CN109825727A - A kind of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction - Google Patents
A kind of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109825727A CN109825727A CN201910163355.5A CN201910163355A CN109825727A CN 109825727 A CN109825727 A CN 109825727A CN 201910163355 A CN201910163355 A CN 201910163355A CN 109825727 A CN109825727 A CN 109825727A
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- intermediate alloy
- thermit reaction
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Abstract
The Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction that the invention discloses a kind of places thermite in crucible bottom, and thermite is according to thermit reaction Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+ 2Fe+ Δ Q is prepared, using high-frequency induction heating graphite crucible, the high temperature instantaneous trigger thermit reaction generated using its kelvin effect, the high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, then lower melting-point aluminium block is melted, high frequency stove heating, heat preservation can be smelt the uniform intermediate alloy melt of ingredient, and reaction process of the present invention is safe and reliable；The silico briquette and aluminium block being covered on thermite avoid the high temperature of thermit reaction that melt is caused to splash, it is effectively utilized residual heat of reaction, refractory metal Fe, nonmetallic Si are melted using thermit reaction, speed is fast, high-efficient, energy saving, shorten the smelting time of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy, melting loss of elements amount is reduced, reduces air pollution caused by bath surface flux decomposes, improves intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional alloy material manufacturing technology field, specifically a kind of Al-Si- based on thermit reaction
Fe intermediate alloy preparation method.
Background technique
Intermediate alloy is one or several kinds of simple substance to be fused, to solve simple substance in fusion process using a kind of metal as matrix
The problems such as easy scaling loss, high-melting-point be not easy to fuse into, density great Yi segregation, or be a kind of addition type for improving alloy property
Functional material.Intermediate alloy generally has lower fusing point, faster solution rate, more stable compared with the simple substance of quasi- addition
Casting yield, the stronger ability for improving alloy property, can be used for the accurate of element during alloy production and add and ingredient tune
Whole, refinement crystal grain, Metamorphism treatment, purified treatment, deoxidization desulfuration processing, solution hardening etc., in aluminium and aluminium alloy, copper alloy, steel
The industries such as iron have a wide range of applications.
Machinery manufacturing industry manufactures wheel, pulley, centrifuge, ventilation blower, crane and pump with Al-Si series alloy extensively
Components, piston and cylinder etc..Al-Si casting alloy is promoted by the automotive light weight technology demand of original intention of ecological purpose
In the application of auto industry.Engine, chassis, the vehicle body of automobile have been spread by the part that Al-Si series alloy manufactures at present
Etc. various pieces.Under conventional melting and pouring condition, the crystallite dimension of gained aluminium alloy castings is coarseer, mechanical property
It is lower, and then limit the extensive use of aluminium alloy industrially.In order to improve the mechanics of casting Al-Si series alloy
Performance needs to carry out Metamorphism treatment to melt.Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy can be effectively facilitated Si phase in casting Al-Si alloy
Forming core, and Si phase is significantly refined, significantly improve the Production Practice of Casting Technologies and military service performance of the alloy.
The preparation of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy at present mainly uses mix-melting method, i.e., is put into togerther Al, Si, Fe metal block and adds
In hot stove, the Al block (660 DEG C of fusing point) of low melting point melts first, the continuous dystectic Si block of corrosion (1414 DEG C of fusing point) and Fe block
(1538 DEG C of fusing point), with the progress of heating process, high-melting-point Si and Fe are gradually fused to formation Al-Si-Fe melt in Al melt,
Then casting forms the Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy of different dimensions.Fe fusing point is higher, and density is larger, is sunken to Al melt bottom
Portion, and Si fusing point is higher, and density is smaller, floats on Al bath surface, it is slower to fuse into Al melt process, a large amount of flux of bath surface
It decomposes, pollutes air, and melt need to be stirred continuously, and just can guarantee the uniformity of ingredient.So Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy tradition
There are air pollutions for preparation method seriously, large labor intensity, heating time is long, high energy consumption and efficiency is low, alloying element scaling loss is serious
The problem of.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction,
Melting loss of elements amount is reduced, reduces air pollution caused by bath surface flux decomposes, it is accurate to improve intermediate alloy ingredient
Property.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of the Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, by configured thermite, silico briquette, aluminium block successively according under
Sequence up is laid in crucible；
Step 2: being passed through recirculated cooling water into radio-frequency induction coil, start HF induction heating apparatus heating crucible, generation
It is heated at high temperature thermite, triggers thermit reaction, the high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, re-melting aluminium
Block；
Step 3: continuing to be heated to material melts all in crucible, and molten in the covering of the surface of melt during melting
Agent, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 30%~40%NaCl, 50%~60% KCl, 1%~10% Na3AlF6、
1%~10% CaF2, continue to keep the temperature 5min after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
Further, the crucible is high temperature resistant graphite crucible.
Further, the thermite includes Fe2O3Powder and Al powder.
Further, the Fe in the thermite2O3Powder Particle Size is 30~60 mesh, and the Al Powder Particle Size in the thermite is
30~60 mesh.
Further, the silico briquette, aluminium block size be greater than thermite size.
