CN110455282A - A kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar - Google Patents
A kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar Download PDFInfo
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- CN110455282A CN110455282A CN201910753258.1A CN201910753258A CN110455282A CN 110455282 A CN110455282 A CN 110455282A CN 201910753258 A CN201910753258 A CN 201910753258A CN 110455282 A CN110455282 A CN 110455282A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/02—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by astronomical means
- G01C21/025—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by astronomical means with the use of startrackers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar, the device which is related to is made of radio telescope, receiver, left-handed polarization port, right-hand polarization port, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, the first multiphase filter group, the second multiphase filter group, the first fast Fourier transformer, the second fast Fourier transformer, Stokes' parameter calculator, integrator, formatter, ten thousand mbit ethernets, data buffer, pulser data formatter, data storage.Pulsar signal converges at receiver through radio telescope and carries out frequency-conversion processing, by analog-digital converter, multiphase filter group, fast Fourier transformer conversion, two paths of signals is subjected to related, integral and data encapsulation process again, data buffer is transmitted to outer net through 10,000,000,000, data format is finally turned into calibration pulse star FITS format and is stored.The system can realize the repetition configuration and quickly design and verifying of observation, realize rapid deployment function to pulsar signal processing system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in radio astronomy observations of pulsar to the pulsar terminal of data progress digitized processing
System, dedicated for the processing of pulsar search, folding mode and arrival time observation data.
Background technique
It is well known that pulsar is the magnetized neutron star of height, the magnetic pole at it can generate relevant radio radiation, due to
Its rotation is highly stable, so working as the inswept terrestrial time of radiation beam, radio telescope will receive the pulse of series of periodic
Signal.Radio astronomy researcher can carry out gravitational wave detection, pulsar is led by the precise measurement to pulse arrival time
The relevant observational study such as boat, Pulsar timing and compact object physics, interstellar matter and galaxy medium.
26 meter radio telescope of Xinjiang observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences South Mountain is that China carries out observations of pulsar research earliest
The astronomical station has become the important base of China's observations of pulsar by the development of more than ten years.Currently, Xin Jiangtai possesses pulse
Two sets of observation systems of star pulse and arrival time, the pulsar period, mechanical periodicity rate, voluntarily, flux density it is long-term
Variation, interstellar scintillation and accidental period transition etc. achieve good observed result, and obtain of great value grind
Study carefully data.
Since pulsar signal will receive the influence of dispersion when passing through interstellar matter plasma, lead to high-frequency impulse
Signal first reaches radio telescope, and reaches after low frequency pulse signal, can thus cause to generate between the signal of different frequency
Time delay.In order to eliminate time delay, De-dispersion can be carried out using relevant and incoherent two methods.Using relevant colour killing
The signal-to-noise ratio of pulse signal can be improved in scattered technology, weakens dispersive broadening, and can detect the fine knot of pulse signal
Structure.In order to improve the sensitivity of observations of pulsar, need to increase observation bandwidth.In addition, some pulsars have extremely strong line inclined
It shakes characteristic, this has great importance for the geometry of radiation area for studying pulsar, so wish can by observation scientist
With the observation polarized entirely.In addition, the pulse of some pulsars also shows subtle structure, pass through these fine structures
Can further disclose pulsar radiation physical mechanism, so pulsar wish in terms of data processing terminal can satisfy into
The observation requirements of row high time resolution.
