CN109814092A - A kind of spike sampling apparatus and method for laser ranging system - Google Patents
A kind of spike sampling apparatus and method for laser ranging system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of spike sampling apparatus and method for laser ranging system disclosed by the invention, belongs to laser measurement field.A kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system disclosed by the invention, including photodetector array, N number of limiting amplifier, atomic clock, frequency synthesizing module, N number of comparator, N number of XOR gate and distance measuring signal processing module.Based on the spike sampling apparatus, invention additionally discloses a kind of spike method of samplings for laser ranging system.Analog signal is carried out single-bit sample quantization by comparator and XOR gate by the present invention, extracts the side information of spike, is handled for distance measuring signal.The present invention can be realized the sampling with high precision of spike, reduce the data volume of data stored and transmitted, and substantially reduce hardware resource consumption, reduces processing power consumption, saves hardware cost.The present invention can also improve sampling precision with high sampling rate compensating sampling quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spike sampling apparatus and method, in particular to a kind of point for laser ranging system
Peak pulse sampling apparatus and method belong to laser measurement field.
Background technique
Laser ranging technique has the advantages such as high directivity, measurement accuracy are high, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, is widely used in
The civil fields such as all kinds of weapon systems such as military surveillance, target following, precise guidance and automobile collision avoidance radar, the earth mapping.
Spike receives the core that processing technique is laser ranging system.For the analog pulse in laser ranging system
Signal needs just be converted into accessible digital signal through over-sampling and quantization.With people to range accuracy demand not
Disconnected to improve, pulse signal bandwidth to be treated is consequently increased.It is well known that sampling to band-limited signal should follow
Nyquist sampling thheorem, i.e. sample frequency are greater than twice of highest frequency, are just avoided that spectral aliasing.Therefore, high-precision to obtain
The ranging data of degree, it is necessary to avoid aliasing by increasing sampling rate.And sampling rate directly determines data storage and passes
Throughput rate also determines system power dissipation.Therefore, although this sampling plan can reach the requirement of sampling with high precision, needs disappear
Great amount of hardware resources is consumed, the burden that power consumption, cost, mass data store and transmit has been aggravated, becomes and restricts high-precision laser survey
Bottleneck away from development.Therefore, it is necessary to design one kind to meet high-speed sampling request, and power consumption can be reduced, reduce storage
The laser ranging system spike sampling apparatus and method of transmitted data amount.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is sample the big power consumption of bring, Gao Chengben, mass data transfers to solve laser ranging system
The problems such as, a kind of spike sampling apparatus and method for laser ranging system is provided, can be realized the height of spike
Precision sampling, reduces the data volume of data stored and transmitted, and substantially reduces hardware resource consumption, reduces processing power consumption, saves
Hardware cost.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system disclosed by the invention, including photodetector battle array
Column, N number of limiting amplifier, atomic clock, frequency synthesizing module, N number of comparator, N number of XOR gate and distance measuring signal processing module.Light
Electric explorer array is separately connected N number of limiting amplifier, and each limiting amplifier connects corresponding comparator, corresponding comparator connection
Corresponding XOR gate, N number of XOR gate are separately connected distance measuring signal processing module.Atomic clock rate of connections integration module, frequency synthesis
Module is separately connected N number of comparator and N number of XOR gate.
The photodetector array is used to the ranging optical signal received being converted to ranging electric signal, obtains the road N simultaneously
Row spike signal；
The limiting amplifier is used to amplify the spike level of input, exports the first electric signal, while inhibiting excessively high
Burr pulse is to protect back-end circuit；
The atomic clock provides clock source for sampling system；
The frequency synthesizing module is used to carry out phase locking frequency multiplying to clock source, when obtaining the first clock of the road N and the road the second N
Clock, respectively as the input clock of comparator and XOR gate；
The comparator is used under the driving of the first clock, is compared the first electric signal and the reference voltage of input
Compared with the second electric signal after obtaining shaping；
The XOR gate is used to the second electric signal and second clock carrying out exclusive or calculating, obtains the edge placement letter of pulse
Breath is used as third electric signal；
When the edge position information that the distance measuring signal processing module is used to extract each road pulse from third electric signal carries out
Between estimate, obtain range measurements.
Preferably, the photodetector array uses superconducting nano-wire single-photon detector array.
