CN109848239B

CN109848239B - Heavy-duty die preheating and quick replacing system and method of multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press

Info

Publication number: CN109848239B
Application number: CN201811539255.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭玉玺; 张利; 陈海山
Original assignee: Nanjing Develop Advanced Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Develop Advanced Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-17
Filing date: 2018-12-17
Publication date: 2023-07-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-17
Also published as: CN109848239A

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy mould preheating and quick replacing system and method of a multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press, wherein the system comprises a mould automatic clamping device, a mould moving table device, a mould transporting double-U-shaped trolley, a mould preheating furnace bottom device, a mould assembling platform device and a longitudinal track device; the method is characterized in that the die is automatically clamped and loosened in the replacement process, and is automatically conveyed and assembled and disassembled among a hydraulic press, a preheating furnace and a die assembling position. The invention initiates a rapid automatic replacement integrated system from die assembly to preheating, loading and unloading and transportation of integrated heavy dies, realizes automatic and intelligent operation, improves the load rate of equipment, shortens the die assembly, heating and turnover processes and die replacement time, saves manpower, reduces production and operation costs, workshop crane capacity configuration and factory building cost, and is particularly suitable for the simultaneous rapid replacement requirement of vertical and horizontal heavy dies of a large-scale multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press.

Description

Heavy-duty die preheating and quick replacing system and method of multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press

Technical Field

The invention relates to a heavy-duty die preheating and quick replacing system and method of a multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press, and belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming hydraulic presses.

Background

The large die forging hydraulic press or the die of the multi-directional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press is a tool for forming a precise workpiece, and is a process for forming the shape of a metal material and changing the mechanical property of the metal material, and is called as an industrial master. When in operation, the mould is preheated to a certain temperature, and then the heated metal material is put into the mould for die forging or extrusion forming.

The simplest die for die forging is an upper or lower integral die, and the complex die is a combined die or comprises a punch and a push rod. The multidirectional double-acting extrusion die is more complex, and comprises a horizontal extrusion die and a horizontal perforation die in addition to an upper vertical die or a lower vertical die when the dies are vertically clamped; when horizontally clamped, the horizontal extrusion die comprises a vertical extrusion die and a vertical perforation die in addition to the left or right horizontal extrusion die. Therefore, higher demands are placed on the assembly, preheating and replacement operations of the mold.

At present, the die of a large-scale die forging hydraulic press is usually assembled/disassembled by means of a manual operation mode of a lifting appliance, the die is usually preheated after being installed in the machine, and the die is preheated by manually utilizing a flame heating mode, or a steel block heated to red heat is placed between an upper die and a lower die for preheating; some are preheated in a preheating furnace outside the machine, and a traveling crane lifting mode is adopted to lift the die on a movable workbench, so that the die is manually installed; the die is also transported by using a die changing trolley, but preheating and lifting are still carried out by a crane. The assembling, preheating and replacing modes of the dies are relatively backward, the preheating temperature is very uneven, the die replacing, assembling and disassembling labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, the die replacing, assembling and disassembling method cannot adapt to the production rate requirement of a large-scale die forging continuous production line, and the die replacing, assembling and replacing method cannot adapt to the preheating and quick replacing requirements of heavy dies with the weight of more than 100 t. The vertical and horizontal double-acting dies of the large-scale multi-directional double-acting hydraulic extrusion press with small batch and multiple varieties can be replaced at the same time, and the hydraulic extrusion press can be circulated without precedents.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a heavy-duty die preheating and quick replacing system and method of a large-scale forging hydraulic press or a multi-directional double-acting composite extrusion hydraulic press, and provides a heavy-duty die assembling, preheating, loading and unloading and carrying integrated quick replacing system technology which is used for quickly replacing a heavy-duty die of the large-scale forging hydraulic press or the multi-directional double-acting composite extrusion forming hydraulic press. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

the heavy mould preheating and quick replacing system of the multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press comprises a mould automatic clamping device, a mould moving table device, a mould transporting double-U-shaped trolley, a mould preheating furnace bottom device, a mould assembling platform device and a longitudinal track device; the mould moving platform device, the mould preheating furnace bottom device and the mould assembling platform device are sequentially arranged on one side of the longitudinal rail device and are communicated with the longitudinal rail device.

The automatic die clamping device comprises 1-8 sets of automatic clamping devices, wherein the automatic clamping devices are respectively fixed in a backing plate, an upper perforating needle support, a lower perforating needle support, the end parts of left/right horizontal main cylinders and perforating cylinder plungers and the lower cross beam; the automatic die clamping device (1) is respectively wedge type, V-shaped ring type and T-shaped head pull rod type, and is driven by 1 or 2 hydraulic cylinders, when the die is positioned at the center of the hydraulic press, the corresponding die is clamped or loosened under the condition of meeting a given condition.

The die moving platform device comprises a moving platen, an oil motor driving device, a stroke control device, a moving platform lifting device, a positioning device and a clamping device, so that the die transversely moves between the hydraulic press and the die transporting double-U-shaped trolley, and can be automatically positioned in the center of the hydraulic press and automatically clamped in the center of the hydraulic press.

The double U-shaped trolley for transporting the die comprises 2U-shaped trolleys connected by a hinge pin device, a traveling system and each U-shaped trolley is provided with a lifting device, a hydraulic control device, an electric control device, a power supply device and a positioning device, so that the die is longitudinally and rapidly transported, automatically positioned and automatically assembled and disassembled among a hydraulic press, a preheating furnace and a die assembling position.

The die preheating furnace bottom device comprises furnace bottom devices of 1-4 resistance preheating furnaces, a motor gear driving device, a stroke control device and a positioning device, so that the die transversely moves between the preheating furnaces and the double U-shaped trolley and can be automatically positioned in the centers of the preheating furnaces and the double U-shaped trolley.

The die assembly platform device comprises 1-2 assembly platforms, a motor gear driving device, a stroke control device and a positioning device, so that the die can transversely move between a die assembly position and the double U-shaped trolley and can be automatically positioned at the center of the die assembly position and the double U-shaped trolley.

The longitudinal track device is used for communicating transverse tracks of the in-out hydraulic press, the 1-4 preheating furnaces and the 1-2 die assembly stations together, so that the double-U-shaped trolley can rapidly move and accurately position between the stations, and the movable bedplate, the furnace bottom and the platform can be accurately butted with the double-U-shaped trolley.

Further clarify the structure and the mounted position of mould automatic clamping device, mould automatic clamping device includes 8 sets of automatic clamping devices, does in proper order:

the two sides of the upper extrusion die after positioning can be fixed and clamped when the wedge blocks extend out, and the upper extrusion die can be automatically separated from the base plate when the wedge blocks retract;

the 6-set V-shaped ring type automatic clamping device is arranged at the end parts of an upper perforating needle support, a lower perforating needle support, a left/right horizontal main cylinder and a perforating cylinder plunger, is driven by 2 double-piston type hydraulic cylinders respectively and is used for fixing and clamping an upper perforating needle, a lower perforating needle, a left/right horizontal extrusion die and the perforating needle, the 6-set V-shaped ring type automatic clamping device is designed into two V-shaped semi-rings with corresponding diameters according to the V-shaped clamping outer diameter of the die, any one end of each V-shaped semi-ring is hinged with a piston rod of one double-piston type cylinder, the double-piston type hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the ring diameter of each perforating needle support or the perforating cylinder plunger, the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are enlarged through the reverse movement of the two pistons, namely, the die is loosened, otherwise, the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are reduced through the reverse movement of the two pistons, namely the die is clamped, and the installation positioning of all the dies is matched and positioned through a conical convex spigot with the corresponding diameter of the corresponding perforating needle support or the conical concave spigot with the end part with the corresponding diameter of the perforating cylinder plunger;

The automatic clamping device of the 1 set of 4T-shaped head pull rods is arranged in the lower cross beam, and the 4 automatic clamping devices of the T-shaped head pull rods are respectively driven by a piston type hydraulic cylinder and are used for fixing and clamping a lower extrusion die, a movable platen and a lower backing plate; the 4 automatic clamping devices for the T-shaped head pull rods are respectively driven by a piston type rack hydraulic cylinder to rotate by a gear shaft coaxial with the T-shaped head pull rods, so that the T-shaped head pull rods are retracted into the lower backing plate after rotating by 90 degrees, and the lower extrusion die and the movable platen can conveniently enter and exit the hydraulic press when the die is replaced.

Further illustrated is a die-moving table apparatus for mounting a lower die and capable of withstanding the operating load of a hydraulic press while simultaneously being capable of transporting a complete set of dies from a dual U-shaped trolley to the center of the hydraulic press and also capable of being transported from the hydraulic press to the dual U-shaped trolley.

