CN109899073A - A kind of shield launching method - Google Patents
A kind of shield launching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109899073A CN109899073A CN201910209842.0A CN201910209842A CN109899073A CN 109899073 A CN109899073 A CN 109899073A CN 201910209842 A CN201910209842 A CN 201910209842A CN 109899073 A CN109899073 A CN 109899073A
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- steel bushing
- pressure
- shield
- shield machine
- freezing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shield launching methods, comprising the following steps: assembly steel bushing, shield machine and negative endless tube piece at starting well hole；Steel bushing is backfilled, and carries out voltage-withstand test；The soil layer at starting well hole is freezed using vertical freezing；Shield machine tunnels forward, removes originating equipment after shield machine Excavation Length meets execution conditions.The invention has the advantages that guaranteeing the soil stabilization at shield launching hole, reduce the risk for originating period Sand；Steel bushing stable structure, it is convenient that construction is set up；A stable driving channel is created, guarantees that shield machine can reduce the security risk of shield launching continuously normally from the non-equilibrium operating condition smooth transition of soil pressure to balance condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tunneling shield technical fields, and in particular to a kind of shield launching method.
Background technique
Shield launching technology is a mark of one of key technology of shield construction and shield-tunneling construction success or failure.?
It is necessary to ensure that hole stabilization in shield launching scheme and effectively controls surface subsidence.However, existing shield launching technology needle
Starting end head stabilization zone is limited by space and does not have traditional reinforcing condition or has few construction environment for reinforcing condition, is difficult
Meet the technical indicator of hole stabilization and control surface subsidence simultaneously.It is then desired to be improved to existing shield technique.
Summary of the invention
According to the deficiencies of the prior art described above, It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of shield launching methods, pass through
Using steel bushing originate with vertical Refrigeration Technique so that shield machine can be continuously normally non-from soil pressure during shield launching
Balance condition smooth transition is to balance condition.
The object of the invention realization is completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of shield launching method, comprising the following steps: install annular interconnecting piece on the circle of pre-buried hole, lift under steel bushing
Cylinder makes the front end of the lower shell connect the lower half of the annular interconnecting piece, by shield machine lifting to the lower shell
In, rear end cap is installed in the rear end of the lower shell, and set up reaction frame in the rear end of the rear end cap, by the steel bushing
Upper shell is assembled on the corresponding lower shell, and several negative endless tube pieces are spliced in the steel bushing；Pass through the steel bushing
On injected hole fill mixture into steel bushing, and voltage-withstand test is carried out to the steel bushing；Using vertical freezing to described
The peripheral soil layer of pre-buried hole circle is freezed to construct consolidation by freezing area；The shield machine tunnels forward, digs to the shield machine
Originating equipment is removed after meeting execution conditions into length.
Bottom on the inside of the lower shell is provided with two parallel guide rails, before lifting the shield machine, leads described
It is laid with sand between rail, and the sand is compacted, the top surface of the sand after compacting is higher by 15 millimeters of the guide rail.
At least two jack, the spacing of the adjacent jack are provided between the reaction frame and the rear end cap
Identical, the reversed axle power of the reaction frame is consistent with the shield machine positive thrust.
The mixture includes sand and bentonite.
Voltage-withstand test is carried out to the steel bushing the following steps are included: the maximum in surrounding formation is enclosed in the measurement pre-buried hole
Hydraulic pressure determines water pressure resistance value according to the maximum hydraulic pressure, synchronous grouting pressure and safety stock coefficient, passes through the steel bushing
On water injection hole topped up with water in the steel bushing is filled into the steel bushing, detect the cylinder pressure of the steel bushing, if
The cylinder pressure is not less than the water pressure resistance value, then passes through voltage-withstand test；If the cylinder pressure is less than the water pressure resistance value,
Then inflated into the water injection hole to the cylinder pressure using air compressor machine not less than the water pressure resistance value.
