CN109819882A - Determine the method and device of irrigation program - Google Patents
Determine the method and device of irrigation program Download PDFInfo
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- CN109819882A CN109819882A CN201910045139.0A CN201910045139A CN109819882A CN 109819882 A CN109819882 A CN 109819882A CN 201910045139 A CN201910045139 A CN 201910045139A CN 109819882 A CN109819882 A CN 109819882A
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of method and devices of determining irrigation program.Method includes the following steps: determining field moisture threshold value；Acquire current soil water content；Judge whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；Duration is irrigated if it is, determining according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter.The device for determining irrigation program includes: threshold determination module, acquisition module, judgment module and irrigates duration determining module.Present application addresses the technical problems of the accuracy difference not accounting for irrigation program caused by various factors in actual environment in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
This application involves irrigation technique fields, in particular to a kind of method and device of determining irrigation program.
Background technique
Irrigation program refers to be formulated according to crop water characteristic and local climate, soil, agricultural technology and the factors such as pour water
Irrigation scheme, main contents include frequency of irrigation, irrigation period, irrigating water quota and irrigation norm etc..In recent years, China was complete
State's total supply about in 550,000,000,000 cubic meters or so, irrigation water capacity about in 3600 billion cubic meters, Zhan Quanguo total supply
65% or so, therefore rationally determining irrigation water capacity and irrigating duration is always a major issue in determining irrigation program.
The determination of early stage irrigation program is often depending on the experience of irrigation personnel, now with detecting instrument diversification and irrigation rig from
The development of dynamicization control, common way is the history meteorological data interior for a period of time based on plant growth area in irrigation field
Carry out operation Crop Evapotranspiration (or being evapotranspiration rate) so that it is determined that irrigation scheme, there is no in view of other shadows in actual environment
The factor of sound, therefore affect the accuracy of irrigation program.
For the above problem in the prior art, currently no effective solution has been proposed.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a kind of method and device of determining irrigation program, to solve in the prior art
The technical problem of the accuracy difference of irrigation program caused by various factors in actual environment is not accounted for.
To achieve the goals above, according to the one aspect of the application, a kind of method of determining irrigation program is provided, is wrapped
It includes following steps: determining field moisture threshold value；Acquire current soil water content；Judge whether the current soil water content is low
In the field moisture threshold value；If it is, according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, irrigation water
Usage factor and douche irrigation intensity parameter, which determine, irrigates duration.
Further, it is described according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and
Douche irrigation intensity parameter determines that irrigating duration includes: according to the meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, density system
Several and water efficiency of irrigation calculates irrigation volume；It is calculated according to the irrigation volume and douche irrigation intensity parameter and irrigates duration.
Further, described to be used according to the meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and irrigation water
Coefficient calculates irrigation volume
Reference crop evapo-transpiration ET is calculated according to equation 10,
Equation 1:
Wherein, Δ is saturated vapor pressure temperature slope, RnFor crop surface net radiation, G be soil heat flux, γ is humidity
Computational constant, T are average air temperature, U2For wind speed, the e of liftoff 2 meters of heightsFor saturation vapour pressure, eaFor actual water vapor pressure；
According to equation 2 calculate influence the practical rate of water make-up of a certain certain crop of region parameter, i.e. ET%,
Equation 2:ET%=(Km×Kd×Kc)/η
Wherein, KmFor environmental coefficient, KdFor bulkfactor, KcFor crop coefficient, η is water efficiency of irrigation；
The irrigation volume ET is calculated according to equation 3,
Equation 3:ET=ET0× ET%.
Further, the environmental coefficient KmValue range be 0.8~1.2, the bulkfactor KdIt is 1.
Further, when being irrigated using trickle irrigation form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 90%~95%；Work as use
When sprinkling irrigation form is irrigated, water efficiency of irrigation η is 75%~85%；When being irrigated using micro- spray form, irrigate
Water application rate η is 70%~75%.
Further, described to calculate that irrigate duration include: basis according to the irrigation volume and douche irrigation intensity parameter
Equation 4 determines the irrigation duration, equation 4: irrigating duration=irrigation volume ET/ irrigation intensity, wherein the irrigation intensity is single
The water on unit area is irrigated in the time of position.
