CN104695391A - Diffusion type inverse step rectification and energy dissipation method and absorption basin - Google Patents
Diffusion type inverse step rectification and energy dissipation method and absorption basin Download PDFInfo
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- CN104695391A CN104695391A CN201510079171.2A CN201510079171A CN104695391A CN 104695391 A CN104695391 A CN 104695391A CN 201510079171 A CN201510079171 A CN 201510079171A CN 104695391 A CN104695391 A CN 104695391A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diffusion type inverse step rectification and energy dissipation method and an absorption basin. According to the method, a tail end continuous inverse step end sill is adopted to replace a traditional end sill shape, water flow and the end sill are enabled to be collided in a layered way, water flow collision, mixing and turbulence flow state are enhanced before water flow is discharged from the basin, and layered collision energy dissipation are realized. In order to adopt hydraulic jump energy dissipation, a falling-sill is arranged at a front end inlet, so that water flow is vertically diffused; a side wall is horizontally diffused, so that the water flow is horizontally diffused; a tail end inverse step collides the water flow in a layered way, tail water is lifted, and a forced hydraulic jump phenomenon is formed in the basin. The method can effectively shorten the basin length, improve the energy dissipation percentage, and achieves the effect of energy dissipation and discharge flow rate distribution adjusting, so that the discharge water flow is smoothly converged with a downstream river channel, and downstream scour is reduced. The method is applied to low water head, large unit-width and low Fr number water flow state, charge and discharge flow is uniform, the axis of a riverway in rear of an outlet is coaxial with the water flow, and main flow is not required to be deflected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering flood-discharge energy-dissipating field, relate to a kind of energy dissipating method and absorption basin.
Background technology
In water conservancy and hydropower outlet structure escape works, when earial drainage is connected mutually with downstream natural river course, energy dissipating and adjustment velocity flow profile must be needed.High water head, high Fr number (Fr number is referred to as Floyd's algorithm, is hydraulic parameters, is hereinafter " Fr number ") sluicing condition, available stream of choosing adds cushion pool, also can add the measures such as absorption basin with underflow, surface current, reach dissipation and scouring object.But become difficult point for low water head, large single wide, low Fr number current Dissipation of Energy, especially discharge per unit width greatly (is greater than 300m always
2/ s), in Fr number extremely low (1 ~ 2) situation, energy dissipation below spillway region is by limited time, and current energy dissipating difficulty is very big.
From energy dissipating angle, can there is complete stable hydraulic jump in energy dissipating section in no matter which kind of energy dissipation type, very favourable to energy dissipating.But stablizing hydraulic jump is formed conditional requests such as incoming flow Fr number, discharge per unit width, water levels of upstream and downstream difference and changes higher.In a lot of situation, especially low water head, large single wide, low Fr number current, it is limited that water levels of upstream and downstream combination is complicated and changeable, hydraulic jump produces district's topographic and geologic condition, and it is unstable that hydraulic jump produces form, even can not form hydraulic jump phenomenon, the efficient energy dissipating of runner exit can not be ensured.At present, in order to utilize energy dissipation by hydraulic jump, often adopting its supplementary devices (pier, bank etc.) and shrinking the modes such as diffusion and forcing current to produce hydraulic jump phenomenon, but, greatly (300m is greater than for discharge per unit width
2/ s), Fr number extremely low (1 ~ 2), water levels of upstream and downstream difference is less, and the level of tail water is lower, the situations such as outlet landform geological conditions limited (energy dissipating region is shorter), energy dissipating difficulty is comparatively large, because outlet discharge per unit width is large, flow velocity is high, be difficult to form hydraulic jump, energy dissipation rate is extremely low, causes downstream to wash away seriously.
