CN203475400U - Dam Face energy dissipater - Google Patents
Dam Face energy dissipater Download PDFInfo
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- CN203475400U CN203475400U CN201320562560.7U CN201320562560U CN203475400U CN 203475400 U CN203475400 U CN 203475400U CN 201320562560 U CN201320562560 U CN 201320562560U CN 203475400 U CN203475400 U CN 203475400U
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- dam facing
- water flow
- bosses
- energy dissipater
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dam face energy dissipater which comprises a plurality of boss sets distributed on the tilt dam face in the shape of steps. Each boss set is provided with a plurality of independent bosses, the bosses of two adjacent boss sets in the vertical direction are staggered, the areas, connected with the dam face, of the top faces of the bosses are slightly concaved downwardly, and the front edges of the top faces of the bosses are in a circular arc shape. During flood discharge, a part of water flow passes through the portion, between adjacent bosses in the same boss set, of the dam face to be dispersedly discharged downwards, and a part of water flow is dispersed in a fan shape after falling to the top faces of the bosses. The water flow dispersed towards two sides and fan-shaped dispersed flow formed in the adjacent bosses are collided and mixed, the mixed water flow falls to the next boss set after a part of energy is dissipated, and sliding dispersed broken water flow is formed, wherein aerated jets exist on the top of the water flow, stabilized gas spiral rolls exist on the bottom of the water flow, and water dispersion and collision energy dissipation exist on the local part of the water flow. The dam face energy dissipater can improve dam face energy dissipation efficiency more effectively.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the dam facing energy dissipater of overfall dam structure, particularly a kind of overfall dam.
Background technology
Dam, that block rivers ditch water flow is with the dash building of heading up or adjust flux, it has formation reservoir, heading up, regulated flow, concentrated head, for flood control, water supply, irrigation, hydroelectric generation, improve the effects such as shipping, but current high concentration during dam flood discharge, must take effective Energy Dissipation Modes under the current let out carry out energy dissipating, otherwise the raw huge water of lower flood discharge miscarriage can cause harmful effect to underwater bed and surrounding enviroment.
In existing Energy Dissipation Modes, by building the structure of dam facing, to carry out energy dissipating be quite effective mode, for example, traditional dam facing is often built into the smooth surface that roughness is very little, more than 90% energy of lower sluicing stream is transported to the concentrated disspation through hydraudic jimp of carrying out of dam facing end, but while adopting disspation through hydraudic jimp, not only deeply but also long, energy dissipating erosion control facilities engineering amount is large, cost is high for required absorption basin.
For this reason, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, prior art has occurred dam facing to build into the stepped or discontinuous stair-stepping Energy Dissipation Modes of raised type in the continuous rank of concave, wherein, concave successive steps energy dissipater is used on the steeper dam facing of the gradient, and raised type discontinuous ladder energy dissipater be used on the more slow dam facing of the gradient.By ladder, current are produced to fragmentation, aggravated the development in flow turbulence and boundary layer, make the horizontal gassiness whirlpool that on dam facing ladder, appearance turns along horizontal axis whirlpool, main flow is subject to its liner, skim over each ladder end, progressively form surface and have aerated nappe, the stepped spillway face typical case fluidised form that bottom has stable gassiness whirlpool to roll---the sliding current of plunderring, flow energy passes through aeration, shear action between whirlpool rolls and fall continuously the strong blending effect that bank causes and dissipated, greatly increased the energy dissipation rate of dam facing, thereby reduce downstream complementary energy, improve the energy dissipating pressure of downstream absorption basin, be conducive to reduce length and the degree of depth of absorption basin, cost saving.But these two kinds step-like dam facing energy dissipaters 10, part still has some deficits: 1, when discharge per unit width is larger, overflow Thickness Ratio step 100 is highly large, and current underdevelop on the lower, is slidingly plunderred in the position that aeration and stable whirlpool roll generation, causes energy dissipating inefficiency; 2, for middle weir, the short situation of dam facing flow process, even cannot form stable cunning and plunder current, can not embody the advantage of dam facing ladder energy dissipating; Even if 3 under normal running (operation) conditions, this energy dissipater also has certain optimization room for promotion, further reduces the engineering quantity of downstream absorption basin.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of effect of energy dissipation better dam facing energy dissipater.
Dam facing energy dissipater described in the utility model, comprise the stepped a plurality of boss groups that are distributed on inclination dam facing, each boss group has a plurality of independently boss, the boss sequence of neighbouring boss group, the region that the end face of boss engages with dam facing is slightly recessed, and the leading edge of boss end face is circular arc.