Further, the field moisture threshold value is determined according to equation 5,
Equation 5: field moisture threshold value=field capacity × N, wherein N takes 60%~70%.
Further, the current soil water content is acquired using soil moisture content instrument.
To achieve the goals above, according to further aspect of the application, a kind of determining device for irrigating duration is provided,
It include: threshold determination module, for determining field moisture threshold value；Acquisition module, for acquiring current soil water content；Judgement
Module, for judging whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；Duration determining module is irrigated, is used
In when the current soil water content be lower than the field moisture threshold value when, according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environment system
Number, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter, which determine, irrigates duration.
Further, the irrigation duration determining module includes: irrigation volume computing module, for according to the meteorological ginseng
Number, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and water efficiency of irrigation calculate irrigation volume；Duration calculation module is irrigated, is used for
It is calculated according to the irrigation volume and douche irrigation intensity parameter and irrigates duration.
In the embodiment of the present application, by the way of monitoring soil moisture content, by by soil moisture content and preset field
Between water content threshold value be compared, when monitoring soil moisture content lower than field moisture threshold value, according to according to meteorologic parameter,
Crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter, which determine, irrigates duration, reaches
It has arrived accurate judgement and has irrigated opportunity and comprehensive considering various effects to calculate the purpose for irrigating duration, to realize more accurately
Ground determines irrigation opportunity and irrigates the technical effect of duration, and then solves due to not accounting for actual environment in the prior art
The technical problem of the accuracy difference of irrigation program caused by middle various factors.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, so that the application's is other
Feature, objects and advantages become more apparent upon.The illustrative examples attached drawing and its explanation of the application is for explaining the application, not
Constitute the improper restriction to the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that the method for irrigation program is determined in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of step S4 in the method for determine in the embodiment of the present application irrigation program；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the device of irrigation program is determined in the embodiment of the present application；And
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that duration determining module is irrigated in the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of the application a part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, all should belong to the model of the application protection
It encloses.
It should be noted that the description and claims of this application and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way
Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to embodiments herein described herein.In addition, term " includes " and " tool
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing a series of steps or units
Process, method, system, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to be clearly listed step or unit, but may include without clear
Other step or units listing to Chu or intrinsic for these process, methods, product or equipment.
In this application, term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside",
" in ", "vertical", "horizontal", " transverse direction ", the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " longitudinal direction " be orientation based on the figure or
Positional relationship.These terms are not intended to limit indicated dress primarily to better describe the application and embodiment
Set, element or component must have particular orientation, or constructed and operated with particular orientation.
Also, above-mentioned part term is other than it can be used to indicate that orientation or positional relationship, it is also possible to for indicating it
His meaning, such as term " on " also are likely used for indicating certain relations of dependence or connection relationship in some cases.For ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, the concrete meaning of these terms in this application can be understood as the case may be.
In addition, term " installation ", " setting ", " being equipped with ", " connection ", " connected ", " socket " shall be understood in a broad sense.For example,
It may be a fixed connection, be detachably connected or monolithic construction；It can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection；It can be direct phase
It even, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or is two connections internal between device, element or component.
For those of ordinary skills, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in this application can be understood as the case may be.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is according to the flow diagram for the method for determining irrigation program in the embodiment of the present application, and this method includes as follows
Step S1 to step S4:
Step S1 determines field moisture threshold value；
Above-mentioned field moisture threshold value is the minimum water content of suitable for plant growth, when the soil moisture content of irrigated area is low
When the field moisture threshold value, plant water suction is difficult, should in time be irrigated the planting region to keep the skin wet, dimension
Hold the normal growth of plant.The field moisture threshold value can experience directly determines according to threshold value, can also be by meter
It obtains.
