of the inclined support with a ground anchor, fixing one end of the chain block with the lower cross beam, and fixing the other end of the chain block with the ground anchor.
4. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 1, further comprising assembling and rechecking the main beam before the step S1, wherein the main beam is composed of multiple sections, and the multiple sections of the main beam are spliced first and then corrected for straightness and horizontal lateral bending.
5. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 further comprises arranging guy cables on two sides of the support legs, fixing one ends of the guy cables to the support legs, connecting the other ends of the guy cables to a chain block, and connecting the chain block to a ground anchor.
6. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 1, further comprising in step S4: before the support legs are hoisted, a temporary platform is erected on the support legs and used for connecting the support legs and the main beam on the temporary platform.
7. The gantry crane hoisting construction method according to claim 6, wherein the temporary platforms include a platform body and ladder stands connected to the platform body, each of the temporary platforms is provided on a side surface of the leg, the ladder stands extend in a height direction of the leg, and the platform body includes a bottom plate and a guardrail connected to a peripheral side of the bottom plate.
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| CN112429651A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-02 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Mounting construction process for 1000-ton lifting frame equipment |
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| CN111409789A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-14 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Hoisting assembly and hoisting method for bow main section of bulk cargo ship |
| CN112591620B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-02-03 | 中国葛洲坝集团市政工程有限公司 | Pressing beam type installation method of shield construction gantry crane |
| CN114352033B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2023-04-18 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Steel structure beam and column support mounting construction method |
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| CN1304268C (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2007-03-14 | 上海港口机械制造厂 | Method and apparatus for assembly of portal crane in shipbuilding |
| CN100522793C (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2009-08-05 | 同济大学 | Installing method of portal crane |
| CN101648680A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-02-17 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Unit assembling method of large-size gantry crane |
| CN102146660A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-08-10 | 中交四航局第一工程有限公司 | Installation methods of cross-arch-rib gantry crane and butterfly arch bridge space structure system |
| CN103171976B (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2015-04-01 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Hoisting method for shipyard gantry crane |
| CN103318768B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2015-01-21 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Assembling method of quayside with low posture |
| CN104878693B (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2017-02-01 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Lateral girder erection structure for truss double-girder type bridge girder erection machine, construction method of erection structure, and lateral girder erection method based on erection structure |
| CN105883614B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-05-01 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | The method that single device unbalance loading lifts gantry crane girder |
| CN106904538A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-06-30 | 郑州国水机械设计研究所有限公司 | A kind of installation method of cucurbit gantry crane |
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| CN112429651A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-02 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Mounting construction process for 1000-ton lifting frame equipment |
| CN112429651B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-05-23 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | Installation construction process for 1000-ton lifting frame equipment |
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