Twenty years ago Xinjiang observatory use pulsar terminal system be mainly AFB (Analogue Filter Bank,
Abbreviation AFB), as simulation multi-channel filter group De-dispersion system, the simulation terminal have 2 polarizations, and 128 channels are single
Bandwidth chahnel is 2.5MHz, and sampling precision 1bit, minimum time resolution ratio is 100 μ s, since it has a single function, narrow bandwidth,
Frequency channel number is fixed and unadjustable, and quantified precision is low, and temporal resolution is low, incoherent De-dispersion can only be carried out, to be difficult to
Meet current PRF star observation requirements.With the development of ADC high-speed sampling, the promotion of Digital Signal Processing, and can compile
The fast development of journey gate array FPGA, has emerged a collection of digital filter system successively in the world, such as DFB, GUPPI,
DIBAS, WAPP, PUMA etc..The DFB (Pulsar Digital Filter Bank, abbreviation DFB) that Xinjiang observatory uses now
The pulsar filter group for the number developed for Australian ATNF 2009, observation bandwidth 500MHz, 2048 frequencies are logical
Road, disadvantage are equally narrow bandwidth, and not having folding and calibration function, the data finally stored online is not the pulse of standard
Star FITS format (PSRFITS), and the observation of pulsar arrival time can only be done, do not have pulsar function of searching.
China is completed at present and the large-scale radio telescope that will be built has very much, and observations of pulsar is studied
It must be one of the core scientific goal of many large-scale radio telescopes.Under the premise of herein, major station is to observations of pulsar end
The development demand of end system is all very urgent.
Paper " the pulsar terminal development progress based on ROACH2 " proposes a kind of pulsar terminal, and the terminal is currently
Incoherent observation mode is completed, can be used for pulse observation or the general pulsar arrival time observation of time precision requirement.It should
Pulsar terminal combines the pulsar data processing software of corresponding radio telescope system and external exploitation, and it is hard to demonstrate the terminal
The stability and reliability of part platform have reached the requirement that investment observation uses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar, what which was related to
Device is turned by radio telescope, receiver, left-handed polarization port, right-hand polarization port, the first analog-digital converter, the second modulus
Parallel operation, the first multiphase filter group, the second multiphase filter group, the first fast Fourier transformer, the second fast Fourier become
Parallel operation, Stokes' parameter calculator, integrator, formatter, ten thousand mbit ethernets, data buffer, pulser data formatter,
Data storage composition.Pulsar signal converges at receiver through radio telescope and carries out frequency-conversion processing, by receiver
Left and right rotation polarization port output, carries out high-speed sampling through analog-digital converter, after the processing of multiphase filter group, then through quick Fu
In leaf variation be converted to frequency-region signal, treated left-right rotary polarized signal is then subjected to relevant treatment, then by integral and
Data format encapsulation, Jing Wanzhao is transmitted to data buffer with outer net, then data format is turned to calibration pulse star FITS format,
And it is finally stored.The system is acquired based on ROACH2 data with front end is pre-processed and data processing and storage based on HPC
Rear end may be implemented to repeat to configure and quickly designs and verify by systematic observation software, real to pulsar signal processing system
Existing rapid deployment function.
A kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention, the device which is related to is by penetrating
Radiotelescope, receiver, left-handed polarization port, right-hand polarization port, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, first
Multiphase filter group, the second multiphase filter group, the first fast Fourier transformer, the second fast Fourier transformer, Si Tuo
Gram this parameter calculator, integrator, formatter, ten thousand mbit ethernets, data buffer, pulsar data formatter, data storage
Device composition, receiver (2) are located at the position of radio telescope (1) focus, left-handed polarization port (3) and right-hand polarization port (4)
Medium frequency output end positioned at receiver (2), left-handed polarization port (3) are connected with the first analog-digital converter (5), the first analog-to-digital conversion
Device (5) is connected with the first multiphase filter group (7), the first multiphase filter group (7) and the first fast Fourier transformer (9) phase
Even；Right-hand polarization port (4) is connected with the second analog-digital converter (6), the second analog-digital converter (6) and the second multiphase filter group
(8) it is connected, the second multiphase filter group (8) is connected with the second fast Fourier transformer (10)；First Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Device (9) and the second fast Fourier transformer (10) are connected with Stokes' parameter calculator (11) respectively, Stokes' parameter
Calculator (11) is connected with integrator (12), and integrator (12) is connected with formatter (13), formatter (13) and ten thousand mbit ethernets
(14) it is connected, ten thousand mbit ethernets (14) are connected with data buffer (15), data buffer (15) and pulsar data formatter
(16) it is connected, pulser data formatter (16) is connected with data storage (17), and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, original pulse star signal enters at receiver (2) feed after radio telescope (1) reflection, passes through reception later
It is exported after machine (2) down-converted through left-handed polarization port (3) and right-hand polarization port (4)；
B, left-hand polarized signals are through the first analog-digital converter (5), the first multiphase filter group (7) and the first fast Fourier
Stokes' parameter calculator (11) are transmitted to after converter (9) processing；Right-hand polarized signals through the second analog-digital converter (6),
Stokes' parameter calculator is transmitted to after second multiphase filter group (8) and the second fast Fourier transformer (10) processing
(11)；
C, Stokes' parameter calculator (11) is transmitted to after left-handed polarization and right-hand polarized signals are carried out parameter calculating
Integrator (12) carries out Integral Processing, is transmitted to formatter (13) later and is packaged packing, then passes through ten thousand mbit ethernets (14)
It transports to data buffer (15), then converts a signal into the pulsar of Astronomical application Plays through pulse sing data formatter (16)
FITS format, and be finally transmitted to data storage (17) and stored.
A kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, original pulse star is believed
Number through radio telescope (1) reflection after enter receiver (2) feed at, by receiver (2) filtering, amplification, mixing after export
For left-handed and right-hand polarization two paths of signals, export through left-handed polarization port (3) and right-hand polarization port (4) to restructural open
Framework hardware computing platform (ROACH2) is handled；ROACH2 specifically includes analog-digital converter (ADC), multiphase filter group
(PFB), fast Fourier transformer (FFT), Stokes' parameter calculator (Stokes), integrator (Accu) and formatter
(Pack), realize that analog-to-digital conversion, multiphase filtering, time domain turn frequency domain, parameter calculates, integral and data are packaged by above-mentioned module
With format etc. functions；After through ten thousand mbit ethernets (10GbE) be transmitted to high-performance computer (HPC)；HPC specifically includes data
Buffer (FIFO), pulsar data formatter (PSRFITS) and data storage (Storage), are realized by above-mentioned module
Data buffer storage converts a signal into the functions such as calibration pulse star FITS format and final data storage.
Compared with a kind of pulsar terminal that paper " the pulsar terminal development progress based on ROACH2 " refers to, the present invention
It is the observations of pulsar system of complete set, not only has the hardware platform of pulsar terminal, is also equipped with to radio telescope, connects
The control of receipts machine and to the pulse sing data observed carry out processing and store function.Specifically, pulse is referred to paper
Star terminal is compared, and a kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention, which can be realized, carries out 8bit data
Real-time sampling, it can be achieved that bandwidth be 512 or 1024MHz pulsar signal high speed acquisition, it can be achieved that 128,256,512,
1024,2048,4096,8192 FFT frequency channels are switched fast, and it is delicate that the smallest time of integration can achieve 32；Paper mentions
And pulsar terminal hardware platform, be by the data processing software dspsr and Presto in conjunction with external pulsar field come
Its feasibility is verified, a complete system can not be referred to as.
System of the present invention develops at corresponding observations of pulsar and data under the premise of hardware performance is promoted
Software (Fig. 2) is managed, it can be achieved that control function to radio telescope and receiver, system input signal can for two-way linear polarization or
Circular polarization signal exports the matrix for two-way polarization signal after related, finally the real-time display (Fig. 3) of achievable frequency spectrum, and right
Frequency spectrum and ADC are monitored and diagnose (Fig. 4), which can not only do pulsar search pattern, can also complete to roll over online
Azido functional and realization calibration observation mode, and the pulsar FITS format (PSRFITS) of astronomical field standard is ultimately generated, and
And data correspondence is also equipped with accurate time scale information, timestamp and radio source information；
Fig. 5 is the observed result of the pulsar J1740-3015 under folding mode, and wherein the left side is to use the corresponding sight of DFB
Survey as a result, the right be a kind of observed result of the digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention, can see
The present invention is very good with the consistency of DFB out, and is promoted in terms of sensitivity and noise suppressed, so that profile more refinement
It causes.