The mould moving platform device comprises a moving platform plate, double-rim guiding heavy-load driven wheels are arranged below the moving platform plate and run on 2 transverse tracks fixed on a lower beam backing plate of the hydraulic machine, 2 racks are arranged below the moving platform plate and close to two side edges, and the mould moving platform device is driven by an oil motor-gear device with 2 speed-adjustable gear reduction boxes fixed on a frame of the hydraulic machine.

The extension of the outer rail which is in butt joint with the 2 transverse rails is orthogonal to the longitudinal rail of the double U-shaped trolley, so that the movable platen can transversely move between the hydraulic machine and the double U-shaped trolley and load and unload the die.

The transverse track is arranged at the position corresponding to 4 groups of 8 wheels in the lower beam backing plate, and is provided with 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinder lifting and guiding devices so as to adapt to the lifting of the movable bedplate and meet the separation and fitting requirements of the movable bedplate and the lower beam backing plate.

The transverse key groove is arranged below the transverse center of the movable platen and matched with keys arranged on the lower beam backing plate to realize the longitudinal positioning of the movable platen, and 2 longitudinal key grooves are also arranged below the movable platen and matched with keys arranged on the lower backing plate and driven by 4 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders to realize the transverse positioning of the movable platen.

The top of the movable platen is provided with a mold positioning key, and the mold is positioned on the movable platen through the positioning key and a key groove below the mold backing plate.

The movable platen is automatically clamped by 4T-shaped head pull rod automatic clamping devices together with the die backing plate in the center of the hydraulic press, and is fixed with the lower beam backing plate through 4 clamping device through holes.

An encoder is coaxially arranged with the oil motor-gear device and used for controlling the stroke of the movable platen, the encoder can be automatically positioned at the center of the hydraulic press and the double U-shaped trolley, meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front/rear end of the movable platen, and a safety overflow valve and a pressure sensor are arranged in the hydraulic system.

The front end and/or the rear end of the movable platen are/is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

Further elucidating the mould transportation double U-shaped dolly, mould transportation double U-shaped dolly is 2U type welded frame construction's rail heavy load dolly, and it has two parking stalls, connects it into a whole through hinge pin device.

Each mould transportation double U-shaped trolley is provided with a double-rim guiding heavy-load driving wheel and a heavy-load driven wheel, each is connected to a gear box through a corresponding synchronous shaft, and a motor-gear transmission device controlled by frequency conversion is adopted for direct wheel driving and self-propelling operation.

Each die transportation double-U-shaped trolley is provided with 1 set of hydraulic power device, and comprises a compact high-pressure pump, an oil tank, a valve, a flow dividing device, a filter, a pipeline, a hose, a threaded connector and an air filter, 4 sets of die lifting short-stroke hydraulic cylinders on each die transportation double-U-shaped trolley synchronously move through the flow dividing device and are used for die centering, lifting and maintaining, and when the short-stroke hydraulic cylinders are at the lowest position, a platform, a furnace bottom and a movable platen of a die assembly platform device can freely enter and exit any parking space of the die transportation double-U-shaped trolley no matter carrying the die or no-load; when the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is at the highest position, the die can be jacked up, so that the platform, the furnace bottom and the movable bedplate of the die assembly platform device can be conveniently retreated out of the corresponding parking spaces; when the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is propped against the die to return from the highest position to the lowest position, the die can be dismounted onto a platform, a furnace bottom or a movable platen of the die assembly platform device; the double U-shaped trolley can longitudinally and freely run no matter the die is unloaded or carried, or the die is lifted to the lowest position or the highest position of the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder.

And 1 set of vertical taper pin positioning device is arranged in each die transportation double U-shaped trolley, the taper pins are driven by a short-stroke hydraulic cylinder to extend downwards and are inserted into positioning hole plates which are fixed on the track foundation frame and matched with the taper pins, and the positioning hole plates are used for positioning in front of the hydraulic press, the preheating furnace and the die assembly positions.

The die transportation double-U-shaped trolley is provided with a power supply device, and comprises a power switch cabinet, an overhead cable drag chain device and an electric control device, wherein the electric control device is arranged in a control cabinet of the die transportation double-U-shaped trolley, and can be operated through an operation desk of a forging operation room and a vehicle-mounted controller.

An encoder is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the travel of the double U-shaped trolley for die transportation, and the double U-shaped trolley can be automatically positioned in front of the hydraulic press, the preheating furnace and the die assembly position.

And a limited-range protection device and a self-rotating track surface cleaning device are also arranged at two ends of the moving direction of the double U-shaped trolley for die transportation.

Further elucidating a die preheating hearth device, the hearth of the die preheating hearth device is of a rigid welded frame movable structure and is provided with a die longitudinal and transverse positioning key and a bolster, the positioning key is inserted into a key slot of a die backing plate, so that the die is positioned on the furnace bottom, a refractory fiber block is paved on the upper surface of the furnace bottom, and a mechanical labyrinth type and ceramic adhesive fiber strip-shaped seal is adopted between the furnace bottom and the furnace body.

The chassis of the furnace bottom is provided with a plurality of double-rim guiding heavy-load driven wheels which run on 2 transverse rails fixed on the ground, the transverse rails extend out of the preheating furnace and are orthogonal to the longitudinal rails, 2 racks are arranged below the furnace bottom and close to the two side edges, and the furnace bottom is directly driven by 2 variable-frequency controlled motor-gear transmission devices fixed on the ground, so that the furnace bottom can transversely move between the preheating furnace and the double-U-shaped die transportation trolley and the die loading/unloading operation is carried out.

An encoder is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the travel of the furnace bottom, the encoder can be automatically positioned at the center of the preheating furnace and the double U-shaped trolley, and meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front end and/or the rear end of the furnace bottom.

The front end and/or the rear end of the furnace bottom are/is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

The furnace bottom is operated by an electric control device arranged beside the furnace, and the electric control device is connected with a power supply device.

Further illustrated is a mold assembly platform assembly that is a rigid welded frame movable structure having mold longitudinal and transverse positioning keys and a platform on which a mold is positioned by the mold longitudinal and transverse positioning keys and keyways of the mold backing plate.

The lower part of the die assembly platform is provided with a double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheel, the double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheel runs on 2 transverse rails fixed on the ground, the transverse rails extend from the platform to be orthogonal with the longitudinal rails of the double-U-shaped trolley, 2 racks are arranged below the platform, and the double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheel is directly driven by a motor-gear transmission device controlled by 2 frequency conversion fixed on the ground, so that the platform can transversely move and perform die loading and unloading operations between the die assembly position and the double-U-shaped trolley.

An encoder is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the travel of the platform, the encoder can be automatically positioned at the center of the die assembly position and the double U-shaped trolley, and meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front end and/or the rear end of the platform.

The front end and/or the rear end of the die assembly platform are/is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

The die assembly platform is operated by 1 set of electric control device arranged beside the platform, and the electric control device is connected with a power supply device.

Further described is a longitudinal rail assembly for a double U-shaped trolley comprising a rail foundation frame, rails, rail clamps, washers and bolts, rail end elastic buffers, and a locating orifice plate secured to the rail foundation frame that mates with two tapered pins on the double U-shaped trolley, the longitudinal rails being orthogonal to and communicating with the transverse rails of the hydraulic press, preheating furnace and mold assembly site for longitudinal transport before and after mold change.