Further, preparation Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is using thermit reaction device, the thermit reaction device packet
Include crucible, radio-frequency induction coil, the crucible is set in inside radio-frequency induction coil, in the inner cavity of the crucible from top to bottom according to
It is secondary to be set as thermite, silico briquette, aluminium block.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) high-frequency induction heating crucible is used, the kelvin effect triggering thermit reaction being generated by it is safe and reliable；
(2) silico briquette and aluminium block being covered on thermite can avoid melt (Al caused by the high temperature of thermit reaction2O3Slag, Fe
Melt) it splashes, and it is effectively utilized residual heat of reaction；
(3) using thermit reaction melt 1538 DEG C of refractory metal Fe(fusing point), 1410 DEG C of nonmetallic Si(fusing point), with tradition side
Method melting intermediate alloy is compared, and has the advantages that speed is fast, high-efficient, energy saving；
(4) this method substantially reduces the smelting time of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy, greatly reduces melting loss of elements amount, reduces
Air pollution caused by bath surface flux decomposes, improves intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of thermit reaction device of the present invention；
Appended drawing reference: 1, radio-frequency induction coil, 2, crucible, 3, aluminium block, 4, silico briquette, 5, thermite.
Specific embodiment
A kind of preparation method of the Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: first according to thermit reaction equation Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+ 2Fe+ Δ Q(heat release) thermite is prepared, setting is every
The weight of furnace Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is m, and weight percent of the Fe in Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is x, and Si is in Al-Si-
Weight percent in Fe intermediate alloy is y, then the weight of required thermite is 1.91mx, and the weight of required Si block is my, institute
The weight for needing aluminium block is m(1-x-y)；
Step 2: crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, by configured thermite, silico briquette, aluminium block successively according under
Sequence up is laid in crucible, and the crucible is high temperature resistant graphite crucible, and the high temperature resistant graphite crucible is resistant to 2500 DEG C
High temperature, and can be recycled 100 times or more, the silico briquette, aluminium block size be greater than the size of thermite, to guarantee
Enough exhaust clearances, the thermite include Fe2O3Powder and Al powder, the Fe2O3Powder Particle Size is 30~60 mesh, the Al powder
Granularity is 30~60 mesh；
Step 3: being passed through recirculated cooling water into radio-frequency induction coil, start HF induction heating apparatus heating crucible, generation
It is heated at high temperature thermite, triggers thermit reaction, the high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, re-melting aluminium
Block；
Step 4: continuing to be heated to material melts all in crucible, and molten in the covering of the surface of melt during melting
Agent, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 30%~40%NaCl, 50%~60% KCl, 1%~10% Na3AlF6、
1%~10% CaF2, continue to keep the temperature 5min after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is prepared using thermit reaction device, the thermit reaction device includes crucible 2, height
Frequency induction coil 1, the crucible 2 are set in inside radio-frequency induction coil 1, are successively set from top to bottom in the inner cavity of the crucible 2
It is set to thermite 5, silico briquette 4, aluminium block 3.
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1:
Prepare the Al-10Si-2Fe intermediate alloy of 200kg, comprising the following steps:
(1) first according to thermit reaction equation Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+ 2Fe+ Δ Q(heat release) prepare thermite, Al-Si-Fe
The weight of intermediate alloy is 200kg, and weight percent of the Fe in Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is 4.05%, Si in Al-Si-Fe
Weight percent in intermediate alloy is 10.12%, then the weight of required thermite is 15.47kg, and the weight of required Si block is
20.24kg, the weight of required aluminium block are 171.66kg；
(2) high temperature resistant graphite crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil 1, then by the thermite 5 of above-mentioned weight, Si block 4, aluminium
Block 3 successively under, in, on sequence be laid in high temperature resistant graphite crucible 2；
(3) recirculated cooling water is passed through into radio-frequency induction coil 1, starting HF induction heating apparatus heats high temperature resistant graphite earthenware
Crucible, high temperature resistant graphite crucible bottom surface generate kelvin effect, and it is anti-then to trigger aluminothermy for the high-temperature heating thermite that moment generates
It answers, the high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, then melts lower melting-point aluminium block；
(4) continue material melts all in induction heating to high temperature resistant graphite crucible, and in melt during melting
Surface covering flux, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 39%NaCl, 50% KCl, 6.6% Na3AlF6、
4.4% CaF2, continue heat preservation 5 minutes after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
Compared with traditional preparation methods, smelting time 55% is saved, saves electric energy 78%, melting loss of elements amount reduces by 70%, significantly
Improve intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
Embodiment 2:
Prepare 400kg Al-10Si-2Fe intermediate alloy, comprising the following steps:
(1) first according to thermit reaction equation Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+ 2Fe+ Δ Q(heat release) prepare thermite, Al-Si-Fe
The weight of intermediate alloy is 400kg, and weight percent of the Fe in Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is 4.05%, Si in Al-Si-Fe
Weight percent in intermediate alloy is 10.12%, then the weight of required thermite is 30.94kg, and the weight of required Si block is
40.48kg, the weight of required aluminium block are 343.32kg；
(2) high temperature resistant graphite crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, then by the thermite of above-mentioned weight, Si block, aluminium block
Successively under, in, on sequence be laid in high temperature resistant graphite crucible；
(3) recirculated cooling water is passed through into radio-frequency induction coil, starting HF induction heating apparatus heats high temperature resistant graphite crucible,
