CN109824429A - A kind of mild chemical modifying conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil is applicable - Google Patents
A kind of mild chemical modifying conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil is applicable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of mild chemical modifying conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof that salt-soda soil is applicable, it is made of internal layer and coating layer, wherein interior layer component is respectively 40 ~ 50 parts of ardealite, 15 ~ 20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20 ~ 25 parts of humic acid, 10 ~ 15 parts and 5 ~ 8 parts of polyethylene glycol of maize cob meal in parts by mass；The group of coating layer is divided into water soluble polymer polyacrylamide, and mass fraction is 0.08 ~ 0.12 times of internal layer mixed system quality.The present invention solves a series of realistic problems such as alkaline land soil desalination process is slow, desalination processes alkalization trend is obvious, prior art function and effect are slow, the period is long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to saline and alkaline obstacle farmland Treatment process fields, are related to a kind of salinization of soil improvement conditioner, especially
It is related to a kind of mild chemical modifying conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof that different obstacle degree salt-soda soils are applicable.
Background technique
The salinization of soil and Secondary Saline are one of current China or even the main problem of world's soil degradation.China's salt
Stain soil resource is distributed widely in 17 provinces and regions based on the north, northwest, northeast, North China and it is coastal etc. be China's salinized soil master
Integrated distribution region is wanted, for the gross area up to more than 500,000,000 mus, nearly the 5% of land area can be utilized by accounting for the whole nation.Salt-soda soil is potential as China
Reserve land resources, have huge agricultural productive force room for promotion, administer to realize China plough " dilatation, upgrading, increasing
Effect " has strategic importance；Meanwhile salt-soda soil is distributed mainly on the main ecological protective screen area of northern China and the extra large land of East Coastal and hands over
Wrong area repairs to China's Ecological Civilization Construction is promoted, provides high-quality ecological product, it is growing constantly to meet the people
Graceful ecological environment needs, and has important and real meaning.
It is that the Saline-alkali Field Control being concerned in recent years utilizes new method that agronomy conditioning, which is improved the soil, with hydraulic engineering measure phase
Than this method has low in cost, easy to operate, Bian Gailiang lateral dominance advantage.200810017565.5 disclosure of Chinese patent
A kind of high activity biological water-retention saline alkali soil modifier, by plant straw powder, humic acid, water-retaining agent, urea, gypsum, high living
Property biological agent, sodium ion adsorbent with mix in certain proportion and be added binder granulation acquisition.Chinese patent
01136114.X discloses a kind of pH that can fast and effeciently reduce salinized soil being formulated using a variety of composite materials
Value and harmful salinity simultaneously can improve new and improved dose of the soil texture and fertility.Chinese patent 201210286131.1 discloses one
Kind is by fish aquatic products processing waste powder, conch meal, straw powder, diatomite, high-activity biological preparation, medical stone powder according to certain
The saline-alkali soil conditioner that ratio is prepared.Chinese patent 01140293.8 discloses a kind of hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride and water according to one
Saline-alkali soil conditioner made of fixed proportion.Chinese patent 201610319555.1 discloses a kind of alkaline land soil chemistry and changes
Good dose and modification method, by siliceous petrochemical industry powder, biochemical fulvic acid, organic milk, comprehensive microelement, the composition such as ferrous sulfate.
Chinese patent 201711455481.5 discloses a kind of alkaline land soil chemical improvement agent that effect at low cost is good and its user
Method, by ardealite, langbeinite, zeolite, furfural dregs, pyrite, the composition such as industrial waste acid and calcium chloride can quickly reduce soil
The sodium basicity and pH value of earth.
From the point of view of the case where above intellectual property is reacted, pass through for the modifying agent main method of Saline-alkali Field Control reparation
Free calcium ions displacement soil colloid sodium ion, realizing reduces soil salt and pH, but existing modifying agent complicated components and presence
Secondary harm, while existing modifying agent pays close attention to not enough functioning efficiency, causes release and reaction process slow, Saline-alkali Field Control week
Phase length, low efficiency.Modifying agent component is had no while being paid close attention to, reaction rate is improved, has both substitutional ion and physics improving soil
Mild chemical modifying conditioner.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of solution: the present invention is slow for alkaline land soil desalination process, desalination processes alkalization trend is obvious,
A series of realistic problems such as prior art function and effect are slow, the period is long are developed a kind of mild chemistry that salt-soda soil is applicable and are changed
Good conditioner and its preparation and application method.
