CN109909495A - Environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109909495A CN109909495A CN201910234994.6A CN201910234994A CN109909495A CN 109909495 A CN109909495 A CN 109909495A CN 201910234994 A CN201910234994 A CN 201910234994A CN 109909495 A CN109909495 A CN 109909495A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to copper-based composite bearing materials of a kind of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant and preparation method thereof, belong to Starved Lubrication bearing material technical field.The environmental protection copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant includes the following component according to mass percent meter: 0.5%~3% graphite powder, 3.5%~10.5% ferrous sulfide powder, 2% ~ 5% glass putty, 0.1% ~ 2% zinc powder, 0.1% ~ 2% ferrophosphorus powder, 80.5%~94.5% copper powder, 0.1%~2% process control binder, and the sum of each component is 100%.The present invention replaces the lead in ordinary copper lead powder powder metallurgy material using the antisticking of the antifriction performance and ferrous sulfide of graphite, the synergistic effect of wear-resisting property, the unleaded of copper based powder metallurgy material is not only realized, being obviously improved for material anti-attrition wear-resisting property is also achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Starved Lubrication bearing material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of copper-based composite shaft of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant
Corbel material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Copper-lead bearing material fatigue resistance height, large carrying capacity, antisticking and properties of antifriction and wear resistance is good, hot transmitting
Performance is good, is used widely in the fields such as automobile engine bearings and parts with frication pair, sliding bearing.It is closed using copper-lead
Surface abrasion particle can be generated under the secondary mutual rubbing action between part of the friction of golden bearing material.However, since lead is one
Kind extremely toxic substance, these surface abrasion particles containing lead element can bring human health and natural environment irreversible serious
Harm.Under the premise of being free of lead substance, how to obtain a kind of not only environmentally friendly but also copper-based compound with excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance
Bearing material is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant copper-based composite shaft
Corbel material and preparation method thereof not only realizes the unleaded of copper based powder metallurgy material, also achieves material anti-attrition wearability
Energy is obviously improved.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, including the following component according to mass percent meter: 0.5%~
3% graphite powder, 3.5%~10.5% ferrous sulfide powder, 2%~5% glass putty, 0.1%~2% zinc powder, 0.1%~2% ferrophosphorus
Powder, 80.5%~94.5% copper powder, 0.1%~2% process control binder, the sum of each component are 100%.
Further, the graphite powder is high expansion flaky graphite powder, and mesh number is 100 mesh, the coefficient of expansion 300
Times, moisture content 0.2%, fixed carbon content is greater than 95%.
Further, the partial size of the ferrous sulfide powder is 325 mesh, and purity is greater than 99.5%.
Further, in the ferrous sulfide powder sulphur content 35.96%-36.16%, the content of iron is in 63.21%-
63.34%.
Further, the process control binder is formulated by ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal, institute
The mass ratio for stating ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal is 8:1:1.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant described in one kind, including it is as follows
Step:
Step 1 weighs: weighing each dusty material respectively by the mass percent；
High-energy ball milling powder mixing: step 2 is matched as described by graphite powder, ferrous sulfide powder, glass putty, zinc powder, ferrophosphorus
Powder, copper powder and process control binder mixing and ball milling powder, obtain composite metal powder；
Step 3, cold compaction: the composite metal powder is cold-pressed, and obtains cold pressing part；
Sintering: step 4 the cold pressing part is sintered, the copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant is obtained；
Immersion oil: step 5 by the environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of anti-friction wear-resistant through vacuum oil immersion, obtains environmentally friendly subtract
Rub wear resistant copper-based composite bearing material.
Further, ball milling described in step 2 carries out in high-energy ball milling tank.
Further, process control binder described in step 2 specific be the preparation method comprises the following steps: press the quality proportioning,
Weigh ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal, be placed in reaction vessel, agitating and heating, heating and temperature control 120 DEG C-
140 DEG C, heating time 30min；Later, solidify 2h at room temperature, form cured process control binder.
Further, cold compaction described in step 3 specifically: the composite metal powder is poured into cold stamping die,
Then the cold stamping die is put under hydraulic press, the pressure that hydraulic press is arranged is 550MPa~650MPa, at this pressure pressure maintaining
Release after 10-15min forms cold pressing part.
