CN109793003A - Sesame downgrades strong bacillum and its application technology - Google Patents
Sesame downgrades strong bacillum and its application technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109793003A CN109793003A CN201910114777.3A CN201910114777A CN109793003A CN 109793003 A CN109793003 A CN 109793003A CN 201910114777 A CN201910114777 A CN 201910114777A CN 109793003 A CN109793003 A CN 109793003A
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- sesame
- strong
- bacillum
- spray
- cycocel
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- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 249
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 264
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N (Z)-3-ethoxy-2-naphthalen-2-ylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)C(\C#N)=C/OCC)=CC=C21 DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 cycocel Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 68
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 28
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940038879 chelated zinc Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000722948 Apocynum cannabinum Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000830535 Ligustrum lucidum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005984 Mepiquat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020384 spinach juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to sesame technical field of cultivation, and in particular to sesame downgrades strong bacillum and its application technology, downgrades strong bacillum and its method of administration further to a kind of sesame.The present invention provides a kind of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing, including dwarfing agent and strong bacillum, the strong bacillum are sodium metasilicate and/or lime；The dwarfing agent is at least one of paclobutrazol, cycocel, mepiquat chloride.The present invention also provides the method for administration that a kind of sesame downgrades strong bacillum, include the following steps: 1) before sesame sowing, applies strong bacillum to soil, then rotary tillage soil；2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, foliage-spray dwarfing agent, in sesame squaring period, dwarfing agent is sprayed on blade face again again.Sesame provided by the invention, which downgrades strong bacillum and method of administration, can be effectively reduced sesame beginning capsule position, shorten fruit shaft length, enhance sesame straw stiffness, downgrade sesame plant, while enhancing the resistance to fracture of sesame, improve Sesame Seed Yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sesame technical field of cultivation, and in particular to sesame downgrades strong bacillum and its application technology, further
It is related to a kind of sesame and downgrades strong bacillum and its method of administration.
Background technique
In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, it is also deeper and deeper to the cognition of sesame healthcare function, sesame market
Demand is increasing, and import volume also increases year by year.Sesame is drought-enduring resistance to lean, is the main industrial crops in high temperature and drought area.By
It is thinner in sesame stalk, and plant is higher, rise joint by joint like sesame flowers on the stem, constantly up as a result, causing top-heavy, it is easy to it lodges,
Sesame late growth is not only caused to be obstructed, hollow kernels, and make sesame seed be spread on field and production loss, and sesame
Plant is excessively high or inclination, lodging are unfavorable for carrying out mechanized harvest.Due to every kind of crop to the inductive effects of different reagents not
Together, even if reagent of the same race, every kind of crop is to different using concentration or different growth period inductive effects are also different.And sesame
For fine grain crop, sesame seed seed is small, thin skin, such as strong bacillum method of application is improper easily causes burning kind, leads to not
Germination.Therefore, while how realizing that sesame downgrades strong bar at the same time, the yield for not influencing sesame becomes a research hotspot.
Prior art patent document CN107889605A discloses a kind of fertilizing method for promoting sesame nutritive value, specifically
Method is as follows: seedling stage and flowering stage distinguish solution of root application, and citric acid chelated zinc nutrient solution of flowering stage foliage-spray is contained
Calcium superphosphate nutrient solution of florescence foliage-spray；The solution, is prepared from the following raw materials: spinach juice, borax, potassium nitrate,
Citric acid chelated iron, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis polysaccharide, glossy privet fruit extract, water.The citric acid chelated zinc nutrient solution, by following raw material system
At: citric acid chelated zinc, bluish dogbane polysaccharide, water.The calcium superphosphate nutrient solution, is prepared from the following raw materials: calcium superphosphate, mountain
Jiang Su, water.Above-mentioned fertilizing method can effectively facilitate Miao Qiang robust seedling, enhance the waterlogging-resistant ability of drought resisting of sesame plant, effectively facilitate
The sturdy growth of stem, effectively enhancing lodging tolerance.However above-mentioned fertilizing method, solution complicated components used, and only have
The sturdy effect for promoting stem, without the effect for downgrading sesame stalk.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome sesame stalk thinner, plant is higher, and capsule position is higher, easily inclination, lodging, and
Lead to Sesame Seed Yield loss, be unfavorable for mechanized harvest, existing fertilizing method complicated components do not have both strong bar, downgrade stalk work
With the problem of, and then a kind of sesame is provided and downgrades strong bacillum and its method of administration.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing, including dwarfing agent and strong bacillum, the strong bacillum are sodium metasilicate and/or lime；
The dwarfing agent is at least one of paclobutrazol, cycocel, mepiquat chloride.