Technical solution: a kind of mild chemical modifying conditioner that salt-soda soil is applicable is made of internal layer and coating layer, wherein
Interior layer component is respectively 40~50 parts of ardealite, 15~20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20~25 parts of humic acid, maize cob meal in parts by mass
10~15 parts and 5~8 parts of polyethylene glycol；The group of coating layer is divided into water soluble polymer polyacrylamide, and mass fraction is internal layer
0.08~0.12 times of mixed system quality.
Preferably, the CaSO of above-mentioned ardealite4·2H2O >=80wt.%, pH value is between 2~4, water content≤15wt.%,
Partial size≤0.3mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned aluminum sulfate active principle content >=15wt.%, partial size≤0.3mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned humic acid is free of sodium ion, chloride ion, organic matter >=90wt.%, water content≤15wt.%, grain
Diameter 0.1-0.3mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned maize cob meal is that corn is sloughed the cob after seed and ground and sieves with 100 mesh sieve, water content 3~
5wt.%.
Preferably, above-mentioned polyethylene glycol be PEG400, colourless viscous liquid, average molecular weight 380~420, pH value 4~7,
Content >=99wt.%, water content≤0.5wt.%.
Preferably, above-mentioned water soluble polymer polyacrylamide is formed by acrylamide homopolymerization, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve, molecular weight
≤500×104, active principle content >=98.5wt.%.
The preparation method of the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil, step are as follows: 1. raw material mixes: by phosphorus stone
Cream, aluminum sulfate, humic acid, maize cob meal, polyethylene glycol are matched according to above-mentioned raw materials and are mixed, stir evenly, and add water to adjust aqueous
It measures to 10~15wt.% of total weight of the mixture；It is granulated 2. mixture is put into granulating disc, 1~3mm of particle diameter；
3. the particle of step 2. is put into coating machine, water soluble polymer polyacrylamide being added and carries out coating, membrane wrapping thickness is 30~
50 microns.
Application of the chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil.
Above-mentioned concrete application method are as follows: in Dry Farmland application: soil salt content < 2g/kg slight alkaline land dosage
50-100kg/ mus, 100~200kg/ mus of moderate saline-alkali soil dosage of 2~4g/kg of soil salt content, salt content > 4g/kg soil weight
200~400kg/ mus of salt-soda soil dosage of degree；Under the conditions of identical soil salt content, amount ratio autumn sowing summer sowing season, dosage season is high by 30
~50kg/ mus；It is using rotary cultivator that chemical modifying conditioner and 0-20cm is native after chemical modifying conditioner is uniformly manured into soil
Earth is uniformly mixed, and then mechanical high ridge of having ditched, is planted on furrow；When paddy field is applied: soil salt content < 2g/kg is slight salt
Alkali 50-100kg/ mus of dosage, 100~300kg/ mus of moderate saline-alkali soil dosage of 2~4g/kg of soil salt content, salt content > 4g/
300~500kg/ of dosage mus of kg soil heavy salinized ground；Chemical modifying conditioner is uniformly manured into soil, will be changed using rotary cultivator
Good conditioner is uniformly mixed with 0-20cm soil, is poured water and is kept 10~15cm of flooding depth, arranges surface pond after 3~5 days
Out, it then plants.
The effect of main component:
Ardealite is a kind of acidic by-products, pH < 4, main component CaSO4·2H2O, the Ca in ardealite2+With soil
Middle exchange state Na+Replacement reaction occurs, the sodium sulphate of formation is eluted with water to be discharged, and enhances soil salt discharge, while can promote soil
Flocculation, water penetration are more preferable, and sufficient calcium and element sulphur are also provided for crop；
Aluminum sulfate is both sexes aluminium, weakly acidic, adjustable soil pH after hydrolysis, and aluminium element is that soil is converted by alkalinity
For acid essential element.Aluminium ion hydrolyzes to form monomer aluminium ion simultaneously or polymer aluminium promotes soil colloid flocks and micelle
The formation of aggressiveness increases permeability and retentiveness, increases voidage, reduces bulk density.
