CN108517842A - Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curving spillway - Google Patents
Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curving spillway Download PDFInfo
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- CN108517842A CN108517842A CN201810274269.7A CN201810274269A CN108517842A CN 108517842 A CN108517842 A CN 108517842A CN 201810274269 A CN201810274269 A CN 201810274269A CN 108517842 A CN108517842 A CN 108517842A
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- spillway
- bank
- curving
- flow
- asymmetric
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
Abstract
Asymmetric aeration method provided by the invention suitable for curving spillway, aerator is set on curving spillway bending initial section party upstream bottom plate, aerator is by choosing bank along tangent arc-shaped of water (flow) direction and spillway bottom plate and being constituted with the bank that falls that bank downstream connects is chosen, lateral patch foot is set on spillway concave bank abutment wall with aerator corresponding position, so that water stream channel section width is had certain contraction along water (flow) direction, forms stable lateral aerated cavity when flow flows through.Flow, which flows through, simultaneously falls bank, forms stable bottom aerated cavity.Lateral aerated cavity is penetrated through with bottom aerated cavity.This method can avoid curving spillway and cavitation erosion occur.And since the aerator has enough lateral cavities and bottom cavity, there is no need to build ventilation well, constructing structure is simple, and engineering cost is low.In addition laterally patch foot forces flow direction-changing, and flow is thrown to convex bank side consciously.This method is used in combination with canal bed superelevation method common in engineering, can be effectively improved the unfavorable phenomenons such as bend water surface gradient is excessive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydroelectric project discharge structure fields, the more particularly to aeration method of curving spillway.
Background technology
In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, it usually needs arrangement discharge structure is used to lead off the flood that planning storage capacity cannot accommodate
Water, to ensure the safety of dam body itself.With the development of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering construction, high dam large discharge per unit engineering is more and more normal
See, high-velocity flow problem is also increasingly notable.At the changed certain positions of high water head discharge structure geometry build, such as flood discharge
The turnaround section etc. of abutment wall, tunnel after the constriction of tunnel inducer, gate slot, often occurs cavitation erosion phenomenon.
In conventional engineer application, for high flow rate without pressure spillway, it should avoid being arranged as possible in horizontal layout curved
Road.This is because often Froude number is high and flow is big for the flow in discharge structure, after water flows into bend, since side wall is prominent
It so turns to, flow forms concave bank height, the low table of convex bank under the two kinds of effects of centrifugal force and gravity, and the water surface will produce
The Complex Flow Status such as diamond shape shock wave, it is very unfavorable for Practical Project.Meanwhile high flow rate also needs to consider cavitation corrosion without pressure spillway
Destruction problem, therefore it is difficult to design and construct.But in Practical Project, due to river valley landform, geology or economic condition etc.
Limitation inevitably needs to take bending without pressure spillway form.At this point, how to ensure that curving spillway fluidised form is preferable
Under the premise of, aeration is expeditiously forced, cavitation erosion is avoided to become a great problem.It, can if do not can be well solved the problem
Very serious economic loss can be caused, or even influences the normal operation of main body hydraulic structure.Such as the U.S. dams Bao Erde east bank
Flood-discharge tunnel takes bending flood discharge cavity form in horizontal layout.Its first time discharges water, five points of the only up to former design discharge of flow
One of, but due to cavitation erosion, tunnel turning generate a long 35m, width 9.2m, depth capacity up to 13.7m hollow place.
It has no at present specifically for bend cavitation erosion problem, while can effectively improve the unfavorable fluidised forms such as bend water surface transverse gradient is excessive again
Effective measures.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of suitable for the asymmetric aeration of curving spillway
Method occurs cavitation erosion to avoid curving spillway, while improving the unfavorable fluidised forms such as bend water surface transverse gradient is excessive.
Asymmetric aeration method provided by the invention suitable for curving spillway is bent initial section in curving spillway
Aerator is set on party upstream bottom plate, aerator by along tangent arc-shaped of water (flow) direction and spillway bottom plate choose bank and with choose bank
What downstream connected falls bank composition, and lateral patch foot is arranged with aerator corresponding position on spillway concave bank abutment wall, makes water stream channel
Section width forms stable lateral aerated cavity along water (flow) direction constriction, when flow flows through.Flow, which flows through, simultaneously falls bank, is formed
Stable bottom aerated cavity.Lateral aerated cavity is penetrated through with bottom aerated cavity.