The heavy die preheating and quick replacing method of the multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press comprises the following steps:

step 1: the method comprises the steps that a trolley on one side, close to a die assembly platform device, of a double U-shaped trolley is named as a 1# parking space, a trolley on one side, close to a die moving platform device, of the double U-shaped trolley is named as a 2# parking space, in a die assembly position, a die is assembled on a platform manually, the platform is driven by a motor gear device, the platform moves to the center of the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley which is positioned in front of the die assembly platform and is positioned automatically, a die on the platform is jacked up by a 1# parking space jacking device, and then the platform is driven by the motor gear device to return to the die assembly position;

step 2: the double U-shaped trolley 1# parking spaces carrying the molds are driven by a travelling system to run to any preheating furnace for automatic positioning, the furnace bottom of the preheating furnace is driven by a motor gear device to run to the lower part of the center mold of the double U-shaped trolley 1# parking spaces and automatically positioned, the 1# parking space jacking device drops the molds to the furnace bottom, then the furnace bottom carries the molds and is driven by the motor gear device to return to the preheating furnace for automatic positioning, and the furnace door is closed to start preheating the molds;

step 3: after the die is preheated to a set temperature in the preheating furnace, the furnace bottom carries the die and is driven by a motor gear device, the die runs to the center of a 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley positioned in front of the preheating furnace and is automatically positioned, the die is jacked up by a 1# parking space jacking device, and then the furnace bottom is driven by the motor gear device to return to the preheating furnace;

Step 4: the preheated mould is carried on the No. 1 parking space of the double U-shaped trolley, and the No. 2 parking space is automatically positioned before running to the hydraulic machine under the driving of a running system;

step 5: the method comprises the steps that a vertical or horizontal die to be replaced by a hydraulic machine is located at a set position, an automatic clamping device of the die is used for respectively loosening the die, a movable table plate is loosened by a movable table clamping device, the movable table plate is automatically lifted, the movable table plate is driven by an oil motor to move to the center of a 2# parking space of a double U-shaped trolley and is automatically positioned, the replaced die is jacked by a 2# parking space jacking device, and then the movable table plate is returned to the center of the hydraulic machine under the driving of the oil motor;

step 6: the 2# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley carries the replaced die, the 1# parking space carrying the preheated die is driven by a travelling system to run in front of a hydraulic machine and automatically positioned, a moving platen is driven by an oil motor to run below the 1# parking space center die of the double U-shaped trolley and automatically positioned, the preheated die is dropped onto the moving platen by a 1# parking space jacking device, and then the moving platen carries the preheated die and returns to the center of the hydraulic machine under the driving of the oil motor;

step 7: the double U-shaped trolley 2# parking spaces carrying the replaced dies are driven by a travelling system to run in front of any preheating furnace, the bottom of the preheating furnace is required to transport the dies back into the furnace for heat preservation, and the base is required to transport the dies back to the assembly position for disassembly before the dies are used next time or run to the die assembly position;

Step 8: the moving platen carries the preheated die at the center of the hydraulic press, and after being positioned by keys, the die is fixed and clamped on the lower backing plate by a clamping device in the lower cross beam, and then the automatic clamping devices of the corresponding mechanisms respectively clamp the respective die according to programs, so that the die is installed and quickly replaced.

Further elucidating the specific process of loading or unloading the mold for the double U-shaped cart prior to mold assembly is:

when the 1# parking stall of two U-shaped dollies vertically moves to before the mould equipment position, the vertical taper pin of 1# parking stall in the two U-shaped dollies stretches out and inserts in the track foundation frame locating hole board, make 1# parking stall location, contactless limit switch signal, the platform of assembled mould is driven by electric gear motor and sprocket, get into 1# parking stall center, the encoder signal, the horizontal taper pin of 1# parking stall stretches out and inserts in the locating pin hole of platform, make the platform location, limit switch signal, the mould jack-up short stroke pneumatic cylinder of 1# parking stall jack-up mould on the platform, limit switch signal, the platform is opened 1# parking stall, return to the mould equipment position and stop and send, then, 1# parking stall vertical taper pin pulls out in the track foundation frame locating hole board, the vertical run of mould to the preheating furnace front location, wait for the stove bottom of preheating furnace uninstallation mould, the 1# parking stall of two U-shaped dollies on the mould.

When the 2# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley moves to the front of the die assembly position after carrying the die replaced by the hydraulic press, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, so that the 2# parking space is positioned, the non-contact limit switch sends out a signal, the assembly platform is driven by the electric gear motor and the chain wheel, enters the lower part of the 2# parking space center die, the encoder sends out a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning pin hole of the platform, so that the platform is positioned, the limit switch sends out a signal, the die of the 2# parking space is lifted up and falls down by the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder, the die is unloaded onto the platform, the limit switch sends out a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin is pulled out from the positioning pin hole plate of the track foundation frame, the platform starts the 2# parking space, returns to the die assembly position to stop and sends out a signal, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin is pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, the 1# parking space longitudinally moves to the front of the preheating furnace, and positions, and waits for the furnace bottom loading die of the preheating furnace.

The specific process for loading or unloading the die for the double U-shaped trolley before the hydraulic press is further explained as follows:

when the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley moves towards the hydraulic machine with the preheated mold loaded from the preheating furnace, the 2# parking space is stopped before the hydraulic machine, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the track foundation frame positioning hole plate to position the 2# parking space, no-contact limit opening Guan Fa signals are generated, the clamping devices of all the molds in the hydraulic machine are loosened, the movable bedplate carries the mold detached from the hydraulic machine and is driven by the oil motor-gear device to enter the center of the 2# parking space, the encoder transmits signals, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate to position the movable bedplate, the limit switch transmits signals, the mold of the 2# parking space lifts up the mold on the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder, the limit switch transmits signals, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin pulls out of the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, the limit opening Guan Fa is moved to open the 2# parking space, returns to the hydraulic machine to stop and transmits signals.

Then, the vertical taper pin is pulled out from the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley runs and stops before the hydraulic press, the vertical taper pin of the 1# parking space is extended and inserted into the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, the 1# parking space is positioned, the non-contact limit switch transmits a signal, the movable bedplate is driven by an oil motor-gear device to enter the lower part of a die at the center of the 1# parking space, the encoder transmits a signal, the 1# parking space horizontal taper pin is extended and inserted into a positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, the movable bedplate is positioned, the limit opening Guan Fa signal, the die of the 1# parking space lifts a short-stroke hydraulic cylinder to drop the die onto the movable bedplate, the limit opening Guan Fa signal, the 1# parking space horizontal taper pin is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, the limit opening Guan Fa signal, the 2# parking space is opened, and the movable bedplate returns to the hydraulic press to stop and transmits a signal.

And then, the vertical taper pins of the No. 1 parking spaces are pulled out from the positioning hole plates of the track foundation frame, the double U-shaped trolley No. 2 parking spaces carry the replaced die to longitudinally run, or are positioned in front of a preheating furnace, the die is unloaded into the preheating furnace, or are positioned in front of the die assembling position, and the die is unloaded onto an assembling platform.

After the movable platen carries the die and returns to the hydraulic press to stop and send a signal, 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders in a lower backing plate of the hydraulic press descend, wheels of the movable platen descend along with the movable platen to enable the movable platen to be attached to the lower backing plate, meanwhile, a transverse key groove below the transverse center of the movable platen is matched with a key on the lower backing plate to achieve longitudinal positioning of the movable platen, a longitudinal key groove below the movable platen is matched with a key on the lower backing plate driven by 2 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders to achieve transverse positioning of the movable platen, and then the die backing plate and the movable platen are automatically clamped together by 4T-shaped hydraulic clamping devices.

After that, each master cylinder is stroked to a set position to be contacted with the corresponding mold, the corresponding mold is clamped by the corresponding automatic mold clamping device, and then each master cylinder is stroked, so that the quick replacement of the new and old molds is completed.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the die replacing device and method are different from the die replacing device and method of any existing large-scale forging hydraulic press, are initiated on the large-scale forging hydraulic press and the multi-directional double-acting composite extrusion hydraulic press, and have remarkable novelty, innovation and practicability.

According to the structural characteristics of the die for the multidirectional double-acting composite extrusion and die forging process, the invention initiates a heavy die rapid automatic replacement system from die assembly to preheating, loading and unloading and carrying integration, and the die assembly, the preheating, the loading and unloading, the transportation and the replacement are designed as an integrated system, so that compared with the traditional design, the die assembly, the loading and unloading and the carrying integrated system has a plurality of beneficial effects:

(1) The automatic and intelligent operation can be realized, the automation level and the load rate of the equipment are improved, the die replacement time is greatly shortened, the die replacement can be completed within 10 minutes, the manpower is saved, and the labor intensity of manual replacement is reduced;

(2) The method can improve the uniformity of the preheating temperature of the die, reduce the temperature drop of the die, be favorable for prolonging the service life of the die and reduce the production and operation costs, is suitable for large-scale continuous production of large-scale die forging hydraulic presses, and especially meets the requirement of simultaneous quick replacement of 2-8 sets of heavy dies with the weights of 120t, namely, vertical and horizontal heavy double-acting composite extrusion hydraulic presses of small batches and multiple varieties;

(3) The layout is more compact and reasonable, the flow of die assembly, heating and turnover is shortened, the occupied area of production line equipment is reduced, the workshop operation area is fully utilized, the capacity configuration of a workshop crane is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of a factory building is reduced;

(4) Is beneficial to improving the performance and quality of products, reducing the energy consumption, reducing the cost, reducing the maintenance cost and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general arrangement of the present invention, reference numeral list:

1-automatic mold clamping device, 2-mold moving platform device, 3-mold transporting double U-shaped trolley,

4-a die preheating furnace bottom device, 5-a die assembling platform, 6-a longitudinal rail device of a double U-shaped trolley,

