CN109843624B - 混合动力模块和驱动系 - Google Patents

混合动力模块和驱动系 Download PDF

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CN109843624B
CN109843624B CN201780064789.9A CN201780064789A CN109843624B CN 109843624 B CN109843624 B CN 109843624B CN 201780064789 A CN201780064789 A CN 201780064789A CN 109843624 B CN109843624 B CN 109843624B
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clutch
hybrid module
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卡尔-路德维格·基米希
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0607—Double clutch with torque input plate in-between the two clutches, i.e. having a central input plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机动车的用于连接内燃机的混合动力模块以及一种具有根据本发明的混合动力模块的驱动系。所述混合动力模块(1)针对机动车设计用于连接内燃机而且包括电机(10)和至少一个离合器(30、40、50)，该电机具有布置在旋转轴线(2)上的转子(11)，该离合器用于传递驱动装置的扭矩且布置在由转子(11)包围的空间(15)内。所述混合动力模块还包括与转子(11)至少抗旋转地连接并且同样布置在旋转轴线(2)上的旋转件(70)，其中旋转件(70)从旋转轴线(2)相比转子(11)沿径向延伸得更远，使得由转子(11)和/或离合器(30、40、50)引入到旋转件(70)中的热量能够散发到旋转件(70)的周围环境中。利用这里提出的混合动力模块，提供了一种紧凑的单元，该紧凑的单元具有多个集成的离合器、理想地干式实施的离合器，该紧凑的单元能成本低地来制造而且具有小的损耗力矩。

Description

混合动力模块和驱动系
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车的用于连接内燃机的混合动力模块以及一种具有根据本发明的混合动力模块的驱动系。
背景技术
由于节省化石燃料以及减少尾气排放的需求增长，对机动车的如下需求有所提高，即在机动车中，内燃机的运行能够与电机的运行结合。为此，需要混合动力模块，其允许内燃机设备以及电机的依次运行或者同时运行。当代的机动车还拥有双离合变速器，利用该双离合变速器能更高效地执行换挡过程。
目前可获得的混合动力模块包括电动机、分离离合器、该分离离合器的操纵系统和轴承，以及将这三个主要部件连接成一个运行单元的壳体部件。电动机能够实现电动行驶、用于内燃机运行的功率增加和动能回收。分离离合器及其操纵系统用于连接或断开内燃机。
从DE 10 2013 006 857 A1已知一种混合动力模块，该混合动力模块具有三重离合装置。该三重离合装置包括用于将混合动力模块连接到驱动装置上、诸如连接到内燃机上的分离离合器，并且包括双离合变速器的两个子离合器。该混合动力模块还包括以具有转子的电动机的形式的电机。该混合动力模块的分离离合器布置在由转子包围的空间内。此外，这两个子离合器中的一者部分地布置在该由转子包围的空间内。该子离合器的其余部分以及另一子离合器虽然布置在转子空间之外，然而非常紧密地放置在电机的转子上。所使用的离合器优选地实施为湿式离合器。
还已知如下混合动力模块，其中分离离合器实施为干式离合器而且同样布置在由该混合动力模块的电机的转子包围的空间内。
电机被设计用于最优的工作温度范围。如果电机中的温度超过该最优范围，则这导致电机的效率的降低，该最优范围的上极限通常限定在160℃。
