CN107475545A - A kind of method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon - Google Patents
A kind of method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon Download PDFInfo
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- CN107475545A CN107475545A CN201710741886.9A CN201710741886A CN107475545A CN 107475545 A CN107475545 A CN 107475545A CN 201710741886 A CN201710741886 A CN 201710741886A CN 107475545 A CN107475545 A CN 107475545A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of aluminum alloys, and in particular to a kind of method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon.Comprise the following steps that 1, smelting equipment and melting instrument prepare；2nd, charging fusing；3rd, crystal grain refinement is handled；4th, Metamorphism treatment；5th, the refining of aluminium alloy, degassing processing；The present invention is set by using suitable furnace charge Adding Way, rational smelting parameter, realize industrial silicon and directly found cast aluminium alloy gold, in the case where not reducing performance, the process that is added with aluminium silicon intermediate alloy of substitution silicon, achieving reduces labor intensity, the beneficial effect of the saving energy.Checking is examined by the production practices of thousands of heat products, preferably meets requirement, and material property is stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of aluminum alloys, and in particular to a kind of side that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon
Method.
Background technology
Cast aluminium alloy gold, because of the features such as its density is small, specific strength is high, is widely used in navigating as traditional metal material
The industries such as sky, space flight, automobile, machinery.In cast aluminium alloy gold, Al-Si systems alloy is because having good casting character, i.e. mobility
Well, shrinkage factor is small, and hot tearing sensitiveness is low in addition, and mechanical property is good, is one of the cast aluminium alloy gold that kind is most, purposes is most wide.
This is in alloy, and silicon (Si) content is 4% -22%, is main adding elements.Generally when founding Al-Si systems casting alloy,
The addition manner of silicon is to add (first to found aluminium and silicon, produce and close among aluminium silicon in the form of aluminium silicon intermediate alloy
Gold, it is used further to founding for casting alloy).Due in aluminium silicon binary alloy, silicone content easily forms eutectic in 11%-14% scopes
Or nearly eutectic structure, being evenly distributed for silicon and aluminium, it thus be accordingly used in the aluminium silicon intermediate alloy of casting alloy, in the name of composition
AlSi12A situation is in the majority.By taking conventional Zl114A as an example, per 1 ton of casting alloy of melting, it is necessary to add AlSi12A intermediate alloys
About 0.6 ton, the amount for adding intermediate alloy is big.Therefore, it is necessary to put into substantial amounts of manpower, the energy carries out middle conjunction in actual production
Gold is founded.The present invention directly founds cast aluminium alloy gold using industrial silicon, substantially reduces the labor intensity of operating personnel, effectively section
The about energy.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of side that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly founded using industrial silicon
Method, compared with tradition uses the method for aluminium silicon intermediate alloy, on the premise of melting quality same with addition intermediate alloy is obtained,
The effectively save energy, reduce the labor intensity of operating personnel.Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon, is comprised the following steps：
(1) smelting equipment and melting instrument prepare
Smelting equipment and melting instrument should be cleaned out before, and sprayed coating is dried, and coating precipitates carbonic acid by industry
Calcium, zinc oxide, industrial metasilicate and water composition；
(2) charging fusing
The aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass 20% is loaded crucible bottom, it is 10mm~30mm that industrial silicon is broken into granularity, is loaded
Crucible, then it is preheated with stove above by the compact dress of 50% aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass, heating fusing, in temperature up to 760 DEG C~790
DEG C when be incubated 15min~30min, until silicon all melt, forbid stirring when industrial silicon is not completely melt, if there is silicon floating,
Silico briquette should be pressed into alloy molten solution with bell jar in time, slowly circumferentially agitation makes its fusing, in case industrial silicon is exposed in alloy
Liquid surface forms dystectic silicon oxide film；Industrial silicon all after fusing, adds foundry returns and remaining 30% preheated aluminium
Ingot, if needing to add aluminium beryllium alloy in alloy, now also add in the lump, stir 4min~6min after metal all fusing, treat
Aluminium alloy temperature adds remaining alloying element at 690 DEG C~710 DEG C；
(3) crystal grain refinement is handled
Alloy temperature adds Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy at 715 DEG C~730 DEG C in aluminium alloy, and titanium accounts for total quality of furnace charge
Fraction 0.15%~0.2% carries out micronization processes；
(4) Metamorphism treatment
Gone bad with strontium, added in the form of aluminium-strontium master alloy, accounted for the 0.02%~0.06% of weight metal with strontium amount, use
Before be put in prewarming baking by crucible, if alloy property meets technical requirements, Metamorphism treatment can not be carried out to aluminium alloy；
(5) refining of aluminium alloy, degassing processing
Aluminium alloy is refined using rotary blowing high-purity argon gas method, degassing processing.