During carrying out voltage-withstand test to the steel bushing, each junction of the steel bushing is detected, if discovery
Leak or desoldering then carry out release by the water injection hole and carry out closure processing at steel bushing leak or at desoldering.
Pressure testing is carried out to the freezing pipe for being inserted perpendicularly into the consolidation by freezing area before the vertical freezing, test pressure is
The decline of 30min pressure is no more than 0.05MPa and the constant freezing pipe of continuous 15min pressure is regarded as testing by 0.8MPa
It is qualified.
The vertical freezing uses 25 DEG C to -28 DEG C of salt water for refrigerant, controls the temperature in the consolidation by freezing area
No more than 10 DEG C, uniaxial compressive strength 3-4MPa, buckling strength 1.5-2MPa, direct shear strength 1-2MPa.
Shield machine cutterhead revolving speed when passing through the consolidation by freezing area is 1-1.4r/min, and fltting speed is greater than
10mm/min, the shield machine is when being detached from 1 ring position of consolidation by freezing area, when support pressure to normal promote is gradually increased
Pressure, the shield machine stops freezing after having spliced+2 rings.
The invention has the advantages that guaranteeing the soil stabilization at shield launching hole, reduce the risk for originating period Sand；
Steel bushing stable structure, it is convenient that construction is set up；A stable driving channel is created, guarantees that shield machine can continuously normally
From the non-equilibrium operating condition smooth transition of soil pressure to balance condition, the security risk of shield launching is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention in steel bushing set up after structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of steel bushing in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the soil layer in the embodiment of the present invention at starting well hole；
Fig. 4 is the side the schematic diagram of the section structure of the soil layer in the embodiment of the present invention at starting well hole；
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention in steel bushing set up after inside structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Feature of the invention and other correlated characteristics are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with attached drawing, with
Convenient for the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Such as Fig. 1-5, respectively label is respectively as follows: steel bushing 1, annular interconnecting piece 2, lower shell 3, upper shell 4, rear end cap 5, counter-force in figure
9, consolidation by freezing area 10, freezing pipe 11 are enclosed in frame 6, negative endless tube piece 7, shield machine 8, pre-buried hole.
Embodiment: as shown in Figs. 1-5, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of shield launching method, by using steel bushing
Originate with vertical Refrigeration Technique so that the soil layer position for originating hole during shield launching is stable and surface subsidence is controlled.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, in the present embodiment, steel bushing 1 is installed in the position of launching shaft i.e. pre-buried hole circle 9,
The backfill object that shield machine 8 is mounted in steel bushing 1 and is filled in steel bushing 1, enables the space in steel bushing 1 to balance
The Water And Earth Pressures of face, and using vertical freezing engineering method by the loose caving ground of starting well hole wall surrounding aqueous vertically into
Row freezes to form the closed frost wall for meeting engineering construction safety requirement and playing interim protective effect, and then realizes shield machine
8 can be continuously normally from the non-equilibrium operating condition smooth transition of soil pressure to balance condition.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, the shield launching method in the present embodiment the following steps are included: at starting well hole assembly steel
Sleeve 1, shield machine 8 and negative endless tube piece 7；Steel bushing 1 is backfilled, and carries out voltage-withstand test；Using vertical freezing to originating
The soil layer of Jing Dongchu is freezed；Shield machine 8 tunnels forward, removes and originates after 8 Excavation Length of shield machine meets execution conditions
Equipment.Above-mentioned originating equipment includes steel bushing 1 and negative endless tube piece 7.