Step S2 acquires current soil water content；
By disposing detecting instrument in irrigated area, to be acquired to soil moisture content.Preferably, soil is utilized
Soil moisture content instrument is acquired the soil moisture content in irrigated area.One or more soil can be disposed in same irrigated area
Soil moisture content instrument, the embodiment of the present application do not restrict it, can be by collected multiple soil when disposing multiple soil moisture content instrument
The value of earth water content is handled, such as takes mean value or intermediate value, to obtain final current soil water content.The application is implemented
Example can also be acquired according to prefixed time interval, be adopted according to preset time point with real-time perfoming for the acquisition of soil moisture content
Collect or acquired according to request etc., within the scope of the present application.
Step S3, judges whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；
By the way that collected current soil water content to be compared with preset field moisture threshold value, irrigated to determine
The opportunity on opportunity and irrigation duration calculation that device is opened.
Step S4, if it is, according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, irrigation water system
Several and douche irrigation intensity parameter, which determines, irrigates duration.
When current soil water content is higher than preset field moisture threshold value, the unlatching and irrigation of irrigation rig are not triggered
The calculating of duration；When collected current soil water content is lower than preset field moisture threshold value, irrigation rig is triggered
It opens, and according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity
Parameter, which determines, irrigates duration, i.e. the duration of irrigation rig unlatching.
It can be seen from the above description that the present invention is by the way of monitoring soil moisture content, by by soil water-containing
Amount is compared with preset field moisture threshold value, when monitoring soil moisture content lower than field moisture threshold value, according to
Meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter, which determine, to be filled
Duration is irrigate, has achieved the purpose that accurate judgement irrigates opportunity and comprehensive considering various effects to calculate irrigation duration, to realize
It more accurately determines irrigation opportunity and irrigates the technical effect of duration, and then solve due to not accounting in the prior art
The technical problem of the accuracy difference of irrigation program caused by various factors into actual environment.
As a kind of optional embodiment of the application, field moisture threshold value can experience directly determines according to threshold
Value uses different threshold values according to different soil types, is shown in Table 1 with specific reference to value.
The field moisture threshold reference value of 1 Different Soil of table
As another optional embodiment of the application, field moisture threshold value can be specific to count by being calculated
Calculation method are as follows:
Field moisture threshold value=field capacity × N, wherein N takes 60%~70%.
If usual soil moisture content is lower than the 60%~70% of field capacity, plant water suction is difficult, should be in time to plant
Moisturizing is irrigated, therefore using above-mentioned equation as the calculation method of field moisture threshold value.Field capacity can pass through soil moisture content
Instrument measures.
Fig. 2 is according to the flow diagram of step S4 in the method for determining irrigation program in the embodiment of the present application, above-mentioned
When determining irrigation according to meteorologic parameter, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and irrigation intensity parameter in step S4
Length includes the following steps, namely S41 to step S42:
Step S41 is counted according to the meteorologic parameter crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and water efficiency of irrigation
Calculate irrigation volume；
Preferably, irrigation volume is calculated with specific reference to following method:
Reference crop evapo-transpiration ET0 is calculated according to equation 1,
Equation 1:
Wherein, Δ is saturated vapor pressure temperature slope, RnFor crop surface net radiation, G be soil heat flux, γ is humidity
Computational constant, T are average air temperature, U2For wind speed, the e of liftoff 2 meters of heightsFor saturation vapour pressure, eaFor actual water vapor pressure；
It is above-mentioned saturated vapor pressure temperature slope, crop surface net radiation, soil heat flux, psychrometric constant, average
Air Temperature, liftoff 2 meters of height wind speed, saturation vapour pressure, actual water vapor pressure be used as meteorologic parameter, supervised by meteorological sensor
It measures.
Parameter, that is, the ET% for influencing the practical rate of water make-up of a certain certain crop of region is calculated according to equation 2,
Equation 2:ET%=(Km×Kd×Kc)/η
Wherein, KmFor environmental coefficient, KdFor bulkfactor, KcFor crop coefficient, η is water efficiency of irrigation；
Above-mentioned environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, crop coefficient, water efficiency of irrigation are as influencing certain work of a certain region
The parameter ET% of the practical rate of water make-up of object is obtained by experience value or in conjunction with apparatus measures, and specific value can refer in following
Hold:
KmFor environmental coefficient, mainly influenced by hillside fields, soil types, intensity of illumination, wind-force, value rule of thumb exists
Between 0.8-1.2, takes and evaporate the bigger principle value of bigger coefficient.