Beneficial effect
In Alar, the smelting temperature of aluminium is typically at 700 DEG C or so, and the fusing point of silicon is about 1410 DEG C, the institute of silicon
It is by means of diffusion principle that can be melted in aluminum melt, silicon atom is fused in aluminum melt at high temperature, forms melt.
In actual production, often because method of smelting is improper, during melting and casting aluminium alloy direct using industrial silicon, silicon dreg defect is easily caused,
Therefore general silicon is added in the form of aluminium silicon intermediate alloy.The present invention melts by using suitable furnace charge Adding Way, reasonably
Parameter setting is refined, industrial silicon is realized and directly founds cast aluminium alloy gold, in the case where not reducing performance, substitution silicon is with aluminium silicon
Between alloy add process, achieve reduce labor intensity, save the energy beneficial effect.Pass through thousands of heat products
Production practices examination checking, preferably meets requirement, and material property is stable.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon, is comprised the following steps:
(1) main raw material(s)
Main material is made up of the aluminium ingot and industrial silicon of known chemical composition, and specific requirement conforms generally to the regulation of table 1.Table
1 main raw material(s)
(2) preparation of smelting equipment and melting instrument
Smelting equipment uses electrical crucible.Crucible typically uses cast-iron pot, it is also possible to graphite crucible, cast steel (or steel
Plate weld) crucible.Melting instrument includes mould ingot, casting ladle, stirring spoon etc..It should be cleared up before smelting equipment and melting instrument use dry
Only, and sprayed coating is dried.Coating is made up of industrial winnofil, zinc oxide, industrial metasilicate and water.Coating formula can join
According to table 2.
The coating formula of table 2
(3) charging fusing
The aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass 20% is loaded crucible bottom, it is 10mm~30mm that industrial silicon is broken into granularity, is loaded
Crucible, then by the compact dress of 50% aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass, it is preheated with stove above, heating fusing.In temperature up to 760 DEG C~790
DEG C when be incubated 15min~30min, until silicon all melt, forbid stirring when industrial silicon is not completely melt, if there is silicon floating,
Silico briquette should be pressed into alloy molten solution with bell jar in time, slowly circumferentially agitation makes its fusing, in case industrial silicon is exposed in alloy
Liquid surface forms dystectic silicon oxide film；
Industrial silicon all after fusing, adds foundry returns and remaining 30% preheated aluminium ingot, if needing to add in alloy
Aluminium beryllium alloy, is now also added in the lump, and 4min~6min is stirred after metal all fusing.
When aluminium alloy temperature is at 690 DEG C~710 DEG C, remaining alloying element is added.
(4) melt treatment of alloy
1. crystal grain refinement is handled
Alloy temperature adds Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and refined to first crystallizing aluminium base tissue at 715 DEG C~730 DEG C,
The mass fraction that titanium accounts for total furnace charge is 0.15%~0.2%, after Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy fusing, stirs 2min~4min.
2. Metamorphism treatment
When temperature is 720 DEG C~740 DEG C, adds aluminium-strontium master alloy and Metamorphism treatment is carried out to Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys, make silicon by piece
Shape pattern is changed into granular, bar-shaped, to improve the performance of material.Strontium addition accounts for the 0.02%~0.04% of total furnace charge, treats aluminium strontium
After intermediate alloy fusing, 2min~4min is stirred.The oxide-film for destroying alloy liquid level is not allowed during stirring.Allow secondary metamorphic.
Aluminium alloy completes cast after Metamorphism treatment in 3h, otherwise also need to carry out Metamorphism treatment.
3. degassing processing
At 700 DEG C~730 DEG C, degasification, purified treatment are carried out to aluminium alloy using rotary blowing argon gas, during rotary blowing
Between typically in 12min~30min, the specific time because ambient humidity is adjusted, ambient air humidity it is bigger, it is necessary to degasification when
Between it is longer.