发明内容
因而，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种混合动力模块，该混合动力模块在优化地利用给定结构容积的情况下具有较高的技术效率。
该技术问题通过根据本发明的混合动力模块来解决。
本发明补充地提供了一种具有根据本发明的混合动力模块的驱动系。
权利要求的特征可以以任何技术上合理的方式和方法来组合，其中为此也可以根据随后的描述以及附图的特征来进行阐述，该阐述包括本发明的补充的设计方案。
在本发明的范围内，随后提及的术语径向、轴向和周向总是基于该混合动力模块的旋转轴线。
本发明涉及一种机动车的用于连接内燃机的混合动力模块，该混合动力模块具有电机、至少一个离合器和旋转件，该电机具有布置在旋转轴线上的转子，该离合器用于传递驱动装置的扭矩，该离合器布置在由转子包围的空间内，该旋转件与转子至少抗旋转地连接并且同样布置在旋转轴线上，其特征在于，该旋转件从旋转轴线相比转子沿径向延伸得更远，使得由转子和/或离合器引入到旋转件中的热量能够散发到旋转件的周围环境中。
通过这样的方式，在离合器的摩擦面上形成的热能可迅速地散发到旋转件的周围空气中并且从该处通过对流进一步散发到混合动力模块和变速器壳体上。
本发明不仅能用于干式离合器而且能用于湿式离合器，特别能用于所谓的P2混合动力模块，其中，本发明通过有效的散热特别在干式离合器中发挥出最优的效果，使得能够在混合动力模块中使用干式离合器，并且该混合动力模块因此具有较高效率或者说在运行根据本发明的混合动力模块时产生较低的损耗力矩。
在旋转件的旋转对称的设计方案中，旋转件的径向外侧边缘明显伸出于电机的转子与定子之间的空隙，使得旋转件在其径向外侧具有较大的面积和较高的周向速度，以便将由电机和/或离合器引入的热量存储到旋转件中并且将该热量传递到旋转件的周围环境中并且因此传导到混合动力模块的外侧。
旋转轴线是电机的旋转轴线并且优选地也是布置在混合动力模块中的离合器的旋转轴线。
由转子包围的空间是在径向上由电机的转子的空心圆柱形的内侧包围的空间。
特别地，旋转件也可以是各个离合器的离合器盖，或者也可以是外侧离合器壳体，该离合器盖或该外侧离合器壳体不仅旋转地而且平移地与电机的转子固定地机械连接。
优选地，旋转件同样至少局部地并且必要时完全布置在由转子包围的空间内。
旋转件可以构造为离合器的组成部件。特别地，旋转件可以用作至少一个布置在由转子包围的空间内的摩擦离合器的配对板。
此外，混合动力模块还可如此设计，使得多个离合器布置在由转子包围的空间内，并且该旋转件是多个离合器的组成部件。
如此，双离合装置的被称作K1的第一子离合器和被称作K2的第二子离合器和/或被称作分离离合器的K0例如都可以布置在由转子包围的空间内，该分离离合器可以将扭矩传递到混合动力模块。必要时，也可以只将这些离合器中的两个离合器布置在由转子包围的空间中，而将第三离合器与转子轴向偏离地布置。在双离合器的设计方案中，如双离合器例如为了操纵双离合变速器所需的那样，该旋转件也可用作双离合器的两个子离合器的配对板。
电机的转子可布置在转子支架上，其中，与转子连接的旋转件是机械固定连接在转子支架上的构件或者是转子支架的集成的组成部分。
有利地，旋转件旋转对称地来构造，其中，旋转件的直径Dt与转子的直径Dr保持如下比例：Dt/Dr＝1.1至2.0。通过旋转件的较大直径，确保了旋转件的径向外侧区段的较高的周向速度，从而有利于在包围该旋转件的空气中形成涡流，这进一步提高了散热的效率。
为了高效的散热，还设置，旋转件在其径向外侧具有多个轴向并排布置的构件部段。也就是说，旋转件的特别从转子中引出来的区段的壁部弯曲地布置旋转件的径向外边缘上，使得旋转件的材料在此平行于旋转轴线双层地或多层地布置。在此，本发明并不限于旋转件的这种弯曲的设计方案，构件部段也可以这样并排放置，其中至少一个环形部段附加地固定在旋转件的基本上平坦地设计的、从转子空间引出来的部段上。通过由于弯曲而附加地布置的有弯折部的质量件，旋转件获得附加地增大的表面，这提高了散热的效率。