Step Energy Dissipation mode is applied in fields such as hydraulic engineering, landscape design, river sand prevention and fish pass engineerings, the place such as dam facing, flood spillway employing step of being everlasting in hydraulic engineering carries out energy dissipating, rough by adding underflow, increase aeration, rotary roll, collision, reach the object of energy dissipating aeration, and mostly be forward (namely each step plane elevation reduces step by step along water (flow) direction) step.For anti-step (namely each step plane elevation raises step by step along water (flow) direction) Energy Dissipation Modes, at present adopt single step pattern (Ru Kan, pier etc.), in order to rectification or impel hydraulic jump to produce, but effect of energy dissipation need raising more.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to low water head, large discharge per unit, low Fr number current, energy dissipation below spillway region be limited, incoming flow and go out to flow straight situation, provide a kind of diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method and absorption basin, it is long effectively can to shorten absorption basin pond, improves energy dissipation rate.
The present invention specifically adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method, it is characterized in that arranging continuous anti-step tail bank at the end of absorption basin, symmetrical and the outwards horizontal proliferation of absorption basin both sides abutment wall, continuous anti-step tail bank is made up of symmetrical and that width spreads with absorption basin abutment wall and changes step, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step, continuous anti-step tail bank and incoming flow layering are collided, layering abatement energy, make current horizontal proliferation, in pond, abundant blending, turbulent fluctuation, can increase and pond resistance simultaneously, improve pool inner water to jump the second sequent depth, realize the object of rectification energy dissipating.
Present invention also offers the absorption basin applying above-mentioned energy dissipating method, absorption basin is made up of the tail bank falling bank, the base plate of bottom, the abutment wall of both sides and end of front end, it is characterized in that the symmetrical and outwards horizontal proliferation of described absorption basin both sides abutment wall, tail bank adopts continuous anti-step tail bank, be made up of symmetrical and that width spreads with absorption basin abutment wall and changes step, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
Preferably, described tail bank exponent number is 2 ~ 5 rank;
Preferably, described tail bank single step height is 2 ~ 5m.(each rank shoulder height can be equal, also can be unequal.）
Preferably, absorption basin abutment wall diffusion angle is 5 ° ~ 15 °.
Preferably, the falling height falling bank is 1/6 ~ 1/3h, h is the influent stream depth of water.
The each rank of the present invention's anti-step tail bank degree of depth of marking time can need to consider design in conjunction with the exponent number of anti-step and single-order shoulder height according to the adjustment of actual fluidised form.Absorption basin both sides abutment wall can be plane also can be curved surface, need to determine according to the adjustment of actual fluidised form.
Diffused of the present invention anti-step rectification energy dissipating method and absorption basin utilize the continuous anti-step tail bank of end to replace traditional tail bank build, current and the layering of tail bank are collided, layering abatement energy, strengthens and current collision before pond, blending, turbulent fluctuation fluidised form, realizes colliding energy dissipating; Abutment wall horizontal proliferation, reduces discharge per unit width, homogenizing velocity flow profile; And fall bank increase pool inner water deeply in leading inlet setting, current are vertically spread, impels in pond and form energy dissipation by hydraulic jump fluidised form, effectively can shorten pond long, improve energy dissipation rate, reach the effect of energy dissipating and adjustment velocity flow profile, use pond current to be connected with the downstream water surface is smooth-going, alleviate downstream and wash away.The present invention is applicable to low water head, large single wide, low Fr number streamflow regime, and evenly, after outlet, river course axis is coaxial with current, and away from bank, main flow is without the need to deflecting situation for turnover stream.The concrete size of absorption basin and build require to adapt with inlet flow conditions and the level of tail water.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is planar diffusion type anti-step absorption basin stereogram;
Fig. 2 is planar diffusion type anti-step absorption basin plan view;
Fig. 3 is curved surface diffused anti-step absorption basin plan view;
Fig. 4 is that fish scale-shaped " lolls " figure;
Fig. 5 is that zigzag " lolls " figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the anti-step absorption basin of diffused is made up of the tail bank 4 falling bank 1, the base plate 2 of bottom, the abutment wall 3 of both sides and end of front end, both sides abutment wall 3 is plane, symmetrical with absorption basin axis, and horizontally outward spread, absorption basin width increases gradually, makes the horizontal proliferation of water outlet current; Its front end fall bank 1 can at right angles or certain slope fall, increase pool inner water dark, current vertically spread; Its tail bank 4 is arranged to continuous anti-step tail bank, and the step layering of incoming flow and tail bank is collided, before using pond current fully collide, blending, turbulent fluctuation, reduce pond flow velocity, harmony height tailwater elevation, impel in pond and form energy dissipation by hydraulic jump fluidised form, increase energy dissipating efficiency.