As shown in Fig. 1-2 and Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, assembled steel bushing 1, shield machine 8 and negative endless tube piece 7 include following step
It is rapid: annular interconnecting piece 2 to be installed on pre-buried hole circle 9, annular interconnecting piece 2 includes the connection ring of front end and the transition rings of rear end, is connected
1 meter of length of ring is connect, connection ring is the cylinder of steel bushing 1 and the connecting component of pre-buried hole circle 9.The length of transition rings is 0.5 meter,
Connection ring is coupled by transition rings with cylinder.8.8 meters of the length of the cylinder of steel bushing 1, the length of rear end cap 5 are 0.5 meter.Steel
The cylinder of sleeve 1 is divided into multistage installation, and every section is divided into two parts up and down and is not lifted.
As shown in Fig. 1-2 and Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the lower shell 3 of lifting steel bushing 1 connects the front end of lower shell 3
The lower half of annular interconnecting piece 2 first lifts the lower semisection of the first segment steel bushing near hole, so that the center of steel bushing 1
It is overlapped with well head shield body center line, then successively lifts the second section steel bushing and third section steel bushing.By the lifting of shield machine 8 under
In cylinder 3, rear end cap 5 is installed in the rear end of lower shell 3 and sets up reaction frame 6 in the rear end of rear end cap 5, by the upper of steel bushing 1
Cylinder 4 is assembled on lower shell 3 and the rear and front end of upper shell 4 is made to be separately connected annular interconnecting piece 2 and rear end cap 5, in steel
Several negative endless tube pieces 7 of splicing in sleeve 1.The cylinder of steel bushing 1 is divided into three sections, and every section is divided into lower shell 3 and upper shell 4, spells
Cylinder internal diameter after dress is 6.5 meters, and the material of cylinder is the Q235B steel plate of 16 millimeters thicks.The cylinder periphery welding of steel bushing 1 is vertical
To gusset and circumferential gusset formed it is netted to guarantee cylinder rigidity, above-mentioned gusset is 20 millimeters thick, it is 150 millimeters high, netted plate muscle
Between be divided into 550 millimeters * 600 millimeters.The end and upper and lower two sections of circular arc joint surfaces of every section of cylinder are all made of flanged joint, flange
On spiro keyhole position installed circular seal ring to guarantee sealing effect.
In the present embodiment, the bottom of 3 inside of lower shell is provided with two parallel guide rails, before lifting shield machine 8, is leading
It is laid with sand between rail, and sand is compacted, the top surface of the sand after compacting is higher by guide rail 15mm, the bottom layer of sand energy after compacting
Enough to provide the counter-force of sufficient 8 torsional friction of anti-shield machine, guide rail is used to provide the guidance tunneled forward for shield machine 8.Counter-force
Several jack being evenly spaced on, the reversed axle power and 8 positive of shield machine of reaction frame 6 are provided between frame 6 and rear end cap 5
Thrust is consistent, and equally distributed jack can guarantee that the thrust to negative endless tube piece 7 and shield machine 8 keeps relatively stable shape
State.
In the present embodiment, mixture is filled into steel bushing 1 by the injected hole on steel bushing 1, mixture include sand and
Bentonite needs to carry out voltage-withstand test to steel bushing 1 after mixture backfill.Carrying out voltage-withstand test to steel bushing 1 includes following step
It is rapid: the maximum hydraulic pressure that pre-buried hole is enclosed in 9 front end stratum to be measured, according to maximum hydraulic pressure, synchronous grouting pressure and safety stock system
Number determines water pressure resistance value, is filled to topped up with water in steel bushing 1 into steel bushing 1 by the water injection hole on steel bushing 1, detects steel bushing
The cylinder pressure of cylinder 1 passes through voltage-withstand test if cylinder pressure is not less than water pressure resistance value；If cylinder pressure is less than water pressure resistance value,
Then inflated into water injection hole to cylinder pressure using air compressor machine not less than water pressure resistance value.Voltage-withstand test process is carried out to steel bushing 1
In, each junction of steel bushing 1 is detected, if discovery leak or desoldering, release is carried out by water injection hole and to steel bushing
Closure processing is carried out at 1 leak of cylinder or at desoldering.After above-mentioned backfill and voltage-withstand test, formation and shield launching in steel bushing 1
Earth pressure approximately tunnels environment, and 1 structure of steel bushing is able to maintain that internal biggish pressure.