7-a hydraulic press, 8-a mould preheating furnace (4 tables), and 9-a mould assembling platform;

figure 2 is a schematic view of the automatic mold clamping apparatus of the present invention,

wherein: figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of a wedge-type automatic clamping device,

figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of a V-ring type automatic clamping device,

figure 2 (c) is a cross-sectional view A-A of figure 2 (b),

FIG. 2 (d) is a schematic diagram of an automatic clamping device for a T-shaped head pull rod,

figure 2 (e) is a cross-sectional view in the B-B direction of figure 2 (d),

list of reference numerals:

111-wedge type automatic clamping device piston type hydraulic cylinder, 112-wedge type,

121-V-shaped ring type automatic clamping device double-piston hydraulic cylinder, 122-piston rod is hinged,

123-V-shaped semi-ring, 124-extrusion die and perforating needle, 125-main cylinder and perforating cylinder plunger

131-T-shaped head pull rod automatic clamping device pull rod, 132-piston type hydraulic cylinder,

133-a piston type rack hydraulic cylinder, 134-a gear shaft;

figure 3 is a schematic view of a die-moving table apparatus of the present invention,

wherein: figure 3 (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the die moving table apparatus,

figure 3 (b) is a top view of the mold-moving stage apparatus,

list of reference numerals:

211-moving platen, 212-wheels, 213-racks/gears, 214-tracks, 215-lower beam pads,

216-oil motor-gear means, 217-moving platen lifting and guiding means,

218 moving platen longitudinal positioning keys, 219 moving platen transverse positioning keys, 220 mold positioning keys,

221-stroke control encoder means, 222-clamping means through-hole;

figure 4 is a schematic view of a dual U-shaped trolley for transporting moulds according to the invention,

wherein: figure 4 (a) is a horizontal view of a mold transporting double U-shaped cart,

figure 4 (b) is a top view of a mold transporting double U-shaped cart,

List of reference numerals:

311-1#U type parking space, 312-2 # U type parking space, 313-hinging device, 314-gear box,

315-a variable frequency motor-a gear transmission device, 316-a hydraulic power device, 317-a die jacking hydraulic cylinder,

318-taper pin positioning device, 319-power supply device, 320-onboard controller,

321-a stroke control encoder device;

figure 5 is a schematic view of a die preheater bottom assembly of the present invention,

wherein: figure 5 (a) is a horizontal view of the mold preheat hearth apparatus,

FIG. 5 (b) is a top view of the mold-preheating hearth apparatus,

list of reference numerals:

411 to the bottom of the furnace, 412 to the positioning key, 413 to the bolster, 414 to the refractory fiber block, 415 to the furnace body,

416-band seals, 417-wheels, 418-tracks, 419-racks, 420-motor-gear drives,

421-stroke control encoder means;

figure 6 is a schematic view of a mold assembly platform of the present invention,

wherein: figure 6 (a) is a horizontal view of the mold assembly platform,

figure 6 (b) is a top view of the mold assembly platform,

list of reference numerals:

416-band seals, 417-wheels, 418-tracks, 419-racks, 420-motor-gear drives,

421-stroke control encoder device.

Description of the embodiments

The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the technical means, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features. The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the following detailed description is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention comprises an automatic mold clamping device 1, a mold moving table device 2, a mold transporting double-U-shaped trolley 3, a mold preheating furnace bottom device 4, a mold assembling platform device 5 and a longitudinal rail device 6.

1) As can be seen in connection with fig. 2, the automatic clamping device for the mold

The automatic mold clamping device comprises 8 sets of automatic clamping devices:

the two sides of the upper extrusion die after positioning can be fixed and clamped when the wedge blocks 112 extend out, and the upper extrusion die can be automatically separated from the backing plate when the wedge blocks retract.

The 6 sets of V-ring type automatic clamping devices mounted at the ends of the upper and lower perforating needle holders, the left/right horizontal master cylinder and the perforating cylinder plunger 125 are driven by 2 double-piston hydraulic cylinders 121, respectively for fixing and clamping the upper and lower perforating needles, the left/right horizontal extrusion dies and the perforating needles 124. The 6-set V-shaped ring type automatic clamping device is designed into two V-shaped semi-rings 123 with different diameters according to the V-shaped clamping outer diameter of the die; one end of each of the two semi-rings is hinged 122 with a piston rod of a double-piston cylinder, and the double-piston cylinder is fixed on the ring diameter of each perforating needle support or cylinder plunger; the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are enlarged through the reverse movement of the two pistons, namely, the die is loosened, and otherwise, the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are reduced through the reverse movement of the two pistons, namely, the die is clamped. All dies are mounted in position by a tapered male spigot of appropriate diameter which mates with a tapered female spigot of appropriate diameter of the corresponding piercing pin holder or cylinder plunger end.

The 1 set of 4T-shaped head pull rod automatic clamping devices 131 are arranged in the lower cross beam and are driven by a piston type hydraulic cylinder 132 respectively for fixing and clamping the lower extrusion die and the movable table together with the lower backing plate; each of which is driven by a piston rack hydraulic cylinder 133 to rotate a gear shaft 134 coaxial with the T-head pull rod, so that the T-head pull rod is retracted into the lower backing plate after rotating by 90 degrees, and the lower extrusion die and the movable table can conveniently enter and exit the hydraulic machine when the die is replaced.

2) As can be seen in conjunction with fig. 3, the mold-moving stage apparatus

The die moving table device is used for installing the lower die and can bear the working load of the hydraulic press. Meanwhile, the whole set of die can be transferred from the U-shaped double-trolley to the center of the hydraulic machine, and also can be transferred from the hydraulic machine to the U-shaped double-trolley.

The moving platen 211 is provided with 4 groups of 8 double-rim guiding heavy-duty driven wheels 212 with the diameters of 250-360mm and runs on 2 transverse rails 214 fixed on a lower beam backing plate 215 of the hydraulic machine; under the moving platen are mounted 2 racks 213 driven by 2 speed-adjustable oil motor-gear units 216 with gear reduction boxes fixed to the hydraulic machine frame.

The extension of the outer rail which is in butt joint with the 2 transverse rails is orthogonal to the longitudinal rail of the double U-shaped trolley, so that the movable platform can transversely move between the hydraulic machine and the double U-shaped trolley and load and unload the die.

The transverse track is provided with 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinder lifting and guiding devices 217 at the positions corresponding to 4 groups of 8 wheels in the lower beam backing plate so as to adapt to the lifting of the mobile platform and meet the separation and fitting of the mobile platform plate and the lower beam backing plate.

The horizontal key groove is arranged below the horizontal center of the mobile station and is matched with a key 219 arranged on a lower beam backing plate to realize the longitudinal positioning of the mobile platen, and 2 longitudinal key grooves are also arranged below the mobile station and are matched with keys 218 arranged on the lower backing plate and driven by 4 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders to realize the horizontal positioning of the mobile station.

The top of the mobile station is provided with a mold positioning key 220, and the mold is positioned on the mobile station through the positioning key and a key groove below the mold backing plate.

The mobile station is automatically clamped by 4T-shaped hydraulic clamping devices together with the die cushion plate in the center of the hydraulic press, and is fixed with the lower beam cushion plate through 4 clamping device through holes 222.

An encoder 221 is mounted coaxially with the oil motor-gear arrangement for travel control of the moving platen, and is automatically positioned in the center of both the hydraulic machine and the double U-shaped cart. Meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front/rear end of the mobile station, and a safety overflow valve and a pressure sensor are arranged in the hydraulic system.

The front/rear end of the mold moving table is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

3) As can be seen in connection with fig. 4, the mold transporting double U-shaped trolley

The double U-shaped trolley for die transportation is a rail heavy-duty trolley with 2U-shaped welding frame structures, wherein the two U-shaped welding frame structures are respectively 1# or 2# parking spaces and each have the maximum bearing capacity of 120t, and the rail heavy-duty trolley is connected into a whole through a hinge pin device.

Each U-shaped trolley is provided with 2 double-rim guiding heavy-duty driving wheels and 2 heavy-duty driven wheels with the diameters of 450-630mm, each of the two double-rim guiding heavy-duty driving wheels and the 2 heavy-duty driven wheels is connected to a gear box through 1 synchronizing shafts, and the motor-gear transmission device controlled by frequency conversion is adopted for direct wheel driving and self-propelling operation.