Humic acid adjusts soil pH, neutralizes alkalinity, and the nutrient in activating soil and fertilizer changes the soil property knot in salt-soda soil
Structure destroys the condition that salinity rises along capillary porosity moisture；Humic acid is a kind of good ion-exchanger, to Na+、Cl-Have very
Strong suction-operated；It can increase soil organic matter content simultaneously, be changed to plant growth and certain nutrient is provided.
Maize cob meal can contain the substances such as sugar, thick protein, crude fat and crude fibre, in the soil with chesson
Humification occurs and generates humus oxygen-containing functional group containing there are many, such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group and alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, and then increases soil
Adsorption capacity, and provide substrate for indigenous microorganism activity in soil, promote microbial assimilation fixing soil nutrient.
Polyethylene glycol is a kind of environmental-friendly, good dispersing agent of water soluble disperse system, can be in the soil of certain water content
Fater disintegration in earth, and suspended liquid status is presented, promote contact of the improvement conditioner particle with soil colloid, accelerates chemical generation
It changes, the rate of neutralization reaction, promotes the efficiency that desalination changes alkali.
High polymer polyacrylamide be in, the acrylamide polymers of small-molecular-weight, good water solubility can improve big in soil
Aggregate total amount improves the pore property of saline-alkali soil, improves soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, inhibits soil evaporation and the accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Ardealite, aluminum sulfate, humic acid, maize cob meal, polyethylene glycol optimum organization, are sufficiently stirred mixed in above-mentioned material
It is even, water soluble polymer polyacrylamide coating is added after granulation and obtains.Improvement conditioning combines the rainfall or irrigation in rainy season
Salt, which is controlled, with acceleration changes alkali, the resultant effect of quick improvement fertilizing.
The utility model has the advantages that (1) quickly controls salt and changes alkali.Replacement occurs with sodium ion in salt affected soil to react, while production can be hydrolyzed
Raw acid neutralizes carbonate, bicarbonate ion in salt affected soil, and process is mild and environmental-friendly.Pass through biology, micro- life with tradition
Object means are compared, and desalination changes alkali significant effect, the progress faster of Saline-alkali Field Control, and effect duration is long.
(2) organic cultivation is improved the soil.Improve soil physical and chemical property, improve Soil ventilation water permeable ability and cushion performance, increases
The nutrient contents such as the soil organism and N P and K, and containing substances such as sugar, thick protein in component, it is micro- to promote original inhabitants in soil
The activity of biology reduces the mineralising and leaching loss of nutrient, and soil nutrient storage capacity is promoted to be promoted.
(3) improvement efficiency is promoted.With quick dissolution, release and divergent function, accelerate improvement conditioner in the molten of soil
Xie Xingyu diffusivity, improve improvement colloidal powder dispersibility and its with the contact area of soil and replacement reaction rate, overcome
The defects of existing modifying agent dissolubility is poor, reaction is slow, improves the efficiency of Saline-alkali Field Control reparation.
(4) improve physical structure.The improvement conditioner good water solubility can quickly improve water-stable aggregate, increase hole
Degree, improves water retention in soil and nutrient protects accumulation of energy power, reduces soil evaporation and inhibits the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
(5) applied widely.The improvement conditioner manufacturing process is simple, at low cost, quick, effect stability and be suitble to
Mechanized operation is applied with fertilizer distributor can be used after the fertilizers are mixed, is applicable not only to the RS in Alkali Region of water resource relative abundance, and
All there is comparable applicability in arid, the Large-Sized Irrigation Districts of semiarid region, Oasis Agricultural District, cross region between farmland and grassland.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 vibrate every time after the completion of supernatant conductivity and pH variation schematic diagram, a is conductivity variations；B is pH change
Change, embodiment 1 is shown in each recipe ingredient for improveing conditioner and preparation.