It in the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimizes, aerator downstream curving spillway bottom plate is arranged
For the inclined floor on width of spillway direction, and concave bank side is higher than convex bank side, forms the onramp with certain angle.
It in the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimizes, bottom plate concave bank edge and convex bank edge height difference △ h,
△ h/R are that 0.005~0.015, R is spillway turning radius.
It in the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimizes, it is circular arc type or circular arc that the concave bank, which laterally pastes foot,
Inscribed multistage broken line type.
In the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimize, the angle that concave bank laterally pastes foot and concave bank abutment wall is
β, β/θ are that 0.15~0.7, θ is spillway turning angle.
In the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimize, it is several that concave bank laterally pastes foot anti-arc radius R ' view planes
Depending on what is arranged, 20m~60m can be taken.
It in the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, advanced optimizes, it is b, b/B that concave bank, which laterally pastes foot maximum collapse width,
The problems such as value is width of spillway no more than 0.4, B, and otherwise there may be abutment wall erosion and influence spillway conveyance capacities, most
Good b/B is 0.05~0.2.
In the above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention, it is α to choose bank and choose angle, and α values are with reference to design specification and case history.
When work, flow, which flows through, chooses bank, and since concave bank has patch foot, concave bank active cross-section has on width of spillway direction
Certain contraction, leads to flow direction-changing.Flow, which is left, chooses bank, is detached from concave bank side wall (side wall), forms stable lateral cavity.Together
When due to fall bank suddenly fall, flow be detached from bottom plate form stable bottom cavity.Lateral aerated cavity and bottom aeration are empty
Chamber penetrates through.And since the aeration method has enough lateral cavities and bottom cavity, there is no need to build ventilation well, constructing structure
Simply, engineering cost is low.In addition the effect that foot also plays forced flow direction-changing is laterally pasted, flow is thrown into convex bank consciously
Side.This method is used in combination with canal bed superelevation method common in engineering, and part centrifugation is offset using the component of flow gravity
The effect of power causes the concave-convex bank water surface to tend to be average, can be effectively improved the unfavorable fluidised forms such as bend water surface transverse gradient is excessive.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1, the method for the present invention is proposed particular for curving spillway, using asymmetric aeration method, forces bottom and concave bank
Lateral aeration generates stable aerated cavity, can effectively prevent cavitation erosion.
2, aeration described in the method for the present invention has enough stabilization aerated cavities, and there is no need to build ventilation well, constructing structure
Simply, while engineering cost can be saved.
3, the method for the present invention forces flow direction-changing due to laterally pasting foot, flow is thrown to convex bank side consciously, simultaneously
Bottom plate is set as tilting, the unfavorable phenomenons such as bend water surface gradient is excessive can be effectively improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of air entraining facilities described in the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that coordinate chooses schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is not take the conventional turning spillway of engineering measure along journey monitoring section water surface curve schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is to turn spillway along journey monitoring section water surface curve schematic diagram after embodiment 1 uses the method for the present invention aeration；
Fig. 5 is embodiment 2 using spillway section water surface curve schematic diagram of turning after the method for the present invention aeration；
Fig. 6 is vertical section aerated cavity schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 along water (flow) direction；
Fig. 7 is vertical section aerated cavity schematic diagram of the embodiment 2 along water (flow) direction.
In Fig. 3-Fig. 5, from a left side to by cross section place be followed successively by and choose Kan Chu, X=68m, X=85m, in the middle part of bend, X=
182m, lower exit, X are air line distance.Reference coordinate system is：Origin is located at spillway upstream straight line adjustment section initial section bottom
Plate midpoint, using water (flow) direction as X-direction, using width of spillway direction as Y-direction, as shown in Figure 2.
In Fig. 3-Fig. 7, white portion is air, and black portions are flow.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment to the asymmetric aeration method of the present invention suitable for curving spillway do into
One step explanation.