Tail bank 4 by symmetrical (symmetrical with absorption basin axis) and the step that width increases gradually with absorption basin width form, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
The exponent number of tail bank 4 is 5 rank, and single step height is 2m, and abutment wall 3 diffusion angle is 5 °, and falling bank 1 falling height is 1/6h.
Embodiment two
The anti-step absorption basin of diffused is made up of the tail bank 4 falling bank 1, the base plate 2 of bottom, the abutment wall 3 of both sides and end of front end, both sides abutment wall 3 is plane, symmetrical with absorption basin axis, and horizontally outward spreads, absorption basin width increases gradually, makes the laterally fully diffusion of water outlet current.Its tail bank is arranged to continuous anti-step tail bank, and the step layering of incoming flow and tail bank is collided, before using pond current fully collide, blending, turbulent fluctuation, reduce pond flow velocity, harmony height tailwater elevation, impel in pond and form energy dissipation by hydraulic jump fluidised form, increase energy dissipating efficiency.
Tail bank 4 by symmetrical (symmetrical with absorption basin axis) and the step that width increases gradually with absorption basin width form, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
The exponent number of tail bank 4 is 3 rank, and single step height is 4m, and side abutment wall 3 diffusion angle is 10 °, and falling bank 1 falling height is 1/3h.
Embodiment three
The anti-step absorption basin of diffused is made up of the tail bank 4 falling bank 1, the base plate 2 of bottom, the abutment wall 3 of both sides and end of front end, both sides abutment wall 3 is plane, symmetrical with absorption basin axis, and horizontally outward spreads, absorption basin width increases gradually, makes the laterally fully diffusion of water outlet current.Its tail bank is arranged to continuous anti-step tail bank, and the step layering of incoming flow and tail bank is collided, before using pond current fully collide, blending, turbulent fluctuation, in pond, form high conjugate depth hydraulic jump.
Tail bank 4 by symmetrical (symmetrical with absorption basin axis) and the step that width increases gradually with absorption basin width form, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
The exponent number of tail bank 4 is 2 rank, and single step height is 5m, and side abutment wall 3 diffusion angle is 15 °, and falling bank 1 falling height is 1/4h.
Embodiment four
The anti-step absorption basin of diffused is made up of the tail bank 4 falling bank 1, the base plate 2 of bottom, the abutment wall 3 of both sides and end of front end, both sides abutment wall 3 is curved surface (as Fig. 3), symmetrical with absorption basin axis, and horizontally outward spread, absorption basin width increases gradually, makes the laterally fully diffusion of water outlet current.Its tail bank is arranged to continuous anti-step tail bank, and the step layering of incoming flow and tail bank is collided, before using pond current fully collide, blending, turbulent fluctuation, reduce pond flow velocity, harmony height tailwater elevation, impel in pond and form energy dissipation by hydraulic jump fluidised form, increase energy dissipating efficiency.
Tail bank 4 by symmetrical (symmetrical with absorption basin axis) and width form with the step of absorption basin change width, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
The exponent number of tail bank 4 is 4 rank, and two-layer shoulder height is 3m at the end, pushes up two-layer shoulder height and is 4m, and falling bank 1 falling height is 1/3h.