KdFor bulkfactor, by taking treegarden irrigation as an example, plant is essentially all standing, therefore KdGenerally take 1.
KcIt for crop coefficient, is calculated according to following equation: Kc=ETc/ET0, wherein ETcFor crop wager requirements, pass through deployment
It can monitor to obtain corresponding crop wager requirements in the soil moisture content instrument of different major class plants.
η is water efficiency of irrigation, has different value ranges according to different irrigation forms:
When being irrigated using trickle irrigation form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 90%~95%；
When being irrigated using sprinkling irrigation form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 75%~85%；
When being irrigated using micro- spray form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 70%~75%.
The irrigation volume ET is calculated according to equation 3,
Equation 3:ET=ET0× ET%.
The calculating of irrigation volume considers not only meteorologic factor in the embodiment of the present application, goes back comprehensive consideration many factors, meter
The irrigation volume accuracy rate obtained is higher, can be avoided plant keep the skin wet deficiency or cause irrigate water waste.
Steps are as follows for the derivation of above-mentioned calculation method:
(1) according to crop wager requirements ETC=KC×ET0
ET0For reference crop evapo-transpiration, by meteorological sensor monitoring data and it is calculated；
Crop wager requirements ETc can monitor to obtain such plant pair by being mounted on the soil moisture content instrument of different major class plants
Answer crop wager requirements；
The then corresponding crop coefficient Kc value of such available crop,
That is Kc=ETc/ET0
(2) the practical water consumption of certain crop of a certain region is influenced by landscape COEFFICIENT K l
The i.e. a certain practical water consumption ETc=Kl × K of certain crop of regionC×ET0
Wherein, Kl=Km×Kd, KmFor environmental coefficient, KdFor bulkfactor；
Therefore the practical water consumption ETc=K of certain crop of a certain regionm×Kd×KC×ET0；
(3) existing water efficiency of irrigation η can not reach 100%, so practical rate of water make-up can be greater than crop reality
Water consumption
I.e. a certain practical rate of water make-up the ET=[(K of certain crop of regionm×Kd×KC)/η]×ET0；
In view of convenience of calculation, the factor that will affect the practical rate of water make-up of certain crop of a certain region is referred to as ET%
That is ET%=(Kl × Kc)/η=(Km × Kd × Kc)/η
(4) the practical rate of water make-up of certain crop of a certain region, i.e., described irrigation volume ET=ET% × ET0.
Step S42 calculates the irrigation duration according to the irrigation volume and irrigation intensity parameter.
Specifically, duration (hour/day)=irrigation volume ET (mm day)/irrigation intensity (mm/hr) is irrigated,
Wherein, the irrigation intensity is that the water on unit area is irrigated in the unit time.
Irrigation intensity can be directly determined by irrigation rig or the design parameter according to irrigation rig is calculated and determined, be irrigated
Intensity is determined as ordinary skill in the art means, and this will not be repeated here.
According to embodiments of the present invention, it additionally provides a kind of for implementing to determine the method for irrigating duration in above-described embodiment
Device, as shown in figure 3, the device includes:
Threshold determination module 10, for determining field moisture threshold value；
Acquisition module 20, for acquiring current soil water content；
Judgment module 30, for judging whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；
Duration determining module 40 is irrigated, is used for when the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value,
It is true according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter
Surely duration is irrigated.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that duration determining module 40 is irrigated in the embodiment of the present application, comprising:
Irrigation volume computing module 401, for according to the meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and filling
It irrigates Water application rate and calculates irrigation volume；
Duration calculation module 402 is irrigated, for calculating the irrigation duration according to the irrigation volume and irrigation intensity parameter.
Concrete mode about the execution operation of each unit in above-described embodiment is in the embodiment of the method
It is described in detail, no detailed explanation will be given here.