Embodiment 1
Certain spillway arranges that the turning radius of bending section is 250m, turning angle θ=30 ° for open type.Spillway whole process etc.
Width, width 10m, left and right abutment wall height is about 14m.50m and the tangent straight line adjustment section of bending section, bottom plate is arranged in bending section upstream
The gradient is i=12 °.Using asymmetric aeration method, the air entraining facilities of formation are as shown in Figure 1.Specifically, curved in curving spillway
Aerator 1 is set on bent initial section party upstream bottom plate, and aerator is by along tangent arc-shaped of water (flow) direction and spillway bottom plate 3
It chooses bank 1-1 and is constituted with the bank 1-2 that falls that bank downstream connects is chosen, is arranged with aerator corresponding position on spillway concave bank abutment wall 4
Arc-shaped lateral patch foot 2, makes water stream channel section width along water (flow) direction constriction, forms stable lateral aeration when flow flows through
Cavity.Flow, which flows through, simultaneously falls bank, forms stable bottom aerated cavity.Lateral aerated cavity is penetrated through with bottom aerated cavity.
Set aerator downstream curving spillway bottom plate 5 to the inclined floor on width of spillway direction simultaneously, and concave bank side is high
In convex bank side.
Aerator chooses curved α=6 ° in angle, and concave bank aerator is away from bottom plate heights away from bottom plate heights 2.5m, convex bank aerator
4.5m.It is 2m with convex bank edge height difference △ h that bend section, which uses tilting bottom plate, bottom plate concave bank edge,.Concave bank laterally paste foot with it is recessed
Angle β=15 ° of bank wall, maximum collapse length is (concave bank laterally pastes foot maximum collapse width) to the patch foot in the direction of the width
B=1m, ogee section radius R ' is about 37m.The base slope transition of 25m ranges is set between bend downstream and straight line adjustment section.Bottom
Slope transition is followed by 25m straight line adjustment sections, which is i=12 °.
Spillway letdown flow is 80m3/ s, inlet velocity 20m/s.
Model test measures, and after taking the engineering measure, vertical section aerated cavity length is 26.5m, and cavity height is
3.62m (see Fig. 5), aeration is uniformly and abundant, does not occur significantly recalling flow phenomenon.The fluidised form for choosing bank downstream is good.Explanation
The present invention can well solve the problem of curving spillway aeration, and can effectively prevent drawing since flow velocity is excessive
The cavitation erosion risen.The configuration of the present invention is simple, without building ventilation well, safety economy.
The spillway section after the engineering measure is taken, (is not set with the conventional turning spillway of the engineering measure is not taken
Set conventional air entraining facilities, also do not use canal bed superelevation method) section water surface curve comparison see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.As can be seen that the present invention with
The fluidised form that can significantly improve in bend section is used in combination in common canal bed superelevation method in engineering, reduces water surface gradient.
Embodiment 2
Certain spillway arranges that the turning radius of bending section is 280m, and turning angle θ=30 ° bending section upstream has for open type
50m and the tangent straight line adjustment section of bending section, bottom board slope are i=9 °.Spillway whole process is wide, width 10m, left and right abutment wall
Height is about 15m.Using the method with embodiment 1, the air entraining facilities structure of design is identical, the difference is that each parameter is as follows：
Aerator chooses curved α=8 ° in angle, and concave bank aerator is 4m away from bottom plate heights away from bottom plate heights 2.5m, convex bank aerator.
It is 1.5m with convex bank edge height difference △ h that bend section, which uses tilting bottom plate, bottom plate concave bank edge,.Concave bank laterally pastes foot and concave bank side
The patch foot of angle β=17 ° of wall, maximum collapse length b=1.2m, ogee section radius R ' are about the patch foot in the direction of the width
35m., there are the base slope transition of 25m ranges in bend downstream and straight section joint, horizontal base slope are gradually become by sloping beach.Bottom
Slope transition is followed by 25m straight line adjustment sections, which is i=9 °.
Spillway letdown flow is 90m3/ s, inlet velocity 20m/s.