Preferably, the limiting amplifier uses HMC750 chip.
Preferably, the comparator uses HMC875 chip.
Preferably, the XOR gate uses HMC851 chip.
Based on a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system, invention additionally discloses one kind to be used for
The spike method of sampling of laser ranging system, includes the following steps:
Step 1: laser ranging system receives ranging optical signal；
Step 2: the optical signal that step 1 is obtained carries out photoelectric conversion by photodetector array, spike arteries and veins is obtained
Rush electric signal；
Step 3: carrying out power amplification by limiting amplifier to the low level spike that step 2 obtains, and inhibit
Excessively high burr obtains the first electric signal；
Step 4: frequency synthesizing module carries out phase locking frequency multiplying to the low-frequency clock source that atomic clock provides, the first clock is generated
And second clock；
Step 5: the first electric signal that step 3 obtains and the first clock that step 4 obtains is whole by comparator progress
Shape obtains the second electric signal；
Step 6: the second electric signal that step 5 obtains and the second clock that step 4 obtains are carried out XOR operation output
The edge position information of distance measuring signal, obtains third electric signal, and the calculation formula of XOR operation isWherein s3(n) third electric signal, s are indicated2(n) the second electric signal, c are indicated2(n) the is indicated
Two clocks；
Estimate Step 7: the edge position information for extracting each road pulse to the third electric signal that step 6 obtains carries out the time
Meter, obtains range measurements.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, traditional spike sampling plan carries out more bit sample quantizations, more bit sample amounts using analog-digital converter
Mass data can be generated by changing operation, need to consume great amount of hardware resources storing and transmitting for data, and system handles function
Consumption is big, high speed analog-to-digital conversion chip cost is very high.A kind of spike for laser ranging system disclosed by the invention is adopted
Analog signal is carried out single-bit sample quantization by comparator and XOR gate, extracts the side of spike by sampling device and method
Along information, handled for distance measuring signal.
2, compared to more bit sample quantization methods, the present invention is a kind of spike sampling for laser ranging system
Device and method carry out single-bit sample quantization by comparator and XOR gate, realize the sampling with high precision of spike, significantly
Hardware resource consumption is reduced, processing power consumption is reduced, saves hardware cost.
3, compared to more bit sample quantization methods, the present invention is a kind of spike sampling for laser ranging system
Device and method can improve sampling precision with high sampling rate compensating sampling quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of spike sampling apparatus structure chart for laser ranging system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of spike method of sampling flow chart for laser ranging system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the spike method of sampling signal sequence schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the spike method of sampling based on single-bit quantification of the embodiment of the present invention is based on analog-to-digital conversion with tradition
The spike method of sampling error comparison diagram of device.
Specific embodiment
Objects and advantages in order to better illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing do further summary of the invention with example
Explanation.
Embodiment 1:
With 20GHz sample rate, 16 tunnels (N=16) pulse position modulation (PPM) signal, the signal processing module for carrying FPGA
For, specific implementation process of the invention is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system disclosed in the present embodiment, including light
Electric explorer array, 16 limiting amplifiers, atomic clock, frequency synthesizing module, 16 comparators, 16 XOR gates and ranging letter
Number processing module.Photodetector array is separately connected 16 limiting amplifiers, and each limiting amplifier connects corresponding comparator,
Corresponding comparator connects corresponding XOR gate, and 16 XOR gates are separately connected distance measuring signal processing module.Atomic clock rate of connections is comprehensive
Block is molded, frequency synthesizing module is separately connected 16 comparators and 16 XOR gates.
The photodetector array uses superconducting nano-wire single-photon detector array.
The limiting amplifier uses HMC750 chip.
The comparator uses HMC875 chip.
The XOR gate uses HMC851 chip.