Preferably, the amount of application of the strong bacillum is 40-100kg/ mus；The spraying concentration of the dwarfing agent is 200-
500mg/L, the amount of spraying are 6-15g/ mus.
The present invention also provides the method for administration that a kind of sesame described above downgrades strong bacillum, include the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, strong bacillum is applied to soil, then rotary tillage soil；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, foliage-spray dwarfing agent, in sesame squaring period, dwarfing agent is sprayed on blade face again again.
Preferably, the strong bacillum is sodium metasilicate and lime, and the amount of application of the sodium metasilicate is 20-50kg/ mus, institute
The amount of application for stating lime is 20-50kg/ mus.
Preferably, the dwarfing agent is cycocel, and the spraying concentration of the cycocel is 400mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 12g/
Mu；
The amount of application of the sodium metasilicate is 30kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the lime is 30kg/ mus.
Preferably, step 1) the rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm；
After the rotary tillage soil, in the grown on soil sesame seed, the planting density of the sesame seed is
33cm×8cm-33cm×10cm.In the present invention, the planting density of the sesame seed refer to sesame seed line-spacing and
Spacing in the rows, such as when the planting density of sesame seed is 33cm × 8cm, refer to that the line-spacing between sesame seed is 33cm, strain
Away from for 8cm.
Preferably, the sodium metasilicate and lime are all powdery.
Preferably, continuous high temperature arid season is in true leaf seedling stage and squaring period such as the 3-4 of sesame, then not to sesame into
Row foliage-spray dwarfing agent.
Preferably, the time for carrying out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame is the dusk 17:00 of non-continuous hot-dry season
After.
Preferably, there is rain fall in 12 hours after such as carrying out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame, then again to sesame
Carry out foliage-spray dwarfing agent.
Preferably, continuous high temperature arid season is in true leaf seedling stage and squaring period such as the 3-4 of sesame, then selection is in rainfall
It is less than or equal to carry out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame in three days afterwards.
Foliage-spray cycocel also can choose when sesame is grown to 3-4 to true leaf and spray for the first time in the present invention,
It sprays within midfeather 7-10 days second.The continuous high temperature arid season or weather refer to 35 DEG C of temperature in the present invention
More than, there is no the case where rainfall within continuous 15 days or more.Non-continuous hot-dry season or weather of the present invention refer to
There is rain fall in 15 days before spraying dwarfing agent to sesame.Such as there is rainfall in 3 days before spraying dwarfing agent to sesame, then may be used
To spray dwarfing agent to sesame.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention provides a kind of sesames to downgrade strong bacillum and its method of administration, thinner for sesame stalk, plant compared with
Height, capsule position is higher, easily inclination, lodging, and leads to Sesame Seed Yield loss, is unfavorable for mechanized harvest, according to sesame
The fertility growth characteristics and uptake characters of fiber crops, using nutrient needed for plant growth regulator, plant as primary raw material, and pass through field
Between test be determined that sesame of the present invention downgrades strong bacillum and its method of administration, by being applied before sesame sowing to soil
Enter strong bacillum, then rotary tillage soil, sowing sesame seed, dwarfing agent of foliage-spray when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage,
Sesame squaring period, a dwarfing agent was sprayed on blade face again again, and the amount of application of the strong bacillum is 40-100kg/ mus；The spray of the dwarfing agent
Applying concentration is 200-500mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 6-15g/ mus, effectively reduces sesame beginning capsule position, shortens fruit shaft length,
Sesame straw stiffness is enhanced, sesame plant has been downgraded, while enhancing the resistance to fracture of sesame, improves sesame production
Amount, improves sesame economic value, realizing sesame, Every grain should be sent to the granary, and smoothly completes sesame mechanized harvest.
The method of administration that strong bacillum is downgraded by using sesame of the present invention, can obviously downgrade sesame plant height
25.3cm, hence it is evident that reduce sesame beginning capsule position 15.2cm, hence it is evident that shorten fruit shaft length 1.4cm, improve sesame maturity period stalk base
The anti-breaking force 4.5N in portion improves Sesame Seed Yield 86kg/hm2, solve that sesame stalk is excessively high, be easy the problem of lodging, be conducive to
Sesame mechanized harvest reduces the sesame mechanized harvest grain loss because caused by stalk is too long or lodging in the process,
While improving Sesame Seed Yield, the rate of putting in storage of sesame mechanized harvest is improved.There is boundless answer in sesame production
Use prospect.