For synthesis, a kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention is, it can be achieved that pulse
And carry out the observation of millisecond pulsar arrival time, it can be achieved that base band data mode, can carry out prolonged pulsar search and
It is online to fold observation mode, and frequency spectrum can be monitored and be calibrated in real time.The system is acquired based on ROACH2 data
With pretreatment front end and data processing based on HPC and storage rear end, may be implemented to repeat to configure by systematic observation software and
Quickly design and verifying realize rapid deployment function to pulsar signal processing system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present system overall structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is present system observation and data processing software surface chart；
Fig. 3 is present system noise spectrum monitoring result；
Fig. 4 is that the ADC monitoring function of present system is shown；
Fig. 5 is the comparison of present system and the observed result of DFB, and wherein the left side is DFB observed result, and the right is for this
System result.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar of the present invention, the device which is related to is by penetrating
Radiotelescope, receiver, left-handed polarization port, right-hand polarization port, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, first
Multiphase filter group, the second multiphase filter group, the first fast Fourier transformer, the second fast Fourier transformer, Si Tuo
Gram this parameter calculator, integrator, formatter, ten thousand mbit ethernets, data buffer, pulsar data formatter, data storage
Device composition, receiver 2 are located at the position of 1 focus of radio telescope, and left-handed polarization port 3 and right-hand polarization port 4, which are located at, to be received
The medium frequency output end of machine 2, left-handed polarization port 3 are connected with the first analog-digital converter 5, the first analog-digital converter 5 and the first multiphase
Filter group 7 is connected, and the first multiphase filter group 7 is connected with the first fast Fourier transformer 9；Right-hand polarization port 4 and
Two analog-digital converters 6 are connected, and the second analog-digital converter 6 is connected with the second multiphase filter group 8, the second multiphase filter group 8 and
Second fast Fourier transformer 10 is connected；First fast Fourier transformer 9 and the second fast Fourier transformer 10 and this
Stokes parameter calculator 11 is connected, and Stokes' parameter calculator 11 is connected with integrator 12, integrator 12 and formatter 13
Be connected, formatter 13 is connected with ten thousand mbit ethernets 14, and ten thousand mbit ethernets 14 are connected with data buffer 15, data buffer 15 and
Pulsar data formatter 16 is connected, and pulser data formatter 16 is connected with data storage 17, and following step is pressed in concrete operations
It is rapid to carry out:
Firstly, systematic observation software formulates pulsar source table to be observed, title, pulsar institute including pulsar
Right ascension and declination coordinate, it is converted after corresponding antenna bearingt and pitch angle, observe the station latitude, longitude and sea
Degree of lifting, reselection need the receiver of corresponding wave band to be used, setting frequency, bandwidth, noise source, pad value and correlation or
Then the irrelevant mode of person, selection folding, search or arrival time observation mode control radio telescope trace pulse star and penetrate
Power supply；
In tracking after radio source, original pulse star signal enters at 2 feed of receiver after the reflection of radio telescope 1, it
Afterwards by being exported after 2 down-converted of receiver through left-handed polarization port 3 and right-hand polarization port 4；
Left-hand polarized signals are through the first analog-digital converter 5, the first multiphase filter group 7 and the first fast Fourier transformer
Stokes' parameter calculator 11 is transmitted to after 9 processing；Right-hand polarized signals are through the second analog-digital converter 6, the second multiphase filtering
Stokes' parameter calculator 11 is transmitted to after device group 8 and the processing of the second fast Fourier transformer 10；
Stokes' parameter calculator 11 is transmitted to integral after left-handed polarization and right-hand polarized signals are carried out parameter calculating
Device 12 carries out Integral Processing, is transmitted to formatter 13 later and is packaged packing, and it is slow to be transmitted to data by ten thousand mbit ethernets 14
Storage 15, then the pulsar FITS format of Astronomical application Plays is converted a signal into through pulse sing data formatter 16, and most
Data storage 17 is transmitted to eventually to be stored.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of digital termination system applied to observations of pulsar, it is characterised in that the device that the system is related to is hoped by radio
Remote mirror, receiver, left-handed polarization port, right-hand polarization port, the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, the first multiphase
Filter group, the second multiphase filter group, the first fast Fourier transformer, the second fast Fourier transformer, Stokes
Parameter calculator, integrator, formatter, ten thousand mbit ethernets, data buffer, pulsar data formatter, data storage group
At receiver (2) is located at the position of radio telescope (1) focus, and left-handed polarization port (3) and right-hand polarization port (4) are located at