在这种情况下，旋转件的径向外侧边缘仍应如此设计，使得旋转件可以相对混合动力模块的壳体中的空气、即所谓的钟形空气(Glockenluft)，以较高速度来绕流。优选地，空气由于离心力(类似于径流式鼓风机)而应沿径向向外流动并且由于旋转运动而应附加地沿周向同样高速地对旋转件的表面进行绕流。
构件部段之间应存在如下间距，间距为相邻的构件部段中的最薄的构件部段的壁厚的至少1/10。
在这种情况下，构件部段可以通过布置在径向外侧的桥接部来彼此连接，其中，桥接部在其总体上不应覆盖超过旋转件的周向的1/5，特别不应覆盖超过旋转件的周向的1/10，由此处于构件部段之间的被加热的空气能够沿径向逸出，以进一步散热。
在另外的技术上有利的设计方案中设置，旋转件至少在其径向外侧区段具有结构件，这些结构件在旋转件旋转时有利于形成具有至少径向分量的空气流。这说明，旋转件的外侧区段具有相应的几何形状，该几何形状使钟形空气的流速增大。这种几何形状例如可以类似于径流式鼓风机的叶片地设计。
为了将旋转件从由转子包围的空间中引出来，优选地折设置，旋转件具有径向内侧区段、径向外侧区段以及在径向内侧区段与径向外侧区段之间弯曲的区段，其中，该径向内侧区段布置在由转子包围的空间内，且该径向外侧区段在转子的一侧轴向偏离地延伸。在此，根据本发明，不应该排除：在径向外侧区段与转子之间还布置有混合动力模块的其他构件。
此外，本发明补充地提供了一种用于机动车的驱动系，该驱动系具有内燃机和根据本发明的混合动力模块并且具有驱动变速器，其中，该混合动力模块借助于离合器来与内燃机以及与驱动变速器机械连接。
该驱动系被设置为，将由驱动装置提供的并且通过其从动轴输出的扭矩以能够接合且能够断开的方式传递到至少一个负载上，驱动装置例如是能量转换机，优选是内燃机或驱动电机。负载例如是机动车的驱动轮或者是用于提供电能的发电机。反过来，也能实现吸收由例如驱动轮引入的惯性能量。驱动轮则构成驱动装置，其中，驱动装置的惯性能量能够在相应设置的驱动系中借助于摩擦离合器传递到发电机，用于回收能量，即用于制动能量的电力存储。
附图说明
上面描述的本发明随后在相关的技术背景下参考所属的附图详细地予以阐述，这些附图示出了优选的设计方案。本发明并不受纯示意性的附图限制，其中应注意：在附图中示出的实施例并不限于所示出的尺寸。其中：
图1示出了根据根据本发明的混合动力模块的第一实施方式的剖视图；
图2示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块的旋转件的局部剖切的立体图；
图3示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块的旋转件的立体图；
图4示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块的第二实施方式的剖视图。
具体实施方式
因此，图1和图4示出了旋转件的以及因此也包括整个根据本发明的混合动力模块的两个不同的实施方式，而图2和图3以不同的图示示出了同一旋转件。
首先，依据图1来阐述根据本发明的混合动力模块的一般性结构。混合动力模块1具有旋转轴线2，在这里示出的实施方式中，在该旋转轴线上共同布置有双质量飞轮3、用于与例如内燃机的驱动装置(未示出)连接的驱动轴4、双离合变速器的从动轴5和双离合变速器的第二从动轴6。电机10同样布置在旋转轴线2上，该电机的转子11在定子13中绕着旋转轴线2旋转。在此，转子11布置在转子支架12上。
混合动力模块1还包括与第一从动轴5机械连接的第一离合器30以及与第二从动轴6连接的第二离合器40。在此，第一离合器30和第二离合器40组成了双离合变速器(未示出)的离合器单元20。优选地，在此布置的离合器、至少第一离合器30和第二离合器40实施为干式离合器。
混合动力模块1还包括分离离合器50，利用该分离离合器，驱动轴4能够与转子1通过转子支架12机械连接。
为了操纵子离合器，第一离合器30分配有第一操纵系统33而第二离合器40分配有第二操纵系统43。分离离合器50分配有分离离合器操纵系统54。利用操纵系统33、43、54可以断开和接合相应的离合器30、40、50并且以这样的方式来传递扭矩。