The anti-step absorption basin of diffused of the present invention, the top stage of its continuous anti-step tail bank can extend to outside absorption basin by Parallel to the flow direction, stretches out in " tongue " shape, goes out pond current this " tongue " is staggered to fall, there is ornamental value, more obvious when particularly water body is thinner." tongue " shape can be fish scale-shaped shown in Fig. 4, or other shape such as zigzag shown in Fig. 5.Anti-ledge structure profile and flow-shape can include hinge view in.
Claims (10)
1. a diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method, it is characterized in that arranging continuous anti-step tail bank at the end of absorption basin, symmetrical and the outwards horizontal proliferation of absorption basin both sides abutment wall, continuous anti-step tail bank is made up of symmetrical and that width spreads with absorption basin abutment wall and changes step, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step, continuous anti-step tail bank and incoming flow layering are collided, make current horizontal proliferation simultaneously, abundant blending, turbulent fluctuation in pond, increase and pond resistance, improve pool inner water to jump the second sequent depth, realize the object of rectification energy dissipating.
2. diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described continuous anti-step tail bank exponent number is 2-5 rank.
3. diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described continuous anti-step tail bank single step height is 2-5m.
4. diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that absorption basin abutment wall diffusion angle is 5 °-15 °.
5. diffused anti-step rectification energy dissipating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that arranging in absorption basin front end falling height be 1/6-1/3h fall bank, h is the influent stream depth of water.
6. the anti-step absorption basin of diffused, be made up of the tail bank (4) falling bank (1), the base plate (2) of bottom, the abutment wall (3) of both sides and end of front end, it is characterized in that the symmetrical and outwards horizontal proliferation of described absorption basin both sides abutment wall, tail bank (4) adopts continuous anti-step tail bank, be made up of symmetrical and that width spreads with absorption basin abutment wall and changes step, step Parallel to the flow direction elevation raises step by step.
7. the anti-step absorption basin of diffused as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that described tail bank (4) exponent number is 2-5 rank; Tail bank (4) single step height is 2-5m.
8. the anti-step absorption basin of diffused as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that the diffusion angle of abutment wall (3) is 5 °-15 °.
9. the anti-step absorption basin of diffused as claimed in claim 6, the falling height that it is characterized in that falling bank (1) is 1/6-1/3h, h is the influent stream depth of water.
10. anti-step absorption basin as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that the top stage Parallel to the flow direction of tail bank (4) extends to outside absorption basin, stretches out in tongue shape.
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| CN201510079171.2A CN104695391A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Diffusion type inverse step rectification and energy dissipation method and absorption basin |
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| CN201510079171.2A CN104695391A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Diffusion type inverse step rectification and energy dissipation method and absorption basin |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109555088A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of anti-whirlpool device of rectification |
| CN109881644A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-06-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of secondary stilling basin design method suitable for low Freund number energy dissipating |
| CN110552331A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-10 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Composite energy dissipater suitable for long-distance and complex-terrain slope surface drainage |
| CN110629735A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-31 | 四川大学 | Narrow slit outlet flip bucket with opening at bottom of side wall |
| CN111945682A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-17 | 大连理工大学 | Energy dissipation pool with inverted triangular wedge tail pier |
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| JP2005282081A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Energy absorbing structure and discharge passage used therefor |
| CN101538840A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2009-09-23 | 四川大学 | Trajectory bucket type energy dissipater in absorption basin |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109881644A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-06-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of secondary stilling basin design method suitable for low Freund number energy dissipating |
| CN109555088A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of anti-whirlpool device of rectification |
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| CN110552331A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-10 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Composite energy dissipater suitable for long-distance and complex-terrain slope surface drainage |
| CN110629735A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-31 | 四川大学 | Narrow slit outlet flip bucket with opening at bottom of side wall |
| CN111945682A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-17 | 大连理工大学 | Energy dissipation pool with inverted triangular wedge tail pier |
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