Different improvement conditioners handle soil salt, Na under the conditions of Fig. 2 elution+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO4 2-Accumulation wash out amount
Schematic diagram.Embodiment 2 is shown in the recipe ingredient of each improvement conditioner and preparation；Wherein a is control；B is improvement adjustment agent A；C is to change
Good adjustment agent B；D is improvement adjustment agent C；E is improvement adjustment agent D；
Different improvement conditioner processing soil salts are illustrated with the accumulative removal rate (%) of leacheate under the conditions of Fig. 3 elution
Figure.Embodiment 2 is shown in the recipe ingredient of each improvement conditioner and preparation；
Fig. 4 illustrates before applying different amounts improvement conditioner plantation heavy salinizedly with section soil salt content after harvest
Figure.Before wherein a is plantation, b is after planting, and embodiment 3 is shown in each recipe ingredient for improveing conditioner and preparation；
Topsoil soils water-stable aggregate content is illustrated Fig. 5 applies different amounts improvement conditioner harvest heavy salinizedly after
Figure.Embodiment 3 is shown in the recipe ingredient of each improvement conditioner and preparation；
Fig. 6 moderate saline-alkali soil applies different amounts and improves conditioner Periods of Duration In Barley topsoil soils salinity, pH dynamic change
Schematic diagram.Wherein a is soil salt balance figure, and b is pH dynamic change figure, and reality is shown in each recipe ingredient for improveing conditioner and preparation
Apply example 4.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment below is to further explanation of the invention, and it is not intended that the contents of the present invention are only limitted to be lifted
The range of example.
Embodiment 1:
The newly-ploughed beach in strand is heavy salinizedly.Test 0~20cm of plot soil salt content is 4.3~7.8g/kg, belongs to severe
Salt-soda soil, pH 9.17, the content of organic matter 1.96g/kg, full nitrogen 0.19g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 23.44mg/kg, available phosphorus are
5.51mg/kg, available potassium 307.28mg/kg.Place: coastal economy area, Dongtai City strip mud reclamation area is located at Jiangsu Province's salt city east
In the middle part of the platform city port Jianggang town, enclosed tideland for cultivation to be formed in 2013, in October, 2015 starts agricultural planting.It is low in June, 2016 acquisition east
Beach position 0-20cm topsoil sample, as simulating lab test soil, test period is in July, 2016~2016 year August.
It is divided into 5.5g/kg, pH 9.08, content of organic matter 1.75g/kg, total nitrogen content 0.17g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen for examination soil average salt
Content 21.73mg/kg, the soil texture are sandy loam.
Prepare 3 kinds of improvement conditioning agent prescriptions, respectively P1, P2 and P3.Main implementation link is as follows:
(1) preparation for improveing conditioner P1, by mass parts: by 25 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 33 parts of humic acid are beautiful
24 parts of powder of core mixing of rice, stir evenly.
(2) preparation for improveing conditioner P2, by mass parts: by 45 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 23 parts of humic acid are beautiful
14 parts of powder of core of rice, stirs evenly.
(3) preparation for improveing conditioner P3, by mass parts: by 65 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10 parts of humic acid are beautiful
7 parts of powder of core mixing of rice, stir evenly.
(5) Static Adsorption is tested: acquisition 50g dry ground is added in triangular flask, is separately added into the above-mentioned improvement conditioner of 5g, and press
250mL deionized water is added according to 1:5 Tu Shui ratio (g/mL), is placed in constant-temperature table cabinet and is vibrated with freshness protection package sealing, every oscillation 1
Hour after stands 30 minutes, measurement supernatant measure conductivity, during test resonance swing 5 times, measure 5 supernatant conductivity with
PH, last time acquire supernatant and measure Na+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO4 2-Concentration calculates soil Main Salts ion leaching content.
Totally 4 processing, each processing are repeated 3 times for experiment.
Supernatant conductivity is measured after oscillation every time, measures supernatant conductivity, pH, Na after the completion of Staticadsorption experiment+、
Ca2+、Cl-、SO4 2-Concentration (embodiment the result is shown in Figure 1 and table 1).Compared with the control, after improvement conditioner P1, P2, P3 application, on
Clear liquid conductivity is all remarkably higher than control, shows to improve the dissolution that conditioner promotes soil salt ion, P2 and P3 effect is best,
And improve the dissolution that ardealite component can not be obviously improved soil salt；The ion composition dissolved out from soil salt, improvement
Conditioner P1, P2, P3 significantly reduce supernatant pH, each to improve in conditioner component, with the increase of ardealite component ratio,
Na+And Cl-Concentration first increases keeps basicly stable, Ca afterwards2+And SO4 2-Then continue to increase, shows that ardealite substitutional ion reacts
Have reached saturation.All in all, improvement conditioner P2 is most economical in terms of salt reduction solodization, and effect is best, is changing of optimizing the most
Good conditioner component.