通过操纵分离离合器操纵系统54，分离离合器50的压板52轴向地移动，使得该压板以在离合器盘51与分离离合器50的配对板53之间产生摩擦接合的方式来固定离合器盘51，并且能够这样将扭矩从驱动轴4传递到与分离离合器50的离合器盘51连接的转子支架12上。根据通过第一操纵系统33或第二操纵系统43对第一离合器30或第二离合器40的操纵，相应的压板，即第一压板32或第二压板42如此地轴向移动，使得第一离合器盘31或第二离合器盘42以在相应的压板32、42与配对板71之间产生摩擦接合的方式来固定，从而扭矩可以由与配对板71固定连接的转子支架12通过相应的离合器盘，即通过第一离合器盘31或通过第二离合器盘41传递到第一从动轴5或第二从动轴6。
在此，用于第一离合器30并且也用于第二离合器40的配对板71设计为旋转件70，该旋转件在电机10的转子11旁边轴向地延伸并且还在电机10的定子13旁边径向向外地延伸。该旋转件70借助在此示出为螺钉的紧固装置60与转子支架12固定连接。因此，由电机10的转子11可以简单地通过热传导将热量从电机10经由转子支架12引入到旋转件70中并且从该处释放到旋转件的周围环境中，在此即所谓的钟形空气80中。该钟形空气80的热量可以通过对流散发到周围的、这里仅部分示出的壳体7上，并且从该处散发到混合动力模块1的周围空气中。
可看出，分离离合器50完全布置在由转子11包围的空间15内，且第一离合器30部分地布置在由转子11包围的空间15内。在此，该由转子包围的空间15是理想的圆柱体，该圆柱体由转子11的内侧在其旋转时构造。
能明显地看出，转子11的直径Dr远小于旋转件70的直径Dt。由此确保旋转件70的表面非常大，并且因此提供用于将热量散发到周围环境的较大的表面。此外，旋转件70的径向外侧区段具有比转子11本身更高的周向速度，使得由此也确保了向周围环境的高效的散热，特别是高速度还使得在钟形空气80中产生有利于散热的涡流。
还能看出，旋转件70具有多个轴向并排布置的构件部段72。关于这一点，参阅图2和图3。
从图2和图3可见，这些构件部段72沿径向彼此平行延伸地布置，其中，在该构件部段之间存在间隔75或缝隙，该间隔75或缝隙有利于构件部段72的热量的释放并且借此总体上增大旋转件70的表面。因此，旋转件70包括环形部段73，该环形部段与平坦部段74通过桥接部76连接，该平坦部段至少形成在旋转件70的径向外侧区域内。
在这种情况下，这种桥接部76如此细窄地来实施，使得在构件部段72之间的间隔75的区域内存在的空气由于旋转件70的旋转和在此作用于空气的离心力而可以从环形部段73与平坦部段74之间的区域内径向地逸出。为了实现将电机和/或离合器的热量从由转子11包围的空间15中引出来或为了将电机10的热量通过热传导引导出来，该旋转件具有径向内侧区段77，该径向内侧区段也用作配对板71。在该径向内侧区段77上连接有弯曲的区段79，径向外侧区段78又从该弯曲的区段径向向外地延伸。该径向外侧区段78构成旋转件70的平坦部段74，环形部段73以所描述的方式通过桥接部76平行于此地连接到该平坦部段上。
在图4中示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块的与在图1中示出的实施方式类似的实施方式。在图4中示出的实施变型方案相比在图1中示出的实施例的区别在于，旋转件70仅具有作为径向外侧区段78的平坦部段74，并且没有与此平行地布置的、如图1所示的质量件。
在图1和图4中示出的两个实施例的共同点之处在于，旋转件70的直径Dt比转子11的直径Dr大得多。也就是说，相比于电机10的定子13与转子11之间的空隙14相对旋转轴线2的距离，旋转件70的径向外侧区段78关于旋转轴线2沿径向向外延伸得更远。
利用这里提出的混合动力模块，提供一种紧凑的单元，该紧凑的单元具有多个集成的离合器，理想地还包括以干式离合器的实施方式，该紧凑的单元能成本低地来制造而且具有小的损耗力矩。
附图标记列表
1 混合动力模块
2 旋转轴线
3 双质量飞轮
4 驱动轴
5 第一从动轴
6 第二从动轴
7 壳体
10 电机
11 转子
12 转子支架
Dr 转子的直径
13 定子
14 空隙
15 由转子包围的空间
20 离合器单元
30 第一离合器
31 第一离合器盘