Each U-shaped trolley is provided with 1 set of hydraulic power device, and comprises a compact high-pressure pump, an oil tank, a valve, a flow dividing device, a filter, a pipeline, a hose, a threaded joint and an air filter. The 4 sets of die lifting short-stroke hydraulic cylinders on each U-shaped trolley synchronously move through the flow dividing device and are used for die centering, lifting and holding. When the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is at the lowest position, the platform, the furnace bottom or the mobile station can freely enter and exit the 1# or 2# parking space no matter carrying the mould or no load; when the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is at the highest position, the die can be jacked up, so that the platform, the furnace bottom or the mobile station can conveniently exit from the 1# or 2# parking spaces; when the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder is propped against the die to return from the highest position to the lowest position, the die can be dismounted onto a platform, a furnace bottom or a moving table; the double U-shaped trolley can longitudinally and freely run no matter the die is unloaded or carried, or the die is lifted to the lowest position or the highest position of the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder.

And 1 set of vertical taper pin positioning device is arranged in each U-shaped trolley, the taper pins are driven by a short-stroke hydraulic cylinder to extend downwards and are inserted into positioning hole plates which are fixed on the track foundation frame and matched with the taper pins, and the positioning device is used for positioning in front of the assembly positions of the hydraulic machine, the preheating furnace and the die.

The double U-shaped trolley is provided with 1 set of power supply device, and comprises 1 power switch cabinet and 1 overhead cable drag chain device; the forging operation device is provided with 1 set of electric control device, is arranged in a control cabinet of the trolley and can be operated through an operation table of the forging operation chamber and a vehicle-mounted controller.

An encoder 321 is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the travel of the double U-shaped trolley, and the double U-shaped trolley can be automatically positioned in front of the assembly positions of the hydraulic machine, the preheating furnace and the die.

The two sides of the double U-shaped trolley are also provided with a distance limiting protection device and a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

4) Referring to FIG. 5, it can be seen that the bottom device of the mold preheater

The furnace bottom 411 of the mold preheating furnace bottom device is of a rigid welding frame movable structure, is provided with a mold longitudinal and transverse positioning key 412 and a backing beam 413, and positions the mold on the furnace bottom through the positioning key and a key groove of the mold backing plate; a refractory fiber block 414 with a certain thickness is paved on the upper part of the furnace bottom; a mechanical labyrinth and ceramic adhesive fibrous tape seal 416 is employed between the hearth 411 and the furnace body 415. The maximum carrying capacity is 120t.

The chassis of the furnace bottom is provided with 16 double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheels 417 with the diameter of 200-250mm, the wheels run on 2 transverse rails 418 fixed on the ground, and the rails 418 extend out of the preheating furnace and are orthogonal to the longitudinal rails of the double-U-shaped trolley; the bottom of the furnace is provided with 2 racks 419, which are directly driven by 2 frequency-conversion controlled motor-gear transmission devices 420 fixed on the ground, so that the furnace bottom can transversely move between the preheating furnace and the double U-shaped trolley and the mold can be charged and discharged for running.

An encoder 421 is coaxially installed with the motor-gear transmission for stroke control of the hearth, and can be automatically positioned at the center of both the preheating furnace and the double-U-shaped trolley. Meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front/rear end of the furnace bottom.

The front/rear end of the furnace bottom is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

The furnace bottom is operated by 1 set of electric control device arranged beside the furnace, and comprises 1 set of power supply device.

5) As can be seen in conjunction with fig. 6, the mold assembly platform

The mold assembly platform 511 is a rigid welded frame movable structure with mold longitudinal and lateral positioning keys 512 and a platform 513 on which the mold is positioned by the positioning keys and keyways of the mold base plate. The maximum carrying capacity is 120t.

The platform is provided with 4 groups of 8 double-rim guide heavy-duty driven wheels 514 with the diameters of 250-360mm, and the wheels run on 2 transverse rails 515 fixed on the ground, and the rails 515 extend from the platform to be orthogonal to the longitudinal rails of the double-U-shaped trolley; 2 racks 516 are arranged below the platform and are directly driven by 2 variable-frequency-controlled motor-gear transmission devices 517 fixed on the ground, so that the platform can transversely move and the mould can be assembled and disassembled between the mould assembling position and the double U-shaped trolley.

An encoder 518 is mounted coaxially with the motor-gear assembly for stroke control of the platform and is automatically positioned in the center of both the mold assembly station and the double U-shaped cart. Meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front/rear end of the platform.

The front/rear end of the platform is provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

The platform is operated by 1 set of electric control device arranged beside the platform, and comprises 1 set of power supply device.

6) Longitudinal rail device of double U-shaped trolley

The longitudinal rail device of the double-U-shaped trolley comprises a rail foundation frame, a rail pressing plate, a gasket, a bolt, a rail end elastic buffer and a positioning hole plate which is fixed on the rail foundation frame and matched with the No. 1 and No. 2 taper pins on the double-U-shaped trolley; the longitudinal rails are orthogonal to and communicate with the transverse rails of the hydraulic press, the preheating furnace and the mold assembly site for longitudinal transport before and after mold replacement.

7) Description of the mould preheating and quick Change procedure

(1) Loading or unloading moulds for double-U-shaped trolleys before the mould assembling position

When the No. 1 parking space of the double U-shaped trolley longitudinally moves to the front of the die assembly position, the No. 1 vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, so that the No. 1 parking space is positioned, and a non-contact limit switch sends a signal; the platform assembled with the die is driven by an electric gear motor and a chain wheel, enters the center of a 1# parking space, an encoder transmits a signal, a No. 1 horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley extends out and is inserted into a positioning pin hole of the platform, so that the platform is positioned, and a limit switch transmits a signal; the mould of the No. 1 parking space is jacked up by the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder to jack up the mould on the platform, and a limit switch sends a signal; the horizontal taper pin in the sample No. 1 is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the platform, the limit switch sends a signal, the platform opens the No. 1 parking space, returns to the die assembly position and stops sending a signal. Then, the vertical taper pin in the No. 1 is pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, and the double U-shaped trolley No. 1 parking space carrying die can longitudinally move to the front of the preheating furnace for positioning, and the die is unloaded at the bottom of the preheating furnace.

When the No. 2 vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame to position the No. 2 parking space and send a signal by the non-contact limit switch; the assembly platform is driven by an electric gear motor and a chain wheel, enters the lower part of a 2# parking space center die, sends a signal by an encoder, and a No. 2 horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley extends out and is inserted into a positioning pin hole of the platform, so that the platform is positioned, and a limit switch sends a signal; the mould of the No. 2 parking space is lifted up and the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder falls down, the mould is unloaded onto the platform, and a limit switch sends a signal; the horizontal taper pin in the No. 2 is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the platform, the limit switch sends a signal, the platform opens the No. 2 parking space, returns to the die assembly position and stops sending a signal. Then, the vertical tapered pin in the No. 2 is pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, and the double U-shaped trolley No. 1 parking space can longitudinally move to the front of the preheating furnace to be positioned, and the bottom of the preheating furnace is waited for loading the die.

(2) Loading or unloading the mould for double U-shaped trolleys before the mould preheating furnace position

The process of loading or unloading the mold in the mold assembly station is basically the same as that of loading or unloading the mold in the double U-shaped trolley in the mold preheating station, except that the former is loaded and unloaded onto the platform before the mold assembly station, and the latter is loaded and unloaded onto the furnace bottom before the preheating station.

(3) Loading or unloading moulds for double-U-shaped trolleys in front of hydraulic press

When the No. 1 parking space of the double U-shaped trolley runs to the hydraulic machine with the preheated die loaded from the preheating furnace, stopping the No. 2 parking space in front of the hydraulic machine, and extending and inserting a No. 2 vertical conical pin in the double U-shaped trolley into a positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame to position the No. 2 parking space and send a signal to a non-contact limit switch; the clamping devices of all the moulds in the hydraulic press are loosened, the movable platform carries the moulds detached from the hydraulic press and is driven by an oil motor-gear device to enter the center of a No. 2 parking space, an encoder sends a signal, a No. 2 horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and is inserted into a positioning pin hole of the movable platform, so that the movable platform is positioned, and a limit switch sends a signal; the mould of the No. 2 parking space is jacked up by the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder to jack up the mould on the mobile station, and a limit switch sends a signal; the horizontal taper pin of the No. 2 is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the mobile station, the position is limited by Guan Fa, the mobile station opens the No. 2 parking space, and the mobile station returns to the hydraulic machine to stop and send out a signal.

Then, the vertical taper pin is pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, so that the No. 1 parking space of the double U-shaped trolley runs and stops in front of the hydraulic press, the No. 1 vertical taper pin stretches out and inserts into the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, the No. 1 parking space is positioned, and a non-contact limit switch sends a signal; the mobile station is driven by an oil motor-gear device, enters the lower part of a die at the center of a No. 1 parking space, and sends a signal by an encoder; the horizontal taper pin of the sample No. 1 is extended out and inserted into the positioning pin hole of the mobile station, so that the mobile station is positioned, and the limit switch sends a signal; the mould of the No. 1 parking space is lifted up, the short-stroke hydraulic cylinder falls down the mould to the movable table, and a limit switch sends out a signal; the horizontal taper pin of the sample No. 1 is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the mobile station, the signal is limited by Guan Fa, the mobile station is opened out of the No. 2 parking space, and the mobile station returns to the hydraulic machine to stop and send the signal.

