CN109853048B

CN109853048B - Separating device on cotton stalk skin-core separator

Info

Publication number: CN109853048B
Application number: CN201711352888.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 凌受明; 易争志; 郭建祥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-12-15
Filing date: 2017-12-15
Publication date: 2023-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-15
Also published as: CN109853048A

Abstract

A separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator comprises a propelling spring, a feeding plate, a striking wheel and a wall plate for fixing the structure, wherein an extruding device is arranged at the front end of the feeding plate, inner grooves for fixing the propelling spring and the left and right ends of the feeding plate are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the wall plate, the height of a bearing surface of one side of the feeding plate close to the extruding device is lower than that of a jaw horizontal output line of the extruding device, and the height of a working surface of one side close to a beater is flush with the height of the jaw horizontal output line of the extruding device and the central horizontal line of the striking wheel; the hitting wheel is provided with a chute shaft body, and beaters are uniformly distributed in the chute shaft body on the hitting wheel in a detachable connection mode; the beater and the feed plate keep the original distance of the thickness of the cotton stalk bark. The invention can realize better mechanical separation of the cotton stalk skins and the cores, can realize better separation effect on various cotton stalks, has stronger universality and higher stability and reliability, can realize continuous separation of the skins and the cores of the cotton stalks in large batch, and has better application prospect.

Description

Separating device on cotton stalk skin-core separator

Technical Field

The invention relates to a separating device, in particular to a separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator.

Background

The cotton stalk skin can become textile fiber after degumming, and the cotton stalk core is an excellent raw material for pulping and papermaking. Because the peeling difficulty of the cotton stalks is high, a manual peeling mode is mostly adopted, the manual peeling mode has high labor intensity and low labor efficiency, and has no industrial feasibility, and tens of millions of tons of cotton stalks in China can not be comprehensively utilized every year. The automatic bast fiber stripping method and apparatus for the same category of plant fibers cannot be directly applied to this field because cotton bast has its own characteristics, as compared to the same category of bast fiber bast: the toughness and the strength of the cotton stalk bark are lower than those of hemp bast, especially in a dry state, the toughness and the strength of the cotton stalk bark become worse, how to successfully realize the bark-core separation, and ensure that the cotton stalk bast fiber is not damaged in the processing process, the processed cotton stalk bark is kept to be in a continuous belt shape and contains less impurities, and the processed cotton stalk core is in a millimeter-grade crumb shape and almost does not contain pectin, so that the cotton stalk bark becomes a good raw material for pulping and papermaking, and the cotton stalk bark and the method are a difficult problem for technicians in the field.

CN101230491A and CN200996061Y disclose and describe a cotton stalk skin-core separator, which comprises an extrusion device, a vertical striking device, a reverse striking skin-discharging device, a wall plate and a machine base, which are sequentially arranged, wherein the mandrels of each device are arranged in parallel and driven by a transmission mechanism, the extrusion device is an optical compression roller set consisting of more than one pair of optical compression rollers, the vertical striking device consists of a feeding striking plate and a striking wheel, the reverse striking skin-discharging device consists of a reversing wheel and a pair of upper and lower crossed squirrel cage type middle idle wheels, the transmission mechanism is that the upper crossed skin wheel is driven by a motor, the upper crossed skin wheel is driven by a gear, the lower skin wheel and the reversing wheel are driven by the gear, the reversing wheel drives the striking wheel by the gear, the striking wheel drives the lower optical compression roller of the optical compression roller set by the gear, the lower skin roller drives the compression roller by the gear, the mechanical separation of the upper skin core and the processed cotton stalk is in a continuous belt shape, the processed cotton stalk core is in a scrap shape and is a raw material which is a better raw material for papermaking, but the separation part of the cotton stalk is further improved and the whole cotton stalk feeding and the whole cotton stalk is not improved by the extrusion and the whole cotton stalk feeding device when the cotton stalk separation process is further improved by the convex face of the whole machine; in addition, the prior art separating device has low reliability, and after a large amount of cotton stalks are treated, the abrasion and damage degree of the device is low, so that the application of the separating device to large-batch processing is limited, and the structure of the prior feeding striking plate needs to be further improved so as to improve the working stability, reliability and smoothness and reduce the damage to cotton stalk barks.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator, which not only can realize better mechanical separation of cotton stalk skins and cores, but also can realize better separation effect on various cotton stalks, has stronger universality and higher stability and reliability, can ensure that the whole separation process is continuously carried out, can realize continuous separation of large batches of cotton stalk skins and cores, and has better application prospect; meanwhile, the quality of the separated cotton stalk core and the cotton stalk bark can be ensured to be better.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator comprises a propelling spring, a feeding plate, a striking wheel, a left wall plate and a right wall plate, wherein the left wall plate and the right wall plate are used for fixing the propelling spring and the feeding plate; the beater is fixed in the chute shaft body on the beater in a detachable connection mode; the beater and the feeding plate keep the original distance of the thickness of the cotton stalk bark; the rotary shaft of the striking wheel is fixed in one of the wallboards through a bearing, and the striking wheel is driven by a motor through a belt.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the beater is made of a cold-drawn spring steel sheet with the thickness of 3-6mm, and the thickness of the cold-drawn spring steel sheet can be reasonably selected according to the thickness of cotton stalks, so that the beater can meet the strength requirements of bending resistance, torsion resistance and fatigue resistance.

