CN109819916A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers Download PDFInfo
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- CN109819916A CN109819916A CN201811449279.6A CN201811449279A CN109819916A CN 109819916 A CN109819916 A CN 109819916A CN 201811449279 A CN201811449279 A CN 201811449279A CN 109819916 A CN109819916 A CN 109819916A
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- portunus trituberculatus
- trituberculatus miers
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- nursery pond
- crab
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, it is to be transferred them in nursery pond, after having produced ovum when aterrimus is presented in the color of Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother's crab ovum of oogenesis, female crab is taken away into the cultivation that nursery pond carries out seedling, wherein the color of nursery pond pool wall is yellow or red.Method of the invention can effectively ensure the survival rate and activity of the young of breeding water body, the normal growth and development of the sufficiently effective guarantee young.The activity for being effectively increased the young increases its disease resistance, its survival rate can be made significantly to improve compared to normal aquaculture pond, effectively raise the success rate and yield of nursery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture seedling-raising technique fields, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Background technique
Portunus trituberculatus Miers (Portunus trituberculatus) is under the jurisdiction of Crustachia (Crustacea), Decapoda
(Decapoda), Portumidae (Portunidae), Portunus (Portunus).Portunus trituberculatus Miers be distributed widely in China,
The sea areas such as Japan and Korea, are perennial parton, edible and medicinal value with higher.Portunus trituberculatus Miers is China's marine products
Large-scale economic crab, because of its delicious meat, full of nutrition, economic value is high, famous at home and abroad, in China coastal seas, with
The East Sea, Huang Bohai yield are higher.
With the gradually growth in seafood market, the scale of Portunus trituberculatus Miers raiser is being continuously increased, China three in 2014
The cultured area of wart swimming crab has reached 2.74 ten thousand hectares, and yield is 11.9 ten thousand tons.This series of variation promotes raiser
Increase for the seed demand of high quality and high disease resistance, but the yield and quality of seed is difficult to meet the need in market always
It asks, one of them important reason is the presence of the native pool nursery of large area.Existing soil pool seedling-raising technique is due to vulnerable to certainly
The influence of right weather, the disadvantages such as intensive degree is low, to Portunus trituberculatus Miers it is rich produce to cause seriously affect.Therefore nursery is
Towards industrialized trend development, although existing industrialization nursery overcomes the shortcomings that native pool nursery is influenced vulnerable to weather, but
It is that each equipment details of batch production technology are left to be desired.In seedling raising manners traditional simultaneously, zoea larva 1 is used for using wheel animalcule
The feeding of phase and 2 phases because wheel animalcule easy fast breeding and its ingest algae the problem of, often result in algae food in cultivation
Missing.In batch production, the design of aquaculture pond generallys use ordinary cement and pours, and the color of cement itself belongs to artificial color
One kind can also aggravate the young for the inadaptable of environment, so that causing the decline of fry quality, seriously affect its richness and produce.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, can overcome the defect that existing method nursery survival rate not
Disadvantage high, development time is long,
The method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers nursery provided by the present invention, comprises the following steps that
1) acquisition of Portunus trituberculatus Miers kind crab: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother crab of health is selected temporarily support until oogenesis；Temporarily support
Period controls Water quality ammonia nitrogen and is less than 0.1mg/L, and nitrite is less than 0.1mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 98%, feeds colored clam or hang
Razor clam is as bait；
2) it when aterrimus is presented in the color of Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother's crab ovum of oogenesis, transfers them in nursery pond, has produced
After ovum, female crab is taken away into the cultivation that nursery pond carries out seedling, wherein the color of nursery pond pool wall is yellow or red；
Nurturing period controls the temperature of water body at 22-24 DEG C, and salinity selects natural lighting and naturally in 22-25 ‰
Photoperiod, control dissolved oxygen are greater than 98%, and ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.1mg/L, and nitrite is lower than 0.01mg/L, pH8-8.5；
Prawn slice and fairy shrimp nauplius are fed in the nurturing period, while being inoculated with diatom in nursery pond.