The photodetector array is used to the ranging optical signal received being converted to ranging electric signal, obtains 16 tunnels simultaneously
Row spike signal；
The limiting amplifier is used to amplify the spike level of input, exports the first electric signal, while inhibiting excessively high
Circuit is protected in burr pulse；
The atomic clock provides clock source for sampling system；
The frequency synthesizing module is used to carry out phase locking frequency multiplying to clock source, when obtaining 16 the first clocks of tunnel and 16 tunnel the second
Clock, respectively as the input clock of comparator and XOR gate；
The comparator is used under the driving of the first clock, is compared the first electric signal and the reference voltage of input
Compared with the second electric signal after obtaining shaping；
The XOR gate is used to the second electric signal and second clock carrying out exclusive or calculating, obtains the edge placement letter of pulse
Breath is used as third electric signal；
The distance measuring signal processing module is used to carry out time Estimate according to third electric signal, obtains range measurements.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment is also based on a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system
A kind of spike method of sampling for laser ranging system is disclosed, the ranging light letter that laser ranging system receiving end receives
Number firstly the need of by photodetector array carry out photoelectric conversion, obtain spike signal, then limiting amplifier is to this
Signal carries out level amplification, improves signal level, and inhibit excessively high burr；What following frequency synthesizing module exported atomic clock
Clock source carries out phase locking frequency multiplying, obtains the first clock and second clock；It is defeated that further comparator carries out shaping to the first electric signal
Square wave out；For XOR gate for obtaining porch information, continuous 3 clocks are that low level can determine that porch；Finally
Signal processing module exports range measurements.
Embodiment 3
With 20GHz sample rate, 16 tunnels (N=16) pulse position modulation (PPM) signal, the signal processing module for carrying FPGA
For, specific implementation process of the invention is illustrated.
Based on a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system, as shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment is also
A kind of spike method of sampling for laser ranging system is disclosed, and specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: ranging optical signal is carried out photoelectric conversion by 4 × 4 photodetector arrays, the 16 single-ended points of road 20GHz are exported
Peak pulse signal；
Step 2: each road pulse signal that step 1 is obtained passes through limiting amplifier HMC750 chip respectively carries out level
Amplification makes pulse signal reach the level magnitude for being suitble to sampling, obtains the first electric signal.It should be noted single-ended spike
Signal is 16PPM pulse signal, i.e., with 16 time slots for a symbol, wherein only there is spike in a time slot, remaining
Time slot is zero level, therefore spike signal slot rate is 20Gslot/s, and character rate is 1.25Gbps；
Step 3: atomic clock provides 10MHz low frequency reference clock source, frequency synthesizing module carries out 10MHz low-frequency clock
Phase locking frequency multiplying exports the parallel 20GHz clock in 16 tunnels as the parallel 10GHz clock of the first clock and 16 tunnels as second clock；
Step 4: comparator HMC875 chip is under the driving of 20GHz clock that step 3 obtains, step 2 is obtained the
One electric signal carries out shaping, exports the second electric signal, pulse width 50ps, symbol period 800ps；
Step 5: the second electric signal that step 4 obtains and the 10GHz second clock that step 3 obtains are entered single-bit
Exclusive or device HMC851 chip carries out XOR operation, and exporting continuous 3 clocks is that low level determines porch；
Step 6: the porch information that signal processing algorithm is obtained according to step 5, in Xilinx company
The estimation of distance measurement information is completed in XC7V325T chip.
Experimental result
For above-described embodiment, using the conventional high rate analog-digital chip EV10AQ190A method of sampling as reference, from sampling
Three rate, resource consumption and sampling precision aspects compare.
Fig. 3 indicates that 10GHz high-frequency clock and the single-ended spike of 20Gbps carry out XOR operation.Traditional EV10AQ190A core
The effective quantization digit of piece is 10bit, and the attainable sampling rate of highest is that 5Gbps is sampled according to nyquist sampling law
Signal rate is just able to achieve complete sample lower than 2.5Gbps；High speed spike method of sampling highest based on 1bit quantization is adopted
Sample rate is determined that the present embodiment high speed spike rate reaches 20Gbps by oversampling clock rate, and pulse width to 50ps needs
The period is 10GHz, pulsewidth is 100ps sampling clock is wanted to carry out 1bit XOR operation, and when clock phase-locked loop source can be by low frequency
Clock frequency multiplication is up to 20GHz or more, therefore can sample 5 to 10Gbps high speed signal.
For above-described embodiment, table 1 is the point using tradition the EV10AQ190A sampling A/D chip method of sampling and the present embodiment
Peak pulse sampling method consumes comparison to the FPGA resource of high-speed pulse signal sampling respectively.
The 1 tradition EV10AQ190A sampling A/D chip method of sampling of table and the spike method of sampling of the present embodiment are respectively to height
The FPGA resource of fast pulse signal sampling consumes contrast table
As seen from the above table, traditional sampling method needs to consume a large amount of logical resource and register resources, and the present embodiment
The spike method of sampling can greatly reduce the consumption of logical resource and register resources.