As shown in Figure 3-4, in the present embodiment, vertical freezing is used to freeze with structure the soil layer close to pre-buried hole circle 9
Build in the operation in consolidation by freezing area 10, the frost wall generated at launching shaft hole with a thickness of 2.5 meters -3 meters, the jelly of frost wall
Tying range is upward 3 meters, 3.5 meters downward, 3.0m, to the right 3.0m to the left outside shield section.Vertical freezing is using 25 DEG C to -28
DEG C salt water be refrigerant, the temperature of control freezing stabilization zone 10 is not more than 10 DEG C, uniaxial compressive strength 3-4MPa, bending
Intensity 1.5-2MPa, direct shear strength 1-2MPa.3 row's freezing holes, 42 freezing pipes 11, every row's freezing pipe are provided at starting well hole
0.8 meter -1 meter of 11 spacing, the spacing of adjacent freezing pipe 11 is 0.8 meter -1.1 meters in same row's freezing pipe 11, at starting well hole
It is additionally provided with 4 temperature tubes.No. 20 structural carbon steels that above-mentioned freezing pipe 11 and temperature tube are all made of 127 millimeters of diameter are constituted.
Pressure testing is carried out to the freezing pipe 11 for being inserted perpendicularly into consolidation by freezing area 10 before vertical freezing, during pressure testing, test pressure is
The decline of 30min pressure is no more than 0.05MPa and the constant freezing pipe 11 of continuous 15min pressure determines qualified, passed through by 0.8MPa
Freezing pipe 11 after pressure testing can guarantee that stable frost wall can be obtained after vertically freezing.Temperature in consolidation by freezing area 10 reaches
To after design temperature, the temperature maintenance for properly increasing refrigerant freezes plus effect.
As shown in Figure 3-4, in the present embodiment, when passing through consolidation by freezing area 10, cutterhead revolving speed is in high and turns shield machine 8
Speed, low torque state, cutterhead revolving speed are 1-1.4r/min, and fltting speed is greater than 10mm/min, and shield machine 8 is being detached from consolidation by freezing
When 101 ring position of area, pressure when support pressure to normal promote is gradually increased, shield machine 8 stops freezing after having spliced+2 rings
Knot.Shield machine 8 quickly carries out pipe sheet assembling when passing through frost wall, and is always ensured that at cutterhead during pipe sheet assembling
In rotary state, it is frozen in prevent cutterhead.Region where the above-mentioned namely frost wall of consolidation by freezing area 10.
In the present embodiment, the execution conditions for removing steel bushing 1 and negative endless tube piece 7 are to be confirmed according to the following formula: F=μ
π DLP, wherein L is the length for completing assembled section of jurisdiction tunnel；μ is the coefficient of friction of section of jurisdiction and the soil body；D is the outer diameter of section of jurisdiction；P
For the average soil pressure for acting on the section of jurisdiction back side.The specified maximum thrust of shield machine 8 is Fmax, safety coefficient 1.5, according to above-mentioned
Formula, obtain steel bushing 1 it is dismountable when shield driving length judgment formula are as follows: L=1.5 × Fmax/(μ π DP).According to upper
The judgment formula stated can be incited somebody to action when completing calculated result of the length L in assembled section of jurisdiction tunnel greater than 1.5 × Fmax/(μ π DP)
Steel bushing 1 and negative endless tube piece 7 are removed.The step of removing steel bushing 1 includes: the reinforcing support except steel bushing 1, decomposes steel bushing
1 upper semisection of cylinder, and block-by-block is hung out, and removes the lower semisection of negative endless tube piece 7 and steel bushing 1, removes reaction frame 6, is restored in starting well
Track and the equipment such as water pipe, cable.