Method of the invention can effectively ensure the survival rate and activity of the young of breeding water body, sufficiently effective guarantee
The normal growth and development of the young.The activity for being effectively increased the young increases its disease resistance, can make its survival rate
It is significantly improved compared to normal aquaculture pond, effectively raises the success rate and yield of nursery.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: red and white cultivation pool wall survival rate compares figure；
Fig. 2: yellow and white cultivation pool wall survival rate compare figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is improved for traditional method for culturing seedlings and technology, is shortened by nursery/aquaculture pond color whole
A growing-seedling period and its survival rate is improved, and use different feed modes by stages for the young, fully considers that the young exists
The demand of food in growth course.This method can effectively improve the survival rate of the young, shorten growing-seedling period and improve seedling
The quality of kind.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1: color of the red background as Cultivation container
The Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother crab of the health of selection is temporarily supported, and control Water quality ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.1mg/L during temporarily supporting,
Nitrite is less than 0.1mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 98%, feeds colored clam or razor clam of hanging is as bait；
When aterrimus is presented in the color of Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother's crab ovum of oogenesis, transfer them in nursery pond, every 3h
Its situation of laying eggs is paid close attention to be taken away in nursery pond in time, when it lays eggs complete to ensure the shadow for avoiding female crab for the young
It rings.Select white background and red background as the color of nursery pond,
For selection environmental protection paint by nursery pond brush at red, the paint vehicle of selection should be nontoxic, and waterproof is corrosion-resistant simultaneously.Described
Pool wall refers to surrounding and the bottom surface of nursery pond.The water inlet of nursery pond side should be tied with the filter bag of 200 mesh or more, together
When water inlet height should be slightly above pool wall, the outlet pipe of the other side should be slightly below bottom of pond, to ensure residual bait and excreta energy
Discharge in time.The size of nursery pond should be in 8m*7m*2m.Bottom of pond is connected with three exhaust pipes, and at least ten outlet is connected on every exhaust pipe
Hole.
The temperature of water body is controlled at 22-24 DEG C, salinity selects natural lighting and natural photoperiod, control in 22-25 ‰
Dissolved oxygen processed is greater than 98%, and ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.1mg/L, and nitrite is lower than 0.01mg/L, pH8-8.5.1 phase of zoea larva throws
Feed 6 prawn slice, time every 4h mono-, every prawn slice 15g, in fresh water by 80 mesh sieve tulles rubbing after, mix, uniformly splash to
Nursery pond, while diatom is inoculated in nursery pond, feed fairy shrimp nauplius at 8 points sooner or later, first meal feeding volume is controlled at 1
The young corresponds to 2 fairy shrimp nauplius, and every feeding volume judges again according to upper one edible situation later, while every
Every two days plus the 10cm of the entire nursery pond height of water.The operation of 2 phase of zoea larva and 3 phases are similar to 1 phase of zoea larva, wherein not
Same is the feeding volume for 2 phase of zoea larva needing to guarantee the corresponding edible at least four fairy shrimp nauplius of 1 young and prawn slice
Every is 20-25g, and 3 phase of Magna shape, corresponding 1 young ate every 30- of feeding volume of at least six fairy shrimp young and prawn slice
35g.4 phase of zoea larva feeds 6 prawn slice, times every 4h mono-, every prawn slice 40-45g, with the bolting silk net of 60 mesh in fresh water
After rubbing, mixes, uniformly splash to nursery pond, the amount for feeding fairy shrimp nauplius rises to 1 correspondence 8, every three days
Change water one third.Megalops larva feed 4 artemias and prawn slice mixture (specific proportion be 30-40g prawn slice (prawn slice without
Need to rub) every, half block frost artemia (this frost fairy shrimp can be purchased from common aquatic feeds business department)), water is changed daily
Half.
The nutrient content of the prawn slice selected in cultivation should be, crude protein: 48% or more, crude fat: and 4% or more, crude fibre:
3% hereinafter, coarse ash: 16% hereinafter, moisture: 6% hereinafter, in the incubation of algae, and the intensity of artificial light source should be
10000Lx or so.When fairy shrimp nauplius is cultivated, temperature should be controlled at 25-27 DEG C, cultivate time -48h for 24 hours.In fairy shrimp
When collection, first stop gas supply, oxygenation powder of uniformly splashing is opened after the dissolution completely of oxygenation powder and is located at fairy shrimp culture pond bottom end
Outlet pipe, collected with the string bags of 100 mesh.
M phase survival rate under red background is 40%, and white background only has 19%, while red background only needs 20 days
Development, and white background then needs development in 27 days.