It is that the spike method of sampling based on single-bit quantification of the present embodiment and tradition are turned based on modulus as shown in Figure 4
The spike method of sampling error comparison diagram of parallel operation.Sampled data is 40 frames, and every frame data include 256bit fixed data frames
Head and 60736bit random data frame, total 60480bit high-speed data., it can be seen that being sampled for each frame data from Fig. 4,
Two kinds of sample mode sampling errors are lower, and the method for sampling average sample error based on single-bit quantification of the present embodiment is bright
It is aobvious to be lower than traditional sampling error based on analog-digital converter, show that the present invention is based on the high speed spike of single-bit quantification samplings
Method can improve sampling precision with high sampling rate compensating sampling quality.
Shown in sum up, carry out carrying out the processing of high speed difference to the spike in laser ranging system using the present embodiment,
Higher pulse rate can be accommodated in the case where guaranteeing sampling precision, saves great amount of hardware resources, reduce processing power consumption.
Above-described specific descriptions have carried out further specifically the purpose of invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the protection model being not intended to limit the present invention
It encloses, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system, it is characterised in that: including photodetector array, N
A limiting amplifier, atomic clock, frequency synthesizing module, N number of comparator, N number of XOR gate and distance measuring signal processing module；Photoelectricity is visited
It surveys device array and is separately connected N number of limiting amplifier, each limiting amplifier connects corresponding comparator, and corresponding comparator connection corresponds to
XOR gate, N number of XOR gate are separately connected distance measuring signal processing module；Atomic clock rate of connections integration module, frequency synthesizing module
It is separately connected N number of comparator and N number of XOR gate；
The photodetector array is used to the ranging optical signal received being converted to ranging electric signal, and it is sharp parallel to obtain the road N
Peak pulse signal；
The limiting amplifier is used to amplify the spike level of input, exports the first electric signal, while inhibiting excessively high burr
Pulse is to protect back-end circuit；
The atomic clock provides clock source for sampling system；
The frequency synthesizing module is used to carry out phase locking frequency multiplying to clock source, obtains the first clock of the road N and the road N second clock, point
Input clock not as comparator and XOR gate；
The comparator is compared the first electric signal of input with reference voltage, obtains whole under the driving of the first clock
The second electric signal after shape；
The XOR gate is used to the second electric signal and second clock carrying out exclusive or calculating, and the edge position information for obtaining pulse is made
For third electric signal；
The edge position information that the distance measuring signal processing module is used to extract each road pulse according to third electric signal carries out the time
Estimation, obtains range measurements.
2. a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Photodetector uses superconducting nano-wire single-photon detector array.
3. a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Limiting amplifier uses HMC750 chip.
4. a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Comparator uses HMC875 chip.
5. a kind of spike sampling apparatus for laser ranging system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
XOR gate uses HMC851 chip.
6. a kind of spike method of sampling for laser ranging system, it is characterised in that: based on such as claim 1,2,3,4
Or a kind of spike sampling apparatus realization for laser ranging system described in 5, include the following steps:
Step 1: laser ranging system receives ranging optical signal；
Step 2: the optical signal that step 1 is obtained carries out photoelectric conversion by photodetector array, spike electricity is obtained
Signal；
Step 3: carrying out power amplification by limiting amplifier to the low level spike that step 2 obtains, and inhibit excessively high
Burr obtains the first electric signal；
Step 4: the low-frequency clock source that frequency synthesizing module provides atomic clock carries out phase locking frequency multiplying, the first clock and the are generated
Two clocks；
Step 5: the first electric signal that step 3 obtains and the first clock that step 4 obtains are subjected to shaping by comparator,
Obtain the second electric signal；
Step 6: the second electric signal that step 5 obtains and the second clock that step 4 obtains, which are carried out XOR operation, exports ranging
The edge position information of signal, obtains third electric signal, and the calculation formula of XOR operation is
Wherein s3(n) third electric signal, s are indicated2(n) the second electric signal, c are indicated3(n) second clock is indicated；
Step 7: the edge position information for extracting each road pulse to the third electric signal that step 6 obtains carries out time Estimate, obtain
To range measurements.
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Application publication date: 20190528 |