CN109874928B - Hydrothermal depolymerization method for improving quality of silage raw materials - Google Patents
Hydrothermal depolymerization method for improving quality of silage raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN109874928B CN109874928B CN201910040167.3A CN201910040167A CN109874928B CN 109874928 B CN109874928 B CN 109874928B CN 201910040167 A CN201910040167 A CN 201910040167A CN 109874928 B CN109874928 B CN 109874928B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrothermal depolymerization method for improving the quality of silage raw materials, which comprises the following steps: the silage raw material is used as a substrate, choline chloride aqueous solution is used as a reaction medium, the silage raw material is subjected to a hydrothermal depolymerization reaction for 10min to 60min at 100 ℃ to 160 ℃, and a solid-liquid mixture after the reaction is cooled to obtain a depolymerized material.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of silage, in particular to a hydrothermal depolymerization method for improving the quality of silage raw materials.
Background art:
the green succulent crops can be preserved for a long time in the process of ensiling the raw materials, and the raw material supply for livestock and poultry in four seasons is met. The ensiling raw material preserves the nutrition and moisture of the green crops, and simultaneously, a large amount of lactic acid and aromatic compounds are generated in the ensiling process, so that the raw material is yellow green in color, sour and fragrant in smell, soft and juicy, and good in palatability. Besides improving the ensiling effect by changing the storage mode, the types of raw materials and the like, the ensiling quality is generally improved by additionally adding organic/inorganic chemical agents (CN 106819407A, CN 104286604A), acid-producing bacteria (CN 108060103A, CN108060104A, CN107653203A and CN 104336416B) or compound bacteria and enzymes (CN 107325974A, CN108041289A, CN106173246A and CN 1224333C). In general, the microbial ensiling process mainly acts on soluble sugar or protein, and has little influence on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which account for the main contents, so that the ensiling has a limited improvement range on the digestion of livestock and poultry, particularly the digestion of monogastric animals.
The green and efficient depolymerization method is developed, lignin components which are difficult to digest in the silage raw materials are removed, cellulose and hemicellulose derived sugar which are easier to digest are depolymerized, and the method has important significance for improving the quality of the silage raw materials.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a hydrothermal depolymerization method for improving the quality of an ensiling raw material, which depolymerizes hemicellulose, starch and the like in the raw material into oligosaccharide under a hydrothermal condition by virtue of small organic molecular acid contained in the ensiling raw material, is beneficial to the health of animals, removes part of lignin and retains cellulose, so that the raw material becomes loose and porous, is beneficial to the digestion of the animals, has better palatability, does not need subsequent treatment such as detoxification and the like, increases the content of functional oligosaccharide and the digestibility of the raw material, obviously improves the gas production efficiency of the raw material if used as a biogas fermentation substrate, has simple, green, safe and cheap process, is easy to popularize and apply, and solves the problem.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a aquathermolysis process for improving the quality of an ensilaged feedstock, the process comprising the steps of: taking an ensiling raw material as a substrate, taking a choline chloride aqueous solution as a reaction medium, carrying out a hydrolytic polymerization reaction for 10min-60min at the temperature of 100-160 ℃, and cooling a solid-liquid mixture after the reaction to obtain a depolymerized material.
The depolymerized material has the advantages of obviously removed lignin components and obviously increased oligosaccharide components, can be directly used as feed for feeding livestock or used as a biogas fermentation substrate, and obviously improves the gas production efficiency of the raw material.
The mass concentration of choline chloride in the reaction medium is 0.1-1.0wt%, and the mass concentration of the biomass substrate is 10-20wt%.
The silage raw materials comprise silage whole-plant corn, silage sorghum, silage hybrid pennisetum, silage switchgrass and the like.
The invention has the characteristics and the technical advantages that:
1) The hydrothermal depolymerization disclosed by the invention is based on organic micromolecule acid, water, choline chloride and other silage raw materials and inherent substances in feed, and the process is green and safe;
2) According to the hydrothermal depolymerization, macromolecular polysaccharides such as hemicellulose, starch and the like in the raw materials are depolymerized into functional oligosaccharides, so that the hydrothermal depolymerization is beneficial to animal health;
3) According to the hydrothermal depolymerization, the lignin in the raw materials is partially removed, and the raw materials become loose and porous, so that the digestion of animals is facilitated, and the palatability is better;
4) The hydrothermal depolymerization of the invention has simple and cheap process, can be used for large-scale industrial production and can also be operated in small-scale scattered households;
in a word, the invention depolymerizes hemicellulose, starch and the like in the raw materials into oligosaccharide under hydrothermal conditions by virtue of organic micromolecular acid contained in the ensiling raw materials, simultaneously removes part of lignin and retains cellulose, so that the raw materials become loose and porous, are directly used as feed to feed livestock, are beneficial to animal health, are beneficial to animal digestion, have better palatability, do not need subsequent treatment such as detoxification and the like, increase the content of functional oligosaccharide and the digestibility of the raw materials, and obviously improve the gas production efficiency of the raw materials if being used as a biogas fermentation substrate, and have simple, green, safe and cheap processes and are easy to popularize and apply.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
the method comprises the steps of taking silage whole corn as a raw material, taking a reaction medium which is 0.1% choline chloride aqueous solution, enabling the mass concentration of a substrate to be 10%, reacting for 60min at 100 ℃, increasing the total sugar content to 100 g/kg from 1 g/kg of the raw material after depolymerization, wherein the content of polyglucose is increased to 95 g/kg from 0.5 g/kg of the raw material, generating no sugar degradation products such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the like, and the lignin removal rate is 10%. The depolymerized material can be directly used as pig feed, and has good palatability and easy digestion.