32 第一压板
33 第一操纵系统
40 第二离合器
41 第二离合器盘
42 第二压板
43 第二操纵系统
50 分离离合器
51 分离离合器的离合器盘
52 分离离合器的压板
53 分离离合器的配对板
54 分离离合器操纵系统
60 紧固装置
70 旋转件
71 配对板
Dt 旋转件的直径
72 构件部段
73 环形部段
74 平坦部段
75 间隔
76 桥接部
77 径向内侧区段
78 径向外侧区段
79 弯曲的区段
80 钟形空气

Claims (10)

1.一种机动车的用于连接内燃机的混合动力模块(1)，所述混合动力模块具有电机(10)、至少一个离合器(30、40、50)和旋转件(70)，所述电机具有布置在旋转轴线(2)上的转子(11)，所述离合器用于传递驱动装置的扭矩，所述离合器布置在由所述转子(11)包围的空间(15)内，所述旋转件与所述转子(11)至少抗旋转地连接并且同样布置在所述旋转轴线(2)上，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)从所述旋转轴线(2)相比所述转子(11)沿径向延伸得更远，使得由所述转子(11)和/或所述离合器(30、40、50)引入到所述旋转件(70)中的热量能够散发到所述旋转件(70)的周围环境中；
所述旋转件(70)在其径向外侧具有多个轴向并排布置的构件部段(72)，在构件部段之间存在间隔以利于构件部段的热量的释放。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)同样至少局部地布置在由所述转子(11)包围的空间(15)中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)构造为所述离合器(30、40、50)的组成部件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)用作至少一个在由所述转子(11)包围的空间(15)内布置的摩擦离合器(30、40、50)的配对板(53、71)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，多个离合器(30、40、50)布置在由所述转子(11)包围的空间(15)内，并且所述旋转件(70)是多个离合器(30、40、50)的组成部件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述电机(10)的转子(11)布置在转子支架(12)上，并且与所述转子(11)连接的旋转件(70)是在所述转子支架(12)上机械固定连接的构件或者是所述转子支架(12)的集成的组成部分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)旋转对称地来构造，其中，所述旋转件的直径Dt与所述转子的直径Dr保持如下比例：Dt/Dr＝1.1至2.0。
8.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)至少在其径向外侧区段具有结构件，所述结构件在所述旋转件(70)旋转时有利于形成具有至少径向分量的空气流。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的混合动力模块，其特征在于，所述旋转件(70)具有径向内侧区段(77)、径向外侧区段(78)以及在所述径向内侧区段(77)与所述径向外侧区段(78)之间弯曲的区段(79)，其中，所述径向内侧区段(77)布置在由所述转子(11)包围的空间(15)内，且所述径向外侧区段(78)在所述转子(11)的一侧轴向偏离地延伸。
10.一种用于机动车的驱动系，所述驱动系具有内燃机和根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的混合动力模块(1)并且具有驱动变速器，其中，所述混合动力模块(1)借助于离合器与所述内燃机以及与所述驱动变速器机械连接。
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