Model test measures, and after taking the engineering measure, vertical section aerated cavity length is 27.4m, and cavity height is
3.65m (see Fig. 6), aeration is uniformly and abundant, does not occur significantly recalling flow phenomenon.The fluidised form for choosing bank downstream is good.Explanation
The present invention can well solve the problem of curving spillway aeration, and can effectively prevent drawing since flow velocity is excessive
The cavitation erosion risen.The configuration of the present invention is simple, without building ventilation well, safety economy.
The spillway section after the engineering measure is taken, with the conventional turning spillway section water for not taking the engineering measure
Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 are shown in upper thread comparison.As can be seen that of the invention be used in combination with canal bed superelevation method common in engineering can be significantly
Improve the fluidised form in bend section, reduces water surface gradient.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of asymmetric aeration method suitable for curving spillway, it is characterised in that be bent initial section in curving spillway
Aerator (1) is set on party upstream bottom plate, and aerator along water (flow) direction and tangent arc-shaped of spillway bottom plate (3) by choosing bank
It (1-1) and constitutes with the bank (1-2) that falls that bank downstream connects is chosen, is set with aerator corresponding position on spillway concave bank abutment wall (4)
Lateral patch foot (2) is set, makes water stream channel section width along water (flow) direction constriction, forms lateral aerated cavity when flow flows through, with
Fall the aerated cavity chamber perforation of bank bottom formation.
2. being suitable for the asymmetric aeration method of curving spillway according to claim 1, it is characterised in that will be under aerator
Trip curving spillway bottom plate is set as the inclined floor on width of spillway direction, and concave bank side is higher than convex bank side.
3. being suitable for the asymmetric aeration method of curving spillway according to claim 2, it is characterised in that bottom plate concave bank side
It is spillway turning radius that edge, which is 0.005~0.015, R with convex bank edge height difference △ h, △ h/R,.
4. according to claims 1 or 2 or the 3 asymmetric aeration methods for being suitable for curving spillway, it is characterised in that described
Concave bank laterally pastes the inscribed multistage broken line type that foot is circular arc type or circular arc.
5. being suitable for the asymmetric aeration method of curving spillway according to claim 4, it is characterised in that concave bank laterally pastes
The angle of foot and concave bank abutment wall is β, and β/θ is that 0.15~0.7, θ is spillway turning angle.
6. being suitable for the asymmetric aeration method of curving spillway according to claim 4, which is characterized in that concave bank laterally pastes
Foot anti-arc radius R ' is 20m~60m.
7. being suitable for the asymmetric aeration method of curving spillway according to claim 4, it is characterised in that concave bank laterally pastes
Foot maximum collapse width is b, and b/B values are width of spillway no more than 0.4, B.
8. according to claim 7 be suitable for curving spillway asymmetric aeration method, it is characterised in that b/B be 0.05~
0.2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810274269.7A CN108517842B (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curved spillway |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810274269.7A CN108517842B (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curved spillway |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108517842A true CN108517842A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
| CN108517842B CN108517842B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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| CN201810274269.7A Active CN108517842B (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-03-29 | Asymmetric aeration method suitable for curved spillway |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109778799A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | 四川大学 | A kind of asymmetric stilling pond |
| CN112253169A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Steel mould trolley tunnel concrete lining construction method |
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| CN101177937A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2008-05-14 | 四川大学 | Spillway tunnel whole-section aeration method and spillway tunnel having whole-section aeration structure |
| CN101538842B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-08-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Heterotype sudden enlargement and sudden drop aerator |
| RU138311U1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-03-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Федеральная гидрогенерирующая компания - РусГидро" (ОАО "РусГидро") | WATER DISCHARGE |
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| CN101177937A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2008-05-14 | 四川大学 | Spillway tunnel whole-section aeration method and spillway tunnel having whole-section aeration structure |
| CN101538842B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-08-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Heterotype sudden enlargement and sudden drop aerator |
| RU138311U1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-03-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Федеральная гидрогенерирующая компания - РусГидро" (ОАО "РусГидро") | WATER DISCHARGE |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109778799A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | 四川大学 | A kind of asymmetric stilling pond |
| CN109778799B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-09-04 | 四川大学 | Asymmetric stilling pool |
| CN112253169A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Steel mould trolley tunnel concrete lining construction method |
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| CN108517842B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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