The utility model arranges a plurality of boss groups the dam facing tilting is stepped from top to bottom, the boss of neighbouring boss group is dislocatedly distributed and the leading edge of its end face is circular arc, it is compared with existing straight ladder energy dissipater, the leading edge of circular arc can effectively increase aeration length, increased the contact surface of current and air, make earial drainage overflow surface aeration more abundant, root edge gassiness whirlpool rolls more stable and complete, in addition, the engaging zones nick of boss end face and dam facing, as miniature plunge pool, the water subfill of formation can reduce down stream to be impacted, and prevents dam facing cavitation; During flood discharge, part current dam facing between adjacent boss in same boss group is let out under disperseing, part current fall and after boss end face, are fan-shaped and scatter, the fan-shaped dispersion train collision blending forming on the current that scatter to both sides and adjacent boss, after cancellation portion of energy, drop to next boss group, progressively forming surface has aerated nappe, bottom to have the cunning that stable gassiness whirlpool rolls, part has current to disperse and collide energy dissipating to plunder the broken current of dispersion, and it can more effectively improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing step-like dam facing energy dissipater's top view.
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 is along the sectional view of A-A direction.
Fig. 3, Fig. 5 are top views of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is that Fig. 3 is along the sectional view of B-B direction.
Fig. 6 is the lateral view of Fig. 5.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 3 to 6, described dam facing energy dissipater, comprise the stepped a plurality of boss groups that are distributed on inclination dam facing 1, each boss group has a plurality of independently boss 2, boss 2 sequences of neighbouring boss group, the region that the end face of boss 2 engages with dam facing is slightly recessed, and the leading edge of boss 2 end faces is circular arc.It is compared with existing straight ladder energy dissipater, the leading edge of circular arc can effectively increase aeration length, increased the contact surface of current and air, make earial drainage overflow surface aeration more abundant, root edge gassiness whirlpool rolls more stable and complete, in addition, the engaging zones nick of boss 2 end faces and dam facing 1, as miniature plunge pool, the water subfill of formation can reduce down stream to be impacted, and prevents dam facing cavitation; During flood discharge, part current dam facing between adjacent boss 2 in same boss group is let out under disperseing, part current fall and after boss end face, are fan-shaped and scatter, the fan-shaped dispersion train collision blending forming on the current that scatter to both sides and adjacent boss 2, after cancellation portion of energy, drop to next boss group, progressively forming surface has aerated nappe, bottom to have the cunning that stable gassiness whirlpool rolls, part has current to disperse and collide energy dissipating to plunder the broken current of dispersion, and it can more effectively improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency.
For further improving dam facing energy dissipater's energy dissipating efficiency, the front portion of described boss end face can be set to be upturned.
As shown in Fig. 3 to 6, owing to being distributed in the size of the boss 2 on dam facing, directly affect dam facing along Cheng Shuishen, flow velocity, pressure, aeration degree and effect of energy dissipation etc., therefore, boss on dam facing is set rightly, can make lower sluicing stream thinning disperse, form more stable aeration Xuan Gun district and collision dilution zone, and boss size Selection with under to let out discharge per unit width, height of dam, dam facing slope be domatic vertical height and the ratio of horizontal width than i(), effect of energy dissipation is relevant, so its size should be set according to the actual requirements.
Wherein, for the step height a of boss 2, when step height a is larger, fall the corresponding increase of current down stream drop between bank, effect of energy dissipation is better; But when low discharge earial drainage, the current down stream fluctuation of falling between bank is larger, and the sharp phenomenon of spattering of current is comparatively obvious.Aeration and whirlpool roll position in boss size one regularly, with under let out discharge per unit width increase along flowing to, move down gradually, so the step height a of boss should be chosen as 0.5～1.8m, concrete height is determined by earial drainage discharge per unit width.
For the radius r of the leading edge of boss 2 end face circular arcs, it should make the fan-shaped dispersion train forming on same boss group adjacent lands 2 end faces can mutually clash into and fully blending.As too small in radius r, the advantage performance of boss 2 is not obvious; And radius r is excessive, the quantity of boss 2 and fan-shaped dispersion train reduces relatively, and main flow is disperseed fragmentation not, affects the stable and energy dissipating efficiency of fluidised form.So the radius r of the leading edge of boss end face circular arc should be by
arrange, and adjust according to dam facing overflow performance.