Furthermore, the beater is horizontally or obliquely fixed in the chute shaft body through the wedge block and the screw, the beater can be selectively fixed in the chute shaft body in a horizontally arranged mode when a cold-drawn spring steel sheet with lower thickness is selected, and the beater can be selectively fixed in the chute shaft body in an obliquely arranged mode when a cold-drawn spring steel sheet with higher thickness is selected, so that the beater is in an acute-angle zigzag shape when beating cotton stalks, the broken cotton stalk core fragments are favorably grabbed and knocked off from cotton stalk barks, and the strength of the beater can be effectively increased; the wedge blocks are selected to avoid bending and irregularity caused by welding and are convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the wedge blocks are made of hardened and tempered 45# steel, have high strength and can ensure high installation stability and reliability of the beater.

Furthermore, the beater is arranged on the beating wheel in a staggered mode of two to three working units, the beater is staggered into two to three working units in consideration of huge impact force and high energy consumption caused by instantaneously folding the cotton stalks into 90-degree bent angles, the electric energy consumption can be reduced by times, the service cycle of the beater is greatly prolonged, and the rotating shaft of the beating wheel is fixed in the wall plates at two sides through a bearing.

Furthermore, the working surface of the beater is of a smooth curved surface structure, and only with the structure, the cotton stalk bark can be effectively prevented from being damaged when the cotton stalk bark is vertically beaten.

Furthermore, one surface of the feeding plate, which is close to the striking wheel, is an inclined surface structure which moves clockwise by a small angle along an upper vertical line and a lower vertical line, so that the efficiency of removing impurities in the straw core by vertical striking is fully exerted, the damage to cotton stalk barks is reduced to the maximum extent, the smooth falling of a large number of broken straw cores after being struck is ensured, and the feeding plate entity extends downwards as much as possible due to the high-frequency impact heavy load borne by the feeding plate, so that the impact resistance of the feeding plate is improved.

Furthermore, one surface of the feeding plate, which is close to the lower pressing roller of the extruding device, is an arc concave surface which is completely consistent with the round surface of the lower pressing roller, so that the feeding plate can be ensured to have a certain backward moving space without touching the lower pressing roller.

Furthermore, the feeding plate is formed by processing a material obtained by performing carbonitriding treatment on 20CrMnTi alloy steel, and the cotton stalk has large treatment capacity and high treatment speed, so that the working condition of the feeding plate is severe, and the requirements on the wear resistance, impact resistance and heavy load bearing capacity of the feeding plate are high, so that the feeding plate can be ensured to have high structural reliability and durability by selecting the 20CrMnTi alloy steel with high strength and performing carbonitriding treatment.

Furthermore, the thrust of the propelling spring is 0.5-15 Kg, and the propelling effect is good.