Supernatant Na after table 1 vibrates+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO4 2-Concentration.Reality is shown in the recipe ingredient of each improvement conditioner and preparation
Apply example 1
Embodiment 2:
The newly-ploughed beach in strand is heavy salinizedly.Test 0~20cm of plot soil salt content is 4.3~7.8g/kg, belongs to severe
Salt-soda soil, pH 9.17, the content of organic matter 1.96g/kg, full nitrogen 0.19g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 23.44mg/kg, available phosphorus are
5.51mg/kg, available potassium 307.28mg/kg.Place: coastal economy area, Dongtai City strip mud reclamation area is located at Jiangsu Province's salt city east
In the middle part of the platform city port Jianggang town, enclosed tideland for cultivation to be formed in 2013, in October, 2015 starts agricultural planting.It is low in June, 2016 acquisition east
Beach position 0-20cm topsoil sample elutes experiment soil as indoor soil-column, and test period is in September, 2016~2016 year
October.It is divided into 5.5g/kg, pH 9.08, content of organic matter 1.75g/kg, total nitrogen content 0.17g/kg for examination soil average salt,
Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 21.73mg/kg, the soil texture are sandy loam.
Prepare 4 kinds of improvement conditioning agent prescriptions, respectively A, B, C and D.Main implementation link is as follows:
(1) preparation for improveing conditioner A, by mass parts: 1. by 44 parts of ardealite, 17 parts of aluminum sulfate, 21 parts of humic acid are beautiful
12 parts of powder of core of rice, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol mixing, stirs evenly, and water is added to adjust the 13wt.% of water content to total weight of the mixture；②
Mixture is put into granulating disc and is granulated, particle diameter 2mm；3. the particle of step 2. is put into coating machine, it is added 10 parts
Water soluble polymer polyacrylamide progress coating, 40 microns of membrane wrapping thickness.Improvement conditioner A is the component that the present invention recommends.
(2) preparation for improveing conditioner B, by mass parts: 1. by 44 parts of ardealite, 17 parts of aluminum sulfate, 21 parts of humic acid are beautiful
12 parts of powder of core of rice, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol mixing, stirs evenly, and water is added to adjust the 13wt.% of water content to total weight of the mixture；②
Mixture is put into granulating disc and is granulated, particle diameter 2mm.Conditioner B is improved without water-soluble polyacrylamide coating.
(3) preparation for improveing conditioner C, by mass parts: 1. by 45 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 23 parts of humic acid are beautiful
14 parts of powder of core mixing of rice, stir evenly, water are added to adjust the 13wt.% of water content to total weight of the mixture；2. mixture is put into
It is granulated in granulating disc, particle diameter 2mm；3. the particle of step 2. is put into coating machine, 10 parts of water soluble polymers are added
Polyacrylamide progress coating, 40 microns of membrane wrapping thickness.Conditioner C is improved without polyethylene glycol component.
(4) preparation for improveing conditioner D, by mass parts: 1. by 45 parts of ardealite, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 23 parts of humic acid are beautiful
14 parts of powder of core mixing of rice, stir evenly, water are added to adjust the 13wt.% of water content to total weight of the mixture；2. mixture is put into
It is granulated in granulating disc, particle diameter 2mm.Conditioner D is improved without polyethylene glycol component and water-soluble polyacrylamide coating.
(5) earth pillar is filled: using earth pillar washing tests mode, earth pillar is the organic glass of cylindrical type of high 50cm, internal diameter 15cm
Glass column.Depth of fill 30cm, lowest level 5cm are filtering layer, fill quartz sand to accelerate the exudation of leaching liquor, the 15cm of the top is used
In addition and storage leacheate.Firstly, each earth pillar is according to volume mass 1.4g/cm3Load the soil sample 7.42kg (depth of fill
30cm).During actually banketing, 15cm height of banketing first (3.71kg soil), by each improvement conditioner of preparation and residue
Banket 15cm again after the mixing of 3.71kg soil.It is horizontal according to heavy salinized ground 450kg/ mus of dosage, by changing for the above-mentioned preparation of 12g
Good conditioner A, B, C, D and 3.71kg soil bankets 15cm (condition is spread fertilizer over the fields in simulation) after mixing, while not add any improvement
Conditioner amounts to 5 processing as control (only banket 30cm), and each processing is repeated 3 times, totally 15 earth pillars.