Further, sintering described in step 4 carries out in the powder metallurgy sintering furnace that ammonia dissolving atmosphere is protected, and burns
The temperature of freezing of a furnace is 1000 DEG C~1120 DEG C, sintering time 4h；Vacuum oil immersion described in step 5 in vacuum immersion oil machine into
Row, 100 DEG C~120 DEG C of oil temperature, the immersion oil time is 1~2h, and vacuum pressure is 7KPa~8KPa.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is replaced common using the antisticking of the antifriction performance and ferrous sulfide of graphite, the synergistic effect of wear-resisting property
Lead in copper-lead powdered metallurgical material not only realizes the unleaded of copper based powder metallurgy material, and it is resistance to also achieve material anti-attrition
Mill performance is obviously improved；
The copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant produced by the present invention, the grinding generated in process of friction and wear
Grain no pollution to the environment, harmless, while also there is excellent anti-attrition wear-resisting property.And the environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant is copper-based multiple
Bearing material is closed under Starved Lubrication operating condition, the enough lubricating oil stored in material can precipitate into frictional interface, to rise
The effect of supplemental lubrication has been arrived, the anti-friction wear-resistant of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant can be further enhanced
Energy.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The following are the raw materials used explanations of embodiment:
Graphite is high expansion flaky graphite powder, and mesh number is 100 mesh, and the coefficient of expansion is 300 times, moisture content 0.2%, Gu
Carbon content is determined greater than 95%.Process control binder is ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal 8:1:1 in mass ratio preparation
It forms.The partial size of ferrous sulfide powder is 325 mesh, and purity is greater than 99.5%.The wherein content 35.96%-36.16% of sulphur, iron
Content is in 63.21%-63.34%.Oil product during vacuum oil immersion is the lubricating oil for adding Nanometer Copper.
Embodiment 1
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
0.25g (0.5%) graphite powder, 43.7g (87.4%) copper powder, 1.2g (2.4%) glass putty, 3.95g (7.9%) vulcanization
Ferrous powder, 0.25g (0.5%) zinc powder, 0.35g (0.7%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.3g (0.6%) process control binder.
Specific preparation process is as follows:
(a) it weighs: weighing each dusty material by above-mentioned mass percent；
(b) high-energy ball milling powder mixing: by graphite powder, ferrous sulfide powder, glass putty, zinc powder, ferrophosphorus powder, copper powder and excessively program-controlled
Binder processed is put into high-energy ball milling tank by said ratio, and ball powder-grinding mixing obtains composite metal powder；The process control
The specific of binder weighs ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal the preparation method comprises the following steps: by the quality proportioning, is placed in anti-
It answers in container, turn on agitator and heater heating, heating and temperature control is at 120 DEG C -140 DEG C, heating time 30min；It
Afterwards, solidify 2h at room temperature, form cured process control binder.
(c) cold compaction: above-mentioned composite metal powder is poured into cold stamping die, the cold stamping die is then put into hydraulic press
Under, the pressure that hydraulic press is arranged is 650MPa, and release after pressure maintaining 15min at this pressure forms cold pressing part；
(d) it is sintered: above-mentioned cold pressing part being put into the powder metallurgy sintering furnace of ammonia dissolving atmosphere protection, powder metallurgy is set
The temperature of sintering furnace is 1120 DEG C, sintering time 4h, obtains the copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant；
(e) immersion oil: the above-mentioned environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of anti-friction wear-resistant is put into vacuum immersion oil machine and is carried out very
Empty immersion oil, 120 DEG C of oil temperature, the immersion oil time is 2h, vacuum pressure 8KPa, obtains the copper-based composite shaft corbel of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant
Material.The density 8.411g/cm of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant3, hardness 610HBW, oil storage rate 14.30%, rub
Wipe coefficient 0.103, Wear track depth 0.021.