And then, the vertical taper pins in the No. 1 are pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, the double U-shaped trolley No. 2 parking spaces carry the replaced die to longitudinally run, or are positioned in front of a preheating furnace, the die is unloaded into the preheating furnace, or are positioned in front of the die assembling position, and the die is unloaded onto an assembling platform.

After the movable table returns to the hydraulic press with the die and stops transmitting, 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders in the lower backing plate of the hydraulic press descend, and wheels of the movable table descend along with the descent, so that the movable table is attached to the lower backing plate; meanwhile, a transverse key slot below the transverse center of the mobile station is matched with a key on the lower backing plate, so that the longitudinal positioning of the mobile platen is realized; the longitudinal key slot below the mobile station is matched with keys driven by 2 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders on the lower backing plate to realize the transverse positioning of the mobile station; the die pad is then automatically clamped by 4T-hydraulic clamping devices along with the moving table.

In the mold assembly position, the mold is assembled on a platform manually, and the platform is driven by a motor gear device, runs to the center of a double U-shaped trolley 1# parking space positioned before the mold assembly position and is automatically positioned; the mould on the platform is jacked up by the 1# parking space jacking device, and then the platform is driven by the motor gear device to return to the mould assembling position;

the double U-shaped trolley 1# parking spaces carrying the molds are driven by a travelling system to run to any preheating furnace for automatic positioning; the furnace bottom of the preheating furnace is driven by a motor gear device, runs below a 1# parking space center die of the double U-shaped trolley and is automatically positioned, the 1# parking space jacking device drops the die onto the furnace bottom, then the furnace bottom carries the die and is driven by the motor gear device to return to the preheating furnace for automatic positioning, and the furnace door is closed to start preheating the die;

after the die is preheated to a set temperature in the preheating furnace, the furnace bottom carries the die and is driven by a motor gear device, the die runs to the center of a 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley positioned in front of the preheating furnace and is automatically positioned, the die is jacked up by a 1# parking space jacking device, and then the furnace bottom is driven by the motor gear device to return to the preheating furnace;

The preheated mould is carried on the No. 1 parking space of the double U-shaped trolley, and the No. 2 parking space is automatically positioned before running to the hydraulic machine under the driving of a running system;

the method comprises the steps that a vertical or horizontal die to be replaced by a hydraulic machine is located at a set position, an automatic clamping device of the die is used for respectively loosening the die, a clamping device of a moving table is used for loosening the moving table, the moving table is automatically lifted to a certain height and driven by an oil motor to move to the center of a 2# parking space of a double U-shaped trolley, and is automatically positioned, the replaced die is jacked by a 2# parking space jacking device, and then the moving table is returned to the center of the hydraulic machine under the driving of the oil motor;

the 2# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley carries the replaced die, the 1# parking space carrying the preheated die is driven by a travelling system to run in front of a hydraulic machine and automatically positioned, a mobile station is driven by an oil motor to run below the 1# parking space center die of the double U-shaped trolley and automatically positioned, the preheated die is dropped onto the mobile station by a 1# parking space jacking device, and then the mobile station carries the preheated die and returns to the center of the hydraulic machine under the driving of the oil motor;

the double U-shaped trolley 2# parking spaces carrying the replaced dies are driven by a travelling system to run in front of any preheating furnace, the bottom of the preheating furnace is required to transport the dies back into the furnace for heat preservation, and the base is required to transport the dies back to the assembly position for disassembly before the dies are used next time or run to the die assembly position;

The moving table carries the preheated die at the center of the hydraulic press, and after being positioned by a key, the moving table is fixed and clamped on the lower backing plate by a clamping device in the lower cross beam, and then the automatic clamping devices of the corresponding mechanisms respectively clamp the respective die according to programs, so that the die is installed and quickly replaced.

Examples

The invention is specifically applied to the following, and the invention develops a complete technology of a 120t heavy die assembly, preheating, loading, unloading, carrying and quick replacement system, which is used for quickly replacing a heavy die of a 350MN multi-directional double-acting composite extrusion forming hydraulic machine.

(2) The uniformity of the preheating temperature of the die can be improved, the temperature drop of the die is reduced, and the service life of the die is prolonged; the production running cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for large-batch continuous production of large-scale die forging hydraulic presses, and especially meets the requirement of simultaneous quick replacement of 2-8 sets of heavy dies with the weight of 120t, which are vertical and horizontal, of a small-batch and multi-variety large-scale multi-directional double-acting composite extrusion hydraulic press;

With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. The heavy die preheating and quick replacing system of the multidirectional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press is characterized by comprising a die automatic clamping device (1), a die moving platform device (2), a die transporting double-U-shaped trolley (3), a die preheating furnace bottom device (4), a die assembling platform device (5) and a longitudinal track device (6), wherein the die moving platform device (2), the die preheating furnace bottom device (4) and the die assembling platform device (5) are sequentially arranged on one side of the longitudinal track device (6) and are communicated with the longitudinal track device (6);

the automatic die clamping device (1) comprises 1-8 sets of automatic clamping devices which are respectively fixed in a backing plate, an upper perforating needle support, a lower perforating needle support, the end parts of a left/right horizontal main cylinder and a perforating cylinder plunger and a lower cross beam of the movable cross beam; the automatic die clamping device (1) is respectively wedge type, V-shaped ring type and T-shaped head pull rod type, and is driven by 1 or 2 hydraulic cylinders, when the die is positioned at the center of the hydraulic press, the corresponding die is clamped or loosened under the condition of meeting a given condition;

the die moving table device (2) comprises a moving platen, an oil motor driving device, a stroke control device, a moving platen lifting and guiding device, a positioning device and a clamping device, so that a die transversely moves between a hydraulic press and a die transporting double-U-shaped trolley (3) and can be automatically positioned in the center of the hydraulic press and the die transporting double-U-shaped trolley (3) and automatically clamped in the center of the hydraulic press;

The double-U-shaped trolley (3) for transporting the die comprises 2U-shaped trolleys connected by a hinge pin device, a travelling system and a hydraulic control device, an electric control device, a power supply device and a positioning device, wherein each U-shaped trolley is provided with a lifting device, a hydraulic control device, an electric control device, a power supply device and a positioning device, so that the die is longitudinally and rapidly transported, automatically positioned and automatically assembled and disassembled among a hydraulic press, a preheating furnace and a die assembling position;

the die preheating furnace bottom device (4) comprises furnace bottom devices of 1-4 resistance preheating furnaces, a motor gear driving device, a stroke control device and a positioning device, so that the die transversely moves between the preheating furnaces and the double U-shaped trolleys and can be automatically positioned at the centers of the preheating furnaces and the double U-shaped trolleys;

the die assembly platform device (5) comprises 1-2 assembly platforms, a motor gear driving device, a stroke control device and a positioning device, so that the die transversely moves between a die assembly position and the double U-shaped trolley and can be automatically positioned at the center of the die assembly position and the double U-shaped trolley;

the longitudinal track device (6) is used for communicating the transverse tracks of the hydraulic press, the 1-4 preheating furnaces and the 1-2 die assembly stations together, so that the double-U-shaped trolley can be rapidly moved and accurately positioned between the stations, and the movable bedplate, the furnace bottom and the platform can be accurately butted with the double-U-shaped trolley;

The die moving table device (2) is used for installing a lower die and can bear the working load of a hydraulic machine, and meanwhile, the whole die can be transferred from the double-U-shaped trolley to the center of the hydraulic machine and also can be transferred from the hydraulic machine to the double-U-shaped trolley;

the die moving table device (2) comprises a moving table plate (211), double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheels (212) are arranged below the moving table plate (211), the die moving table plate runs on 2 transverse rails (214) fixed on a lower beam base plate (215) of the hydraulic machine, 2 racks (213) are arranged below the moving table plate (211) close to two side edges, and the die moving table device is driven by 2 speed-adjustable oil motor-gear devices (216) with gear reduction boxes fixed on a frame of the hydraulic machine;

the extension of the outer rail which is in butt joint with the 2 transverse rails is orthogonal to the longitudinal rail of the double U-shaped trolley, so that a movable bedplate (211) can transversely move between the hydraulic machine and the double U-shaped trolley and load and unload a die;

the transverse track (214) is provided with 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinder lifting and guiding devices (217) at the positions corresponding to 4 groups of 8 wheels in the lower beam backing plate so as to adapt to the lifting of the movable platen (211) and meet the separation and the fitting of the movable platen (211) and the lower beam backing plate;

A transverse key groove is arranged below the transverse center of the movable platen (211) and is matched with a key (219) arranged on a lower beam backing plate to realize the longitudinal positioning of the movable platen (211), 2 longitudinal key grooves are also arranged below the movable platen (211), and the transverse key groove is matched with keys (218) which are arranged on the lower backing plate and are driven by 4 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders to realize the transverse positioning of the movable platen;

a die positioning key (220) is arranged at the top of the movable platen (211), and the die is positioned on the movable platen (211) through the positioning key (220) and a key slot under a die backing plate;

the movable platen (211) is arranged in the center of the hydraulic press and is together with the die backing plate, and is automatically clamped by 4T-shaped head pull rod automatic clamping devices (131) and is fixed with the lower beam backing plate through 4 clamping device through holes (222);

an encoder (221) is coaxially arranged with the oil motor-gear device and used for controlling the stroke of the movable platen (211), the encoder can be automatically positioned at the center of the hydraulic press and the double U-shaped trolley, meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front/rear end of the movable platen (211), and a safety overflow valve and a pressure sensor are arranged in a hydraulic system;

the front end and/or the rear end of the movable platen (211) is/are provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device;

The die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) is a rail heavy-load trolley with 2U-shaped welding frame structures, and is provided with two parking spaces which are connected into a whole through a hinge pin device;

each mould transporting double U-shaped trolley (3) is provided with a double-rim guiding heavy-load driving wheel and a heavy-load driven wheel, and is connected to a gear box through corresponding synchronous shafts, and a motor-gear transmission device controlled by frequency conversion is adopted for direct wheel driving and self-propelling operation;

each die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) is provided with 1 set of hydraulic power device, and comprises a compact high-pressure pump, an oil tank, a valve, a flow dividing device, a filter, a pipeline, a hose, a threaded connector and an air filter, 4 sets of die jacking hydraulic cylinders on each die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) synchronously move through the flow dividing device and are used for die centering, jacking and maintaining, and when the die jacking hydraulic cylinders are at the lowest position, a platform, a furnace bottom and a movable bedplate of a die assembly platform device (5) can freely enter and exit any parking space of the die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) no matter carrying the die or no-load; when the die jacking hydraulic cylinder is at the highest position, the die can be jacked up, so that the platform, the furnace bottom and the movable bedplate of the die assembly platform device (5) can be conveniently retreated out of the corresponding parking spaces; when the die lifting hydraulic cylinder is propped against the die to return to the lowest position from the highest position, the die can be dismounted onto a platform, a furnace bottom or a movable platen of the die assembly platform device (5); the double U-shaped trolley can longitudinally and freely run no matter the die is unloaded or carried, or the die jacking hydraulic cylinder is at the lowest position or the highest position;

Each die transportation double U-shaped trolley (3) is internally provided with 1 set of vertical taper pin positioning device, a short-stroke hydraulic cylinder drives a taper pin to extend downwards, and the taper pin is inserted into a positioning hole plate which is fixed on a track foundation frame and matched with the taper pin for positioning in front of a hydraulic press, a preheating furnace and a die assembly position;

the die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) is provided with a power supply device, and comprises a power switch cabinet, an overhead cable drag chain device and an electric control device, wherein the electric control device is arranged in a control cabinet of the die transportation double-U-shaped trolley (3) and can be operated through an operation table of a forging operation room and a vehicle-mounted controller;

an encoder (321) is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the travel of the double U-shaped trolley (3) for transporting the mould, and the double U-shaped trolley can be automatically positioned in front of the hydraulic press, the preheating furnace and the mould assembling position;

the two ends of the moving direction of the double U-shaped trolley (3) for transporting the mould are also provided with a protection device and a self-rotating track surface cleaning device.

2. The heavy duty die preheating and quick changing system of a multi-directional double acting extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein the die automatic clamping device (1) comprises 8 sets of automatic clamping devices, in order:

The two sides of the upper extrusion die after positioning can be fixed and clamped when the wedge blocks (112) extend out, and the upper extrusion die can be separated from the base plate by itself when the wedge blocks (112) retract;

the 6 sets of V-shaped ring type automatic clamping devices are arranged at the end parts of an upper perforating needle support, a lower perforating needle support, a left/right horizontal main cylinder and a perforating cylinder plunger (125), are respectively driven by 2 double-piston type hydraulic cylinders (121) and are respectively used for fixing and clamping an upper perforating needle, a lower perforating needle, a left/right horizontal extrusion die and a perforating needle (124), the 6 sets of V-shaped ring type automatic clamping devices are designed into two V-shaped semi-rings (123) with corresponding diameters according to the V-shaped clamping outer diameters of the dies, any one end of each V-shaped semi-ring (123) is hinged with a piston rod (122) of one double-piston cylinder, the double-piston type hydraulic cylinders (121) are fixed on the ring diameters of each perforating needle support or the perforating cylinder plunger (125), the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are enlarged through the reverse movement of the two pistons, namely, the dies are loosened, the V-shaped diameters of the two semi-rings are reduced through the opposite movement of the two pistons, namely the dies are clamped, and the installation and positioning of all the dies are matched with the corresponding conical stop mouths with the corresponding diameters of the corresponding perforating needle supports or the end parts of the perforating cylinders;

The automatic clamping device (131) of the 1 set of 4T-shaped head pull rods is arranged in the lower cross beam, and the automatic clamping device (131) of the 4T-shaped head pull rods is driven by a piston type hydraulic cylinder (132) respectively and is used for fixing and clamping a lower extrusion die, a movable platen and a lower base plate; the 4 automatic clamping devices (131) of the T-shaped head pull rod are respectively driven by a piston type rack hydraulic cylinder (133) to rotate a gear shaft (134) coaxial with the T-shaped head pull rod, so that the T-shaped head pull rod is retracted into the lower backing plate after rotating by 90 degrees, and the lower extrusion die and the movable platen can conveniently enter and exit the hydraulic press when the die is replaced.

3. The heavy-duty die preheating and quick changing system of a multi-directional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (411) of the die preheating hearth device (4) is a rigid welded frame movable structure, provided with a die longitudinal and transverse positioning key (412) and a bolster (413), the die is positioned on the bottom (411) by inserting the positioning key into a key slot of a die bolster, and refractory fiber blocks (414) are laid on the upper surface of the bottom (411); a mechanical labyrinth type and ceramic adhesive fiber (416) strip seal is adopted between the furnace bottom (411) and the furnace body (415);

A plurality of double-rim guiding heavy-duty driven wheels (417) are arranged on the chassis of the furnace bottom (411), and run on 2 transverse rails (418) fixed on the ground, wherein the transverse rails (418) extend out of the preheating furnace and are orthogonal to the longitudinal rails, 2 racks (419) are arranged below the furnace bottom and close to the two side edges, and are directly driven by 2 variable-frequency controlled motor-gear transmission devices (420) fixed on the ground, so that the furnace bottom transversely moves between the preheating furnace and the double-U-shaped die transportation trolley (3) and the die loading/unloading operation is carried out;

an encoder (421) is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device (420) and is used for controlling the travel of the furnace bottom (411), the centers of the preheating furnace and the double U-shaped trolley can be automatically positioned, and meanwhile, the front end and/or the rear end of the furnace bottom are/is provided with a proximity switch signaling device;

the front end and/or the rear end of the furnace bottom (411) is/are provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device;

the furnace bottom (411) is operated by an electric control device arranged beside the furnace, and the electric control device is connected with a power supply device.

4. Heavy duty die preheating and quick change system of a multi-directional double acting extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that the die assembly platform means (5) is a rigid welded frame movable structure provided with die longitudinal and transverse positioning keys (512) and a platform (513), the die being positioned on the platform (513) by means of the die longitudinal and transverse positioning keys (512) and the keyways of the die pad;

A double-rim guide heavy-load driven wheel (514) is arranged below the die assembly platform (511), and runs on 2 transverse rails (515) fixed on the ground, the transverse rails (515) extend from the platform (513) to be orthogonal to the longitudinal rails of the double-U-shaped trolley, 2 racks (516) are arranged below the platform (513), and the platform (513) is directly driven by a motor-gear transmission device (517) controlled by 2 variable frequencies fixed on the ground, so that the platform (513) can transversely move and perform die loading and unloading operations between the die assembly position and the double-U-shaped trolley;

an encoder (518) is coaxially arranged with the motor-gear transmission device and used for controlling the stroke of the platform (513), the encoder can be automatically positioned at the die assembly position and the center of the double U-shaped trolley, and meanwhile, a proximity switch signaling device is arranged at the front end and/or the rear end of the platform (513);

the front end and/or the rear end of the die assembly platform (511) is/are provided with a self-rotating track surface cleaning device;

the die assembly platform (511) is operated by 1 set of electric control device arranged beside the platform, and the electric control device is connected with a power supply device.

5. The heavy duty die preheating and quick changing system of a multi-directional double acting hydraulic extrusion press according to claim 1 wherein the longitudinal rail means of the double U-shaped trolley comprises a rail foundation frame, rails, rail clamps, washers and bolts, rail end elastic buffers, and a locating orifice plate secured to the rail foundation frame matching the two tapered pins on the double U-shaped trolley, the longitudinal rail being orthogonal to and communicating with the transverse rails of the hydraulic press, preheating furnace and die assembly site for longitudinal transport before and after die change.

6. A method for preheating and quick changing heavy dies of a multi-directional double-acting hydraulic extrusion press based on a heavy die preheating and quick system of a multi-directional double-acting hydraulic extrusion press as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the steps of:

step 1: the method comprises the steps that a trolley on one side, close to a die assembly platform device, of a double U-shaped trolley is named as a 1# parking space, a trolley on one side, close to a die moving platform device, of the double U-shaped trolley is named as a 2# parking space, in a die assembly position, a die is assembled on a platform manually, the platform is driven by a motor gear device, moves to the center of the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley which is positioned in front of the die assembly platform and is positioned automatically, a die on the platform is jacked up by a 1# parking space die jacking hydraulic cylinder, and then the platform is driven by the motor gear device to return to the die assembly position;

step 2: the double U-shaped trolley 1# parking spaces carrying the molds are driven by a travelling system to run to any preheating furnace for automatic positioning, the furnace bottom of the preheating furnace is driven by a motor gear device to run to the lower part of the center mold of the double U-shaped trolley 1# parking spaces and automatically positioned, the 1# parking space mold lifts a hydraulic cylinder to drop the molds to the furnace bottom, then the furnace bottom carries the molds to be driven by the motor gear device to return to the preheating furnace for automatic positioning, and the furnace door is closed to start preheating the molds;

Step 3: after the die is preheated to a set temperature in the preheating furnace, the furnace bottom carries the die and is driven by a motor gear device, the die runs to the center of a 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley positioned in front of the preheating furnace and is automatically positioned, the die is jacked up by a 1# parking space die jacking hydraulic cylinder, and then the furnace bottom is driven by the motor gear device and returns to the preheating furnace;

step 5: the method comprises the steps that a vertical or horizontal die to be replaced by a hydraulic machine is located at a set position, an automatic clamping device of the die is used for respectively loosening the die, a movable table plate is loosened by a movable table clamping device, the movable table plate is automatically lifted, the movable table plate is driven by an oil motor to move to the center of a 2# parking space of a double U-shaped trolley and is automatically positioned, the replaced die is jacked by a 2# parking space die jacking hydraulic cylinder, and then the movable table plate is returned to the center of the hydraulic machine under the driving of the oil motor;

step 6: the 2# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley carries the replaced die, the 1# parking space carrying the preheated die is driven by a travelling system to run in front of a hydraulic press and automatically positioned, a moving platen is driven by an oil motor to run below the 1# parking space center die of the double U-shaped trolley and automatically positioned, the preheated die is dropped onto the moving platen by a 1# parking space die lifting hydraulic cylinder, and then the moving platen carries the preheated die and returns to the center of the hydraulic press under the driving of the oil motor;

7. The method for preheating and quickly replacing heavy duty dies of a multi-directional double-acting hydraulic extrusion press according to claim 6, wherein the specific process of loading or unloading dies for the double U-shaped trolley before the die assembly station is:

when the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley longitudinally moves to the front of the die assembly position, a 1# parking space vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into a positioning hole plate of a track foundation frame to position the 1# parking space, a non-contact limit switch transmits a signal, a platform of the assembled die is driven by an electric gear motor and a chain wheel and enters the center of the 1# parking space, a coder transmits a signal, a horizontal taper pin of the 1# parking space stretches out and inserts into a positioning pin hole of the platform to position the platform, the limit switch transmits a signal, a die of the 1# parking space is jacked up by a hydraulic cylinder, a limit switch transmits a Guan Fa signal, the horizontal taper pin of the 1# parking space is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the platform, the platform opens the 1# parking space, returns to the die assembly position to stop and transmit a signal, then the 1# parking space vertical taper pin is pulled out from the positioning hole plate of the track foundation frame, the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley longitudinally moves to the front of a preheating furnace to position, and waits for the preheating furnace bottom to unload the die;

When the 2# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley moves to the front of the die assembly position after carrying the die replaced by the hydraulic press, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, so that the 2# parking space is positioned, the non-contact limit switch sends out a signal, the assembly platform is driven by the electric gear motor and the chain wheel, enters the lower part of the 2# parking space center die, the encoder sends out a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley stretches out and inserts into the positioning pin hole of the platform, so that the platform is positioned, the limit switch sends out a signal, the die jacking hydraulic cylinder of the 2# parking space falls down, the die is unloaded onto the platform, the limit switch sends out a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the platform, the platform starts the 2# parking space, returns to the die assembly position, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin is pulled out from the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, the 1# vertical taper pin longitudinally moves to the front of the preheating furnace, the preheating furnace is positioned, and the preheating furnace is waited for loading the die.

8. The method for preheating and rapidly replacing heavy dies of a multi-directional double-acting extrusion hydraulic press according to claim 7, characterized in that the specific process of loading or unloading dies for the double U-shaped trolley before the hydraulic press is:

When the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley moves towards the hydraulic machine with the preheated mold loaded from the preheating furnace, the 2# parking space is stopped before the hydraulic machine, the 2# parking space vertical taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley extends out and is inserted into the track foundation frame positioning hole plate to position the 2# parking space, no-contact limit opening Guan Fa is carried out, the clamping devices of all the molds in the hydraulic machine are loosened, the movable bedplate carries the mold detached from the hydraulic machine and is driven by an oil motor-gear device to enter the center of the 2# parking space, an encoder transmits a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin in the double U-shaped trolley extends out and is inserted into the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate to position the movable bedplate, a limit switch transmits a signal, the mold of the 2# parking space is jacked up by the hydraulic cylinder to jack the mold on the movable bedplate, a limit switch transmits a signal, the 2# parking space horizontal taper pin is pulled out of the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, a limit opening Guan Fa signal is carried out, the 2# parking space is returned to the hydraulic machine to stop and transmitted;

then, the vertical taper pin is pulled out from the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, so that the 1# parking space of the double U-shaped trolley runs and stops before the hydraulic press, the vertical taper pin of the 1# parking space is stretched out and inserted into the track foundation frame positioning hole plate, the 1# parking space is positioned, a non-contact limit switch sends a signal, the movable bedplate is driven by an oil motor-gear device and enters the lower part of a die at the center of the 1# parking space, an encoder sends a signal, the 1# parking space horizontal taper pin is stretched out and inserted into a positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, the movable bedplate is positioned, a limit opening Guan Fa signal is formed, the die of the 1# parking space is lifted up and falls down on the die to the movable bedplate, a limit opening Guan Fa signal is formed, the 1# parking space horizontal taper pin is pulled out from the positioning pin hole of the movable bedplate, a limit opening Guan Fa signal is formed, the 2# parking space is opened, and the movable bedplate returns to the hydraulic press to stop and sends a signal;

Then, the vertical taper pins of the No. 1 parking spaces are pulled out from the positioning hole plates of the track foundation frame, the double U-shaped trolley No. 2 parking spaces carry the replaced die to longitudinally run, or are positioned in front of a preheating furnace, the die is unloaded into the preheating furnace, or are positioned in front of the die assembling position, and the die is unloaded onto an assembling platform;

after the movable platen carries the die and returns to the hydraulic press to stop and send a signal, 4 groups of 8 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders in a lower backing plate of the hydraulic press descend, wheels of the movable platen descend along with the movable platen to enable the movable platen to be attached to the lower backing plate, meanwhile, a transverse key slot below the transverse center of the movable platen is matched with a key on the lower backing plate to realize longitudinal positioning of the movable platen, and a longitudinal key slot below the movable platen is matched with a key on the lower backing plate driven by 2 short-stroke hydraulic cylinders to realize transverse positioning of the movable platen, and then the die backing plate and the movable platen are automatically clamped together by 4T-shaped hydraulic clamping devices;