(6) elution experiment: after the completion of earth pillar filling, slowly plus water adjusts soil moisture content to 75% field capacity, soil
Column surface covers preservative film to keep moisture, unlocks preservative film after 5 days, is separately added into 5.3L distilled water (phase at the top of each earth pillar
When being added three times in 30cm irrigation quantity, each 10cm), it is collected simultaneously effusion.The acquisition of effusion is by every collection 300mL
Once, No. 10 meter 3000mL effusions are collected in test duration 8 days altogether.
Measure salinity and Na in effusion+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO4 2-Ion concentration, and calculate accumulative wash out amount；Elution
After the test, according to 0-15cm and 15-30cm points of two layers of pedotheques taken out in earth pillar, soil salt, pH, alkalization are measured
Spend ESP, cation exchange capacity (CEC) CEC (embodiment result is shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 3 and table 2).Compared with the control, improvement conditioner A, B, C is answered
It is below control with rear soil salt, reduces by 23.25%, 6.64% and 9.23% respectively, wherein soil after improvement conditioner D application
Earth salinity is higher by 12.18% than compareing, this is mainly that the improvement conditioner application introduces a certain amount of Ca2+、SO4 2-Ion, but change
After leaching salt amount four kinds of improvement conditioners application of good conditioner A, B, C, soil pH and basicity ESP are remarkably decreased, and sun from
Sub- exchange capacity CEC has different degrees of raising.All in all, polyethylene glycol and water-soluble polyacrylamide are in terms of salt reduction solodization
With certain effect, the salt leaching efficiency highest of conditioner A processing is improved, reduce soil pH, ESP and improves soil CEC's
Effect is best, is the improvement conditioner recipe ingredient optimized the most.
Earth pillar 0~15,15~30cm soil layer soil salt, pH, CEC and ESP content after table 2 elutes.Each improvement conditioner
Recipe ingredient and preparation see embodiment 2
Embodiment 3:
The heavy salinized obstacle arable land of Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia.Plot topsoil 0-20cm soil salt 4.2-9.6g/kg is tested,
PH is 8.23-8.57, average content of organic matter 7.28-11.51g/kg, full nitrogen 0.37-0.62g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 26.9-
45.3mg/kg, available phosphorus 7.44-13.95mg/kg, available potassium 148.6-196.7mg/kg, the soil texture are clay loam and powder
Sand clay loam.Place: Baya ur, NeiMengGu city, the Shandao Bridge town village Cheng Ni, Hangjin Rear Banner, test period are in May, 2017-2017
October in year.For studying object as food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, kind SH361.Main implementation link is as follows:
(1) preparation of conditioner is improved: 1. by 44 parts of ardealite, 17 parts of aluminum sulfate, 21 parts of humic acid, maize cob meal 12
Part, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol mixing stir evenly, water are added to adjust the 13wt.% of water content to total weight of the mixture；2. by mixture
It is put into granulating disc and is granulated, particle diameter 2mm；3. the particle of step 2. is put into coating machine, 10 parts of high water solubilities are added
Molecular polypropylene amide progress coating, 40 microns of membrane wrapping thickness.
(2) improve the application of conditioner: on April 22nd, 2017, improvement conditioner item being manured into soil, manually plough by
Itself and topsoil soils mix, and are arranged 4 dosage levels, and respectively 100,200,300 and 400kg/ mus.Using row replacement mode, item
Wide 50cm, wide row spacing 1.4m, narrow row spacing 0.8m are consistent with food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers plantation specification.After improveing conditioner application mixing, cover
Film, and experimental field started draw yellow spring irrigation April 25, it irrigates 2 times, the total 400mm of irrigation quantity.Base manure was applied in 21 May
Enter each microcell and eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers in beginning program request on May 27.
