CN1098355A - 模压塑料的方法 - Google Patents
模压塑料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/0061—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the configuration of the material feeding channel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0013—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fillers dispersed in the moulding material, e.g. metal particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
- B29C45/2701—Details not specific to hot or cold runner channels
- B29C45/2708—Gates
- B29C2045/2714—Gates elongated, e.g. film-like, annular
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种生产模压制品的方法，该方法
包括将可固化的环氧树脂组合物送入温度高到足以
使树脂发生固化的模具中，在加压下补加树脂，以补
偿该组合物(该环氧树脂含有粗粒装饰颗粒)的收缩
量，将该环氧树脂通过通道送入模具，该通道的长度
相当于与通道邻接的待模压制品尺寸的30-100％，
宽度至少两倍于装饰颗粒的最大粒度。
Description
本发明涉及生产环氧树脂模压制品的方法，该模压制品主要具有层状几何结构，在其整个材料上均匀分布许多粗粒的装饰颗粒。
可以采用环氧树脂通过所谓的自动压力胶凝法（APG）来制造模压制品。按照例如GB1323343和EP0333456中叙述的这种方法，将环氧树脂和固化剂在其呈液态的温度（通常为40-60℃）下混合。然后，将该混合物在低压下送入温度高到足以发生胶凝和固化的模具中。在加压下将混合物补加到模具中，以补偿该组合物的收缩量，直到该组合物固化为止。
当采用环氧树脂按照APG法制造模压制品时，其成品中常含有一种或多种填料。这些填料是在固化前添加到树脂或树脂/固化剂的混合物中的。填料可以是有机的或无机的，根据不同用途用作例如改性剂以增强模压制品的耐磨性、产生特殊效果或作为增量剂。当采用填料来产生装饰效果（例如花岗石样的效果）时，通常需要用大粒度的填料。
虽然可以保证环氧树脂混合物在模压前具有均匀的填料分布（参阅EP0533465的实施例），可是，装饰颗粒往往不能在制成的模压制品上均匀地分布。
现在，我们已发现了一种方法，可以确保均匀分散的树脂/硬化剂/填料/装饰颗粒掺合物在其注入和充填模具或在模具中胶凝时不会失去均匀分布。
我们已发现，如果注入物料时，将送入模具的进料速度控制到最低限度，而且物料流过进口通道进入模具的湍流也控制到最小，这样，即可达到上述目的。但是，充填模槽必须在一定的时间内完成，以保证能经济地生产优质的模压制品。
采用液态树脂流进模具的进口通道比常用的通道更长，可以实现上述目的。
因此，本发明提供了一种生产模压制品的方法，该方法包括将可固化的环氧树脂组合物送入温度高到足以使树脂发生固化的模具中，在加压下补加树脂，以补偿该组合物（该环氧树脂含有粗粒装饰颗粒）的收缩量，将该环氧树脂通过通道送入模具，该通道的长度相当于与通道邻接的待模压制品尺寸的30-100%，宽度至少两倍于装饰颗粒的最大粒度。
与进口通道邻接的待模压产品的尺寸，通常为其宽度，在本说明书的其余部分即按这样表示。
树脂进入模具的通道，其长度优选为模具宽度的60-100%。进口通道的最大宽度优选不大于模压制品的厚度。在模压薄模压制品的情况下，例如模压厨房洗涤盆，进口通道的最大宽度优选为10毫米或为模压制品（无论哪种最薄的制品）的厚度，最优选小于5毫米。
在实施时，进口通道的宽度必须宽到足以使流速和湍流降低，但其窄度应能保证最终模压制品容易从模具中拆卸，并能与进料流道中的固化树脂分离，便于清理。
树脂通过底部流槽或导槽送入模具，该流槽的长度至少与进口通道的长度一样，也可以为待模压产品的宽度加上待模压产品边沿和整个模具外侧之间相距的长度。
较宽范围的细粒和粗粒填料均可采用。填料可以是无机的，例如粘土、二氧化硅、白垩、云母粉、玻璃粉、玻璃珠、粉状玻璃纤维、氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁或有机的例如粉状聚（氯乙烯）、尼龙、聚乙烯、聚酯或全部或部分固化的热固性树脂如环氧树脂。
通常，可以采用粒度为0.01-10毫米的填料，优选0.05-4毫米。填料的总量可以至多为每100份环氧树脂（重量）400份（重量）填料，优选至多为300份（重量）。
可以采用填料混合物。例如为了在模压产品中产生花岗石样的效果，可以采用较大粒度的煅烧瓷土和黑云母的混合物。在生产厨房洗涤盆和类似产品的情况下，装饰颗粒的最大粒度通常至多为1毫米，优选至多为0.8毫米，例如约0.5毫米。
环氧树脂可以是脂环族的环氧树脂，即至少有一个环氧基的树脂（其中氧原子连接在脂环族的环的碳原子上），N-缩水甘油胺、聚羧酸的聚缩水甘油酯或多元醇或酚的聚缩水甘油醚。环氧树脂的固化剂可以是脂环族或芳族多胺、多元酚、聚羧酸酐或催化固化剂例如三氟化硼-胺的配合物或咪唑。优选的树脂组合物包括至少一种多元酚的聚缩水甘油醚例如2，2-双（4-羟苯基）丙烷（双酚A）、双（4-羟苯基）甲烷（双酚F）、酚醛清漆或甲酚-甲醛酚醛清漆，而作为固化剂的是聚羧酸酐例如邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢化邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氢化邻苯二甲酸酐、六氢化邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基六氢化邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基桥亚甲基四氢化邻苯二甲酸酐、烯基琥珀酐、马来酐、琥珀酐、戊二酐或富马酐。
本发明的方法中所用的环氧树脂组合物也可以包括与所选择的固化剂配合使用的固化树脂的促进剂。适用于与特殊的固化剂配合使用以固化环氧树脂的促进剂，是固化环氧树脂领域技术人员所熟知的。
模压树脂组合物中常用的其它添加剂也可包括在该组合物中。这些添加剂的实例是颜料、染料、纤维例如玻璃和碳纤维、阻燃剂、抗氧化剂、抗光剂、紫外线吸收剂和表面活性剂。
适宜的抗氧化剂的实例包括烷化单酚、烷基硫代甲苯酚、氢醌和烷基化氢醌、羟基化吩噻醚、亚烷基双酚、O-、N-和S-苄基化合物、羟苄基化丙二酸酯、羟苄基芳族化合物、三嗪化合物、膦酸苄酯、酰胺基苯酚、β-（3，5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基）丙酸的酯和酰胺、β-（5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基）丙酸的酯、β-（3，5-二环己基-4-羟苯基）丙酸的酯、3，5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基乙酸的酯。
适宜的紫外线吸收剂和抗光剂实例包括2-（2’-羟苯基）苯并三唑、2-羟基二苯酮、取代和未被取代的苯甲酸的酯、丙烯酸酯、镍化合物、位阻胺、草酸联酰胺和2-（2-羟苯基）-1，3，5-三嗪。