The present embodiment has the advantages that the soil stabilization for guaranteeing shield launching hole, and reduction originates period Sand
Risk；The stable structure of steel bushing 1, it is convenient that construction is set up；A stable driving channel is created, guarantees 8 energy of shield machine
It is enough continuous normally from the non-equilibrium operating condition smooth transition of soil pressure to balance condition, reduce the security risk of shield launching.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of shield launching method, which comprises the following steps: annular interconnecting piece is installed on the circle of pre-buried hole,
The lower half that the lower shell of steel bushing makes the front end of the lower shell connect the annular interconnecting piece is lifted, by shield machine lifting
To in the lower shell, rear end cap is installed in the rear end of the lower shell, and set up reaction frame in the rear end of the rear end cap, it will
The upper shell of the steel bushing is assembled on the corresponding lower shell, and several negative endless tube pieces are spliced in the steel bushing；It is logical
The injected hole crossed on the steel bushing fills mixture into steel bushing, and carries out voltage-withstand test to the steel bushing；Using vertical
Direct-cooled freeze freezes to construct consolidation by freezing area the peripheral soil layer of the pre-buried hole circle；The shield machine tunnels forward, to
The shield machine Excavation Length removes originating equipment after meeting execution conditions.
2. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom on the inside of the lower shell is set
Two parallel guide rails are equipped with, before lifting the shield machine, are laid with sand between the guide rail, and by the sand pressure
Real, the top surface of the sand after compacting is higher by 15 millimeters of the guide rail.
3. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reaction frame and the rear end cap
Between be provided at least two jack, the spacing of the adjacent jack is identical, the reversed axle power of the reaction frame and institute
Shield machine positive thrust is stated to be consistent.
4. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mixture includes sand and swelling
Soil.
5. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out pressure-resistant survey to the steel bushing
Examination is the following steps are included: the maximum hydraulic pressure in surrounding formation is enclosed in the measurement pre-buried hole, according to the maximum hydraulic pressure, synchronous grouting
Pressure and safety stock coefficient determine water pressure resistance value, are filled to by the water injection hole on the steel bushing into the steel bushing
Topped up with water in the steel bushing detects the cylinder pressure of the steel bushing, if the cylinder pressure is not less than the water pressure resistance value,
Then pass through voltage-withstand test；If the cylinder pressure is less than the water pressure resistance value, inflated using air compressor machine into the water injection hole
It is not less than the water pressure resistance value to the cylinder pressure.
6. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that carry out pressure-resistant survey to the steel bushing
During examination, each junction of the steel bushing is detected, if discovery leak or desoldering, are carried out by the water injection hole
Release simultaneously carries out closure processing at steel bushing leak or at desoldering.
7. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that vertical before the vertical freezing
The freezing pipe for being inserted into the consolidation by freezing area carries out pressure testing, and the decline of 30min pressure is no more than by test pressure 0.8MPa
The 0.05MPa and constant freezing pipe of continuous 15min pressure regards as pass the test.
8. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vertical freezing uses 25 DEG C
It is refrigerant to -28 DEG C of salt water, the temperature for controlling the consolidation by freezing area is not more than 10 DEG C, uniaxial compressive strength 3-
4MPa, buckling strength 1.5-2MPa, direct shear strength 1-2MPa.
9. a kind of shield launching method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shield machine is passing through the jelly
Cutterhead revolving speed is 1-1.4r/min when tying stabilization zone, and fltting speed is greater than 10mm/min, and the shield machine freezes described in the disengaging
When 1 ring position of stabilization zone, pressure when support pressure to normal promote is gradually increased, the shield machine stops after having spliced+2 rings
Only freeze.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910209842.0A CN109899073A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of shield launching method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910209842.0A CN109899073A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of shield launching method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109899073A true CN109899073A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
Family
ID=66952404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910209842.0A Pending CN109899073A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of shield launching method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109899073A (en) |
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2019
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Application publication date: 20190618 |
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