Respectively processing such as is at the nitrogen quantity processing in food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers breeding time.It is specific as follows:
CK (general planting), M1 (general planting improves conditioner 100kg/ mus), (general planting improves conditioner to M2
200kg/ mus), M3 (general planting, improve conditioner 300kg/ mu), M4 (general planting, conditioner 400kg/ mus of improvement)
Using micro-plot experiment mode, each processing is repeated 3 times, each to repeat 48m2(test microcell specification 4m × 12m), is adopted
Use random alignment.Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers kind SH361, each 4 film of microcell are eaten, a film duplicate rows eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers spacing in the rows 50cm, May 27 date of seeding.Experiment opening
Section soil salt and topsoil soils pH, organic matter, full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium are measured before beginning with after
And water-stable aggregate, while measuring food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield index after harvesting (embodiment result is shown in Fig. 4~Fig. 5 and 3~table of table 4).It is right
Find out than plantation front and back soil profile salinity, physicochemical property, water-stable aggregate and food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield, application improvement conditioner M3 and
M4 the processing either soil organism, food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield, water-stable aggregate and section soil salt content difference is smaller, shows
300kg/ mus of improvement conditioner effects are being applied heavy salinizedly and 400kg/ mus of usage variances are smaller.Therefore heavy salinizedly
(dry farming), which applies 300kg/ mus of improvement conditioners, can reach optimum efficiency, horizontal for most economical dosage.
Table 3 improves conditioner and handles the lower comparison eaten before certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is planted with 0~20cm topsoil soils physicochemical property after harvest.Respectively
The recipe ingredient and preparation for improveing conditioner are shown in embodiment 3
Table 4 improves the lower food certain herbaceous plants with big flowers the upperground part biomass of conditioner processing and yield.The recipe ingredient and system of each improvement conditioner
It is standby to see embodiment 3
Embodiment 4:
Coastal tidal moderate saline-alkali soil, 0~20cm topsoil soils salt content are 2.9~4.2g/kg, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil,
PH is 9.11, content of organic matter 5.13g/kg, full nitrogen 0.37g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 33.28mg/kg, available phosphorus 8.71mg/
Kg, available potassium 238.46mg/kg.Place: Dongtai City's Huanghai Sea seed farm is located at Jiangsu Province, Dongtai City, Yancheng southeast Jianggang Gang Zhen head,
Test period is in November, 2017~2018 year May.Test plot was enclosed tideland for cultivation in 2003, beginning agricultural planting in 2008, due to
The lower impeded drainage of topography causes soil salt higher, experimental field 4.6 kilometers away from coastline of east.
Each plot is respectively provided with 5 processing, respectively compares, 50kg/ mus of modifying agent dosage (S1), 150kg/ mus (S2),
250kg/ mus (S3) and 350kg/ mus (S4).Each processing sets 3 repetitions, each to repeat 24m2(trial zone specification 4m × 6m).
Long-term cropping is barley, and kind is Supi No.4, early November breeding time to late May.Control is local general planting mode.
Main implementation link is as follows:
(1) by 44 parts of ardealite, 17 parts of aluminum sulfate, 21 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of maize cob meal, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol mixing are stirred
Mix the 13wt.% for uniformly adding water to adjust water content to total weight of the mixture；Then mixture is put into granulating disc and is made
Grain, particle diameter 2mm；Granulation is put into coating machine, 10 parts of water soluble polymer polyacrylamides are added and carry out coating, coating is thick
40 microns of degree.
(2) field trial.On October 25th, 2017, improvement conditioner and base manure are spread and are manured into soil, manually plough by
It is mixed with topsoil soils, and above-mentioned 4 dosage levels are arranged.It improves conditioner and base manure applies after mixing, in November 5
Drilling barley.
Respectively processing such as is at the nitrogen quantity processing in Periods of Duration In Barley.It is specific as follows:
CK (general planting), S1 (general planting improves conditioner 50kg/ mus), (general planting improves conditioner to S2
150kg/ mus), S3 (general planting, improve conditioner 250kg/ mu), S4 (general planting, conditioner 350kg/ mus of improvement).
Periods of Duration In Barley puts into N218kg/ mus of O, P2O58kg/ mus.In experimental period, monthly acquires a soil sample and measure salt
Divide, pH, and measures the soil organism, full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content (embodiment result after the end of the test
See Fig. 6 and table 5).Compare Periods of Duration In Barley topsoil soils salinity, pH dynamic change of temporal series, the whole salinity of S2 processing is lower, S3 and
S4 although pH reducing effect be better than S2, soil salt difference is not significant, from the soil organism, full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and
From the point of view of available potassium comparison, each processing difference is not substantially significant.Therefore 150kg/ mus of improvement are applied in moderate saline-alkali soil (dry farming) to adjust
Reason agent can reach optimum efficiency, horizontal for most economical dosage.