2, sesame provided by the invention downgrades the method for administration of strong bacillum, and further, the strong bacillum is sodium metasilicate
And lime, the amount of application of the sodium metasilicate are 20-50kg/ mus, the amount of application of the lime is 20-50kg/ mus, and the present invention is logical
The sodium metasilicate and lime of soil application specific quantity are crossed, the dwarfing agent of foliage-spray certain concentration can further decrease the sesame beginning
Fruit shaft length is shortened at capsule position, enhances sesame straw stiffness, sesame plant is downgraded, to improve Sesame Seed Yield.Further
, the dwarfing agent is cycocel, and the spraying concentration of the cycocel is 400mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 12g/ mus；The metasilicic acid
The amount of application of sodium is 30kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the lime is 30kg/ mus.Under this dosage, inventor has found it to reduction sesame
Fruit shaft length is shortened at numb beginning capsule position, enhances sesame straw stiffness, downgrades sesame plant better effect.On this basis, originally
It is 10-12cm that invention, which further limits the rotary tillage depth of soil,；The planting density of the sesame seed is 33cm × 8cm-33
× 10cm, the sodium metasilicate and lime are all powdery, with this condition, can further decrease sesame beginning capsule position, are shortened
Fruit shaft length enhances sesame straw stiffness, downgrades sesame plant.
3, sesame provided by the invention downgrades the method for administration of strong bacillum, further, if the 3-4 of sesame is to true leaf seedling stage
It is in continuous high temperature arid season with squaring period, then selection is less than or equal in three days short to sesame progress foliage-spray after rainfall
Agent.Present invention selection is less than or equal to carry out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame in three days after rainfall, can effectively enhance dwarfing
The function and effect of agent.Further, after the period for carrying out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame is dusk 17:00, through studying
It was found that cycocel can be further enhanced after the period for carrying out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame is selected as dusk 17:00
Function and effect.
Specific embodiment
There is provided following embodiments is to preferably further understand the present invention, it is not limited to the best embodiment party
Formula is not construed as limiting the contents of the present invention and protection scope, anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by the present invention and its
The feature of his prior art is combined and any and identical or similar product of the present invention for obtaining, all falls within of the invention
Within protection scope.
Specific experiment step or condition person are not specified in embodiment, according to the literature in the art described routine experiment
The operation of step or condition can carry out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, being can be by commercially available acquisition
Conventional reagent product.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of administration of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing is present embodiments provided, wherein test period is 2018, test
Place is Jiangxi Province Poyang County, is included the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, 30kg/ mus of sodium metasilicate (sodium metasilicate is powdery) is applied to soil, then rotary tillage soil
Earth (rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm), sows sesame seed, and the planting density of sesame seed is 33cm × 8cm；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, (i.e. to sesame foliage-spray paclobutrazol under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within first 5 days) to paclobutrazol of sesame foliage-spray, (spraying concentration of paclobutrazol is 200mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 15g/
Mu, spraying time section are dusk 17:00-18:00), (i.e. to gingili leaf under sesame squaring period, non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall in 2 days before spraying paclobutrazol in face) again blade face spray again a paclobutrazol (spraying concentration of paclobutrazol be 200mg/L, spray
Amount is 15g/ mus, and spraying time section is dusk 17:00-18:00).
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of administration of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing is present embodiments provided, wherein test period is 2018, test
Place is Jiangxi Province Poyang County, is included the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, 30kg/ mus of lime (lime is powdery), then rotary tillage soil (rotary tillage are applied to soil
Depth of soil is 10-12cm), sesame seed is sowed, the planting density of sesame seed is 33cm × 10cm；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, (i.e. to sesame foliage-spray paclobutrazol under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within first 4 days) to paclobutrazol of sesame foliage-spray, (spraying concentration of paclobutrazol is 400mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 6g/
Mu, spraying time section are dusk dusk 17:00-18:00), (i.e. to sesame under sesame squaring period, non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within 2 days before numb foliage-spray paclobutrazol) again blade face spray again a paclobutrazol (spraying concentration of paclobutrazol be 200mg/L,
The amount of spraying is 6g/ mus, and spraying time section is dusk 18:00-19:00).
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of administration of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing is present embodiments provided, wherein test period is 2018, test
Place is Jiangxi Province Poyang County, is included the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, to soil apply 20kg/ mus sodium metasilicates (sodium metasilicate is powdery) and 20kg/ mus
Lime (lime is powdery), then rotary tillage soil (rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm), sows sesame seed, sesame seed
Planting density is 33cm × 10cm；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, (i.e. to sesame foliage-spray cycocel under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within first 3 days) to cycocel of sesame foliage-spray, (spraying concentration of cycocel is 200mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 8g/
Mu, spraying time section are dusk 19:00-20:00), in sesame squaring period, (i.e. to sesame under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within 3 days before foliage-spray cycocel) again blade face spray again a cycocel (spraying concentration of cycocel be 200mg/L, spray
The amount of applying is 8g/ mus, and spraying time section is dusk 19:00-20:00).
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of administration of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing is present embodiments provided, wherein test period is 2018, test
Place is Jiangxi Province Poyang County, is included the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, to soil apply 50kg/ mus sodium metasilicates (sodium metasilicate is powdery) and 50kg/ mus
Lime (lime is powdery), then rotary tillage soil (rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm), sows sesame seed, sesame seed
Planting density is 33cm × 10cm；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, (i.e. to sesame foliage-spray cycocel under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within first 3 days) to cycocel of sesame foliage-spray, (spraying concentration of cycocel is 500mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 10g/
Mu, spraying time section are dusk 19:00-20:00), in sesame squaring period, (i.e. to sesame under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within 3 days before foliage-spray cycocel) again blade face spray again a cycocel (spraying concentration of cycocel be 500mg/L, spray
The amount of applying is 10g/ mus, and spraying time section is dusk 19:00-20:00).
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of administration of strong bacillum of sesame dwarfing is present embodiments provided, wherein test period is 2018, test
Place is Jiangxi Province Poyang County, is included the following steps:
1) before sesame sowing, to soil apply 30kg/ mus sodium metasilicates (sodium metasilicate is powdery) and 30kg/ mus
Lime (lime is powdery), then rotary tillage soil (rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm), sows sesame seed, sesame seed
Planting density is 33cm × 10cm；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, (i.e. to sesame foliage-spray cycocel under non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall within first 3 days) to cycocel of sesame foliage-spray, (spraying concentration of cycocel is 400mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 12g/
Mu, spraying time section are dusk 18:00-19:00), (i.e. to gingili leaf under sesame squaring period, non-continuous high temperature and drought weather
There is rainfall in 2 days before spraying cycocel in face) again blade face spray again a cycocel (spraying concentration of cycocel be 400mg/L, spray
Amount is 12g/ mus, and spraying time section is dusk 18:00-19:00).
The upgrowth situation of the sesame of the method processing of 1-5 through the foregoing embodiment is studied, result of study such as 1 institute of table
Show.
The upgrowth situation for the sesame that table 1 is handled by the method for embodiment 1-5
In order to study the influence of different dwarfing agents and strong bacillum to sesame upgrowth situation, inventor devises a variety of application examinations
Example is tested, it is specific as follows.
Test example 1
For more different dwarfing agents and using concentration to sesame plant Dwarf Effect on Dwarf, and the influence to Sesame Seed Yield, hair
Bright people devises 10 processing test as shown in Table 2 for 2016, and when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, foliage-spray is once downgraded
Agent, sesame squaring period again blade face spray again a dwarfing agent (every time the amount of spraying be 12g/ mus, spraying time section dusk 18:00-
19:00), the planting density of sesame seed is 33cm × 10cm, and test site is Jiangxi Province Jinxian County.
The different dwarfing agents of table 2. and use concentration processing design (2016, unit mg/L)
Test result shows (table 3): sesame setting fruit position is downgraded in different dwarfing agent processing, is shortened fruit shaft length, is reduced
Sesame plant height has certain effect, but effect has a certain difference.From the point of view of the height of beginning capsule position, different dwarfing agents are to sesame
There is Dwarf Effect on Dwarf at numb beginning capsule position, wherein sprays paclobutrazol processing relative to CK control group, beginning capsule position reduces 0.2-
1.7cm, wherein to handle A32016(spraying 400mg/L paclobutrazol) Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is best, and beginning capsule position reduces 1.7cm；It sprays
The opposite CK control group of cycocel processing, beginning capsule position reduces 1.7-12.3cm, wherein to handle A62016(it is short to spray 400mg/L
Strong element) Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is best, and beginning capsule position reduces 12.3cm；It sprays mepiquat chloride and handles opposite CK control group, beginning capsule position reduces
1.0-4.1cm, wherein to handle A82016(spraying 300mg/L mepiquat chloride) Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is best, and beginning capsule position reduces
4.1cm.From the point of view of fruit shaft length, different dwarfing agent processing have certain effect to sesame plant fruit shaft length is shortened, wherein
Paclobutrazol processing is sprayed relative to CK control group, fruit axial length shortens 0.4-1.1cm, wherein to handle A32016(spray 400mg/
L paclobutrazol) effect is best, and fruit shaft length shortens 1.1cm；Cycocel processing is sprayed relative to CK control group, fruit axial length shortens
1.1-8.0cm, wherein to handle A62016(spraying 400mg/L cycocel) effect is best, and fruit shaft length shortens 8.0cm；Spray
Mepiquat chloride processing is applied relative to CK control group, fruit axial length shortens 1.0-3.1cm, wherein to handle A92016(spray 400mg/L
Mepiquat chloride) effect is best, and fruit shaft length shortens 3.1cm.From the point of view of plant height, drop that different dwarfing agents can be different degrees of
The plant height of low sesame stalk, wherein spraying paclobutrazol processing relative to CK control group, plant height reduces 3.4-5.1cm, wherein with
Handle A32016(spraying 400mg/L paclobutrazol) effect is best, and plant height reduces 5.1cm；Cycocel processing is sprayed relative to CK pairs
According to group, plant height reduces 5.3-20.6cm, wherein to handle A62016(spraying 400mg/L cycocel) effect is best, and plant height reduces
20.6cm；Mepiquat chloride processing is sprayed relative to CK control group, plant height reduces 4.7-10.7cm, wherein to handle A92016(spray
Apply 400mg/L mepiquat chloride) effect is best, and plant height reduces 10.7cm.From the point of view of comprehensive three kinds dwarfing agent 9 processing, with processing
A62016The Dwarf Effect on Dwarf that (spraying 400mg/L cycocel) shows is best, reduces sesame setting fruit position by 12.3cm, fruit axis
Length shortens 8.0cm, sesame plant height reduces 20.6cm.
From the point of view of the processing of each dwarfing agent constitutes character and yield effect to Sesame Seed Yield, each dwarfing agent processing is to sesame single plant
Capsule number influences less, the full maturation that cycocel is more advantageous to sesame seed is sprayed in each dwarfing agent processing, wherein handling
A62016The effective grain number of (spraying 400mg/L cycocel) every capsule and the equal highest of mass of 1000 kernel, respectively 4 higher than CK control group and
0.7g.Highest Sesame Seed Yield (979kg/hm2) thus is also obtained, than compareing high 34kg/hm2.Therefore, the present invention is in sesame
Dwarfing agent of foliage-spray when 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, in sesame squaring period, a dwarfing agent is sprayed on blade face again again, opposite to spray it
His short strong agent, or spray cycocel other concentration and can most effectively reduce sesame beginning capsule position, shorten fruit shaft length and reduces sesame
Numb plant height, and obtain highest Sesame Seed Yield.
The different dwarfing agents of table 3. and use concentration are to sesame growing way and to the influence of Sesame Seed Yield
Test example 2
Stalk agent prescription and method of administration are strengthened to obtain sesame, devises within inventor 2016 7 processing tests shown in table 4
(sodium metasilicate and lime are powdery, and rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm, and the depth of seed furrow is 10-12cm), sesame seed
Planting density is 33cm × 10cm, and test site is Jiangxi Province Jinxian County.
The different strong stalk agent of table 4. and application mode design (2016) unit: kg/ mus
Test result shows (table 5), strengthens stalk agent different administration mode, is affected to sesame emergence, Z12016Processing goes out
Seedling quantity ratio Z22016The emergence quantity of processing more 60 (/ cell), Z32016The emergence quantity ratio Z4 of processing2016Handle number of emerging
Amount more 73 (/ cell), Z52016The emergence quantity ratio Z6 of processing2016The emergence quantity of processing is 99 more.Aggregate performance is to apply
The emergence quantity ploughed afterwards illustrates that strong stalk agent (sodium metasilicate or lime) is applied greater than the emergence quantity that kind of the ditch that starts broadcasting behind arable land applies
It can burn sesame seed in seed furrow, and the emergence that can not sprout.Two different strong stalk agent lists are applied to raising sesame maturity period stem
The anti-breaking force of culm base has certain effect, but the effect of sodium metasilicate is better than lime (processing Z12016And Z32016Processing is anti-
Breaking force distinguishes CK2016Handle high 3.5N and 1.4N).Same apply of two kinds of strong stalk agent (sodium metasilicate and lime) can be further improved sesame
The numb anti-breaking force of maturity period basal part of stem, Z52016Anti- breaking force compares Z1 respectively2016Processing and Z32016Handle high 2.2N and 3.3N.
From the point of view of the strong stalk agent of difference constitutes character and Sesame Seed Yield to Sesame Seed Yield, two kinds of strong stalk agent are to raising sesame single plant
Capsule number and the effective grain number of every capsule have certain effect, but the effect of lime is better than sodium metasilicate, Z32016CK is compared in processing2016
Handle single plant capsule number and the effective grain number of every capsule more 6 (a/strains) and 3 (grains/fruit) respectively, Z12016CK is compared in processing2016Handle single plant
Capsule number and more 2 (a/strains) of the effective grain number difference of every capsule and 2 (grains/fruit).Same apply of two kinds of strong stalk agent can further improve sesame
Yield component traits, Z52016CK is compared in processing2016Handle single plant capsule number and the effective grain number of every capsule respectively more 6 (a/strains) and 5 (grain/
Fruit).Thus highest Sesame Seed Yield (Z5 is obtained with two kinds of strong stalk agent are applied2016Yield is 984kg/hm2)。
The different strong stalk agent of table 5. and usage amount are to sesame growing way and to the influence of Sesame Seed Yield
2016 annual test results are integrated it is found that three kinds of dwarfing agent paclobutrazols, cycocel, mepiquat chlorides of various concentration are to sesame
Numb plant has certain dwarfing effect, and has certain effect of increasing production, wherein with spray 400mg/L cycocel effect compared with
It is good.Two kinds of strong stalk agent (sodium metasilicate and lime) can improve sesame maturity period basal part of stem resistance to fracture, and have certain
Effect of increasing production, wherein applying the processing mode ploughed behind field simultaneously with two kinds of strong stalk agent and can obtain best sesame basal part of stem
Resistance to fracture, and obtain highest Sesame Seed Yield.
Test example 3
Based on test result in 2016, it is contemplated that the different growth period of sesame sprays cycocel or sprays more highly concentrated
The cycocel of degree may result in different result.Inventor in 2017 devises to be sprayed in sesame different growing stage
400mg/L or 500mg/L cycocel, having separately designed 8 processing tests shown in table 6, (amount of spraying is 12g/ mus every time, is sprayed
Period dusk 18:00-19:00), the planting density of sesame seed is 33 × 10cm, and test site is Jiangxi Province Jinxian County.
6. cycocel of table uses concentration and period processing design (2017, unit: mg/L)
| Spray pharmacy period | A12017 | A22017 | A32017 | A42017 | A52017 | A62017 | A72017 | CK2017 |
| True leaf seedling stage | 400 | 400 | 0 | 400 | 0 | 500 | 500 | 0 |
| Squaring period | 400 | 400 | 400 | 0 | 400 | 0 | 500 | 0 |
| Flowering stage | 0 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Test result shows (table 7), and the number for spraying cycocel is different, has difference to sesame growing way and yield effect effect
It is different.General trend is to spray that number is more, (spray A2 three times better to sesame plant Dwarf Effect on Dwarf2017Plant height is handled than spray two
Secondary A12017、A32017And A42017Processing difference short 1.5cm, 10.8cm and 8.5cm, spray processing A1 twice2017、A32017With
A42017Handle the plant height A5 more primary than spraying respectively2017Handle short 18.3cm, 9.0cm, 11.3cm).In terms of yield, with
A12017Therefore processing (seedling stage and squaring period respectively spray a 400mg/L cycocel) Sesame Seed Yield highest sprays cycocel three times
Although sesame stalk height, reduction result beginning capsule position and shortening fruit shaft length effect are best to downgrading, sesame is affected
The composition of yield.In the case where equally spraying twice, with A12017(it is short strong that seedling stage and squaring period respectively spray a 400mg/L for processing
Element) Dwarf Effect on Dwarf is better than A32017Handle (squaring period and flowering stage respectively spray a 400mg/L cycocel) and A42017Handle (seedling stage
A 400mg/L cycocel is respectively sprayed with flowering stage), A12017A3 is compared in processing respectively2017Processing and A42017Handle the short 9.3cm of plant height
And 7.0cm.In addition, being increased to 500mg/ on the basis of 400mg/L cycocel from the point of view of the effect that different spraying concentrations reflect
L cannot further downgrade the plant height of sesame, and from the point of view of the growing way of field, and the cycocel for spraying 500mg/L concentration can be to sesame sesame
Sesame slices piece is burnt influence, and then is influenced Sesame Seed Yield and constituted character and Sesame Seed Yield.From the point of view of single plant capsule number, processing
A72017Than handling A12017Few 1.9 fruits strain；From the point of view of the effective grain number of every capsule, A7 is handled2017Than handling A120174.7 few/
Fruit, thus lead to yield (processing A7 of the cycocel yield lower than spray 400mg/L processing for spraying 500mg/L concentration2017Than processing
A12017Low output 113kg/hm2).In summary result it is found that when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage 400mg/ of foliage-spray
The cycocel of L, in sesame squaring period, the cycocel of a 400mg/L is sprayed on blade face again again, both can be effectively controlled sesame plant height, reduces
Shorten fruit shaft length, and Sesame Seed Yield can also be improved in sesame beginning capsule position.
7. cycocel of table is using concentration and sprays period to sesame growing way and to the influence of Sesame Seed Yield
Test example 4
Stalk agent optimum spraying amount is strengthened to obtain sesame, inventor devises for 2017 on the basis of test result in 2016
The test of 4 processing shown in table 8 (sodium metasilicate and lime are powdery, and rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm), the kind of sesame seed
Density in planting is 33 × 10cm, and test site is Jiangxi Province Jinxian County.
The different strong stalk agent of table 8. and application mode design (2017) unit: kg/ mus
Test result shows and (is shown in Table 9), and strong stalk agent different administration amount has a certain impact to sesame stalk resistance to fracture,
Wherein Z22017Handle the anti-breaking force ratio Z1 of sesame stalkAt 2017Manage high 1.8N, and Z22017Processing and Z32017Processing, Z42017Processing
It is little to the anti-breaking force difference of sesame.From the point of view of strong stalk agent different amounts are on Sesame Seed Yield constitutes character and Sesame Seed Yield influences,
Z22017Handle sesame single plant capsule number ratio Z12017Processing is 3 more, output increased 11kg/hm2, and Z22017Processing and Z32017Place
Reason, Z42017Processing constitutes character to Sesame Seed Yield and yield effect is little.Comprehensive sesame is strengthened stalk agent (sodium metasilicate and lime) and is used
It measures with from the point of view of the effect of generation, applies 30kg sodium metasilicate per acre and 30kg lime effect is best, increase on this basis with fertilizer
Amount, not can be further improved the anti-breaking force and Sesame Seed Yield of stalk of sesame stalk, will cause the waste of fertilizer.
Table 9. strengthens stalk agent different administration amount to sesame growing way and to the influence of Sesame Seed Yield
Test example 5
Test result based on 2016 and 2017,2018 years, we combined the optimal sesame of the first two years to strengthen stalk agent examination
Processing and optimal sesame dwarfing agent test process are tested, 4 processing tests shown in table 10 are devised, wherein strong bacillum (lime
And sodium metasilicate) mode is applied to apply strong bacillum to soil before sesame sowing, then rotary tillage soil, cycocel spray mode
For cycocel of foliage-spray when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, in sesame squaring period, a cycocel is sprayed on blade face again again.Its
Middle sodium metasilicate and lime are powdery, and rotary tillage depth of soil is 10-12cm；Each amount of spraying is 12g/ mus, spraying time section 18:
00-19:00；The planting density of sesame seed is 33 × 10cm, and test site is Jiangxi Province Jinxian County.
The comprehensive application processing design (2018) of 10. dwarfing agent of table and strong stalk agent (lime and sodium metasilicate units/kg/mu,
Cycocel unit: mg/L)
| Processing | F12018 | F22018 | F32018 | CK2018 |
| Lime | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 |
| Sodium metasilicate | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 |
| Cycocel | 400 | 0 | 400 | 0 |
Test result is shown in Table 11.2018 annual sesame grab moisture sowings in the biggish situation of soil moisture, after planting, weather
Continuous high temperature arid, a nearly moonset rain, the second genius rainfall after second of spray cycocel.For the first time during spray cycocel
(the nearly moonset in front and back rains) is in continuous high temperature dry weather, and the cycocel sprayed does not play effect not only, but also leads
Sesame blade is caused to receive injury and turn yellow.From second of spray preceding field plant height investigation result of cycocel it is found that respectively processing plant height does not have
Difference, from second of spray cycocel front vane chlorophyll content investigation result it is found that having sprayed the F1 of cycocel for the first time2018With
F32018Two processing sesame chlorophyll content in leaf blades are lower than the F2 for not spraying cycocel processing2018And F42018Two processing, and it is each
Processing chlorophyll content in leaf blades is below spray cycocel front vane chlorophyll content for the first time.Above-mentioned test result explanation, 1)
Arid season is unfavorable for the growth of sesame；2) period of drought, which sprays cycocel not only, cannot play the effect for downgrading sesame stalk,
And the burn of sesame blade can be caused.