Table 1: red and white cultivation pool wall development time comparison sheet
The optimization of 2 cultural method of embodiment
Preferably, described in step 2 method particularly includes:
When aterrimus is presented in the color of Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother's crab ovum of oogenesis, transfer them in nursery pond, every 3h
Its situation of laying eggs is paid close attention to be taken away in nursery pond in time, when it lays eggs complete to ensure the shadow for avoiding female crab for the young
It rings.White background and yellow background are selected as the color of Cultivation container, controls the temperature of water body at 23 DEG C, salinity 24 ‰,
Natural lighting and natural photoperiod are selected, control dissolved oxygen is greater than 98%, and ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.1mg/L, and nitrite is lower than
0.01mg/L, pH8.3.1 phase of zoea larva feeds 6 prawn slice, times every 4h mono-, every prawn slice 15g, and 80 are passed through in fresh water
It after mesh sieve tulles rubbing, mixes, uniformly splashes to nursery pond, while being inoculated with diatom in nursery pond, feed fairy shrimp at 8 points sooner or later
Nauplius, the control of first meal feeding volume in the corresponding 2 fairy shrimp nauplius of 1 young, later every feeding volume according to
Upper one edible situation judges again, while adding the 10cm of the entire nursery pond height of water every three days.2 phase of zoea larva and 3
The operation of phase is similar to 1 phase of zoea larva, the difference is that 2 phase of zoea larva needs to guarantee 1 young corresponding edible at least 4
Feeding volume every of a fairy shrimp nauplius and prawn slice is 23g, and 3 phase of Magna shape, corresponding 1 young ate at least six fairy shrimp
Every 33g of feeding volume of the young and prawn slice.4 phase of zoea larva feeds 6 prawn slice, times every 4h mono-, every prawn slice 43g,
With after the bolting silk net rubbing of 60 mesh in fresh water, mixes, uniformly splash to nursery pond, the amount for feeding fairy shrimp nauplius rises to
1 correspondence 8, changes water one third every three days.Megalops larva feeds mixture (the specific proportion of 4 artemias and prawn slice
For 34g prawn slice (prawn slice are without rubbing) every, half block freezes artemia), water half is changed daily.
The result shows that the M phase survival rate under yellow background is 40%, and white background only has 19%, while yellow background is only
Development in 21 days is needed, and white background then needs development in 27 days.
Table 2: yellow and white cultivation pool wall development time comparison sheet
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers nursery, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps that
1) acquisition of Portunus trituberculatus Miers kind crab: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother crab of health is selected temporarily support until oogenesis；
2) it when aterrimus is presented in the color of Portunus trituberculatus Miers mother's crab ovum of oogenesis, transfers them in nursery pond, after having produced ovum,
Female crab is taken away into the cultivation that nursery pond carries out seedling, wherein the color of nursery pond pool wall is yellow or red.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the temporary period control Water quality ammonia nitrogen of supporting is less than 0.1mg/L,
Nitrite is less than 0.1mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is not less than 98%.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the temporary feeding period feeds colored clam or razor clam of hanging is as bait.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that during which the cultivation controls the temperature of water body in 22-24
DEG C, salinity selects natural lighting and natural photoperiod in 22-25 ‰, and control dissolved oxygen is greater than 98%, and ammonia nitrogen is lower than
0.1mg/L, nitrite are lower than 0.01mg/L, pH8-8.5.
5. method as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the nurturing period feeds prawn slice and fairy shrimp without section
The young, while diatom is inoculated in nursery pond.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811449279.6A CN109819916A (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
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| CN201811449279.6A CN109819916A (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766401A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method of new sinonovacula constricta species with ammonia nitrogen resistance and high yield |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101703024A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-12 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method and device for cage propagation of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in coastal mudflat pond |
-
2018
- 2018-11-29 CN CN201811449279.6A patent/CN109819916A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101703024A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-12 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method and device for cage propagation of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in coastal mudflat pond |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 冯洋等编: "《鲟鱼的养殖技术》", 31 January 2005 * |
| 麦贤杰等: "《对虾健康养殖学》", 31 July 2009 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766401A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method of new sinonovacula constricta species with ammonia nitrogen resistance and high yield |
| CN114766401B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-06-20 | 浙江万里学院宁海海洋生物种业研究院 | Seed production method for ammonia nitrogen-resistant and high-yield sinonovacula constricta new variety |
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