Embodiment 2
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
0.75g (1.5%) graphite powder, 42.8g (85.6%) copper powder, 1.7g (3.4%) glass putty, 3.95g (7.9%) vulcanization
Ferrous powder, 0.2g (0.4%) zinc powder, 0.35g (0.7%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.25g (0.5%) process control binder.
Specific preparation step and method obtain the density of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant with embodiment 1
8.323g/cm3, hardness 607HBW, oil storage rate 14.21%, coefficient of friction 0.093, Wear track depth 0.024.Ratio is done with embodiment 1
Compared with the density of the present embodiment formula materials reduces, and coefficient of friction reduces.
Embodiment 3
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
1.25g (2.5%) graphite powder, 42.1g (84.2%) copper powder, 1.9g (3.8%) glass putty, 3.95g (7.9%) vulcanization
Ferrous powder, 0.2g (0.4%) zinc powder, 0.35g (0.7%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.25g (0.5%) process control binder.
Specific preparation step and method obtain the density of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant with embodiment 1
8.244g/cm3, hardness 612HBW, oil storage rate 14.27%, coefficient of friction 0.082, Wear track depth 0.017.It is done with embodiment 1,2
Compare, the self-lubricating of the present embodiment formula materials and anti-attrition wear-resisting property are preferable.
Embodiment 4
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
1.0g (2%) graphite powder, 43.45g (86.9%) copper powder, 2.25g (4.5%) glass putty, 2.5g (5%) ferrous sulfide
Powder, 0.2g (0.4%) zinc powder, 0.35g (0.7%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.25g (0.5%) process control binder.
Specific preparation step and method obtain the density of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant with embodiment 1
8.375g/cm3, hardness 592HBW, oil storage rate 13.72%, coefficient of friction 0.086, Wear track depth 0.028.Ratio is done with embodiment 3
Compared with the Wear track depth of the present embodiment formula materials is larger.
Embodiment 5
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
1.0g (2%) graphite powder, 43g (86%) copper powder, 2.2g (4.4%) glass putty, 3.5g (7%) ferrous sulfide powder,
0.2g (0.4%) zinc powder, 0.35g (0.7%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.25g (0.5%) process control binder.
Specific preparation step and method obtain the density of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant with embodiment 1
8.585g/cm3, hardness 608HBW, oil storage rate 14.29%, coefficient of friction 0.085, Wear track depth 0.023.Ratio is done with embodiment 3
Compared with the density and Wear track depth of the present embodiment formula materials are larger.
Embodiment 6
The environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant, the component including following quality (mass percent) proportion:
1.0g (2%) graphite powder, 42.6g (85.2%) copper powder, 1.75g (3.5%) glass putty, 4.0g (8%) ferrous sulfide
Powder, 0.2g (0.4%) zinc powder, 0.3g (0.6%) ferrophosphorus powder, 0.25g (0.5%) process control binder.
Specific preparation step and method obtain the density of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant with embodiment 1
8.309g/cm3, hardness 621HBW, oil storage rate 14.53%, coefficient of friction 0.087, Wear track depth 0.014.Ratio is done with embodiment 3
Compared with the hardness of the present embodiment formula materials is higher, and self-lubricating property is similar, and anti-attrition wear-resisting property is preferable.
Comparative example 1
The raw material and quality (mass percent) of common lead copper powder metallurgy material are as follows:
39.75g (79.5%) copper powder, 5g (10%) lead powder, 2.5g (5%) glass putty, 2.5g (5%) nickel powder, 0.25g
(0.5%) process control binder.
Process control bonding agent used is same as Example 1, and specific preparation step and method obtain common with embodiment 1
The density 9.06g/cm of lead bronze powdered metallurgical material3, hardness 590HBW, oil storage rate 9.425%, coefficient of friction 0.125, polishing scratch it is deep
Degree 0.038.