Example 2:
the method comprises the steps of taking ensiled sweet sorghum as a raw material, taking a reaction medium which is 0.2% choline chloride aqueous solution to enable the mass concentration of a substrate to be 15%, reacting for 30min at 130 ℃, depolymerizing the total sugar content of the depolymerized sweet sorghum to be increased from 0.6 g/kg of raw material to 50 g/kg of raw material, increasing the content of polyglucose to 30 g/kg of raw material from 0.1 g/kg of raw material, increasing the content of xylooligosaccharide to 18 g/kg of raw material from 0 g/kg of raw material, generating no sugar degradation products such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and enabling the lignin removal rate to be 40%. The depolymerized material can be directly used as goat feed, and has good palatability and easy digestion.
Example 3:
the method comprises the steps of taking ensiling hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides as a raw material, taking a reaction medium which is 0.5% choline chloride aqueous solution to enable the mass concentration of a substrate to be 20%, reacting for 10min at 160 ℃, depolymerizing to enable the total sugar content to be increased from 0.1 g/kg of the raw material to 60 g/kg of the raw material, enabling glucose-oligosaccharide to be increased from 0 g/kg of the raw material to 15 g/kg of the raw material, enabling xylooligosaccharide to be increased from 0 g/kg of the raw material to 40 g/kg of the raw material, enabling the concentration of furfural to be lower than 0.2g/L, avoiding the generation of sugar degradation products such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the like, and enabling the lignin removal rate to be 72%. The depolymerized material can be directly used as a dairy cow feed, and has good palatability and easy digestion.
Example 4:
silage switchgrass is used as a raw material, a reaction medium is a 1.0% choline chloride aqueous solution, the mass concentration of a substrate is 20%, the silage switchgrass reacts for 60min at 160 ℃, the total sugar content after depolymerization is increased from 0.05 g/kg of the raw material to 40 g/kg of the raw material, the glucose-oligosaccharide is increased from 0 g/kg of the raw material to 10 g/kg of the raw material, the xylooligosaccharide is increased from 0 g/kg of the raw material to 30 g/kg of the raw material, the concentration of furfural is lower than 0.4g/L, no sugar degradation products such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural are generated, and the lignin removal rate is 80%. The obtained depolymerized material is used as a biogas fermentation substrate, and is directly inoculated with anaerobic fermentation strains for biogas fermentation to obtain biogas, so that the biogas production efficiency of the raw materials is remarkably improved, and the total biogas production is improved by about 400% compared with untreated raw materials.
The above example proves that the hydrothermal depolymerization method can effectively improve the quality of the silage raw material, remarkably remove lignin components, and increase the content of functional oligosaccharides and the digestibility of the raw material; the relevant reaction process is green and safe, the operation is simple, and the popularization and the application are easy.
Claims (1)
1. A method of aquathermolysis for improving the quality of an ensilaged feedstock, the method comprising the steps of: performing thermal depolymerization reaction on silage raw materials serving as a substrate and choline chloride aqueous solution serving as a reaction medium at 100-160 ℃ for 10-60 min, and cooling a solid-liquid mixture after the reaction to obtain a depolymerized material; the depolymerized material is directly used as feed to feed livestock or used as a biogas fermentation substrate; the ensiling raw materials comprise ensiling whole corn, ensiling sorghum, ensiling hybrid pennisetum or ensiling switchgrass; the mass concentration of choline chloride in the reaction medium is 0.1-1.0wt%, and the mass concentration of the substrate is 10-20wt%.
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| CN102076741A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-05-25 | 希乐克公司 | biomass processing |
| CN103461669A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2013-12-25 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing silage by using dry yellow cornstalks |
| CN105779531A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for pretreating lignocellulose biomasses by using modified high-temperature liquid water |
| WO2018204424A1 (en) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Novel compositions and methods for synthesizing deep eutectic solvents from lignin derived phenolic compounds |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102076741A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-05-25 | 希乐克公司 | biomass processing |
| CN103461669A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2013-12-25 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing silage by using dry yellow cornstalks |
| CN105779531A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for pretreating lignocellulose biomasses by using modified high-temperature liquid water |
| WO2018204424A1 (en) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Novel compositions and methods for synthesizing deep eutectic solvents from lignin derived phenolic compounds |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 基于氯化胆碱低共熔溶剂的木质素提取改性和降解研究;李利芬;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(博士)工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20160115(第1期);第B014-135页 * |
| 木质纤维素水热解聚制备能源化工平台化合物;李宇萍等;《生物产业技术》;20170531(第3期);第82-88页 * |
| 玉米秸秆保质贮存及水热反应处理提高可生化性方法的研究;孙优善;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(博士)农业科技辑》;20120615(第6期);第D044-4页 * |
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