For the spacing d between the adjacent lands of same boss group, spacing d disperses degree of crushing influential to energy dissipater's number and current equally, by can be by d=(0.2～0.5) r chooses, and can suitably increase along with the increase of land length b.
For the angle beta upwarping for boss end face front portion, β value is larger, and boss 2 end faces and the dam facing region that joins is recessed more obvious, the water subfill of miniature plunge pool is thicker, boss 2 both sides divide streamflow larger, and the water yield that participates in local collision is also larger, and energy dissipating efficiency is higher; When discharge per unit width is larger, in the steeper situation of the dam facing gradient, be to guarantee effect of energy dissipation, β value should suitably strengthen.Upwarp angle beta and can be made as 10 °～25 °, specifically can be more selected than i, discharge per unit width and effect of energy dissipation etc. according to dam facing slope.
For the level interval S of the length b of boss 2 and the boss front end of adjacent two boss groups, should consider that dam facing overflow performance, engineering quantity and execution conditions etc. determine, reasonably length b and interval S should be fall bank downstream face inner produce low pressure whirlpool, current aeration fully, engineering quantity is economized and easy construction etc.By S >=b >=r, choose (as shown in Figure 4, being the situation of S=b, as shown in Figure 6, is the situation of S>b).When the dam facing gradient is steeper, interval S can be suitably smaller; When the chute section gradient is compared with time slack, in order suitably to increase the drop between ladder, interval S can suitably be selected larger.
Compare with conventional stepped spillway face energy dissipater, dam facing energy dissipater of the present utility model can make the current aeration let out under dam facing more abundant, and can promote current to disperse collision, increase the shearing blending between current, further improve dam facing energy dissipating efficiency, to improving under dam, washing away, simplify the energy-dissipating installation of even canceling dam facing end and have remarkable effect, is a kind of economical and practical, and the novel dam facing energy dissipater larger to the accommodation of discharge per unit width.
Claims (7)
1. dam facing energy dissipater, it is characterized in that: comprise the stepped a plurality of boss groups that are distributed on inclination dam facing, each boss group has a plurality of independently boss, the boss sequence of neighbouring boss group, the region that the end face of boss engages with dam facing is slightly recessed, and the leading edge of boss end face is circular arc.
2. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the front portion of boss end face is upturned.
3. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the angle beta that the front portion of boss end face is upturned is 10 °～25 °.
4. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step height a=0.5～1.8m of boss.
5. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the radius of boss end face circular arc front edge
, wherein, i is dam facing slope ratio, the step height that a is boss.
6. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 5, is characterized in that: between the adjacent lands of same boss group spacing d=(0.2～0.5) r, wherein, r is the radius of boss end face circular arc front edge.
7. dam facing energy dissipater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the size relationship between the level interval S of the boss front end of the length b of boss, adjacent two boss groups and this three of radius r of boss end face circular arc front edge is: S >=b >=r.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320562560.7U CN203475400U (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Dam Face energy dissipater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320562560.7U CN203475400U (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Dam Face energy dissipater |
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| CN203475400U true CN203475400U (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN201320562560.7U Expired - Fee Related CN203475400U (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Dam Face energy dissipater |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106702978A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Low-overflow dam equal-water head step-by-step energy dissipation structure |
| CN109281794A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-29 | 三峡大学 | A kind of sea wall energy dissipating electricity generation system and energy dissipating electricity-generating method |
| CN113481947A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-08 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Body type structure for reducing avoidance of water flow folding and flushing fins of contraction drainage channel and arrangement method thereof |
| CN116122237A (en) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-05-16 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Flow state adjustment system suitable for power plant circulating water runner |
-
2013
- 2013-09-11 CN CN201320562560.7U patent/CN203475400U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106702978A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Low-overflow dam equal-water head step-by-step energy dissipation structure |
| CN109281794A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-29 | 三峡大学 | A kind of sea wall energy dissipating electricity generation system and energy dissipating electricity-generating method |
| CN109281794B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2024-03-29 | 三峡大学 | Energy dissipation power generation system and energy dissipation power generation method for seawall |
| CN113481947A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-08 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Body type structure for reducing avoidance of water flow folding and flushing fins of contraction drainage channel and arrangement method thereof |
| CN116122237A (en) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-05-16 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Flow state adjustment system suitable for power plant circulating water runner |
| CN116122237B (en) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-08-18 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Flow state adjustment system suitable for power plant circulating water runner |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140312 Termination date: 20140911 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |