CN109778799A - A kind of asymmetric stilling pond - Google Patents
A kind of asymmetric stilling pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN109778799A CN109778799A CN201910102863.2A CN201910102863A CN109778799A CN 109778799 A CN109778799 A CN 109778799A CN 201910102863 A CN201910102863 A CN 201910102863A CN 109778799 A CN109778799 A CN 109778799A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Novel asymmetric stilling pond, including falling bank, with the abutment wall that falls the force reduction pool bottom that bank downstream connects, force reduction pool bottom two sides, the bank upstream of falling is connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, two sides abutment wall upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, the force reduction pool bottom is connected in sequence along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section, chamfered section end is angular cut, angular cut connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut makes the abutment wall positioned at river upstream side be shorter than the abutment wall for being located at river downstream side.Asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention, which is suitable for middle high head hydroelectric power plant and narrow river, the emptying hole outlet energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of certain angle of cut, avoids the scour problem in atomization and riverbed and bank slope brought by flip trajectory bucket.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flood-discharge energy-dissipating facilities used in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and in particular to one kind is applied to middle high water head
There is the dissipation and scouring facility of the emptying hole outlet energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of certain angle of cut in power station and narrow river.
Background technique
In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, flood-discharge energy-dissipating is key technical problem very outstanding, and discharge structure downstream disappears
Energy erosion control is directly related to the safety of engineering.According to the rough Statistics to a large amount of Practical Project data analysis shows that, flood-discharge energy-dissipating
Cost accounts for about the 40%~50% of project total cost, and the expense of dissipation and scouring facility account for 40% in discharge structure~
50%.Therefore, it selects suitable flood releasing structure or rationally utilizes the important channel of fund.Since hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering is most
Among the valley of mountain area, river often relatively narrower and is limited by engineering section landform, and the emptying tunnel of such many engineering goes out
Mouth axis runout downstream river course main flow direction is in biggish angle with downstream river course.Since river is narrow, and lower sluicing stream is single wide
Flow is big, and the flood-releasing energy dissipation and anti-scour problem of the emptying tunnel outlet downstream of such engineering is very prominent, often becomes the key of engineering
Property governing factor.Its design difficulty essentially consists in that downstream river course is narrow, and lower sluicing tongue diffusion space is restricted, and leads to lower sluicing
It flows Relatively centralized and flow velocity is big, downstream river course enters water area unit area, and to enter water larger, is often formed to downstream river course tighter
Weight wash away in addition emptying tunnel outlet stream impact opposite bank causes destructions of collapsing of bank slope, and then influence engineering safety and normally
Operation.
For middle high head hydroelectric power plant's large discharge per unit emptying tunnel energy dissipation below spillway, flip trajectory bucket is often used in engineering, though
Right technology relative maturity, but flip trajectory bucket also brings along more serious flood-discharge atomizing, influences power generation and personnel safety.Due to
The construction of stilling pond is not limited by the conditions such as landform and geology, and overhaul it is more convenient, it is basic relative to trajectory bucket type energy
Upper no atomizating phenomenon.Therefore the middle high-head power station for being completed and building now, stilling pond energy dissipating are gradually promoted.
But having the emptying hole outlet energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of certain angle of cut for middle high head hydroelectric power plant and narrow river, conventional stilling pond is set
Meter is insufficient for actual requirement of engineering.It is therefore desirable to design a kind of novel stilling pond come high head hydroelectric power plant in being applicable in it is narrow
There are the emptying hole outlet energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of certain angle of cut, i.e., asymmetric stilling pond in narrow river.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Novel asymmetric stilling ponds, for having putting for the larger angle of cut with narrow river
The dissipation and scouring of empty end has the emptying hole outlet underflow of certain angle of cut to disappear suitable for middle high head hydroelectric power plant and narrow river
Can, avoid the scour problem in atomization and riverbed and bank slope brought by flip trajectory bucket.
Asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention, including falling bank, with fall force reduction pool bottom, the stilling pond bottom that bank downstream connects
The abutment wall of plate two sides, the bank upstream of falling are connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, and two sides abutment wall upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, described to disappear
Power bottom of pond plate is connected in sequence along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section, and chamfered section end is angular cut, beveling
Mouth connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut makes the abutment wall positioned at river upstream side shorter than be located at river downstream side
Abutment wall.
Further, the terminal end width of the emptying tunnel is B (being designed according to specific engine request), and d is step height, d/
B=0.2~0.5；Segment length that bottom plate is straight is l1, l1/ B=1.0~2.0；Circular arc segment length is l2, l2/ B=1.0~2.0, circle
Arc radius is R1, central angle γ, γ=3 °~10 °, R1=180l2/πγ；Slope section short side wall length is l3, l3/ B=0.5
~1.5, the angle of slope section and horizontal plane is equal to γ.
Further, according to the structure type of stilling pond abutment wall, asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention can be divided into following three
Kind form:
1, unilateral abutment wall diffusion
The figure shorter edge wall is stalk, and longer sides wall is arc wall, and wherein stalk length is l, l=l1+180l2sinγ/π
γ+l3cosγ；Arc wall length is L, and L/B=7.0~10.0, arc wall arc radius is R2,-θ≤3 ° central angle α, -3 °≤α
(θ is the angle being vented between hole axis and Talweg), R2=180L/ π α.The figure is suitable for emptying hole axis and river
The lesser situation of angle theta between road stream central line, wherein 15 ° of θ <.
2, bilateral abutment wall is spread
The figure shorter edge wall is the oblique stalk for being gradually increased force reduction pool bottom width along the outside flaring of water (flow) direction, compared with
Long abutment wall is arc wall, wherein the angle between oblique stalk and antiaircraft hole axis is β, 2 °≤β≤5 °, oblique stalk length is l, l=
(l1+180l2sinγ/πγ+l3cosγ)/cosβ；Arc wall length is L, and L/B=7.0~10.0, arc wall arc radius is R2,
Central angle is α, and-θ≤3 ° -3 °≤α, θ is the angle being vented between hole axis and Talweg, R2=180L/ π α.The figure
The situation less big suitable for the angle theta being vented between hole axis and Talweg, wherein 15 °≤θ≤25 °.
3, bicircular arcs are spread
The figure two sides abutment wall is arc wall, wherein compared with short arc wall circular arc central angle be β, 15 °≤β≤25 °, arc wall length
For l, l=(l1+180l2sinγ/πγ+l3Cos γ)/cos (β/2), arc radius R3, R3=180l/ π β；It is long compared with long arc wall
Degree is L, and L/B=7.0~10.0, arc wall arc radius is R2,-θ≤3 ° central angle α, -3 °≤α, θ be emptying hole axis with
Angle between Talweg, R2=180L/ π α.The figure is suitable for the angle being vented between hole axis and Talweg
θ larger situation, wherein 25 ° of θ >.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, asymmetric stilling pond energy dissipating of the present invention belongs to energy dissipation by hydraulic jump, substantially existing without atomization in flood-discharge energy-dissipating
As will not influence power generation and the safety of staff.Flow-shape is good in asymmetric stilling pond, is submerged hydraulic jump state, out
Pond waterflow stabilization, energy dissipating is abundant, washes away relatively slightly to riverbed and Channel slope, therefore in middle high head hydroelectric power plant and narrow river
There is the emptying hole outlet of certain angle of cut to can be used as main energy dissipater.
2, since the left and right sides abutment wall of asymmetric stilling pond is asymmetric, and stilling pond outlet is beveling form, this
It just uses water stream also downstream to spread while to diffusion among river, pond discharge per unit width reduces out, and digging water speed is significantly
Reduce, energy is spread, and the fluctuation of the downstream river course water surface is alleviated.
3, asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention, structure is relatively easy, and bodily form optimization is easy, and maintenance replacement is convenient, ground
Shape geological conditions applicability is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 are the floor map of three kinds of patterns of asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention, are used for middle high water head
The energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of power station large discharge per unit emptying hole outlet；
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the right view of Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the asymmetric stilling pond of unilateral abutment wall diffusion of the present invention for emptying tunnel end outlet dissipation and scouring
Floor map (15 ° of θ <)；
Fig. 8 is the middle axial plane sectional view of emptying tunnel in Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the asymmetric stilling pond of bilateral abutment wall diffusion of the present invention for emptying tunnel end outlet dissipation and scouring
Floor map (15 °≤θ≤25 °)；
Figure 10 is the middle axial plane sectional view of emptying tunnel in Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is that the asymmetric stilling pond of bilateral abutment wall diffusion of the present invention is anti-for the energy dissipating of emptying tunnel end outlet
The floor map (25 ° of θ >) of punching；
Figure 12 is the middle axial plane sectional view of emptying tunnel in Figure 11；
Specific embodiment
Asymmetric stilling pond of the present invention is described further below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Certain engineering emptying tunnel highest operating head polishing is 120m, and emptying tunnel terminal end width B=6m, maximum discharge per unit width is q=
120m3/ s.m, angle theta=12 ° of emptying tunnel central axes and downstream river course stream central line.Using asymmetric the disappearing of unilateral abutment wall diffusion
Power pond, the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump for middle high head hydroelectric power plant's emptying tunnel end outlet.
It is described unilateral side abutment wall diffusion asymmetric stilling pond, structure is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, by fall bank, with fall bank downstream phase
The abutment wall of the force reduction pool bottom, force reduction pool bottom two sides that connect is constituted, and the bank upstream of falling is connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, two sides abutment wall
Upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, the force reduction pool bottom be sequentially connected along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section and
At chamfered section end is angular cut, and angular cut connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut to be located at river upstream side
Abutment wall be shorter than and be located at the abutment wall in river downstream side, short side wall is stalk, and longer sides wall is arc wall.
Step height d=3m；Segment length that force reduction pool bottom is straight is l1=12m, circular arc segment length are l2=12m, circular arc half
Diameter is R1=68.75m, central angle are γ=10 °；Slope section bond length is l3=3m.Stalk length is l=51.92m；Arc wall
Length is L=60m, and central angle alpha=15 °, arc wall arc radius is R2=229.18m.
Flow-shape is good in the asymmetric stilling pond of unilateral abutment wall diffusion in the present embodiment, is submerged hydraulic jump state,
A large amount of aerations in stilling pond, pond waterflow stabilization out, energy dissipating is abundant, washes away to riverbed and Channel slope relatively slight, and water stream exists out
It also downstream spreads, reduces due to going out pond discharge per unit width, digging water speed is greatly reduced, can be measured while diffusion among to river
To diffusion, the fluctuation of the downstream river course water surface is alleviated.Water plane of flow diffusion zone schematic diagram is as shown in fig. 7, Fig. 8 is emptying out
Axial plane water surface curve schematic diagram in hole.
Embodiment 2
Certain engineering emptying tunnel highest operating head polishing is 100m, and emptying tunnel terminal end width B=6m, maximum discharge per unit width is q=
100m3/ s.m, angle theta=20 ° of emptying tunnel central axes and downstream river course stream central line.Using asymmetric the disappearing of bilateral abutment wall diffusion
Power pond is used for the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of middle high head hydroelectric power plant's emptying tunnel end outlet.
It is described unilateral side abutment wall diffusion asymmetric stilling pond, structure is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, by fall bank, with fall bank downstream phase
The abutment wall of the force reduction pool bottom, force reduction pool bottom two sides that connect is constituted, and the bank upstream of falling is connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, two sides abutment wall
Upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, the force reduction pool bottom be sequentially connected along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section and
At chamfered section end is angular cut, and angular cut connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut to be located at river upstream side
Abutment wall be shorter than and be located at the abutment wall in river downstream side.Shorter edge wall be along the outside flaring of water (flow) direction make force reduction pool bottom width by
Cumulative big oblique stalk, longer sides wall are arc wall.
Step height d=2m；Segment length that force reduction pool bottom is straight is l1=10m, circular arc segment length are l2=10m, circular arc half
Diameter is R1=95.46m, central angle are γ=6 °；Slope section bond length is l3=6m.Wherein between oblique stalk and hole axis
Angle is β=50, and oblique stalk length is l=(l1+180l2sinγ/πγ+l3cosγ)/cosβ；Stalk length is l=
42.44m；Arc wall length is L=54m, and central angle alpha=20 °, arc wall arc radius is R2=154.7m.
Flow-shape is good in the asymmetric stilling pond of bilateral abutment wall diffusion in the implementation case, is submerged hydraulic jump shape
State, a large amount of aerations in stilling pond, pond waterflow stabilization out, energy dissipating is abundant, and relatively slight, water stream out is washed away to riverbed and Channel slope
It also downstream spreads, reduces due to going out pond discharge per unit width, digging water speed greatly reduces, energy while to diffusion among river
It is spread, the fluctuation of the downstream river course water surface is smaller.Water plane of flow diffusion zone schematic diagram is as shown in figure 9, Figure 10 is to put out
Axial plane water surface curve schematic diagram in cavity.
Embodiment 3
Certain engineering emptying tunnel highest operating head polishing is 70m, and emptying tunnel terminal end width B=6m, maximum discharge per unit width is q=
80m3/ s.m, angle theta=30 ° of emptying tunnel central axes and downstream river course stream central line.The asymmetric power of disappearing spread using bicircular arcs
Pond is used for the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of middle high head hydroelectric power plant's emptying tunnel end outlet.
It is described unilateral side abutment wall diffusion asymmetric stilling pond, structure is as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, by fall bank, with fall bank downstream phase
The abutment wall of the force reduction pool bottom, force reduction pool bottom two sides that connect is constituted, and the bank upstream of falling is connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, two sides abutment wall
Upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, the force reduction pool bottom be sequentially connected along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section and
At chamfered section end is angular cut, and angular cut connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut to be located at river upstream side
Abutment wall be shorter than and be located at the abutment wall in river downstream side.Two sides abutment wall is arc wall.
Step height d=1.2m；Segment length that force reduction pool bottom is straight is l1=6m, circular arc segment length are l2=6m, circular arc half
Diameter is R1=114.6m, central angle are γ=3 °；Slope section bond length is l3=9m.Compared with short arc wall circular arc central angle be β=
20 °, arc wall length is l=31.1m, arc radius R3=89.1m；It is L=42m, arc wall arc radius compared with long arc wall length
For R2=80.2m, central angle are α=30 °.
Flow-shape is good in the asymmetric stilling pond of bicircular arcs diffusion in the implementation case, is submerged hydraulic jump state,
A large amount of aerations in stilling pond, pond waterflow stabilization out, energy dissipating is abundant, washes away to riverbed and Channel slope relatively slight, and water stream exists out
It is also spread to upstream and downstream while diffusion among to river, the diffusion length along hole axis direction is smaller, due to going out pond Dan Kuanliu
Amount reduces, and digging water speed greatly reduces, and energy is spread, and the fluctuation of the downstream river course water surface is alleviated.Water plane of flow expands out
It is as shown in figure 11 to dissipate area schematic, Figure 12 is axial plane water surface curve schematic diagram in emptying tunnel.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of asymmetric stilling pond, which is characterized in that including falling bank, with fall force reduction pool bottom, the stilling pond that bank downstream connects
The abutment wall of bottom plate two sides, the bank upstream of falling are connect with emptying tunnel bottom plate, and two sides abutment wall upstream connects with emptying tunnel abutment wall, described
Force reduction pool bottom is connected in sequence along water (flow) direction by flat segments, arc section, slope section, and chamfered section end is angular cut, tiltedly
Notch connects with river bank slope, and the beveling direction of angular cut makes the abutment wall positioned at river upstream side shorter than be located at river downstream side
Abutment wall.
2. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the terminal end width of the emptying tunnel is B, and d is to fall
Bank height, d/B=0.2~0.5；Segment length that bottom plate is straight is l1, l1/ B=1.0~2.0；Circular arc segment length is l2, l2/ B=
1.0~2.0, arc radius R1, central angle γ, γ=30~100, R1=180l2/πγ；Slope section short side wall length is
l3, l3The angle of/B=0.5~1.5, slope section and horizontal plane is equal to γ.
3. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the abutment wall, shorter edge wall is stalk, longer
Abutment wall is arc wall.
4. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 3, which is characterized in that wherein stalk length is l, l=l1+180l2sin
γ/πγ+l3cosγ；Arc wall length is L, and L/B=7.0~10.0, arc wall arc radius is R2, central angle α, -3 °≤α-θ
≤ 3 °, θ is the angle being vented between hole axis and Talweg, R2=180L/ π α.
5. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the abutment wall, shorter edge wall is along water flow side
The oblique stalk for being gradually increased force reduction pool bottom width to outside flaring, longer sides wall are arc wall.
6. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 5, which is characterized in that tiltedly the angle between stalk and antiaircraft hole axis is
β, 2 °≤β≤5 °, oblique stalk length is l, l=(l1+180l2sinγ/πγ+l3cosγ)/cosβ。
7. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 6, which is characterized in that arc wall length is L, L/B=7.0~10.0, arc
Wall arc radius is R2,-θ≤3 ° central angle α, -3 °≤α, θ is the angle being vented between hole axis and Talweg, R2=
180L/πα。
8. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the two sides abutment wall is arc wall.
9. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 8, which is characterized in that compared with short arc wall circular arc central angle be β, 15 °≤β≤
25 °, arc wall length is l, l=(l1+180l2sinγ/πγ+l3Cos γ)/cos (β/2), arc radius R3, R3=180l/ π
β。
10. asymmetric stilling pond according to claim 9, which is characterized in that compared with long arc wall length be L, L/B=7.0~
10.0, arc wall arc radius is R2,-θ≤3 ° central angle α, -3 °≤α, θ is between emptying hole axis and Talweg
Angle, R2=180L/ π α.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113605306A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | Energy dissipation facility combining unilateral diffusion and oblique flip bucket |
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| US4906130A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-03-06 | Davy Mckee Corporation | Anti-scouring device for a dam stilling basin or approach |
| US20050111916A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2005-05-26 | Dusan Ciuha | Spilway with improved dissipation efficiency |
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| CN104775393A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Deformed inverse step rectifying energy dissipation method and stilling basin |
| CN204644988U (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-09-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of special-shaped anti-step absorption basin |
| CN108517842A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-11 | 四川大学 | Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curving spillway |
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2019
- 2019-02-01 CN CN201910102863.2A patent/CN109778799B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4906130A (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-03-06 | Davy Mckee Corporation | Anti-scouring device for a dam stilling basin or approach |
| US20050111916A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2005-05-26 | Dusan Ciuha | Spilway with improved dissipation efficiency |
| CN204418136U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-06-24 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | There is pressure sudden enlargement and sudden Circular Jet energy dissipater |
| CN104775393A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Deformed inverse step rectifying energy dissipation method and stilling basin |
| CN204644988U (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-09-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of special-shaped anti-step absorption basin |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113605306A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | Energy dissipation facility combining unilateral diffusion and oblique flip bucket |
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