该组合物也可以含有触变剂和/或增稠聚合物。
本发明的组合物可以用来生产薄壁或厚壁（横截面）的模压制品。它们还特别适合于生产大面积、至少一种线性尺寸长的或形状复杂的模压制品。该组合物可以用于模压例如家用卫生器具，例如洗涤盆、澡盆、淋浴盘（shower trays）和洗脸盆、梳妆台以及用于生产器具例如家用写字台面（worktops）的薄板材（sheet slabstock）。
下列实施例将对本发明作详细说明，其中，“份”按重量份计。
实施例1
厨房洗涤盆用含有100份液态改性双酚A环氧树脂（环氧树脂含量为5.2摩尔/千克）；200份磨碎二氧化硅；60份粗煅烧瓷土；10份黑云母和21份液态甲基四氢化-邻苯二甲酸酐硬化剂的环氧树脂组合物制成。该厨房洗涤盆用附图中图1和图2所示的模具制造。
从图中可以看出，厨房洗涤盆10是在模具12中制造的，采用进口流道14（尺寸列出如下）和装有进口通道16（其长和宽的尺寸列出如下）。x的值也列出如下。
短流道 长流道
洗涤盆宽 50厘米 50厘米
流道长y 21.5厘米 57厘米
进口通道长z 10厘米 46厘米
进口通道宽w 1.5毫米 1.5毫米
长x 9厘米 9厘米
装饰填料的最大粒度 0.6毫米 0.6毫米
洗涤盆外观 在洗涤盆L.H.充填 洗涤盆上颗粒
侧上颗粒很少。在 分布均匀。未
底部边缘上可见的 观察到颗粒过
颗粒很少。在部分 密的表面。
表面上颗粒过密。
实施例2
采用下列尺寸的模具，重复实施例1。
短流道 长流道
洗涤盆宽 50厘米 50厘米
流道长y 22厘米 48厘米
进口通道长z 7厘米 32.5厘米
进口通道宽w 2.5-3.0毫米 3.0毫米
长x 12厘米 12厘米
装饰填料的最大粒度 0.8毫米 0.8毫米
洗涤盆外观 洗涤盆表面有的颗 整个洗涤盆上
粒极少有的却太多。 颗粒分布均匀。
L.H.充填侧和底部
边缘上颗粒极少。
实施例3
短流道 长流道
洗涤盆宽 51厘米 51厘米
流道长y 60厘米 60厘米
进口通道长z 50厘米 50厘米
进口通道宽w 1.2毫米 3.0毫米
长x 9厘米 9厘米
装饰填料的最大粒度 0.7毫米 0.7毫米
洗涤盆外观 洗涤盆的总外观良 整个洗涤盆上
好,但在进口区周 颗粒分布均匀。
围的部分表面上,
颗粒分布很差。
从以上实施例可以看出，为了保证在整个洗涤盆上颗粒分布均匀，长的进口通道和至少两倍于装饰颗粒最大粒度的进口通道宽度是必要的。
Claims (7)
1、一种制造模压制品的方法，该方法包括将可固化的环氧树脂组合物送入温度高到足以使树脂发生固化的模具中，在加压下补加树脂，以补偿该组合物的收缩量，该环氧树脂含有粗粒装饰颗粒，将该环氧树脂通过通道送入模具，该通道的长度相当于与通道邻接的待模压制品尺寸的30-100%，宽度至少两倍于装饰颗粒的最大粒度。
2、根据权利要求1的方法，其中该通道的长度为所述尺寸的60-100%。
3、根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中该装饰颗粒的最大粒度至多为1毫米。
4、根据上述权利要求的方法，其中该通道的最大宽度，无论哪种最薄的制品，均为10毫米或为待模压制品的厚度。
5、根据权利要求4的方法，其中该通道的宽度小于5毫米。
6、根据上述权利要求的方法，其中填料的总量至多为每100份环氧树脂（重量）400份（重量）填料。
7、一种采用上述权利要求中任一项的方法制造的模压制品。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB939312712A GB9312712D0 (en) | 1993-06-19 | 1993-06-19 | Process for moulding plastics |
| GB9312712.4 | 1993-06-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1098355A true CN1098355A (zh) | 1995-02-08 |
| CN1051271C CN1051271C (zh) | 2000-04-12 |
Family
ID=10737470
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94106791A Expired - Fee Related CN1051271C (zh) | 1993-06-19 | 1994-06-18 | 模压塑料的方法 |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5523044A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0629483B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH08103917A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100323920B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1051271C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE155067T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU673735B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9402470A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2126168A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69404091T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2106452T3 (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB9312712D0 (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK1001087A1 (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL110046A0 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO942272L (zh) |
| TR (1) | TR28222A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW299278B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW304911B (zh) * | 1995-03-07 | 1997-05-11 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | |
| US20090096125A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | William Patrick Paplham | Injection molding of thermoplastic polymethylmethacrylate pellets |
| WO2014066693A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-01 | Kohler Co. | Engineered composite material and products produced therefrom |
| EP3357663B1 (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2019-06-05 | Essilor International | Injection molds including vertical snap-gate devices and methods for producing molded articles using the same |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1962008A1 (de) * | 1969-12-11 | 1971-07-15 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Giessform |
| JPS5849170B2 (ja) * | 1977-10-25 | 1983-11-02 | 旭化成株式会社 | コ−トハンガ−型ゲ−トを有する射出成形用金型 |
| DE2805117A1 (de) * | 1978-02-07 | 1979-08-09 | Bucher Guyer Ag Masch | Vorrichtung zum herstellen von formteilen aus kunststoff oder gummi |
| JPS55124631A (en) * | 1979-03-20 | 1980-09-25 | Tdk Corp | Manufacturing method of annular magnet |
| JPS5763235A (en) * | 1980-10-02 | 1982-04-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Reaction injection molding |
| GB8806299D0 (en) * | 1988-03-17 | 1988-04-13 | Glynwed Consumer & Building | Process of manufacturing thin-walled plastics moulding |
-
1993
- 1993-06-19 GB GB939312712A patent/GB9312712D0/en active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-05-21 TW TW083104611A patent/TW299278B/zh active
- 1994-06-14 US US08/259,642 patent/US5523044A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-15 TR TR00577/94A patent/TR28222A/xx unknown
- 1994-06-15 EP EP94304313A patent/EP0629483B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-15 AT AT94304313T patent/ATE155067T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-15 ES ES94304313T patent/ES2106452T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-15 DE DE69404091T patent/DE69404091T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-16 AU AU64766/94A patent/AU673735B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-06-16 NO NO942272A patent/NO942272L/no unknown
- 1994-06-17 CA CA002126168A patent/CA2126168A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-06-17 BR BR9402470A patent/BR9402470A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-06-17 KR KR1019940013688A patent/KR100323920B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-17 IL IL11004694A patent/IL110046A0/xx unknown
- 1994-06-18 CN CN94106791A patent/CN1051271C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-20 JP JP6160526A patent/JPH08103917A/ja active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1001087A1 (en) | 1998-05-22 |
| EP0629483A1 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
| DE69404091D1 (de) | 1997-08-14 |
| NO942272D0 (no) | 1994-06-16 |
| US5523044A (en) | 1996-06-04 |
| ATE155067T1 (de) | 1997-07-15 |
| JPH08103917A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| AU6476694A (en) | 1994-12-22 |
| CA2126168A1 (en) | 1994-12-20 |
| TW299278B (zh) | 1997-03-01 |
| KR100323920B1 (ko) | 2002-05-13 |
| EP0629483B1 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
| ES2106452T3 (es) | 1997-11-01 |
| TR28222A (tr) | 1996-03-20 |
| DE69404091T2 (de) | 1998-01-02 |
| BR9402470A (pt) | 1995-06-20 |
| AU673735B2 (en) | 1996-11-21 |
| IL110046A0 (en) | 1994-10-07 |
| GB9312712D0 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
| CN1051271C (zh) | 2000-04-12 |
| KR950000341A (ko) | 1995-01-03 |
| NO942272L (no) | 1994-12-20 |
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