Table 5 improves conditioner and handles 0~20cm topsoil soils physicochemical property after lower barley harvest.Each improvement conditioner is matched
Embodiment 4 is shown in Fang Zufen and preparation
Claims (10)
1. a kind of applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that it is made of internal layer and coating layer, wherein
Interior layer component in parts by mass be respectively 40 ~ 50 parts of ardealite, 15 ~ 20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 20 ~ 25 parts of humic acid, maize cob meal 10 ~
15 parts and 5 ~ 8 parts of polyethylene glycol；The group of coating layer is divided into water soluble polymer polyacrylamide, and mass fraction is internal layer mixture
It is 0.08 ~ 0.12 times of quality.
2. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phosphorus stone
The CaSO of cream4·2H2O ≥ 80 wt.%, pH value is between 2 ~ 4, water content≤15 wt.%, partial size≤0.3 mm.
3. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sulfuric acid
Aluminium active principle content >=15 wt .%, partial size≤0.3 mm.
4. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rotten plant
Acid is free of sodium ion, chloride ion, organic matter >=90 wt.%, water content≤15 wt.%, partial size 0.1-0.3 mm.
5. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the corn
Core powder is that corn is sloughed the cob after seed and ground and sieves with 100 mesh sieve, 3 ~ 5 wt.% of water content.
6. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the poly- second
Glycol is PEG400, colourless viscous liquid, average molecular weight 380 ~ 420, pH value 4 ~ 7, content >=99 wt.%, water content≤
0.5 wt .%。
7. the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water-soluble
Property high polymer polyacrylamide is formed by acrylamide homopolymerization, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve, molecular weight≤500 × 104, active principle content
≥98.5 wt .%。
8. the preparation method of the applicable mild chemical modifying conditioner in any salt-soda soil of claim 1 ~ 7, feature exist
In step are as follows: 1. raw material mixes: by ardealite, aluminum sulfate, humic acid, maize cob meal, polyethylene glycol matches according to above-mentioned raw materials
Mixing, stirs evenly, and water is added to adjust water content to the 10 ~ 15 of total weight of the mixturewt.%；2. mixture is put into disk to make
It is granulated in grain machine, 1 ~ 3 mm of particle diameter；3. the particle of step 2. is put into coating machine, water soluble polymer polyacrylamide is added
Amine carries out coating, and membrane wrapping thickness is 30 ~ 50 microns.
9. application of any chemical modifying conditioner of claim 1 ~ 7 in salt-soda soil.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that in Dry Farmland application: soil salt content < 2 g/kg
Kg/ mus of slight alkaline land dosage 50-100,2 ~ 4 g/kg moderate saline-alkali soil dosage of soil salt content 100 ~ 200 kg/ mus, saliferous
> 4 g/kg soil heavy salinized ground dosage of amount 200 ~ 400 kg/ mus；Under the conditions of identical soil salt content, summer sowing season dosage
Higher than autumn sowing season dosage 30 ~ 50 kg/ mus；After chemical modifying conditioner is uniformly manured into soil, using rotary cultivator by chemical modifying
Conditioner is uniformly mixed with 0-20 cm soil, and then mechanical high ridge of having ditched, is planted on furrow；When paddy field is applied: soil saliferous
Measure kg/ mus of the slight alkaline land dosage 50-100 of < 2 g/kg, 2 ~ 4 g/kg moderate saline-alkali soil dosage 100 ~ 300 of soil salt content
Kg/ mus, kg/ mus of the g/kg soil heavy salinized ground dosage of salt content > 4 300 ~ 500；Chemical modifying conditioner is uniformly applied into soil
Earth will improve conditioner using rotary cultivator and be uniformly mixed with 0-20 cm soil, pour water and keep 10 ~ 15 cm of flooding depth, and 3 ~ 5
Surface pond is discharged in the future, is then planted.
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| CN113789180A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-14 | 世纪云天(黑龙江)化学有限公司 | Soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil |
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