After rotary blowing terminates, coverture uniform fold should be made on whole aluminium alloy surface to prevent alloy air-breathing, oxidation.
If adding aluminium beryllium alloy, coverture can be not added with.5min~20min is stood to alloy molten solution, skimmed, is poured into a mould.
(5) alloy melting quality inspection
1. degassing effect detects
Allow sample to solidify under negative pressure, measure its density equivalent, density equivalent≤2.0DI represents that degasification is qualified.
2. stokehold checks fracture
Stokehold fracture examination pours into a mould wedge-shaped flat sample, stokehold fracture inspection is carried out according to table 3 to judge modification effect
Test.
The ZL114A alloy modifications of table 3 are examined
(6) pour into a mould
After casting mold gets togather case, alloy temperature is adjusted to casting pouring temperature, removes liquid level slag, can be poured into a mould.
Pour into a mould chemical composition test sample and mechanical property sample simultaneously.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method that aluminium silicon systems casting alloy is directly prepared using industrial silicon, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) smelting equipment and melting instrument prepareSmelting equipment and melting instrument should be cleaned out before, and sprayed coating is dried, and coating is by industrial winnofil, oxygen Change zinc, industrial metasilicate and water composition；(2) charging fusingThe aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass 20% is loaded crucible bottom, it is 10mm~30mm that industrial silicon is broken into granularity, loads crucible, By the compact dress of 50% aluminium ingot for accounting for gross mass, it is preheated with stove above again, heating fusing, when temperature is up to 760 DEG C~790 DEG C Be incubated 15min~30min, until silicon all melt, forbid stirring when industrial silicon is not completely melt, if there is silicon floating, should and When with bell jar by silico briquette be pressed into alloy molten solution in, slowly circumferentially agitation make its fusing, avoid industrial silicon exposed in aluminium alloy table Face forms dystectic silicon oxide film；Industrial silicon all after fusing, adds foundry returns and remaining 30% preheated aluminium ingot, if Need to add aluminium beryllium alloy in alloy, now also add in the lump, stir 4min~6min after metal all fusing, treat aluminium alloy Temperature adds remaining alloying element at 690 DEG C~710 DEG C；(3) crystal grain refinement is handledAlloy temperature adds Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy at 715 DEG C~730 DEG C in aluminium alloy, and titanium accounts for total quality of furnace charge fraction 0.15%~0.2% carries out micronization processes；(4) Metamorphism treatmentGone bad with strontium, added in the form of aluminium-strontium master alloy, the 0.02%~0.06% of weight metal is accounted for strontium amount, with before putting The prewarming baking by crucible, if alloy property meets technical requirements, Metamorphism treatment can not be carried out to aluminium alloy；(5) aluminium alloy is refined using rotary blowing high-purity argon gas method, degassing processing.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109825727A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-31 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction |
| CN112296313A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-02 | 合肥工业大学 | Lightweight manufacturing method of cast aluminum anti-collision beam assembly |
| CN112708793A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 烟台路通精密科技股份有限公司 | Method for smelting cast aluminum-silicon alloy ingredients |
| CN112899533A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江旺盛动力机电有限公司 | Smelting method of ZL114A alloy |
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| CN1958818A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-09 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Method for melting cast aluminum alloy |
| CN104195383A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-10 | 天津立中合金集团有限公司 | Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy material for all-aluminum engine of high-grade car and preparation method of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy material |
| CN104233015A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-24 | 机械科学研究总院（将乐）半固态技术研究所有限公司 | High-strength/toughness aluminum alloy brake drum and preparation method thereof |
| CN106148744A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2016-11-23 | 沈阳市东盛金属制品有限公司 | A kind of method of Casting Al-Si intermediate alloy, smelting furnace and using method |
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| CN1730698A (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2006-02-08 | 山东大学 | Aluminium-silicon-copper-magnesium pack alloy and its preparing process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109825727A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-31 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | A kind of Al-Si-Fe intermediate alloy preparation method based on thermit reaction |
| CN112296313A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-02 | 合肥工业大学 | Lightweight manufacturing method of cast aluminum anti-collision beam assembly |
| CN112708793A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 烟台路通精密科技股份有限公司 | Method for smelting cast aluminum-silicon alloy ingredients |
| CN112899533A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江旺盛动力机电有限公司 | Smelting method of ZL114A alloy |
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