From field plant height investigation result after second of spray cycocel 7 days it is found that due to second day after second of spray cycocel
It rains, cycocel has played effect, sprays the F1 of cycocel2018And F32018Two processing plant heights, which are significantly lower than, does not spray cycocel
F22018And F42018Two processing.From field chlorophyll content in leaf blades investigation result after second of spray cycocel 7 days it is found that rain
Water is conducive to sesame blade and restores chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll content in leaf blades is respectively handled after rainfall and is improved, and sprays short strong
The F1 of element2018And F32018Two processing chlorophyll content in leaf blades raising amounts are higher than the F2 for not spraying cycocel2018And F42018Two
Processing.Therefore, the formation of Sesame Seed Yield, F1 are also beneficial to2018And F32018Two processing yield, which are higher than, does not spray cycocel
F22018And F42018The yield of two processing.Above-mentioned test result explanation, under conditions of sesame is in non-drought stress, spray
Cycocel can downgrade sesame stalk height, improve chlorophyll content in leaf blades, and increase production sesame.
From the point of view of each processing sesame maturity period anti-breaking force of basal part of stem, field applies the F1 of strong stalk agent2018And F22018Two
The processing anti-breaking force of stalk is greater than the F3 for not applying strong stalk agent2018And F42018Two processing.And cycocel is combined with strong stalk agent
Application effect is more preferable, F12018It is maximum (14.3N) to handle the anti-breaking force of sesame stalk, and obtains highest Sesame Seed Yield
(882kg/hm2)。
Table 11. downgrades strong stalk agent to sesame growing way and to the influence of Sesame Seed Yield
The test result of comprehensive 3 years (2016~2018) it is found that apply 30kg to soil before sesame sowing per acre
Sodium metasilicate and 30kg lime, then rotary tillage soil；(hot-dry season is avoided) under the conditions of good weather, in sesame
400mg/L cycocel of foliage-spray when numb 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, in sesame squaring period, a 400mg/L is sprayed on blade face again again
Cycocel can effectively improve sesame maturity period stalk base portion resistance to fracture, rationally downgrade sesame plant height, reduce beginning capsule position,
Shorten fruit shaft length, and improves Sesame Seed Yield.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sesame downgrades strong bacillum, which is characterized in that including dwarfing agent and strong bacillum, the strong bacillum is sodium metasilicate
And/or lime；The dwarfing agent is at least one of paclobutrazol, cycocel, mepiquat chloride.
2. sesame according to claim 1 downgrades strong bacillum, which is characterized in that the amount of application of the strong bacillum is 40-
100kg/ mus；The spraying concentration of the dwarfing agent is 200-500mg/L, and the amount of spraying is 6-15g/ mus.
3. the method for administration that a kind of sesame as claimed in claim 1 or 2 downgrades strong bacillum, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
1) before sesame sowing, strong bacillum is applied to soil, then rotary tillage soil；
2) when sesame 3-4 is to true leaf seedling stage, foliage-spray dwarfing agent, in sesame squaring period, dwarfing agent is sprayed on blade face again again.
4. method of administration according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the strong bacillum be sodium metasilicate and lime, it is described
The amount of application of sodium metasilicate is 20-50kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the lime is 20-50kg/ mus.
5. method of administration according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the dwarfing agent is cycocel, the cycocel
Spraying concentration be 400mg/L, the amount of spraying be 12g/ mus；
The amount of application of the sodium metasilicate is 30kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the lime is 30kg/ mus.
6. according to the described in any item method of administration of claim 3-5, which is characterized in that step 1) the rotary tillage depth of soil is
10-12cm；
After the rotary tillage soil, in the grown on soil sesame seed, the planting density of the sesame seed is 33cm
×8cm-33cm×10cm。
7. according to the described in any item method of administration of claim 3-6, which is characterized in that the sodium metasilicate and lime are all powder
Shape.
8. according to the described in any item method of administration of claim 3-7, which is characterized in that as sesame 3-4 to true leaf seedling stage and
Squaring period is in continuous high temperature arid season, then does not carry out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame.
9. according to the described in any item method of administration of claim 3-8, which is characterized in that carry out foliage-spray dwarfing agent to sesame
Time be non-continuous hot-dry season dusk 17:00 after.
10. according to the described in any item method of administration of claim 3-9, which is characterized in that it is short such as to carry out foliage-spray to sesame
Occur rain fall after agent in 12 hours, then foliage-spray dwarfing agent is carried out to sesame again.
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