High temperature resistant graphite crucible bottom surface generates kelvin effect, and the high-temperature heating thermite that moment generates then triggers thermit reaction,
The high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, then melts lower melting-point aluminium block；
(4) continue material melts all in induction heating to high temperature resistant graphite crucible, and in melt during melting
Surface covering flux, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 39%NaCl, 50% KCl, 6.6% Na3AlF6、
4.4% CaF2, continue heat preservation 5 minutes after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
Compared with traditional preparation methods, smelting time 63% is saved, saves electric energy 84%, melting loss of elements amount reduces by 78%, significantly
Improve intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare 400kg Al-10Si-3Fe intermediate alloy, comprising the following steps:
(1) first according to thermit reaction equation Fe2O3+2Al=Al2O3+ 2Fe+ Δ Q(heat release) prepare thermite, Al-Si-Fe
The weight of intermediate alloy is 400kg, and weight percent of the Fe in Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy is 6.01%, Si in Al-Si-Fe
Weight percent in intermediate alloy is 10.01%, then the weight of required thermite is 45.92kg, and the weight of required Si block is
40.04kg, the weight of required aluminium block are 335.92kg；
(2) high temperature resistant graphite crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, then by the thermite of above-mentioned weight, Si block, aluminium block
Successively under, in, on sequence be laid in high temperature resistant graphite crucible；
(3) recirculated cooling water is passed through into radio-frequency induction coil, starting HF induction heating apparatus heats high temperature resistant graphite crucible,
High temperature resistant graphite crucible bottom surface generates kelvin effect, and the high-temperature heating thermite that moment generates then triggers thermit reaction,
The high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, then melts lower melting-point aluminium block；
(4) continue material melts all in induction heating to high temperature resistant graphite crucible, and in melt during melting
Surface covering flux, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 39%NaCl, 50% KCl, 6.6% Na3AlF6、
4.4% CaF2, continue heat preservation 5 minutes after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
Compared with traditional preparation methods, smelting time 64% is saved, saves electric energy 85%, melting loss of elements amount reduces by 75%, significantly
Improve intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
The method preparation 200kgAl-10Si-3Fe intermediate alloy being prepared as described above is saved compared with traditional preparation methods
Smelting time 56%, saves electric energy 72%, and melting loss of elements amount reduces by 68%, substantially increases intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
The method preparation 400kgAl-10Si-4Fe intermediate alloy being prepared as described above is saved compared with traditional preparation methods
Smelting time 63%, saves electric energy 73%, and melting loss of elements amount reduces by 76%, substantially increases intermediate alloy ingredient accuracy.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above, and the technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention
Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention, the claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its equivalent circle
It is fixed.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of the Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: crucible is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, by configured thermite, silico briquette, aluminium block successively according under
Sequence up is laid in crucible；
Step 2: being passed through recirculated cooling water into radio-frequency induction coil, start HF induction heating apparatus heating crucible, generation
It is heated at high temperature thermite, triggers thermit reaction, the high temperature melting that thermit reaction generates is in the silico briquette of middle layer, re-melting aluminium
Block；
Step 3: continuing to be heated to material melts all in crucible, and molten in the covering of the surface of melt during melting
Agent, the flux include the following components'mass percentage: 30%~40%NaCl, 50%~60% KCl, 1%~10% Na3AlF6、
1%~10% CaF2, continue to keep the temperature 5min after mixing evenly, can cast to form the intermediate alloy of different dimensions.
2. a kind of preparation method of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction according to claim 1, feature
Be: the crucible is high temperature resistant graphite crucible.
3. a kind of preparation method of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction according to claim 1, feature
Be: the thermite includes Fe2O3Powder and Al powder.
4. a kind of preparation method of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is: the Fe in the thermite2O3Powder Particle Size is 30~60 mesh, and the Al Powder Particle Size in the thermite is 30~60 mesh.
5. a kind of preparation method of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction according to claim 1, feature
Be: the silico briquette, aluminium block size be greater than thermite size.
6. a kind of preparation method of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy based on thermit reaction according to claim 1, feature
Be: for preparation Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy using thermit reaction device, the thermit reaction device includes crucible, high frequency sense
Coil is answered, the crucible is set in inside radio-frequency induction coil, is set gradually from top to bottom in the inner cavity of the crucible as aluminothermy
Agent, silico briquette, aluminium block.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112410777A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 山东国铭球墨铸管科技有限公司 | Composite functional layer on inner surface of nodular cast iron pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN113264660A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-17 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Method and apparatus for melting glass |
| CN113421681A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radioactive waste treatment system and melting method thereof |
| CN113502395A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-15 | 广西大学 | Method for preparing aluminum-yttrium rare earth intermediate alloy by aluminothermic reduction method |
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Application publication date: 20190531 |