According to embodiments of the present invention, it additionally provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and is stored in storage
On device and the computer program that can run on a processor, the processor realize above-mentioned determination when executing the computer program
Irrigate the step in the method for duration.It can be realized automatically determining for irrigation opportunity in this way, and need to fill in determination
It is calculated automatically when irrigating and irrigates duration, and then by sending instruction to each gateway controller and being sent to irrigation district by gateway controller
The valve positioner of irrigation rig in domain realizes region by the opening and closing of valve positioner control irrigation rig solenoid valve
It is interior to irrigate in time and reasonably.
Computer program involved in the application can store in computer readable storage medium, described computer-readable
Storage medium may include: any entity apparatus that can carry computer program code, virtual bench, flash disk, mobile hard disk,
Magnetic disk, CD, computer storage, read-only computer storage (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access computer
Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and other software distribution medium etc..
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that each module of the above invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and formed
Network on, optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to which they are stored
Be performed by computing device in the storage device, perhaps they are fabricated to each integrated circuit modules or by they
In multiple modules or step be fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific
Hardware and software combines.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of determining irrigation program, which comprises the following steps:
Determine field moisture threshold value；
Acquire current soil water content；
Judge whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；
If it is, being filled according to meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche
It irrigates intensive parameter and determines irrigation duration.
2. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to meteorologic parameter, crop
Coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter determine that irrigating duration includes:
Irrigation volume is calculated according to the meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and water efficiency of irrigation；
It is calculated according to the irrigation volume and douche irrigation intensity parameter and irrigates duration.
3. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is described according to the meteorologic parameter,
Crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and water efficiency of irrigation calculate irrigation volume
Reference crop evapo-transpiration ET is calculated according to equation 10,
Equation 1:
Wherein, Δ is saturated vapor pressure temperature slope, RnIt is soil heat flux for crop surface net radiation, G, γ is that humidity calculates
Constant, T are average air temperature, U2For wind speed, the e of liftoff 2 meters of heightsFor saturation vapour pressure, eaFor actual water vapor pressure；
According to equation 2 calculate influence the practical rate of water make-up of a certain certain crop of region parameter, i.e. ET%,
Equation 2:ET%=(Km×Kd×Kc)/η
Wherein, KmFor environmental coefficient, KdFor bulkfactor, KcFor crop coefficient, η is water efficiency of irrigation；
The irrigation volume ET is calculated according to equation 3,
Equation 3:ET=ET0× ET%.
4. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the environmental coefficient KmValue model
Enclosing is 0.8~1.2, the bulkfactor KdIt is 1.
5. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 3, which is characterized in that irrigated when using trickle irrigation form
When, water efficiency of irrigation η is 90%~95%；When being irrigated using sprinkling irrigation form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 75%
~85%；When being irrigated using micro- spray form, water efficiency of irrigation η is 70%~75%.
6. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described according to the irrigation volume and filling
Hydrophone irrigation intensity parameter calculates irrigation duration
The irrigation duration is determined according to equation 4, equation 4: irrigating duration=irrigation volume ET/ irrigation intensity,
Wherein, the irrigation intensity is that the water on unit area is irrigated in the unit time.
7. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the field moisture threshold value according to
Equation 5 is determining,
Equation 5: field moisture threshold value=field capacity × N, wherein N takes 60%~70%.
8. the method for determining irrigation program according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using described in the acquisition of soil moisture content instrument
Current soil water content.
9. a kind of device of determining irrigation program characterized by comprising
Threshold determination module, for determining field moisture threshold value；
Acquisition module, for acquiring current soil water content；
Judgment module, for judging whether the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value；
Duration determining module is irrigated, is used for when the current soil water content is lower than the field moisture threshold value, according to gas
It is irrigated as parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor, water efficiency of irrigation and douche irrigation intensity parameter determine
Duration.
10. the device of determining irrigation program according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the irrigation duration determining module
Include:
Irrigation volume computing module, for according to the meteorologic parameter, crop coefficient, environmental coefficient, bulkfactor and irrigation water
Irrigation volume is calculated with coefficient；
Duration calculation module is irrigated, irrigates duration for calculating according to the irrigation volume and douche irrigation intensity parameter.
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| CN115349432A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-18 | 中联智慧农业股份有限公司 | Intelligent irrigation method and system based on optical radiation and meteorological prediction |
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