Furthermore, the part of the feeding plate connected with the wall plate is of a cuboid structure, the position and the size of the inner groove ensure that the cuboids on two sides of the feeding plate can freely slide back and forth in the inner groove, the original distance between the feeding plate and a beater when the working surface of the feeding plate moves forwards is limited to be equal to the thickness of cotton stalk skins, and a lower press roll which does not touch an extruding device is used as a standard when the feeding plate moves backwards.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the cotton stalk bark belongs to bast long fibers, and the fibers are bonded and intertwined by pectin, hemicellulose and lignin, so the cotton stalk bark is a flexible material with good toughness; the cotton stalk core belongs to lignified short fiber, almost contains no pectin, and is a brittle and hard material with poor toughness. The cotton stalks are instantly vertically beaten in the skin-core separation process after being squeezed and flattened, and are immediately folded into 90-degree bending, and the fragile and hard cotton stalk cores are instantly broken and are simultaneously beaten down by a beater; although the cotton stalk skin with good toughness is instantaneously bent to be 90 degrees, the cotton stalk skin only generates elastic bending deformation, and the cotton stalk skin can be immediately elastically restored to be a continuous belt shape once the cotton stalk skin leaves a vertical hitting point; the cotton stalk core is broken into a segment of fragments to fall down, while the cotton stalk bark can still keep a continuous belt shape with the same length as the cotton stalk, when the cotton stalk is separated from the last pair of compression roller jaws of the extrusion device, the cotton stalk bark can be knocked down by a beater and received by a reversing wheel below, the obtained cotton stalk bark is basically as long as the original cotton stalk, the theoretical average length of the fragments of the segment cotton stalk core can be realized by properly adjusting the number (density) of the beater distributed on the beating wheel according to the actual use of the cotton stalk core, if the cotton stalk core is used for making paper, in order to facilitate cooking and ensure that the length of paper pulp fibers reaches the standard requirement, the average length of the fragments of the cotton stalk core is about 30 mm; if the cotton stalk core is used for feed processing, the average length of the cotton stalk core fragments can be controlled below 7 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, the structure of the feeding plate is improved, the upper working surface of the feeding plate is designed into an inclined structure with unequal heights in the front and back, flat cotton stalks can be ensured to smoothly enter the vertical striking and separating area through the bearing surface of the feeding plate, the cotton stalks can be ensured to be instantaneously bent to be not less than 90 degrees, and the skin-core separation is facilitated, so that the whole separation process can be continuously and uninterruptedly carried out, the skin-core continuous separation of large batches of cotton stalks can be realized, and the application prospect is better; meanwhile, the quality of the separated cotton stalk cores and cotton stalk barks can be ensured to be better;

2. the beater is detachably connected with the beater wheel, so that the beater made of cold-drawn spring steel sheets with different thicknesses can be reasonably selected according to cotton stalks with different thicknesses, a good separation effect can be realized on various cotton stalks, the universality is high, and the stability and the reliability are high;

3. the beater can be staggered by 2-3 working units, so that the energy consumption can be reduced by times, and the service life can be greatly prolonged;

4. the beater is fastened by the wedge block, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, can randomly determine the length of the beater according to the application of the cotton stalk core, does not need welding, does not deform, and has good roundness.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a propulsion spring; 2. a feed plate; 3. a striking wheel; 4. beating hands; 5. an extrusion device; 6. an inner tank.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.

As shown in figure 1, a separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator comprises a propelling spring 1, a feeding plate 2, a striking wheel 3 and a left wall plate and a right wall plate (not shown in the figure) for fixing the propelling spring 1 and the feeding plate 2, wherein a striking hand 4 is uniformly distributed on the striking wheel, the front end of the feeding plate 2 is provided with an extruding device 5, inner walls at two sides of the wall plate are provided with inner grooves 6, the propelling spring 1 is fixed in the inner grooves 6, the left end and the right end of the feeding plate 2 are also fixed in the inner grooves 6, the height of a bearing surface at one side of the feeding plate 2 close to the extruding device 5 is lower than the height of a jaw horizontal output line of the extruding device 5, and the height of a working surface at one side close to the striking hand 4 is flush with the height of the jaw horizontal output line of the extruding device 5 and the central horizontal line of the striking wheel 3; the hitting wheel 3 is provided with a chute shaft body, and the beater 4 is fixed in the chute shaft body on the hitting wheel in a detachable connection mode; the beater 4 and the feeding plate 2 keep the original distance of the thickness of the cotton stalk skins, and the rotating shaft of the beater wheel 3 is fixed in one of the wall plates through a bearing.

In the embodiment, the beater 4 is made of a cold-drawn spring steel sheet with the thickness of 3mm, if the slender cotton stalks in northwest areas such as Xinjiang are treated and separated, the beater 4 is made of the cold-drawn spring steel sheet with the thickness of 3mm, and the beater 4 is horizontally fixed in the chute shaft body 31 through a wedge and a screw; when the rough cotton stalks in the Yangtze river basin and the yellow river basin are separated through treatment, the cold-drawn spring steel sheet with the thickness of 6mm is selected as the beater 4, at the moment, the beater 4 is fixed in the chute shaft body through the wedge block and the screw at a proper inclination angle, so that the beater 4 is in an acute angle zigzag shape when beating the cotton stalks, broken cotton stalk core fragments are favorably grabbed and knocked off from cotton stalk skins, the strength of the beater 4 is effectively increased, and the wedge block 7 is made of a material which is hardened and tempered 45# steel.