The performance comparison of the copper-based composite bearing material of the environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant of table 1
As shown in Table 1, compared with comparative example 1- common lead copper powder metallurgy material, density of material of the invention is dropped
Low, average friction coefficient and Wear track depth are obviously reduced, and hardness and oil storage rate significantly improve.With comparative example 1- common lead copper powders
Metallurgical material is compared, the density of specific embodiment 1~6 reduce amplitude be respectively 7.16%, 8.13%, 9.00%, 7.56%,
7.45%, 8.29%, it is respectively 3.39%, 2.88%, 3.73%, 0.34%, 3.05%, 5.25% that hardness, which promotes amplitude, storage
It is respectively 51.93%, 50.77%, 51.40%, 45.57%, 51.62%, 54.16% that oil cut rate, which promotes amplitude, coefficient of friction drop
Low amplitude is respectively 17.6%, 25.6%, 34.4%, 31.2%, 32%, 30.4%, and Wear track depth reduces amplitude and is respectively
44.73%, 36.84%, 55.26%, 26.31%, 39.47%, 63.15%.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail for above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula can also be done without departing from the purpose of the present invention within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art
Various change out.
Claims (10)
1. the copper-based composite bearing material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant, which is characterized in that including the following component according to mass percent meter:
0.5%~3% graphite powder, 3.5%~10.5% ferrous sulfide powder, 2%~5% glass putty, 0.1%~2% zinc powder, 0.1%~
2% ferrophosphorus powder, 80.5%~94.5% copper powder, 0.1%~2% process control binder, the sum of each component are 100%.
2. environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant copper-based composite bearing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graphite powder is
High expansion flaky graphite powder, mesh number are 100 mesh, and the coefficient of expansion is 300 times, and moisture content 0.2%, fixed carbon content is greater than
95%.
3. the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ferrous sulfide
The partial size of powder is 325 mesh, and purity is greater than 99.5%.
4. the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the ferrous sulfide
The content 35.96%~36.16% of sulphur in powder, the content 63.21%~63.34% of iron.
5. the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the process control
Binder is formulated by ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal, the ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and Pioloform, polyvinyl acetal
Mass ratio is 8:1:1.
6. the preparation method of the environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing material of anti-friction wear-resistant described in claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Step 1 weighs: weighing each dusty material respectively by the mass percent；
High-energy ball milling powder mixing: step 2 is matched as described by graphite powder, ferrous sulfide powder, glass putty, zinc powder, ferrophosphorus powder, copper
Powder and process control binder mixing and ball milling powder, obtain composite metal powder；
Step 3, cold compaction: the composite metal powder is cold-pressed, and obtains cold pressing part；
Sintering: step 4 the cold pressing part is sintered, the copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of environmentally friendly anti-friction wear-resistant is obtained；
Immersion oil: step 5 by the environmentally friendly copper-based composite bearing agglomerated material of anti-friction wear-resistant through vacuum oil immersion, it is resistance to obtain environmentally friendly antifriction
Grind copper-based composite bearing material.
7. the preparation method of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step
Rapid two ball milling carries out in high-energy ball milling tank.
8. the preparation method of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step
Process control binder described in rapid two specific weighs ethyl alcohol, epoxy resin and poly- the preparation method comprises the following steps: press the quality proportioning
Vinyl acetal is placed in reaction vessel, agitating and heating, and heating and temperature control is at 120 DEG C -140 DEG C, heating time 30min；
Later, solidify 2h at room temperature, form cured process control binder.
9. the preparation method of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step
Cold compaction described in rapid three specifically: the composite metal powder is poured into cold stamping die, is then put into the cold stamping die
Under hydraulic press, the pressure that hydraulic press is arranged is 550MPa~650MPa, and release after pressure maintaining 10-15min at this pressure is formed cold
Casting die.
10. the preparation method of the copper-based composite bearing material of environmental protection anti-friction wear-resistant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
Sintering described in step 4 carries out in the powder metallurgy sintering furnace that ammonia dissolving atmosphere protect, the temperature of sintering furnace for 1000 DEG C~
1120 DEG C, sintering time 4h；Vacuum oil immersion described in step 5 carries out in vacuum immersion oil machine, and 100 DEG C~120 DEG C of oil temperature,
The immersion oil time is 1~2h, and vacuum pressure is 7KPa~8KPa, and the oil product during vacuum oil immersion is the lubrication for adding Nanometer Copper
Oil.
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Application publication date: 20190621 |