The medium frequency output end of receiver (2), left-handed polarization port (3) are connected with the first analog-digital converter (5), the first analog-digital converter
(5) it is connected with the first multiphase filter group (7), the first multiphase filter group (7) and the first fast Fourier transformer (9) phase
Even；Right-hand polarization port (4) is connected with the second analog-digital converter (6), the second analog-digital converter (6) and the second multiphase filter group
(8) it is connected, the second multiphase filter group (8) is connected with the second fast Fourier transformer (10)；First Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Device (9) and the second fast Fourier transformer (10) are connected with Stokes' parameter calculator (11) respectively, Stokes' parameter
Calculator (11) is connected with integrator (12), and integrator (12) is connected with formatter (13), formatter (13) and ten thousand mbit ethernets
(14) it is connected, ten thousand mbit ethernets (14) are connected with data buffer (15), data buffer (15) and pulsar data formatter
(16) it is connected, pulser data formatter (16) is connected with data storage (17), and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, original pulse star signal enters at receiver (2) feed after radio telescope (1) reflection, passes through receiver later
(2) it is exported after down-converted through left-handed polarization port (3) and right-hand polarization port (4)；
B, left-hand polarized signals are through the first analog-digital converter (5), the first multiphase filter group (7) and the first Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Stokes' parameter calculator (11) are transmitted to after device (9) processing；Right-hand polarized signals are through the second analog-digital converter (6), second
Stokes' parameter calculator (11) are transmitted to after multiphase filter group (8) and the second fast Fourier transformer (10) processing；
C, Stokes' parameter calculator (11) is transmitted to integral after left-handed polarization and right-hand polarized signals are carried out parameter calculating
Device (12) carries out Integral Processing, is transmitted to formatter (13) later and is packaged packing, then is transmitted to through ten thousand mbit ethernets (14)
Data buffer (15), then convert a signal into through pulse sing data formatter (16) the pulsar FITS of Astronomical application Plays
Format, and be finally transmitted to data storage (17) and stored.
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| CN111414257A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-14 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Pulsar signal multi-channel filtering method and device and storage medium |
| CN111464215A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Signal acquisition and processing system and method |
| CN111487473A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Automatic detection system and method for rapid radio storm |
| CN112600533A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Filter bank for radio astronomical observation |
| CN113433817A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 贵州射电天文台 | Pulsar clock system and method based on FAST pulsar observation |
| CN113765614A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | System and method for improving information receiving efficiency of PAF data processing terminal |
| CN113783637A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-10 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Sideband separated radio astronomical signal receiving device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111414257A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-14 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Pulsar signal multi-channel filtering method and device and storage medium |
| CN111464215A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Signal acquisition and processing system and method |
| CN111464215B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-06-04 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Signal acquisition and processing system and method |
| CN111487473B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Automatic detection system and method for rapid radio storm |
| CN111487473A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Automatic detection system and method for rapid radio storm |
| CN112600533A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Filter bank for radio astronomical observation |
| CN112600533B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Filter bank for radio astronomical observation |
| CN113433817B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-10-11 | 贵州射电天文台 | Pulsar clock system and method based on FAST pulsar observation |
| CN113433817A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 贵州射电天文台 | Pulsar clock system and method based on FAST pulsar observation |
| CN113765614A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | System and method for improving information receiving efficiency of PAF data processing terminal |
| CN113765614B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | System and method for improving information receiving efficiency of PAF data processing terminal |
| CN113783637A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-10 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Sideband separated radio astronomical signal receiving device |
| CN113783637B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Radio astronomical signal receiving device with separated sidebands |
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