In the embodiment, the beater 4 is arranged on the beater 3 in a staggered mode of two to three working units, and the rotating shaft of the beater 3 is fixed in the wall plates at two sides through a bearing; the working surface of the beater 4 is of a smooth curved surface structure, and the front edge position of the beater 4 should be close to the upper and lower extrusion rollers of the extrusion device 5 as much as possible, so that the separation quality and the stability of separation operation are improved.

In the embodiment, one surface of the feeding plate 2, which is close to the striking wheel 3, is an inclined surface structure which moves clockwise by a small angle along an upper vertical line and a lower vertical line; one surface of the feeding plate 2, which is close to the lower pressure roller of the extrusion device 5, is an arc concave surface completely consistent with the round surface of the lower pressure roller; the feeding plate 2 is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel through carbonitriding treatment.

In this embodiment, the urging force of the urging spring 1 is 0.5 to 15Kg.

In the embodiment, the part of the feeding plate 2 connected with the wall plate is of a cuboid structure, the positions and the sizes of the inner grooves 6 ensure that cuboids on two sides of the feeding plate 2 can freely slide back and forth in the inner grooves 6, the original distance between the working surface of the feeding plate 2 and the beater 4 is limited to be equal to the thickness of cotton stalk skins when the working surface moves forwards, and a lower pressing roller which does not touch the extruding device 5 is used as a standard when the feeding plate 2 moves backwards.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a separator on cotton stalk skin-core separating centrifuge, includes propulsion spring (1), feed plate (2), hitting wheel (3) and is used for fixed propulsion spring (1) and feed plate (2) two wallboards of the left and right sides, hits the equipartition and has beater (4) on the wheel, the front end of feed plate (2) is equipped with extrusion device (5), its characterized in that: the inner walls of two sides of the wallboard are provided with inner grooves (6), the propelling spring (1) is fixed in the inner grooves (6), the left end and the right end of the feeding plate (2) are also fixed in the inner grooves (6), the height of a bearing surface of one side, close to the extrusion device (5), of the feeding plate (2) is lower than that of a jaw horizontal output line of the extrusion device (5), and the height of a working surface of one side, close to the beater (4) is flush with that of the jaw horizontal output line of the extrusion device (5) and a central horizontal line of the beating wheel (3); the hitting wheel (3) is provided with a chute shaft body, and the beater (4) is fixed in the chute shaft body on the hitting wheel in a detachable connection mode; the beater (4) and the feeding plate (2) keep the original distance of the thickness of the cotton stalk bark;

one surface of the feeding plate (2) close to the striking wheel (3) is of an inclined surface structure which clockwise moves by a small angle along an upper vertical line and a lower vertical line;

the feeding plate (2) extends downwards along the vertical line, and the length of the downward extension of the feeding plate (2) is greater than the length from one side of the feeding plate (2) close to the extrusion device (5) to one side of the feeding plate (2) close to the beater (4);

one surface of the feeding plate (2) close to the lower pressure roller of the extrusion device (5) is an arc concave surface completely consistent with the round surface of the lower pressure roller.

2. The separating device on the cotton stalk skin-core separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beater (4) is made of a cold-drawn spring steel sheet with the thickness of 3-6 mm.

3. The separating device on the cotton stalk skin-core separator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the beater (4) is horizontally or obliquely fixed in the chute shaft body through a wedge block and a screw, and the wedge block is made of a material obtained by hardening and tempering 45# steel.

4. The separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beater (4) is arranged on the beating wheel (3) in a mode of staggering two to three working units; and the rotating shaft of the striking wheel (3) is fixed in the wall plates at the two sides through bearings.

5. The separating device on the cotton stalk skin-core separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working surface of the beater (4) is of a smooth curved surface structure.

6. The separating device on the cotton stalk skin-core separator according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the feeding plate (2) is formed by processing a material obtained by carbonitriding 20CrMnTi alloy steel.

7. The separating device on a cotton stalk skin-core separator according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the thrust of the propelling spring (1) is 0.5-15 Kg.

8. The separating device on the cotton stalk skin-core separator according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the feeding plate (2) is of a cuboid structure, the positions and the sizes of the inner grooves (6) are used for ensuring that cuboids on two sides of the feeding plate (2) can freely slide back and forth in the inner grooves (6), the original spacing distance between the feeding plate (2) and the beater (4) is limited to be equal to the thickness of cotton stalk barks when the working surface moves forwards, and the feeding plate (2) moves backwards by taking a lower pressing roller which does not touch the extruding device (5) as a standard.